UDC 624.154.2/.

7 DEUTSCHE NORMEN August 1975

~P---------~--------------------------------------------~-------------,
-
DIN
Driven Piles
Manufacture, Dimensioning and Permissible Loading 4026
Rammpfiihle; Herstellung, Bemessung und zuliissige Belastung

This Standard has been prepared by the Arbeitsgruppe Baugrund (Working Group Subsoil)of the Normenausschuss
Bauwesen (NABau) (Standards Committee Building Practice). It has been recommended to the oberste Bauaufsichts-

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behorden (Highest Authority for Building Supervision) by the lnstitut fur Bautechnik (Institute for Building Technol-
ogy). Berlin, for inclusion in the official licensing procedure.

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In this Standard, those forces acting from outside on a building construction, e.g. weight forces are also termed loads
or stresses.
As the work of manufacturing piles and of pile driving requires great care and experience, only those firms having such
experience should be entrusted with contracts for providing and placing foundation piles.
For Explanations to this Standard see DIN 4026 Supplement.
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Contents
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.; Page
CD
Page
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1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 5.3 Steel piles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
~
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0
2 Terms and definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 5.4 Joined driven piles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

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3 Site engineer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 6 Pile driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
~., 4 Investigation of the subsoil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 7 Arrangement of the piles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
.=., 5 Kinds of piles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
., 8 Load-bearing capacity and permissible loading of
.t:
u 5.1 Wooden piles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
!l pressure and tension piles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
.,
::J 5.2 Reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete
0 piles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Further standards and directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
n-
z
.,
0 5.2.1 Reinforced concrete piles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Appendix: Specimen printed forms 1 to 3
;S 5.2.2 Prestressed concrete piles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 according to DIN 4026, Section 6.5 .... 9
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.,
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.,a. 1 Scope
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·~ 2.3 Joined piles

This Standard applies for all foundation piles according Piles according to Section 2.1 or Section 2.2 prefabricated
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to Sections 2.1 to 2.3. Only Sections 3, 4 and 6.5 of this in sections (part-lengths) and joined together before or
Q.
.,., during driving also such joined piles the part-lengths of
)(
Standard apply for special piles (see Section 2.4). If their
which are of differing cross-section and made of dif-
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;S manufacture or placing involves any materials, finished

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parts or processes dealt with in this Standard, the rele- fering materials.
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>- vant stipulations apply.

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2.4 Special piles
.;
.
t:
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2 Terms and definitions
Special constructions in which the quality and the load-
bearing capacity of the pile are assured by other or addi-
.s
.,>c
kg

Piles, made of wood, reinforced concrete, prestressed tional measures. Included in this category are in-situ
., concrete piles.
c concrete or steel, are such that, as full-lengths or in sec-
.2 tions (part-lengths), they are prefabricated or finished
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and, as such, are driven into the ground (finished piles). 3 Site engineer
ec.
., The driving may be assisted by vibrating or jetting. The
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a: The site engineer of the Works should be a trained and

following are usual:
experienced specialist fully conversant with handling
prefabricated piles and with pile driving. He or his sim-
2.1 Simple piles ilarly qualified representative shall be present on the site
Piles of same material throughout and having same cross- whenever pile driving is being carried out. The pile
driving should be supervised by a trained foreman pile-
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sectional shape throughout whole of length.

