TRAFFIC: VEHICLE ANALYSIS AT THE JUNCTION

THEORY / BACKGROUND
Before the planning and designing the traffic system can be done is necessary to collect
traffic data to analysed, and studied in depth. Field surveys are needed to make a detailed
plan. The data collected will be sufficient for the data to represent an actual situation on the
characteristics of traffic in the area. Information is often collected in the field is counting
traffic volume, traffic speed, travel time alternator and traffic accident statistics.
Experiments conducted to measure the traffic volume of vehicles in an intersection without
traffic lights. The observed experimental results will be used to determine the intersection of
the study area for a system of traffic lights or not. If the intersection is required the traffic
light system, the researches need to determine the cycle time of traffic lights at the junction.
Traffic lights are used primarily to control the conflict between pedestrians and motorists.
This method of determining the installation of traffic lights and the method of determining
the duration can be obtained from Arahan Teknik (Jalan) (1) 11/87 dan Arahan Teknik
(Jalan) (2) 13/87.

OBJECTIVE / PROCEDURE
To determine the rate of traffic flow in an intersection area for 4-leg junctions or T-junctions.

APPARATUS
1. Stopwatch

2. Analog counter
 3. Paper form and stationery

4. Safety vest

PROCEDURES
1. Identify the strategic location.
 The site choosen make sure that it is not dangerous and does not interfere with
existing traffic.
 Sketch a location with an aid of diagram
2. Collect field data
 Record observations on JKR form (table 1) for 1 hour pattern and
 Record observations on Delay Time Form (table 2)
 Convert the numbers of vehicle to Passenger Car Unit (table 3)
3. Analyse data with a suitable method
 Interpret the data on table, graph and etc
4. Report findings.
 Table 2: Delay Time Form
Flow A2: Taman Kenari – Sungai Ular

Traffic 1 2 3 4 5 Average
Flow
Time
Cycle Turn 13.92s 04.35s 29.63s 08.04s 07.37s 12.66s
(seconds) Right

Flow C2: Pekan Kulim – Taman Kenari

Traffic 1 2 3 4 5 Average
Flow

Turn 07.29s 15.47s 07.47s 24.87s 06.98s 12.42s

Right

Table 3: Result of Traffic Volume for Each Direction

a) Flow: a1
Total of Traffic Flow: 6
Vehicles Class Traffic Volume
Numbers of vehicles Coefficient pcu
Class 1 57 1.0 57
Class 2 7 3.0 21
Class 3 0 3.0 0
Class 4 19 1.0 97
97

b) Flow: a2
Total of Traffic Flow: 6
Vehicles Class Traffic Volume
Numbers of vehicles Coefficient pcu
Class 1 61 1.0 61
Class 2 17 3.0 51
Class 3 1 3.0 3
Class 4 58 1.0 58
173
 c) Flow: b1
Total of Traffic Flow: 6
Vehicles Class Traffic Volume
Numbers of vehicles Coefficient pcu
Class 1 274 1.0 274
Class 2 74 3.0 222
Class 3 11 3.0 33
Class 4 180 1.0 180
709

d) Flow: b2
Total of Traffic Flow: 6
Vehicles Class Traffic Volume
Numbers of vehicles Coefficient pcu
Class 1 51 1.0 51
Class 2 14 3.0 42
Class 3 0 3.0 0
Class 4 102 1.0 102
195

e) Flow: c1
Total of Traffic Flow: 6
Vehicles Class Traffic Volume
Numbers of vehicles Coefficient pcu
Class 1 328 1.0 328
Class 2 57 3.0 171
Class 3 10 3.0 30
Class 4 223 1.0 223
752

f) Flow: c2
Total of Traffic Flow: 6
Vehicles Class Traffic Volume
Numbers of vehicles Coefficient pcu
Class 1 43 1.0 43
Class 2 12 3.0 36
Class 3 0 3.0 0
Class 4 22 1.0 22
101
Direction Flow Total pcu
A A1: Taman Kenari – Pekan 97
Kulim
A2: Taman Kenari – Sungai 173
Ular
B B1: Sungai Ular – Taman 709
Kenari
B2: Sungai Ular – Pekan 195
Kulim
C C1: Pekan Kulim – Sungai 752
Ular
C2: Pekan Kulim – Taman 101
Kenari

Vehicles Class Traffic Volume

Total Flow PCU(A1+A2+B1+B2+C1+C2) Total PCU
Class 1 57+61+274+51+328+43 814
Class 2 21+51+222+42+171+36 543
Class 3 0+30+33+0+30+0 66
Class 4 19+58+180+102+223 582
DISCUSSION

TOTAL PCU

29%

41%

3%

27%

Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4

The graph shows the total PCU of vehicles at the junction in 1 hour. There are includes with
Vehicle Class 1, 2, 3 and 4. From the pie chart, we know that the total PCU of Vehicles Class
1 the most higher, it consist of 41% from overall. The reason for high percent of total PCU
Vehicles Class 1 because they drive their car to eat lunch and parent take their children from
school. It is also the main road to go to the school. Vehicles class 3 consist of 29% and class 2
consist of 27% in the total PCU of vehicles. The pie chart also shows the class 3 is the lowest
percent, with 3%.

CONCLUSION
In this experiment, we have done the work studies traffic characteristics in the Kulim at one
selected T- junction. In this work emphasis was given on traffic volume and the analysis was
carried out through primary traffic flow surveys at T - junction Pekan Kulim, Taman Kenari
and Sungai Ular. We conclude that we’ve succeed and reached the objectives of this
experiment and learned how to determine the rate of traffic flow in an intersection area T-
junctions. Calculation of Passenger Car Units (PCU’s) for different vehicle types was provided
by our traffic volume.