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Chapter I
Introduction
heat sealing utilizes a constantly heated die or sealing bar to apply heat to a
package by applying heat and pressure on two polymer films for a specified dwell
time. The heat sealing process has been used in packaging of a wide spectrum
of products, in particular for food packaging. During the past two decades, heat
sealing machinery has been developed for very high speed line production which
weight distribution, long and short chain branching are the key factors that control
the final quality of the joint. The final package integrity ultimately depends on the
seal quality. The seal protects the product from environmental influences and
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it will result to good sealed packaging, if too much time the plastic will burnt.
In this project the automation of sealing process occurred, with the help of
conveyor, sensors, and the display all of this controlled of Arduino Uno.
Theoretical Framework
analyse our research question. This section is devoted to discussing the major
changes from the manual process that can be found in the small company.
company like NUTRISNACK FOOD CORPORATION they claimed that they use
automatic sealer but then still use the manual at the same time.
Upon interviewing the workers they also said that they don’t have
counter they manually count the finish product to the box and transfer it to the
warehouse.
Automatic sealing
Automatic tube type With Circuitry
& Manually sealing Automatically shut
No Counter down when no product
detected.
Display Counter
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Figure 1.1 shows the main comparisons between the existing and proposed
project.
Conceptual Framework
It shows that the existing system from Nutritive Snack Food Corporation.
Existing System:
Figure 1.2
Figure 1.2 shows the existing scenario on Nutritive Snack Corporation they have
automatic sealer with cutting. This existing automatic device from Nutritive Snack
Corp. produce also defect product also known as ‘reject’ that is why they operate
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Figure 1.3
Figure 1.3 shows the proposed system of an Automated Dry Snack Sealer. It has
a conveyor unlike to the existing tube type, at the other end of conveyor is where
the sealer is located. The design project has a jaw type sealer the upper part of
bar sealer is pulled by the servo whenever there’s object being detected. All of
We all want the good packaging on our food, where everyone will enjoy
But today even we living in the modern world technology there still companies
operate manual sealing process and produces weak and poor sealed packaging,
Poor sealed may cause problem both to the consumer and company.
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For the consumer it might cause to food poisoning, which could result in lost
reputation.
To solve this, we the researcher proposed this project Automated Dry Snack
Sealer for those small companies who made snack that still rely on the manual
Figure 1.4
Figure 1.4 shows that the flowchart on how the Automated Dry Snack Sealer
The process starts with the product placed on the conveyor, and then the it will
stop the product will be seal, and it will fall in the box when the conveyor will
continue to move.
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This proposed device will hopefully serve and be beneficial to the following:
To the End Users: Time is very important in industry, as this device may help to
consume time very well. It can also minimize the errors, a common occurrence
To the Researchers: We, the proponent developed this project with our
To the Future Researchers: For the future researcher who will look information
from our device will benefit very well, We make sure that all the parts are
available and also the researcher only used Arduino IDE ( Integrated
Scope
This study covers only the innovation of Impulse sealer instead of manual
process which is you need to exert force, this device is design for dry snacks
only, It has also a counter to represent the numbers of product that being sealed.
Delimitation
The proposed project is designed only to seal the plastic bag with dry snack
inside. The device will automatically shut down when there is no object being
Definition of terms
from a layer fixed to a flat insulating sheet called a printed circuit board,
between them.
way.
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CHAPTER II
FOREIGN LITERATURES
SEALING TECHNOLOGY
Russ Pimblett - FTL Technology.
MAY 2017
To summarize, sealing in the food industry is not simply a matter of regulatory
when selecting sealing products and seal suppliers potentially put at risk the
consumer and food production operatives. Ensuring that products are traceable,
compliant and used in the correct manner can significantly reduce risk. It all helps
to ensure the safety and longevity of products and food production alike.
https://www.ftl.technology/products
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Manual Sealers
Impulse sealers can be divided into two categories: manual and automatic
sealers. Manual sealers are operated by a human user, who must physically
place a bag in the jaws of the sealer and push them closed, then remove the
sealed bag. These are generally the size of a stapler and sit on a table or
desktop for use.