driver or equivalently experienced persons .
.,
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.... 4 Investigation of the subsoil
0 2.2 Piles with base
a.
X
w Piles according to Section 2.1 but the end of the shaft 4.1 Before drawing up any preliminary plans, the sub-
B which rests in the ground is enlarged. soil is to be investigated according to DIN 1054 and
.9--
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·~~0 Continued on pages 2 to 11
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Sole sale nghts of German Standards (OIN-Normen) are w1th Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin 30 DIN 4026 Engl. Pnce group 7
08.91 Sales No. 0107
 Page 2 DIN 4026
DIN 4021 Part 1, Part 2 (at present still in draft form).
Part 3 (at present still in draft form), Dl N 4022 Part 1,
DIN 4023 and DIN 18 196. The borings should provide
additional information concerning obstacles in the way
of pile driving, thickness and compactness of the bearing
strata etc.
The strata of cohesionless soils may be investigated with
the pressure probe (see DIN 4094 Part 1) or percussion
probe. The strength properties of cohesive soils are to
be found from undisturbed soil samples.
4.2 The investigations according to Section 4.1 may
also be supplemented by test drivings.
4.3 Groundwater, free water and soils are to be investi·
gated for their possible material-damaging properties.
5 Kinds of piles
5.1 Wooden piles
5.1.1 Kinds of wood
Suitable kinds of wood:
a) coniferous woods- pine, deal, spruce, larch, douglas fir
b) oak, if particularly great resistance is required
c) Basralocus, Bongossi, Demarara-Greenheart and other
suitable foreign hardwoods, if very high density, hard·
ness and durability are required.
5.1.2 Quality
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Wooden piles should consist of sound wood. They should
be straight (pile height~ 1/300 of the pile length) and
free of twisted growth and evenly tapering, the diameter
decreasing at most 1.5 em per metre, preferably only
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1 em per metre. Coniferous woods shall be at least equiv-
alent to quality class II according to DIN 4074 Part 2.
These stipulations apply in the same sense to deciduous
woods and to foreign hardwoods.
The permissible strain is as outlined in DIN 1052. Foreign
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woods are to be classified according to their strength pro-
perties. 1 )
5.1.3 Dimensions
kg
The mean diameter (as measured at half the pile length)
must be in co-ordination with the pile length I- for con-
structive and pile-driving reasons. The rule of thumb
according to Table 1 should be observed.
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Table 1
Length Mean diameter
l (per. deviations± 2 em)
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m em
<6 25
:;;:6 20 + l
(metres figure for /)
5.1.4 Preparing the piles
Before driving, the outer bark is to be removed. Bast or
inner bark need not be removed.
The point, generally at the lower end, shall be cut axially
and symmetrically. The height of the pointed part should
be 1.2 to 2 x the diameter at the lower end. In the case of
solid soils the lower value and in the case of soft soils
the higher value should be selected. Pile boots should
only be used where the special soil conditions require
this, and then only if the boots are fixed immovably to
the pile point.
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The pile head shall be secured against splitting by means
of a driving cap or ring.
If the wood structure is destroyed by heavy driving (whig
effect), a new pile should be cut. If a pile splits it is
unsuitable for taking stresses.
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5.1.5 Life span
For pile foundations requiring a long life span, wooden
piles can only be used where they end under the rot limit
and where they cannot be affected by wood pests.
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Piles in the water change zone and above it generally
have a short life span but the span can be increased by
special protective and maintenance measures.
For pile protection, only such processes shall be applied
which enable depth protection (e.g. according to
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DIN 68 800).
5.2 Reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete piles
Piles made of reinforced concrete must be so made that
they ensure a durable foundation. They must also be
able to withstand the strains involved in proper transpor·
tation and pile driving.
Reinforced concrete piles are made solid or hollow, in
square, rectangular, polygon, circular or order-arranged
cross-section, with loose reinforcement or with prestres-
sing.
The piles can be made in concrete Works or on sites - in
both cases the quality requirements shall be assured by
suitable production plants and continuous supervision.
5.2.1 Reinforced concrete piles
5.2.1.1 M a n u f a c t u r e
Where not otherwise specified in the following, DIN 1045,
January 1972 edition, Section 5.3 applies- Require-
ments of factories making concrete prefabrication works.
5.2.1.2 C r o s s · s e_ c t i o n a I s h a p e a n d s i z e
will depend on the pile length, manufacturing process,
the required load-bearing force and other strains, the sub-
soil and also the degree of difficulty in pile driving.
If the end is formed as a point or a cut, its height should
be 1.3 times the small side length of the pile cross-sec-
tion, in the case of round piles 1.3 times the diameter.
5.2.1.3 Materials
5.2.1.3.1 Concrete
The concrete shall be dense within the meaning of the
Standard DIN 1045, January 1972 edition, Section
6.5.7.4. Its nominal strength at lifting the pile from
the production ground should be iii: 25 MN/m2
1) see e.g. Grundbau-Taschenbuch, Band I, 2. Auflage
(Foundation engineering Pocketbook, Vol. I, 2nd edi·
tion) Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Berlin-Miinchen 1966,
Page 579, Table 1 and Page 637.

