RENR4259-02

January 2002

Systems Operation
D6R Series II Track-Type Tractor
Hydraulic System
BLE1-Up (Machine)
BMJ1-Up (Machine)

Finger Tip Control (FTC)

 i01658146

Important Safety Information

Most accidents that involve product operation, maintenance and repair are caused by failure to
observe basic safety rules or precautions. An accident can often be avoided by recognizing potentially
hazardous situations before an accident occurs. A person must be alert to potential hazards. This
person should also have the necessary training, skills and tools to perform these functions properly.
Improper operation, lubrication, maintenance or repair of this product can be dangerous and
could result in injury or death.
Do not operate or perform any lubrication, maintenance or repair on this product, until you have
read and understood the operation, lubrication, maintenance and repair information.
Safety precautions and warnings are provided in this manual and on the product. If these hazard
warnings are not heeded, bodily injury or death could occur to you or to other persons.
The hazards are identified by the “Safety Alert Symbol” and followed by a “Signal Word” such as
“DANGER”, “WARNING” or “CAUTION”. The Safety Alert “WARNING” label is shown below.

The meaning of this safety alert symbol is as follows:

Attention! Become Alert! Your Safety is Involved.
The message that appears under the warning explains the hazard and can be either written or
pictorially presented.
Operations that may cause product damage are identified by “NOTICE” labels on the product and in
this publication.
Caterpillar cannot anticipate every possible circumstance that might involve a potential hazard. The
warnings in this publication and on the product are, therefore, not all inclusive. If a tool, procedure,
work method or operating technique that is not specifically recommended by Caterpillar is used,
you must satisfy yourself that it is safe for you and for others. You should also ensure that the
product will not be damaged or be made unsafe by the operation, lubrication, maintenance or
repair procedures that you choose.
The information, specifications, and illustrations in this publication are on the basis of information that
was available at the time that the publication was written. The specifications, torques, pressures,
measurements, adjustments, illustrations, and other items can change at any time. These changes can
affect the service that is given to the product. Obtain the complete and most current information before
you start any job. Caterpillar dealers have the most current information available.

When replacement parts are required for this

product Caterpillar recommends using Caterpil-
lar replacement parts or parts with equivalent
specifications including, but not limited to, phys-
ical dimensions, type, strength and material.

Failure to heed this warning can lead to prema-

ture failures, product damage, personal injury or
death.
 3
Table of Contents

Table of Contents
Systems Operation Section
General Information .............................................. 4
Bulldozer Lift Control Valve .................................. 7
Bulldozer Tilt Control Valve .................................. 18
Hydraulic Pump - Piston ...................................... 24
Implement Control Valve ...................................... 32
Signal Resolver Network ..................................... 33
Main Relief Valve ................................................. 34
Pilot Hydraulic System .......................................... 35
Accumulator ......................................................... 38
Pressure Reducing Valve ..................................... 39
Ripper Lift Control Valve ...................................... 41
Quick-Drop Valve .................................................. 48
Oil Cooler and Bypass Valve ................................ 52
Hydraulic Tank and Filter ..................................... 53

Index Section
Index ..................................................................... 56
4
Systems Operation Section

Systems Operation Section

i01662723

General Information
SMCS Code: 5050

References
Reference: Specifications, “D6R Series II Track-Type
Tractor Hydraulic System”

Reference: Schematic, “D6R Series II Track-Type

Tractor Hydraulic System”

Reference: Testing and Adjusting, “D6R Series II

Track-Type Tractor Hydraulic System”
 5
Systems Operation Section

Implement Hydraulic System

g00826258
Illustration 1
Components of the hydraulic system
(1) Bulldozer lift cylinders (7) Bulldozer lift control valve (13) Pressure reducing valve
(2) Quick-drop valve (8) Inlet manifold (14) Accumulator
(3) Bulldozer tilt cylinder (9) Ripper cylinder (15) Hydraulic tank and filters
(4) End plate (10) Ripper control lever (16) Implement hydraulic pump
(5) Ripper lift control valve (11) Bulldozer control lever
(6) Bulldozer tilt control valve (12) Shutoff valve