Automatic Sealers
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What is the problem? Weak seals? Fracturing? Leakers? Etc. Where does it
occur? Leading or trailing seal? Every package? Every wrapper? Etc. When did it
first occur? When does it happen now? With all films? With all products? At all
line speeds? Etc. During initial set up we want to identify improper adjustments,
machine problems, processing inconsistencies, crimper design deficiencies or
any other issue that may be hindering or preventing the desired results. When
the problem occurs after some period of running with no difficulties our objective
is to find out what changed. Every situation is unique, and there are many factors
that serve to determine the best procedure, but we have attempted to present the
following solutions in a practical sequence, beginning with the more likely
possibilities. We also describe most solutions in broad strokes, since space does
not permit a detailed description of every procedure and adjustment.
1) PROBLEM- There is fracturing in the fin fold area of the endseal on most
packages. The fin fold area, with its doubled film thickness (four layers of
film vs. two on the rest of the endseal), is the most common location for
seal problems.
2) The packages look fine, but there are leaks in the fin fold area on the
endseal.
3) PROBLEM- The end seal is splitting or leaking, but only on some of the
packages.
4) Problem- A seal quality problem (film splitting, distortion, leaking seals,
etc.) occurs on a wrapper that had been running fine up to that point.
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FOREIGN STUDY
UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTRÉAL
ÉCOLE POLYTECHNIQUE DE MONTRÉAL
CONTROL AND OPTIMIZATION OF SEALING LAYER IN FILMS
NAJARZADEH Zahra
Heat sealing
The process to achieve the hermetic closure of a package by applying heat and
pressure on two polymer films for a specified dwell time. The heat sealing
process has been used in packaging of a wide spectrum of products, in particular
for food packaging. During the past two decades, heat sealing machinery has
been developed for very high speed line production which requires very precise
process condition and material optimization. Heat seal process conditions,
including temperature, dwell time, and pressure as well as film characteristics
such as molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, long and short chain
branching are the key factors that control the final quality of the joint.
Heat sealing is bonding two polymer surfaces while applying heat and pressure
for a certain period of time. In heat sealing the surfaces are forced into intimate
contact while they are in at least a partially molten state (Theller, 1989). There
are several methods of heat sealing. The main differences between the common
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types of seal methods are in how they supply the energy and/or pressure to the
sealant in the seal area. In impulse-sealing, heat is supplied by sending an
electrical impulse into a resistant wire or ribbon. In dielectric sealing which is
specified for polar sealants, energy is provided by an alternating electrical field
which heats up polar sealants. In laser sealing energy is provided by laser
radiation and the sealing area absorbs heat from the laser light. In ultrasonic
sealing energy is provided by friction of the sealants due to ultrasonic vibrations.
Cold sealing is when the seal is achieved without heat and only by adding
mechanical pressure. It is the alternative for heat sensitive products (Selke et al.,
2004). Conductance sealers, also named as conductive sealer or heated bar
sealer, are the most common type of heat sealers in commercial usages. This
system typically consist of two metal jaws, one or both of which are electrically
heated. (See Figure 2-1) Two films are brought into intimate contact by heated
jaws and thus are bonded. The bar sealing is the subject of this study which uses
the least expensive equipment compared to others, and it is the most preferred
technique.
Seal strength
Seal strength is the required force to separate the two sealed adherents.
Measurement of seal strength between thin films is generally done using T-peel
tests. As illustrated in Figure 2-4, the two legs of a test specimen are pulled at a
certain rate and a force/width versus extension curve is obtained. Seal strength is
defined as the average force per unit width of seal required to separate
progressively two adhered specimens in T-peel test.
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2 Heat seal process parameters Heat seal process parameters are the conditions of
heat sealing. Temperature, dwell time, and pressure are recognized as the most
important seal process variables (Gardon, 1963a, 1963b; Stokes, 1989). The adjustment
of these three parameters controls the final seal properties.
Local Literature
https://mrfunanimous.wordpress.com/2013/01/31/junkfood-nostalgia-pinoy-classic-chichirya/
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LOCAL STUDY
CALABARZON REGION
FOOD SAFETY
In this regard, Food Safety has been one of the flagship programs of DOST
CALABARZON. This program aims to provide technical assistance to the SMEs in
the region. Realizing the expanse of this task, DOST strategized to augment its
manpower by developing Food Safety Team (FST) from the different provinces of
the region.