( ~ 250 kp/cm2) and at the start of driving it should be
~35MN/m2 (~350kp/cm2).
These properties should be assured according to the
regulations of DIN 1045 and DIN 1048.
5.2.1.3.2 Reinforcing steel
Use reinforcing steeiiG, Ill U and Ill K according to
DIN 488 Part 1 as longitudinal reinforcement.
For the transverse reinforcement reinforcing steeiiG or
wire rod will suffice.
5.2.1.4 D i m e n s i o n i n g
The reinforcement of the reinforced concrete piles shall
be dimensioned in such a way that the bending moments
involved in transporting and lifting the piles can be taken
up without any noteworthy cracking.
For determining the required reinforcement, generally a
loading case is to be taken as a basis that takes account
of one-side lifting of the pile when lifting out of the
mould or before pile driving, allowing a safety factor of
v = 1.5 for bending or combined bending and axial stress.
Tension piles and also piles subjected to bending stress
in the construction shall be dimensioned for such stresses
according to DIN 1045.
5.2.1.5 A r r a n g e m e n t o f t h e r e i n f o r c e -
ment, minimum reinforcement
The longitudinal reinforcement of the piles, at lengths
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exceeding 10m, shall be not less than 0.8% of the cross-
section of the pile. For solid rectangular piles arrange at
least 4 longitudinal bars of 14 mm diameter in the cor-
ners; for round piles arrange at least 5 longitudinal bars
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of 14 mm diameter evenly spaced, without end hooks.
The diameter of the transverse reinforcement should be
at least 5 mm. The distance of the stirrups or the axial
spacing (pitch) of a helix should not exceed 12 em. Due
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to the dynamic pressure stress on the pile during pile
driving, the transverse reinforcement should surround the
longitudinal reinforcement rigidly.
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Over a length of 1 m at top and bottom of the pile the
pitch or spacing of the transverse reinforcement is to be
reduced to about 5 em.
kg
5.2.1.6 Concrete cover
The concrete cover of the longitudinal reinforcement
shall be 30 mm. For piles subjected to the influence of
liquids and soils aggressive to concrete, it is to be
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increased up to at least 40 mm. DIN 4030 is to be
observed.
5.2.1.7 Marking the piles
The piles are to be marked with the date of manufacture
and manufacturer's trade mark.
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5.2.1.8 T r e a t m e n t o f t h e p i I e s d u r i n g
transport
Reinforced concrete piles should not be tilted backwards
or lifted at an angle backwards, they should not be
thrown, in short, every care should be taken to prevent
damage during transport.
5.2.1.9 P e r m i s s i b I e for m at i o n of
cracks in piles
Cracks up to a width of 0.15 mm are allowed during pile
driving.
DIN 4026 Page 3
5.2.2 Prestressed concrete piles
The same rules apply as for reinforced concrete piles,
provided that the following text does not provide other
rules.
Piles made of prestressed concrete shall be so constructed
that they can take all their bending moments, including
those occurring during transport and hoisting, tensile
n
and compressive stresses in any or all pile cross-sections
without leaving any cracks.
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For dimensioning and manufacturing prestressed con-
crete piles see .. Richtlinien fur Bemessung und Ausfiih-
rung von Spannbetonbauteilen" "Directives for the
design and construction of prestressed concrete com-
ponents" (June 1973 version) 2 ) in which partial pre-
stressing is allowed for the constructional conditions
involved.
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The prestressing may be carried out in a prestressing
bed or by subsequent bonding after the concrete has
hardened.
The selected prestressing system must be such as can
take the pile driving dynamic stresses without suffering
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damage.
5.3 Steel piles
Steel piles are those applied in their original form as
roller mill products or are those made up from them.
There are beam piles, box piles and tubular piles with or
without closed points, also piles with reinforcements on
shaft or point.
5.3.1 Materials
5.3. 1.1 S t e e I g r a d e s
For steel piles, the mild steel St 37-1 according to
DIN 17 100 and steel-sheet piling of the quality 37 (St
Sp 37) 3 ) is sufficient. In special cases high grade steels
should be used for piles to be subjected to hard piling.
For the steel grades to be used for driven piles
a) of ordinary structural steels see DIN 17 100
b) of sheet pile section
see Recommendation E 67 of the Arbeitsausschuss
.,Ufereinfassungen" 3 ) (Working Committee Embank-
ments) 3) and Technical Conditions of Delivery for
Steel-sheet Piling4)
c) of seamless pipes see DIN 1629
d) of welded pipes see DIN 17 100 and DIN 1626
5.3.1.2 W e I d e d j o i n t s
For welded joints see DIN 4100 and DIN 8563 Part 1
and Part 2.
5.3.2 Reinforcements, strengthening
If steel piles are to be strengthened at the end or on the
shaft (e.g. wings) the strengthenings are to be arranged
2 ) Obtainable from Beuth Verlag GmbH, 1000 Berlin 30,
5000 Koln 1, 6000 Frankfurt/M.
3) Empfehlungen des Arbeitsausschusses "Ufereinfas-
sungen" (Recommendations of the Working Com-
mittee "Embankments") 5th edition, Wilhelm Ernst
& Sohn, Berlin-Miinchen-Diisseldorf 1975
4 ) Technische Lieferbedingungen fiir Stahlspundbohlen
(Technical Conditions of Delivery for Steel-sheet
Piling). 1967, from: Verkehrs- und Wirtschaftsverlag
Dr. Borgmann, Dortmund, Order No. 3035
 Page 4 DIN 4026
axial-symmetric. As a rule, they are welded-on (contin-
uous weld or intermittent). Such welds shall be strong
enough to take all the stresses involved in hard piling.
Cross welds shall be arranged at the bottom of the
strengthenings.
5.3.3 Welding work on delivered piles
Before carrying out subsequent welding work, the weld-
ability of the particular grade of steel is to be tested, and
the best welding process and the best electrodes to use
are found by asking the supplier. Otherwise, the stipula-
tions of Section 5.3.1.2 apply.
5.3.4 Corrosion protection
The risk of corrosion 5 ) shall be taken into account when
using steel piles in chemically attacking liquids and soils.
Only all-enclosed piles of great wall thickness should be
used. The rolling skin (outer surface of the rolled piece)
should be removed where there is a danger of direct and
continual local element formation.
Protective paints, metal or other coatings are effective
only when applied to metallically clean surfaces and
where they cannot suffer damage by driving or in service.
In the zone of the bearing soil strata all surface treat-
ments which would reduce the skin friction are to be
avoided. Where the risk of corrosion is very great, under-
water piles and piles in sufficiently damp earth could be
supplied with a properly designed and operated cathodic
n-
protection system.
5.4 Joined driven piles
The part-lengths shall be joined centrally and axially.
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The joints shall correspond to the constructive directiv_es
which apply to the particular materials and forms of
construction. They shall not loosen upon pile driving.
Section 5.3.3 applies to steel joints.
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The joints shall have at least the same compressive and
bending strength, in the case of tension piles also the
same tensile strength, as the adjacent part-lengths.
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6 Pile driving
kg
6.1 Pile driving equipment
The pile driving equipment shall be such that the piles
can be driven with the necessary sureness and care of the
piles. As hammer apply drop pile hammer (slow work-
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ing), explosion hammer or automatic fast working ham-
mer.
When using drop pile hammers, the height of drop shall
be adapted to the ground, to the pile material and to the
ratio hammer weight : pile weight (1 : 1 to 2 : 1 is partic-
ularly favourable; in exceptional cases a smaller ratio
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may suffice).
The impact shall always be central and in the axis direc-
tion. For proper care of the pile head select small drop
heavy hammers for reinforced and prestressed concrete
piles. The driving cap (cushion bock) shall be properly
lined between the pile head and the pile cap and shall fit
closely around the pile head.
6.2 Selection of piles
When selecting piles, the properties of the layers to be
penetrated are to be taken into account. Thus the tend-
ency should be to use piles of great displacement volume
(e.g. solid piles, box piles) for loose layered non-cohesive
(friable) soils and to use piles of smaller displacement
volume for less compacting and cohesive soils (e.g. beam
type piles). Piles which can only be driven to the desired
depth by an excessive application of force are to be
excluded.
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6.3 Water jet driving
For less easily compacted soils (see Section 6.2). the pile
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driving can be made possible or facilitated by water jet-
ting, possibly in conjunction with vibration.
Water jetting should be stopped in time before reaching
the desired depth, so that there is no permanently re-
maining adverse effect on the bearing soil strata.
6.4 Pile driving obstacles
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If a pile hits an obstacle, stop the pile driving. If the
obstacle is hit just before the desired depth is reached,
and it can be assumed that the pile is in no way damaged,
it will be taken as good for the full load but in all other
cases the pile must be replaced.
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6.5 Pile driving reports
Reports must be made out for all piles driven; see speci-
men printed form 1 (Minor Pile Driving Report).
In the case of uniform subsoil, for at least 5% of the
total number of piles keep a full piling report during the
whole of the piling; see specimen printed form 2 (Major
Pile Driving Report). Measure the penetration after each
hammer blow and enter the results in the form of the
graphs shown on the specimen printed form 3. Major
Pile Driving Reports are also to be made out for the first
5 piles and for all piles to be bearing-load tested. Where
there are considerable variations, changes in the subsoil,
highly loaded individual piles etc. increase the number of
piles from 5 to suit the obtaining conditions.
Where different kinds of piles are involved, keep separate
reports for each kind.
7 Arrangement of the piles
7.1 Driving depth
In sufficiently high load-bearing non-cohesive, friable
soils piles should, as a rule, bond at least 3m into the
load-bearing subsoil, except where, for other reasons, a
higher figure is required or even a lower figure may be
set in the case of very solidly layered soils as there is the
danger of damage to the piles.
7.2 Spacing
The distances between the piles shall be so great and the
sequence of blows shall be such that the effects of com-
paction and displacement during pile driving shall have
no adverse effect on adjacent or neighbouring piles or
structures. Therefore, conform strictly to the minimum
spacing given in Figure 1.
7.3 Pile inclination
Piles can be driven inclined at any angle provided that
suitable piling equipment is used. When determining the
5
) Wollin, G.: .. Korrosion im Grund- und Wasserbau"
(Corrosion in Foundation and Water Engineering)
BAUTECHNIK 1963, Page 37