The hydraulic system controls the bulldozer and the

ripper (if equipped). The hydraulic system is a load
sensing, pressure compensated system. In a load
sensing, pressure compensated system, oil flow
does not change according to the load conditions.
Cylinder speeds remain constant under all load
conditions.

g00551238
Illustration 2
(10) Pilot control lever (ripper)
(11) Pilot control lever (bulldozer)
(12) Shutoff valve
6
Systems Operation Section

Operator control of the bulldozer is accomplished
by using pilot control lever (11). Operator control of
the ripper (if equipped) is accomplished by using
pilot control lever (10).
When the pilot control lever is moved to an operating
position, the hydraulic pilot oil circuit instructs the
implement control valve to send pressure oil to the
cylinder.
The control valves for the bulldozer and the ripper
(if equipped) are controlled by the pilot control
system. The bulldozer lift control valve has four
positions: RAISE, HOLD, LOWER, and FLOAT.
FLOAT is a detent position.
The bulldozer tilt control valve has three positions:
TILT RIGHT, HOLD, and TILT LEFT.
The ripper lift control valve has three positions:
RAISE, HOLD, and LOWER.

In order to keep the pressure in the system at a

minimum, the pump destrokes. Higher oil pressure
is not needed in the system until a control lever is
moved to an operating position.

g00584264
Illustration 3
(13) Manifold and reducing valve
(14) Accumulator

Manifold and reducing valve (13) supplies pilot

oil to the control valves for the bulldozer and the
attachments. The manifold and reducing valve
includes a screen, a relief valve, a check valve, and
an attached accumulator (14). The accumulator
and the check valve are used to maintain supply
pressure during momentary drops in system
pressure.

A shutoff valve is located between the pressure

reducing valve and the pilot control valves. Pilot
supply oil from the manifold and reducing valve
enters shutoff valve (12). In the UNLOCK position,
shutoff valve (12) directs pilot supply oil to the pilot
control valve. In the LOCK position, the line from the
pressure reducing valve is blocked and the line to
the pilot control valves is diverted to the hydraulic
tank. This allows the oil from the pilot control valves
to drain to the hydraulic tank. Also, when the knob
is turned to the LOCK position a switch deactivates
a coil on the pilot valve and another switch activates
a lamp on the instrument panel. When the coil is
activated, the coil is used to hold the bulldozer
control lever in the FLOAT position.

The valve stack has an inlet manifold (8) and an

end cover (4). The valve stack can have as many
as three control sections. Refer to Illustration 1.

i01662929
Bulldozer Lift Control Valve
SMCS Code: 5051; 5115; 5136
General Information
Illustration 4
When the machine is equipped with a bulldozer
blade, the bulldozer lift control valve is the first
valve in the valve stack. The bulldozer lift control
valve controls the vertical movement of the
bulldozer blade. The control valve includes these
components: control valve spool (3), makeup valve
(7), resolver (13), and load check valve (17).
The bulldozer lift control valve is a spring centered
valve. Control valve spool (3) is a closed center
spool and a pilot operated spool with four positions:
RAISE, HOLD, LOWER, and FLOAT. Spring (1)
keeps the spool in HOLD position when the
bulldozer circuit is not active. Movement of the
spool is controlled by the pilot control system. The
pilot control system connects the bulldozer control
lever to control valve spool (3).
7
Systems Operation Section
g00858317
Resolver (13) is a two-way check valve. The
functions of the resolver and of the control valve
spool are described in the sections on positions of
the control valve. Descriptions for load check valve
(17) and makeup valve (7) are in separate sections.
Load Check Valve
Load check valve (17) prevents reverse oil flow in
the lift cylinders, which can cause cylinder drift or
load loss. The load check valve does not open until
pump oil pressure in chamber (15) becomes greater
than the force of the spring for the load check valve
and the cylinder oil pressure in passage (16).
8
Systems Operation Section

Makeup Valve
Makeup valve (7) is in the head end of the lift circuit.
The makeup valve opens when cylinder oil pressure
in passage (6) drops 14 kPa (2 psi) below the return
oil pressure in outlet passage (5). Makeup valve (7)
adds return oil in outlet passage (5) to cylinder oil in
passage (6). The additional oil prevents cavitation
(vacuum) in the lift cylinders.