The effect of bar sealing parameters on the heat seal strength of oriented
polypropylene (OPP)/metallic cast polypropylene (MCPP) laminate film was
investigated. Based on the results obtained from the parametric study, a bar
sealing process window was developed. All points drop within the process
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window are combinations of platen temperature and dwell time that produce
acceptable heat seal. Optimum combinations are indicated by the lower border of
the window. The plateau initiation temperature, Tpi of OPP/MCPP laminate film
used in the present study occurred before the final melting temperature, Tmf of
the sealant material. The highest achievable heat seal strength was at the
plateau region, and the corresponding failure modes were delaminating, tearing
or combine failure modes (delaminating and tearing). Minimum pressure level of
1.25 bars is necessary to bring the laminate interface into intimate contact in
order to effect sealing.
Synthesis:
Sealing process is very important in order to make our food fresh and safe,
company who made products has an accountability to their consumer if there are
problem with their sealed products. Based on their study UNIVERSITÉ DE
MONTRÉALÉCOLE POLYTECHNIQUE DE MONTRÉAL.
In order to make a good quality of sealed products it need a pressure and
enough time. Also there are different types of plastic that they discuss and it
requires a different temperature as well as time. Poor sealed has an effect on our
food like a blogger said that the food with weak packaging has a tensile
characteristic. In this project we use bar shape sealer, Also from UNIVERSITÉ
DE MONTRÉALÉCOLE POLYTECHNIQUE DE MONTRÉAL state that they do
a T-peel test which is very applicable to our device to test the final product if the
output of our device is good.
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Chapter III
This chapter explains the research design and locale, the respondents of the
statistical computation.
Research Design
The project study focus on the making of proposed title. The design project is
dependent to the installed Arduino UNO and other components. In this project
the purpose of the whole project is for demonstrating the process of automatic
sealing using robotic arm that actually happened nowadays in companies here in
the Philippines.
Research Locale
The research was made, located #58 Gen. Luis (Nutritive Snack Food
Corporation). Surveys and interviews were made on the stated areas knowing
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Respondents are specified by their gender, age bracket, and by their status.
This is for us to know more about their understanding in our project study. We
Nutritive Snack Food Corporation response in our survey whether they are
knowledgeable or not.
Research Methodology
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Brainstorming
This helps us to come up with all the ideas that we had. Every
begins.
Library Visit
that have been made. Given with their books, journals, newspaper
and magazines that was related in our studies, we had gathered all
Internet Research
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Research Instrument
Survey
Experimentation
After collecting of data, this must be applied. The researchers use this
method to determine the ability of the proposed device in performing its function.
The researchers must apply the trial and error method to make the device work
Distribution with all the gathered data, this is used to determine the percentage
for data profiling. This includes the number of respondents, and their responses.
Formula:
P= F/N ×100
Where
N = total number of respondents
P = percentage
F = number of respondent’s response X100 = constant multiplier
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CHAPTER IV
This chapter shows the result of the respondent’s responses, its analysis, and
interpretation.
Table 4.1
Male 10 50%
Female 10 50%
Total 20 100%
Based on the survey, there are more males than females answered our survey at
SJTCP.
15 GENDER
10 10
10
0
Male Female
Male Female
Graph 4.1
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Table 4.2
Total 10 100%
Based on the survey, it only shows that the average age of from 25-18 below
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Age Bracket
35%
30%
30%
25%
25%
20%
20%
15%
10% 10% 10% 10%
10%
5%
0%
0%
25-below 26-30 31-35 36-40 41-45 46-50 51-56 56-above
Series 1 30% 10% 20% 25% 10% 10% 10% 0%
Axis Title
Graph 4.2
Table 4.3
Single 10 50%
Marriage 9 45%
Separated 1 5%
Widow 0 0
Total 20 100%
The result of the survey shows that there are more single operators than married.
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Question no. 1
Table 4.6
Question No. 1
Aware 17 85%
Neutral 3 15%
Not Aware - -
Total 20 100%
Graph 4.6
Question No. 1
2%
15%
85%
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From the total number of respondent 85%, Aware, 15% Neutral said the
Question No. 2
Table 4.7
Question No.2
Neutral 2 10%
Not Aware - -
Total 20 100%
Graph 4.7
Question no.2
28%
12%
59%
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Graph 4.7 shows that most of respondent 90% says that they are familiar with
Question 3
Table 4.8
Question No.3
Aware 20 100%
Neutral - -
Not Aware - -
Total 20 100%
Graph 4.8
Question No. 3
0%
100%
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Graph 4.8 shows that 100% of respondent says that they are aware of
Question 4.
Table 4.8
Question No.4
Agree 20 100%
Neutral - -
Disagree - -
Total 20 100%
Graph 4.8
Question 4.