e e
a) Piles parallel b) Piles splayed
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apart
Figure 1. Minimum spacing
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angle of inclination for any particular kind of pile, take
into account the possible influence of ground settlement
and side movement of the soil.
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8 Load-bearing capacity and permissible
loading of pressure and tension piles
The general aspects concerning the dimensioning of pile
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foundations are set out in DIN 1054, Draft Standard
April 1975, Section 5.
8.1 Empirical values
kg
8.1.1 Pressure piles
8.1.1.1 The permissible loadings given in Tables 2, 3 and
4 are empirical values G) 7 ) which apply to pressure piles
gripping at least 5 m into the subsoil with the prerequisite
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that the subsoil is composed of sufficiently high load·
bearing non-cohesive soils or a similar semi-solid cohesive
soil of adequate strength.
8.1.1.2 The permissible loadings given in Tables 2, 3
and 4 may be exceeded up to 25% without a loading test
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6) Petermann, Lackner, Schenck: ,Tragfahigkeit von
Pfahlen, Grossversuchen und ihre Auswertung",
2. Versuchsreihe (Load-bearing capacity of piles,
large scale experiments and their evaluation, 2nd
Series) 1958/59, Reports from Bauforschung (Building
Research) No. 49, Berlin 1967. Obtainable from Wil-
helm Ernst & Sohn, Berlin
7 ) Grundbau-Taschenbuch (Foundation engineering
Pocketbook) Vol. I, 2nd edition, published by Wil-
helm Ernst & Sohn, Berlin-Mi.inchen 1966, Section
2.6, Pile foundations (Schenck).
DIN 4026 Page 5
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.... ·.: •.
•.·.
ith
JetdF.
'
c) Piles splayed apart with
welded-on strengthenings
at points
if the load-bearing strata are composed of heavy load-
bearing non-cohesive soils or solid cohesive soils.
8.1.1.3 Where the subsoil conditions do not correspond
at least to those given in Section 8.1.1.1, the load-bearing
capacity can be much reduced and should then be deter-
mined by test loads (see Section 8.4).
8.1.2 Tension piles
Driven tension piles, as long as they stand no more than
5 m deep in at least sufficiently load-bearing non-cohesive
soils may be loaded at a permissible skin friction (peeled
surface) of 25 kN/m 2 (2.5 Mp/m 2 ), where there is no
noteworthy vibration on the pile. This also applies to at
least semi-solid cohesive soils.
The load-bearing capacity of tension piles can be consid-
erably diminished where the subsoil conditions do not
meet the requirements (see Section 8.1.1.1). The permis-
sible loading shall then be found from test loads (see Sec-
tion 8.4).
8.2 Pile driving formula
The load-bearing capacity of pressure piles should be
determined from the pile driving formula only where
the soil is non-cohesive and only then if the particular
formula is recognized by reason of local experience or
accurately laid down provisions or, in individual cases,
based on test loads that have proved to be reliable. For
determining the drive power, only free-fall hammer plant
may be used.
It is practical to apply the pile driving regulations for
determining the load-bearing capacity of certain kinds of
piles in a way adapted to the locally known conditions.
 Page 6 DIN 4026