Basic Valve Operation

 9
Systems Operation Section
10
Systems Operation Section

g00858385
Illustration 5
 11
Systems Operation Section

g00858317
Illustration 6

When the control valve spools are in the HOLD

position, pump oil flows to inlet passage (14). This
passage is common to all sections of the valve
stack. Since all the valve spools are in the HOLD
position, pump oil fills the parallel oil passages of
the control valves. The pump maintains oil pressure
at 2950 kPa (410 psi). Passage (8), chamber
(9), resolver (13), and passage (18) are drained.
Passages (4), (6), and (16) are blocked.
12
Systems Operation Section

g00858416
Illustration 7
 13
Systems Operation Section

g00858332
Illustration 8

When pilot control pressure causes control valve

spool (3) to move to the RAISE position, cylinder
oil from passage (4) flows through passage (2) to
chamber (9). The oil functions as signal oil. The
signal oil opens resolver (13) and flows through
the inlet manifold to the compensator valve on the
pump.

The increase of pump oil flow to inlet passage (14)

opens load check valve (17). The oil flows through
load check valve (17). The oil then flows through
passage (16) around control valve spool (3) and
out passage (4) to the rod ends of the lift cylinders.
The oil flow to the rod end of the lift cylinders raises
the bulldozer blade.

Return oil from the head end of the lift cylinders

flows through passage (6), around control valve
spool (3) and through outlet passage (8) to the oil
tank.
14
Systems Operation Section

g00858440
Illustration 9
 15
Systems Operation Section

g00858338
Illustration 10

When pilot control pressure causes control valve

spool (3) to move to the LOWER position, cylinder
oil from passage (6) flows through passage (2) to
chamber (9). The oil functions as signal oil. The
signal oil opens resolver (13). The signal oil flows
through the inlet manifold to the compensator valve
on the pump.

The increase of pump oil flow to inlet passage (14)

opens load check valve (17). The oil flows through
load check valve (17). The oil then flows around
control valve spool (3) and out passage (6) to the
head end of the lift cylinders. The oil flow to the
head end of the lift cylinders lowers the bulldozer
blade.

Return oil from the rod end of the lift cylinders flows
through passage (4), around control valve spool (3),
and through outlet passage (18) to the oil tank.
16
Systems Operation Section

g00858450
Illustration 11
 17
Systems Operation Section

g00858374
Illustration 12

When pilot control pressure causes the control valve

spool to move to the FLOAT position, there is no
signal oil pressure. Chamber (9) is open to outlet
passage (8). Pilot control pressure enters the signal
resolver network at passage (12). The pressure at
passage (12) is the same pressure that is supplied
by the pilot signal pressure at pilot port (20) that
is causing the control valve spool to move to the
FLOAT position. This causes the pump to maintain
margin pressure over pilot control pressure. Margin
pressure over pilot control pressure is required in
order to shift control valve spool (3) to the FLOAT
position.

Because of the position of control valve spool (3),

passages (4) and (6) are open to outlet passages
(18) and (8). Because both ends of the lift cylinders
are opened to the tank, the cylinder rods move
freely in either direction. The amount and direction
of the force on the blade controls the movement
of the blade.
18
Systems Operation Section
i01663389
Bulldozer Tilt Control Valve
SMCS Code: 5051; 5115; 5123
General Information
Illustration 13
When the machine is equipped with a bulldozer
blade, the bulldozer tilt control valve is the second
valve in the valve stack. The bulldozer tilt control
valve controls the tilting of the bulldozer blade
to the right and to the left. The control valve is
equipped with control valve spool (3), resolver (10),
flow control valve (12) and load check valve (17).
The bulldozer tilt control valve is a spring centered
valve. Control valve spool (3) is a closed center
spool and a pilot operated spool with three
positions: TILT RIGHT, HOLD, and TILT LEFT. Spring
(1) keeps the spool in HOLD position when the
bulldozer tilt circuit is not active. Movement of the
spool is controlled by the pilot control system. The
pilot control system connects the bulldozer pilot
valve lever to control valve spool (3).
g00858714
Resolver (10) is a two-way check valve. Flow control
valve (12) limits the maximum flow of oil to the tilt
circuit. The functions of the resolver and of the
control valve spool are described in the sections on
positions of the control valve. The description of the
function of load check valve (17) is in a separate
section.
Load Check Valve
Load check valve (17) prevents reverse oil flow in
the tilt cylinder, which can cause cylinder drift or
load loss. The load check valve does not open
until pump oil pressure in chamber (15) becomes
greater than the force of the spring for the load
check valve and the pressure in passage (16).
 19
Systems Operation Section

