Recommended Review– List of structures

UPPER EXTREMITY  Pectoralis major

 Pectoralis minor
Bone, joints & ligaments  Latissiumus dorsi
 Sternoclavicular joints & ligaments  Latissimus dorsi & pect major attachments
 1st rib attachment (‘’miss between the 2 majors’’)
 Clavicle  Serratus anterior
 Acromioclavicular joint & ligaments  Trapezius (upper, middle, lower)
 Coracoacromial ligament  Rhomboids major and minor
 Trapezoid ligament  Levator scapula
 Conoid ligament  Deltoid
 Scapula  Supraspinatus
o Glenoid cavity  Infraspinatus
o Spine  Teres minor
o Borders & angles  Teres major
o Supraspinatus & infraspinatus  Subscapularis
fossas  Coracobrachialis
o Acromion  Brachialis
 Humerus  Biceps brachii (long & short head)
o Head, neck & shaft  Triceps brachii (3 heads)
o Greater tuberosity  Supinator
o Bicipital groove  Pronator teres & quadratus
o Lesser tuberosity  Common flexors tendon
o Lateral & medial epicondyle  Flexor carpi radialis
o Trochlea & Capitulum
 Palmaris longus
 Glenoid labrum
 Flexor carpi ulnaris
 Glenohumeral ligaments
 Flexor digitorum superficialis
 Transverse humeral igaments
 Flexor digitorum profondus
 Radius
 Flexor pollicis longus
o Radial head & Annular ligament
 Brachioradialis
o Radial tuberosity
 Common extensors tendon
o Radial styloid process
 Extensor carpi radialis longus
 Ulna
 Extensor carpi radialis brevis
o Olecranon
o Trochlear notch  Extensor digitorum
o Ulna tuberosity  Extensor carpi ulnaris
o Ulnar styloid process  Extensor digiti minimi
 Lateral collateral ligament of the elbow  Extensor indicis
 Medial collateral ligament of the elbow  Anatomical snuff box : abductor pollicis
 Carpal bones: trapezium, trapezoid, longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor
capitate, hamate, scaphoid, lunate, pollicis longus
triquetrum, pisiform  Structures passing thru carpal tunnel
 Triangular fibrocartilaginous complex (TFCC)  Flexor tendon attachments in fingers
 Metacarpals  Extensor tendon attachment in fingers
 Phalanges  Pulley system

Muscles Muscles con’t

 Recommended Review– List of structures

 Muscles of hand
o Thenar muscles
o Hypothenar muscles
o Interossei
o Lumbricals

Nerves
 Brachial Plexus
 Axillary nerve
 Suprascapular nerve
 Long thoracic nerve
 Thoracodorsal nerve
 Ulnar nerve at the elbow and wrist
 Radial nerve at elbow (superficial and deep
branches)
 Median nerve at the elbow and wrist

Arteries
 Axillary artery & branches
 Brachial artery (at elbow notice TAN:
tendon, artery, nerve from lateral to
medial)
 Ulnar artery
 Radial artery

BACK & ABDOMEN

Bone, joints, ligaments
 Structures of the cervical vertebra
 Structures of the thoracic vertebra
 Structures of the lumbar vertebra
 Disc (annulus fibrosus & nucleus pulposus)
 Zygapophyseal joints (Z-joints)
 Spinal canal

Muscles
 Erector spinae
 Rectus abdominus
 External oblique
 Internal oblique
 Multifidus
 Tranverse abdominus
 Recommended Review– List of structures

LOWER EXTREMITY o Anterior talofibular lig

o Calcaneofibular lig
Bone, joints & ligaments o Posterior talofibular lig
 Pelvis  Plantar calcaneo-navicular ligament (spring)
o Body of ilium  Plantar fascia
o Iliac crest  Bones of the foot: talus (body, head &
o ASIS neck), calcaneus, navicular, cuboid, medial +
o AIIS intermediate + lateral cuneiforms
o PSIS  Metatarsal bones
o Ischiopubic ramus  Phalanges
o Ischial tuberosity
o Pubic symphysis Muscles
o Superior and inferior rami of pubis  Iliopsoas
o Obturator foramen  Pectineus
o Acetabulum  Adductor longus
 Sacroiliac joints  Adductor brevis
 Femur  Adductor magnus
o Head, neck & shaft  Gracilis
o Greater trochanter  Sartorius
o Lesser trochanter  Obturator externus
o Medial & lateral condyle  Quadriceps & attachments
o Medial & lateral epicondyle  Gluteus maximus
o Adductor tubercle  Gluteus medius
 Hip ligaments: iliofemoral, pubofemoral,  Gluteus minimus
ischiofemoral
 Tensor fascia lata & iliotibial band
 Ligament of head of the femur
 Piriformis
 Medial collateral ligament of knee
 Obturator internus
 Lateral collateral ligament of the knee
 Superior and inferior gemelli
 Anterior cruciate ligament
 Quadratus femoris
 Posterior cruciate ligament
 Hamstrings & attachments
 Medial & lateral meniscus
 Pes anserine : sartorius, gracilis,
 Patella semitendinosus
 Tibia  Popliteus muscle
o Medial and lateral condyles
 Gastrocnemius
o Tibial plateau (medial & lateral)
 Soleus
o Tibial tuberosity
 Plantaris
o Medial malleolus
 Tibialis posterior
 Fibula
 Flexor digitorum
o Head of the fibula
o Lateral malleolus  Flexor hallucis longus
 Superior tibiofibular joint & ligaments  Tibialis anterior
 Inferior tibiofibular joint & ligaments  Extensor digitorum
 Deltoid ligament at ankle  Extensor hallucis longus
o Anterior & posterior tibiotalar lig  Fibularis tertius
o Tibionavicular lig  Fibularis longus
o Tibiocalcaneal lig  Fibularis brevis
 Lateral ligament at ankle Muscles con’t
 Recommended Review– List of structures

 Lateral view of ankle: fibularis longus and

brevis tendon
 Medial view of the ankle: tibialis posterior,
flexor digitorum longus, posterior tibial
artery, tibial nerve, flexor hallucis longus
 Extensor digitorum brevis
 Muscles of the foot
o Abductor hallucis
o Flexor digitorum brevis
o Abductor digiti minimi
o Lumbricals
o Flexor hallucis brevis
o Adductor hallucis
o Flexor digiti minimi brevis
o Plantar interossei
o Dorsal interossei

Nerves
 Superior and inferior gluteal nerves
 Sciatic nerve in buttock
 Femoral nerve (femoral triangle: nerve,
artery, vein from lateral to medial)
 Tibial nerve (posterior knee: nerve, vein,
artery from lateral to medial)
 Common fibular nerve (superficial & deep
branch)
 Medial plantar nerve
 Lateral plantar nerve

Arteries
 Femoral artery (see above femoral triangle)
 Popliteal artery
 Anterior tibial artery
 Posterior tibial artery (see above medial
view of ankle)
 Fibular artery
 Dorsalis pedis artery