8.3 Structural analysis
The load-bearing capacity of driven piles need not be
determined by a structural analysis.
8.4 Test loads
8.4.1 The permissible loadings for pressure and tension
piles according to Section 8.1 may be exceeded if a
pile from 0.025 d (where d =diameter or mean side
length of the pile or pile base in em.) (see Fig. 2).
If the ultimate load cannot be attained in one attempt,
the heaviest load applied shall count as the ultimate load.
If the test loading is repeated after a time and a higher
ultimate load results, then the higher value shall apply.
a--

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greater load-bearing capacity has been proved by test
loads on the site.
In the case of subsoil conditions and piles that are proved
to be comparable, test loads applied on other sites may
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be cited as proof. II)

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For the performance and evaluation of test loads
Dl N 1054 shall apply (subsequent edition, at present
still in draft form) unless otherwise stated in this text.
8.4.2 The yardstick for the load-bearing capacity of
piles is the ultimate load as shown by a load settlement
curve in the graph of the test load.

ith
The ultimate load is that load under which the pile mark·
edly begins to sink, for tension piles to rise. In the load
settlement curve it is that point at which the flat leg,
after a transition span, increasingly goes over into the
steep dropping leg - as the settlements increase.
If the course of the load se~tlement curve does not pro-
vide a clue as to this point, the ultimate load shall be that
-w Figure 2

Table 3. Permissible pressure on piles of square 1 ) cross-

load which causes a permanent settlement or lift of the section- reinforced concrete and prestressed
concrete piles
(insert intermediate values linearly)
Table 2. Permissible pressures on driven piles made
en

of wood Embedment depth

Permissible loading in kN 1)
in the
(insert intermediate values Iinearly)
load-bearing
Embedment depth
soil Side length a 2 ) in em
og