Basic Valve Operation

g00858714
Illustration 14

When the control valve spools are in the HOLD

position, pump oil flows to inlet passage (13). Oil
flows around the flow control valve and oil flows in
metering slots (14). Oil through metering slots (14)
moves the flow control valve to the right against
spring (11). Pump oil also flows through passage
(13) to the next control valve.

Since all the valve spools are in the HOLD position,

pump oil fills the parallel oil passages of the
control valves. The pump maintains oil pressure at
3000 kPa (435 psi). Passage (2), chamber (8), and
resolver (10) are drained. Passages (4), (6) and
(16) are blocked.
20
Systems Operation Section

g00858736
Illustration 15
 21
Systems Operation Section

g00863019
Illustration 16

When pilot control pressure causes control valve

spool (3) to move to the TILT RIGHT position,
passage (2) is opened to passage (6). Cylinder
oil from passage (6) flows through passage (2) to
chamber (8). The oil functions as signal oil. Part of
the signal oil flows to the spring chamber behind
flow control valve (12). The signal oil opens flow
control valve (12). The rest of the signal oil flows
through resolver (10) through the inlet manifold to
the compensator valve on the pump.

The increase of pump oil flow to inlet passage (13)

flows through metering slots (14) into chamber (15).
The pump oil opens load check valve (17). The oil
flows through load check valve (17). The oil then
flows through passage (16) around control valve
spool (3) and out passage (6) to the rod ends of the
tilt cylinder. The tilt cylinder then tilts the bulldozer
blade to the right.

Return oil from the head end of the tilt cylinder flows
through passage (4), around control valve spool (2)
and through outlet passage (18) to the oil tank.
22
Systems Operation Section

g00858741
Illustration 17
 23
Systems Operation Section

g00863020
Illustration 18

When pilot control pressure causes control valve

spool (3) to move to the TILT LEFT position, passage
(2) is opened to passage (4). Cylinder oil from
passage (4) flows through passage (2) to chamber
(8). The oil functions as signal oil. Part of the signal
oil flows to the spring chamber behind flow control
valve (12). The signal oil opens flow control valve
(12). The rest of the signal oil flows through resolver
(10) through the inlet manifold to the compensator
valve on the pump.

The increase of pump oil flow to inlet passage (13)

flows through metering slots (14) into chamber
(15). The pump oil opens load check valve (17).
The oil flows through load check valve (17). The
oil then flows through passage (16) around control
valve spool (3) and out passage (4) to the head
end of the tilt cylinder. The tilt cylinder then tilts the
bulldozer blade to the left.

Return oil from the rod end of the tilt cylinder flows
through passage (6), around control valve spool (3)
and through outlet passage (7) to the oil tank.
24
Systems Operation Section

i01662831

Hydraulic Pump - Piston

SMCS Code: 5070

g00821490
Illustration 19

The hydraulic pump for the implements is an
automatically controlled slipper type piston pump.
The pump senses the pressure in order to control
the flow that is needed by the system.
Drive shaft (6) is fastened by splines to the
cylinder barrel. Nine pistons (7) are held against a
nonrotating swashplate (5) by the retaining plate. As
shown above, at the maximum swashplate angle,
part of pistons (7) are pulled out of the cylinder
barrel. The remaining pistons (7) are pushed into
the cylinder barrel. Rotation of the cylinder barrel
moves the pistons in and out of the cylinder barrel.
Oil is pulled into the pump and oil is pushed out of
the pump by the push-pull movement of the pistons.
The angle of the swashplate determines the amount
of oil that is pulled into each piston bore. Therefore,
the angle determines the amount of oil that is
pushed out of each piston bore by the drive shaft
rotation.
There are infinite swashplate angle positions
between the neutral angle (zero degrees) and the
maximum angle. A greater amount of oil is pulled
into the pump and a greater amount of oil is pushed
out of the pump by an increased swashplate angle.
 25
Systems Operation Section