0%
100%
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Graph 4.8 shows that 100% of the respondent says that they’re aware about the
Question 5.
Table 4.9
Question No.5
Aware 20 100%
Neutral - -
Not Aware - -
Total 20 100%
Question No. 5
0%
100%
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Graph 4.9
Graph 4.9 shows that 100% of the respondent says that they aware to the Back
Order products.
B. Understanding
6. Do you believe that automated snack sealer will be more productive than
human?
Table 4.10
Question No.6
Agree 12 60%
Neutral 8 40%
Disagree
Total 20 100%
Graph 4.10
Question No.6
0%
40%
60%
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Graph 4.10 shows that 90% of the respondent says that it would be more
Question No. 7
Table 4.10
Question No.7
Agree 15 75%
Neutral 5 25%
Disagree - -
Total 20 100%
Graph 4.10
Question No. 7
0%
25%
85%
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Graph 4.10 shows that 85% of the respondent says that Automatic Dry Snack
Question No. 8
Do you believe that automated snack sealer will benefits the owner?
Table 4.11
Question No.8
Agree 18 90%
Neutral 2 10%
Disagree - -
Total 20 100%
Graph 4.11
Question No.8
0%
10%
90%
Graph 4.11 shows that all of the respondent with the percentage of 90% believe
that this device will give more benefit to the company owner.
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Question No. 9
Table 4.12
Question No.9
Neutral - -
I don’t believe - -
Total 20 100%
Graph 4.12
Question No.9
0%
100%
Graph 4.12 , in this graph shows that 100% of the respondent believe that sealer
is safe to use.
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Question No. 10
Table 4.13
Question No.10
Agree 19 95%
Neutral 1 5%
Disagree - -
Total 20 100%
Sales
5%0%
95%
Graph 4.13
Graph 4.13, 95% of the respondent says that the project is effective.
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C. Participation
Question No. 11
Table 4.14
Question No.10
Agree 19 95%
Neutral 1 5%
Disagree - -
Total 20 100%
Graph 4.14
Question No. 11
5%
0%
95%
Graph 4.14 95% of the respondent agreed about encountering the poor sealed
snack.
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Question No. 12
Table 4.15
Question No.12
Agree 13 65%
Neutral 5 25%
Disagree 2 10%
Total 20 100%
Graph 4.15
Question No. 12
10%
25%
65%
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Graph 4.15 shows that majority of the respondent 65% says that they tried the
manual sealer. 10% says that they are not while 25% of respondent sure if they
tried sealer.
Question No. 13
Table 4.16
Question No.13
Agree 18 90%
Neutral 1 5%
Disagree 1 5%
Total 20 100%
Graph 4.17
Question No.13
5% 5%
90%
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Graph 4.17 90% of respondent believe that this device is more effective and
Question No. 14
Do you agree that this device will 100% sealed the snack?
Table 4.18
Question No.14
Agree 16 80%
Neutral 4 20%
Disagree - -
Total 20 100%
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Graph 4.18
Question No, 14
0%
20%
80%
Graph 4.18 shows that 80% of the respondent are said that this device can
Question No. 15
Are you agree about putting additional features such as counter and automatic
Question No.14
Agree 20 100%
Neutral - -
Disagree - -
Total 20 100%
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Graph 4.20
Question No. 15
0%
100%
Graph 4.20 show that 100% of respondent are agreed to add features of the
device.
did not consider selecting subjects that are representative of the entire
respondents. Surveys are handed out to those who is there during the
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the data to answer the specific problem of the study to what things should
used to obtain their views and insight for the improvement of the study.
which facilitated statistical results for analysing them. This was a method by
data point or grouping of data point; and then diving the data point by the
Formula:
𝐹
𝑃= × 100
𝑁
Where
P = percentage
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where instead of each of the data points contributed equally to the final
average, some data points contributed more than the others. This is used
Formula:
Σ𝑓𝑥
𝑊𝑥 =
𝑁
Where:
Σ = summation
x = scale
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Chapter V
Summary of Findings
The reason why we choose this title project is to demonstrate the process of
sealing in plastic with dry snack on it. We, the proponents used what we learned
only one shot surveys questionnaires simply because the time is limited.
Performing a survey on the companies that related to our study would take for us
so long to accomplish this project because the workers has only 15mins break.
All in all this device is working and produces good and quality output.
Conclusions
With all of the findings from the information and data gathered, we’d came up
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The researchers conclude that this device can seal different types of
Recommendations
cover.