Permissible loading in kN 1)
in the m 20 25 30 35 40
load-bearing 3 200 250 350 450 550
soil dFuss in em
4 250 350 450 600 700
m 15 20 25 30 35
5 - 400 550 700 850
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3 100 150 200 300 400

6 - - 650 800 1000
4 150 200 300 400 500
1) 1 kN ""0.1 Mp
5 - 300 400 500 600 2) Also applies to nearly square cross-sections, in which
kg

1
) 1 kN ~0,1 Mp case insert the mean of the side lengths as side length a
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 DIN 4026 Page 7

Table 4. Permissible pressure on driven piles made of steel

(insert intermediate values linearly)

Embedment depth Permissible loading in kN 1 )

in the Tubular steel piles 3)
Steel beam piles 1 ) Steel box piles3)
load-bearing
soil width or height in em doraincm 4 )
35

n
m 30 35 or 30 40 or 35 45 or 40
3 - - 350 450 550

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4 - - 450 600 700
5 450 550 550 700 850
6 550 650 650 800 1000
7 600 750 700 900 1100
8 700 850 800 1000 1200

thd
1) 1 kN=0.1 Mp
2) Broad I beams with height: width= 1 : 1 e.g. IPB or PSp profiles (see "Stahl im Hochbau" (Steel in above-ground
building constructions) published by Stahleisen mbH Dusseldorf, see "Betonkalender" (Concrete Calendar),
published by Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Berlin-Munchen; Grundbau-Taschenbuch (Foundation engineering Pocket-
book, Vol. I, 2nd edition, published by Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Berlin-Munchen 1966, Section 2.6: "Wide flanged
steel I beams for piles and piling", Handbook for design and construction, 3rd edition 1960).

wi
3) The figures given in the Table are for piles with enclosed points, where the points are open assume 90% of the
Table figures, if it is certain that a prop of firm earth forms, as support, within the pile.
4) d =Outer diameter of a tubular steel pile or the mean diameter of a joined radially symmetrical pile
a =Mean side length of approx. square or equivalent area rectangular box piles.
n-
Further standards and directives
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DIN 488 Part 1 to Part 6 Reinforcing steel

DIN 1045 Concrete construction and reinforced concrete construction; design and construction
DIN 1048 Part 1 to Part 3 Test methods for concrete
DIN 1050 Steel in above-ground constructions; calculation and constructional details
o

DIN 1052 Part 1 Structures in wood; calculation and construction

DIN 1054 Subsoil; permissible loading of the subsoil (subsequent edition, at present still in draft form)
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DIN 1055 Part 2 Design loads for buildings; parameters of the soil; density, shear strength, wall friction (subsequent
edition, at present still in draft form)
DIN 1164 Part 1 to Part 8 Portland-, iron Portland, blast-furnace- and trass cement
kg

DIN 1626 Part 1 to Part 4 Welded steel pipes made of unalloyed and low alloyed steels for pipelines, vessels and
plant
DIN 1629 Part 1 to Part 4 Seamless pipes made of unalloyed steels for pipelines, vessels and plant
DIN 2448 Seamless steel pipes; dimensions, weights
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DIN 2458 Welded steel pipes; dimensions, weights

DIN 2462 Part 1 and Part 2 (Preliminary Standard) Seamless steel pipes made of stainless steels
DIN 2463 Part 1 and Part 2 (Preliminary Standard) Welded pipes made of austenitic stainless steels
DIN 4021 Part 1 Subsoil; investigation by diggings and borings as well as sampling; indications in the soil
DIN 4021 Part 2 -; indications in rock (at present still in draft form)
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DIN 4021 Part 3 -; investigation of the groundwater (at present still in draft form)
DIN 4022 Part 1 Subsoil and groundwater; designation and description of soil types and rock, stratigraphic
representation for investigations and borings without continuous extraction of cored samples
DIN 4023 Subsoil and water borings, graphical representation of the results (subsequent edition, at present still in
draft form)
DIN 4030 Assessment of liquids, soils and gases aggressive to concrete
DIN 4074 Part 2 Structural wood for wooden structures; quality specifications for circular-section wood (pine and
other coniferous woods)
DIN 4094 Part 1 Subsoil; plant for pressure probing and driver probing, dimensions and mode of operation of the
·plant
DIN 4094 Part 2 (Preliminary Standard) -;operating instructions
 Page 8 DIN 4026

DIN 4099 Part 1 Welding of reinforcing steel; requirements and tests

DIN 4100 Welded steel constructions with predominantly static loading; calculation and constructional details
DIN 4226 Part 1 to Part 3 Aggregate for concrete
DIN 4234 Reinforced concrete masts, regulations for dimensioning and manufacture
DIN 8563 Part 1, Part 2 and Part 3 Assuring the quality of welding work
DIN 17 100 General structural steels; quality specifications

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DIN 18 196 Earthwork; soil classification for building purposes and methods of recognizing soil groups
DIN 52 175 Wood preservation; principles, terms
DIN 68 800 Part 1 to Part 4 Wood preservation in above-ground level structures
Directives for the design and construction of prestressed concrete components (June 1973) obtainable from Beuth Verlag
GmbH, 1000 Berlin 30, 5000 Koln 1 or 6000 Frankfurt/M.