When the swashplate angle is zero degrees, pistons

do not move in and out of the rotating cylinder
barrel. Therefore, no oil is pulled into the pump,
and no oil is pushed out of the pump. There is
zero displacement from the pump. The pump is
not generating oil flow. Therefore, the system is not
generating pressure. The pump is not often at the
zero swashplate angle. The pump is only at the
zero swashplate angle when signal oil pressure
suddenly drops to zero or when system pressure
suddenly surges to the maximum pressure cutoff
setting. These conditions can cause the swashplate
to move momentarily to the zero angle position.

The compensator valve senses signal pressure

in order to control oil flow that is needed to fulfill
the system load and flow needs. These needs are
met by the compensator valve in two ways: Either
pump oil is sent to actuator piston (4) or pump oil is
drained from actuator piston (4). The actuator piston
works with bias piston (8) in order to continually
adjust the swashplate angle. System pressure is
maintained 2100 kPa (305 psi) above the signal oil
pressure by the margin spool in the compensator
valve. The compensator valve also contains a
pressure cutoff spool that prevents overloads of
the pump and of the system. When work port
pressure exceeds 19300 kPa (2800 psi) the cutoff
spool overrides the margin spool, and the cutoff
spool lowers pump output while system pressure is
maintained at 19300 kPa (2800 psi).

The following schematic shows the actions of

the pump and of the compensator valve under
upstroking conditions in the hydraulic system.
26
Systems Operation Section

Upstroking

g00821612
Illustration 20

Upstroking means that the pump is increasing the
displacement (output). Upstroking occurs when the
signal oil pressure increases due to an increased
load. The highest signal oil pressure from the control
valves flows through line (18) and the oil fills cavity
(17). The signal oil pressure plus the force of spring
(1) now move margin spool (16) in the downward
direction. The spool movement blocks the flow of
pump oil to actuator piston (4). The spool movement
also opens the passages to actuator piston (4) to
passage (12) and through the case to case drain
(10). The combined force of bias spring (9) and of
the pump oil pressure that is behind bias piston (8)
now moves swashplate (5) toward the maximum
angle (upstroke).
Pump output is increased by upstroking until the
pressure in passage (13) moves margin spool
(16) upward to the metering position. When the
margin spool is first at the metering position, system
pressure in passage (13) exceeds the force of
the signal oil pressure in cavity (17) and of spring
(1). The greater pressure moves the margin spool
farther in the upward direction. This sends pump oil
pressure through passage (14) to actuator piston
(4).
 27
Systems Operation Section

Because the force of actuator piston (4) is greater

than the force of bias piston (8) plus the force of
bias spring (9), the force that is on swashplate
(5) toward the minimum angle is greater than the
force that is on swashplate (5) toward the maximum
angle. The difference in force causes a decrease in
the angle of the swashplate, the pump output, and
the system pressure. When the system pressure
decreases enough, the combined signal pressure
and the force of the spring in cavity (17) cause the
margin spool to move downward. The pressure that
is behind actuator piston (4) flows to the case drain
again. The bias piston and the bias spring increase
the swashplate angle.

The continuous oscillation (metering) of margin

spool (16) maintains the pump pressure in passage
(13) at 2100 kPa (305 psi) higher than the signal
pressure that is in cavity (17), because the force
of spring (1) is equal to 2100 kPa (305 psi). The
difference is called margin pressure.

Destroking

g00821649
Illustration 21
28
Systems Operation Section

Destroking means that the pump is decreasing the

displacement (output). Destroking occurs when
signal oil pressure decreases from lower loads.
Destroking also occurs when all of the control valves
are in the HOLD position and signal oil pressure
decreases to 0 kPa (0 psi). The lower signal oil
pressure in cavity (17) causes the higher system
pressure in passage (13) to move margin spool
(16) upward. The spool movement allows system
pressure to flow through passage (14) to actuator
piston (4). The force of the system pressure that is
behind actuator piston (4) is now higher than the
force of bias spring (9) and the force of the system
pressure that is behind bias piston (8). The angle of
the swashplate decreases. Pump output decreases
until the pump flow is not adequate to maintain
system pressure.