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APPENDIX A
5
2
Project Description
1. Sealer Section
2. Circuit Box
3. Conveyor
4. Servo Motor
5. IR sensor
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APPENDIX B
User’s Manual
Then the robotic arm will move as well as the conveyor and start the
process.
Bill of Materials
MATERIAL COSTING
ITEM QTY UNIT AMOUNT
PRICE
AC/DC 1PC 100 100
ADAPTER Pesos
M/F JUMPER 2 PCS 30 60 Php
IR SENSOR 2 PCS 70 140 Php
6V GEARED 2 PCS 130 260 Php
MOTOR
WIRE 2M 5 10Php TOTAL : 4,616 Pesos
5MM 4PCS 50 200Php
BEARING
SHOE GLUE 15 PCS 10 150Php
GLUE STICK 8 PCS 8 64 Php
L2310 DC 1 PCS 70 70Php
MOTOR
CONTROL
UNIVERAL 1PC 70 70Php
PCB& HEAT
SINK
RC2 SWITCH 1PC 15 15Php
NICHROME 1 ROLL 50 50Php
WIRE
HI-TEMP 1PC 150 150Php
PAINT
GLUE GUN 1PC 45 45Php
ARDUINO 1PC 400 400Php.
MEGA2560
BELT 4PCS 42 168Php.
SOLID 10 5 50Php.
WIRES YARDS
ROBOTIC 1 1650 1650PhP.
ARM
Miscellaneous 964PhP.
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Schematic Diagram
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Division of Labor
surpassed all the difficulties by distributing each and every task within the
given time table. Each member has been given responsibilities to work on
their assignments.
Project Research
Proposal Presentation
Documentation
o Mallete
Purchasing of Materials
Hardware
o De Leon, , Liquido
Software
o Jordan
Prototype
Defense Presentation
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Project Research
Proposal Presentation
Documentation
Purchasing of Materials
Hardware
Software Prototype
Defense
Legend
De Leon
Mallete
Jordan
Liquido
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______________________________________________________________________
_______
I. Personal Information
Age: 19
Sex: F
Date of Birth: August 23, 1998
Place of Birth: Quezon City
Civil Status: Single
Height: 5’5”
Weight: 45kg
Religion: Roman Catholic
Citizenship: Filipino
Father’s Name: Benjamin Mallete
Occupation: Chief Mechanic/Driver
Mother’s Name: Juvy Mallete
Occupation : Businesswoman/Vendor
Secondary
Novaliches High School
2011-2015
Tertiary
St. John Technological College of the Philippines
2015-Present
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______________________________________________________________________
________
Age: 19
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: September 6 1999
Place of Birth: East Ave Medical Center
Civil Status: Single
Height: 5’4”
Weight: 55kg
Religion: Roman Catholic
Citizenship: Filipino
Father’s Name: Flavio Jordan
Occupation: OFW
Mother’s Name: Liezl Jordan
Occupation: House Wife
Secondary
North Fairview High School
2011-2015
Tertiary
St. John Technological College of the Philippines
2015-Present
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LIQUIDO, WILBERT
5 STAR IND COMPLEX DELA CRUZ QST. NOVALICHES
QUEZON CITY
Contact No.:09488839143
______________________________________________________________________
________
V. Personal Information
Age: 21
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: Nov. 8 1997
Place of Birth: Quezon City
Civil Status: Single
Height: 5’5”
Weight: 67kg
Religion: Roman Catholic
Citizenship: Filipino
Father’s Name: William Flores Liquido
Occupation: Welder
Mother’s Name: Judith Gamil Liquido
Occupation: House Wife
Secondary
Caybiga High School
2010-2014
Tertiary
St. John Technological College of the Philippines
2015-Present
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DE LEON, RAYMOND L.
135 Lower Gulod Sauyo Nova. Q.C
09396197704
raymonddeleon8@gmail.com
______________________________________________________________________
I. Personal Information
Age: 21
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: Sept. 24 1998
Place of Birth: Manila
Civil Status: Single
Height: 5’5”
Weight: 67kg
Religion: Muslim
Citizenship: Filipino
Father’s Name: Jose Rommel De Leon
Occupation: OFW
Mother’s Name: Vida De Leon
Occupation: House Wife
Secondary
Sauyo High School
2010-2014
Tertiary
St. John Technological College of the Philippines
2015-Present
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