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ith
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en
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kg
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 Specimen printed form 1 according to DIN 4026 Section 6.5
~
~

Minor Pile Driving Report No.: Site:

I----~~---------.~-----P-i-le_l_o_c-at-io-n------r~---------------P-ile--d-at-a---------------r------------------------r-------------------~----------~~
Pile driving plant

w n
Pile driving results
i
~

..!!!
a.
a:;
>
..!!!
"'"'
a:;
>
-
Q)

"'
Cl>
a.
>
.....
·
.....
Q)
...0
.....
.c
.2'
...0
d r a .. Gl
t> E
"' ·-...
a.
E en
Penetrations

ti h
Cl>

- -
Q) Q) c.J
-~
Q)
c: .c ·- c: in the last
(ij_
.c
..... "' "'a. Q) ..... a. ..... ~ ·;
3 hits 4 )
... c:_ .c
Q)
.c
..... z z a. ..... ...0 "E;l 0 'i:
a;-o I Remarks5)
Cl> c: ..!!! 0 "'
-~ c:
..... ..... 0 z z c:n >
..... .c "C ... Cl> (3 minutes)
.0
E ... .Q
.....
a.
.....0 c.J 0
c:n
c: c:
·-
"C
"' "CO
"'
c:
...· .en
... -- ...: Cl>+-'
Q.:J
.OGI
E::
::I a.
:::l Q)

"'
Cl>·-
"'::1' "'c: -(ij
Q)
.c .2 .....
CI>"C
Q)B

"'
Cll"C ...
.2: Q) Q)
E ~
Cl> Q)
>.!:
-"'C:ia...0

w
c "' .0 c: ..... .CCI> .CCI> "C E E ~E
.....
...: Cl>
.....
Cl>
·;: "'X E u
"C
c: o' - ·E
Q)
..... c:n
c:
"C
"'
.....
Cl>"'
Q) E Ea.
"'0
E Q) ...
...... I
0 ::a:; ::a:; c: Cl>
I2 I3
:::l
Cl>
"'
0
Q)
<( z ..: ~ U-c
-
1-
Cl>
0
Q) Q) "'
a.. ... a.. ... a.. :::c"' :::c-t; :::c"' wa.
0
t-o
...
1

-
(/) (/) -l
-- ----- ---- --
cmxcm m m kN') m m kN') em kNm 6 )1 I em/hit (em/min)
Normen-Download-Beuth-Mota-Engil Peru S.A.-KdNr.7832998-LfNr.7190718001-2015-09-22 11:15

-+---+ -·· . -1---- ----+--- --+----+-- 1--

e n
1---+------+---+--·--+· ·-- -+---- -----~-·----

o g ··- ---1.-- -·
---+--·
-r--·
-------1

1----+-----+--+-----+ -----+--- - +

e z ---+-----+-----+- --t-----4- -----+-· ---t----if---+---+---+--+--f---+--------1

--
---+--+---+- -- --

k g
-+ --- -1- ----- -1---+--+-- -+--+---+-------if---+---+--+---+----t--+---+--t---------1

1----+-----+---+--+------+- --

rü c
--+---+-----+ -
. -- - ------- -- -.&---

--+ -- --+- - +-- -

- ---1- -- --+--+----t---+---+--I--+---+---+---+----Jf---------------1

-1-- -t- ----t---+----+---+-_,--t---+----+----+-_,-------1

u
I I I I I I

Checked, found correct:

z Pile driving foreman

1) For wooden piles- mean diameter and base diameter

2) 1 hit= 10 impacts; for rapid stroke hammers insert the values for energy per minute
3) For rapid stroke hammers insert the total pile driving time
Site engineer Place Date
19
0
z
~
0
r-.J
0)

4) For rapid stroke hammers insert the values for minutes "tl
Ill
5) Details of deviation from the pile driving plan, e.g. spacing, inclination, depth, use of jetting etc. (Q
(D
6) 1 kN""" 0.1 Mp tO
 Page 10 DIN 4026

Appendix Specimen printed form 2 according to DIN 4026, Section 6.5

Major Pile Driving Report No.: ................................................

Firm Site .................................................................................................................................... Date .................................._

Pile location Pile data Pile driving plant

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Series: ·······································•············ Kind: ................................................ Type: ···············--·-············
Axis: .....................................................

raw
Hammer type: •.- ............................
No. ............................................................. Cross-section 1 ) ................................ Drop weight
................ emxem forceR: ............. kN6 )
Weight force of
Pile dead load: .................... kN6 )
the driving cap: ................... kN6 )
Kinetic driving Penetration 4 )
Number Height energy Driven

thd
Re-
Ground profile Position of the pile in the soil of of depth marks5)
hits 3 ) ham- per per of
(min- mer hit2) Read- hit the
Inclination: .......................................--···· total
utes) drop 10R· h ing (per pile
(per min)
Type of soil Level as related to NN (sea level) min) 2 )

wi
A
... h l:;A
em/hit
MHW y em kNm•) kNm•) em (em/min) m
~

y
n-
MNW
=
~ I"W
... ~

Firm subsoil y E
ge

(penetration with hammer)

E - n·

...
o

-J>
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Normen-Download-Beuth-Mota-Engil Peru S.A.-KdNr.7832998-LfNr.7190718001-2015-09-22 11:15

L . . .:
kg
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Checked, found correct: 19

Pile driving foreman Site engineer Place Date
1 ) For wooden piles- mean diameter and base diameter.
2 ) 1 hit = 10 impacts; for rapid stroke hammers insert the values for energy per minute.
3 ) For rapid stroke hammers insert the values for minutes.
4) Reading when pile driving by means of guide rod or bar in relation to the land or fixed structures, for floating
(marine) pile drivers from reference structures or by level finding instruments mounted on the land.
5 ) "Remarks" would include such points as: details of any deviation from the pile driving plan, e.g. spacing, inclina-
tion, depth, use of jetting, interruptions of work, damage to the piles during pile driving, for hollow piles: drop of
the level of the soil inside as compared with the level of the ground outside etc.
6) 1 kN,.,. 0.1 Mp
 Specimen printed form 3 according to DIN 4026, Section 6.5
~------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.~

Examples of graphs Site

'tl

Evaluation of the Major Pile Driving Report No. dated . . .....

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.... .......................................... ..........
i
I~

Soil profile
(borehole No ..................)
Position of the pile
in the soil
Pile driving graphs

d r a IA

ti h~111111111111
Level in m Type of soil1) Level in m A in kN m/m 2
) in kN m2 )
; +1,60
+1.00
, 0,00
'I' - 0,85'1--=r"'""y'GW'w"F"'Y/"""/~/Aw/:>".c"w-"'~/1 r 0 ~w~thout} hammer

---
- .....
T,u w
1 ~l:"lth ..

- .~g. ~~
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.,. -4,70 ..••.•

- . - 5 50
' •·····
·!·~
1••• 0.-
mS, fs,g_s, t

e n 'S
"0
5

g 1\
__](_

.•.....
·.···
;•·o·· c: 6
. ....·
·~· ·;::~ 7

o
mS. fs. gs, fg
:·;·:·:
.•... t::l 8

z
, -8,50
Y - 9•80
0

....
• 0
G,x,gs
),~ ' 'h..
Y - 11 ,QQ
1aoo'?.e
0•o"b•
l!,oo•
J.::o•.:
0 0 "oe
1"eo0
gS.fg
gG,x,gs, fg
g e 11

;~IIIII DIHJJJ
k
Y -12,30 0o0• 12
o•• •
...-·.... ; :Hgg~:Y.; I n1 1 1 1 r· 1•
c
•• • •o 1

...
rü
0 2000 4000 6000 0 10000 20000 24000
...
~-:.

·-
gS. Bk, ms, fg Possibly
further driving
Pile location Pile data
A in kN m/m - - -
Pile driving plant
~A
Results
in kNm---

• -17.00 ~~·~::

z u
1 - 4 - - - - - -.....

1 ) For the key to the kinds of soil see DIN 4023,

draft edition February 1973
m--------~~
Series:---
Axis: _ _ __
No.: _ _ __
Inclination:_
Kind of pile: - - -

Cross-section----
---cmxcm
Type:
Hammer type: - - - -
Hammer drop
weight
forceR: kN 2)
Penetrations in last 3 hits

or 3 minutes:
at drop h:
cm/h_its
(cm/mm)
em
c
z
~
,...,
2 ) 1 kN .,.,. 0.1 Mp Pile Driving energy per hit 0)

dead load G: _ _ kN 2) Dead load 10 · R · h (per min) kN m2 )

of the cap: ___ kN 2) "tl
Pile length: m Total energy c!
(I)
~A.. kNm 2
)