System pressure decreases. When system pressure

approaches 2100 kPa (305 psi) (margin pressure)
over signal oil pressure, margin spool (16) moves
downward and the spool begins to meter oil at
actuator piston (4) to passage (12) and through the
case to case drain (10). When system pressure
approaches 3000 kPa (435 psi) (low pressure
standby), margin spool (16) moves downward
and the spool begins to meter oil at the actuator
piston to case drain (10). Signal oil pressure is zero
when the control valves are in the HOLD position.
Swashplate (5) increases the angle slightly, so that
the pump output makes up system leakage. Also,
the higher swashplate angle maintains the required
pressure in the system.

Low Pressure Standby
Illustration 22
When the engine is running with the control valves
in the HOLD position, there is no signal oil pressure
in line (18) to cavity (17). Without signal oil pressure
in cavity (17), system pressure in passage (13)
moves the margin spool upward against the force
of spring (1). Pump oil then flows through passage
(14) to actuator piston (4). Then, actuator piston
(4) moves swashplate (5) toward the minimum
angle that is required for enough output to maintain
system pressure at 3000 kPa (435 psi).
29
Systems Operation Section
g00821672
Note: Do not confuse low pressure standby with
margin pressure. Margin pressure is 2100 kPa
(305 psi). The pressure that is required to compress
spring (1) is 2100 kPa (305 psi). This pressure is not
sufficient to move swashplate (5) against the force
of the bias spring (9) and of bias piston (8). Pump
output increases until the swashplate can move
against the bias piston and the bias spring. System
pressure then stays at 3000 kPa (435 psi), which is
Low Pressure Standby. Margin pressure can only
be measured in a nonstall load sensing condition.
Some variation in low pressure standby can occur
from low idle to high idle. For the margin pressure
test procedure, refer to Testing And Adjusting,
“Pump Discharge Pressure Tests” in the Service
Manual for your machine.
30
Systems Operation Section
High Pressure Stall
Illustration 23
When the hydraulic system stalls under a load in an
implement circuit, the oil pressure increases. A stall
occurs when system pressure gets to 19300 kPa
(2800 psi). Signal oil pressure in line (18) and
cavity (17) now equals system pressure in passage
(13). The spring keeps margin spool (16) moved
in the downward direction which puts the pump
in an Upstroking position. As system pressure
approaches 19300 kPa (2800 psi), pressure cutoff
spool (15) moves upward against the spring. Pump
oil flows through passage (14) to actuator piston
(4). The pressure that is behind actuator piston (4)
moves swashplate (5) until the system pressure is
maintained at 19300 kPa (2800 psi).
g00821730
When the pump output flow is insufficient for
maintaining the system pressure and the pressure
decreases below 19300 kPa (2800 psi), the force of
the spring moves pressure cutoff spool (15) further
downward. This spool movement stops the flow of
oil past the spool to the actuator piston. As pump
pressure decreases further, pressure cutoff spool
(15) moves further downward and actuator piston
(4) opens to margin spool (16).
When system pressure approaches margin pressure
over signal oil pressure, margin spool (16) moves
to the metering position. When signal oil pressure
is low and system pressure approaches low
pressure standby, margin spool (16) moves to the
metering position. The metering position allows the
swashplate angle to increase until pump flow is
sufficient to make up system leakage and the lower
required pressure is maintained.
 31
Systems Operation Section

Constant Flow

g00821743
Illustration 24

Constant flow is achieved when the force of the

system pressure in passage (13) is equal to the
sum of the force of spring (1) and the force of the
signal pressure in signal line (18). The force on both
sides of margin spool (16) will be equal. The equal
forces move the spool to a metering position. The
metering of the margin spool provides a stabilized
system with constant flow.

As the signal pressure in line (18) decreases, the

pressure on the bottom of margin spool (16) is
greater than the sum of the force of the signal
pressure and spring (1). The increase in pressure
causes the margin spool to move upward. This
allows higher pressure oil to flow through passage
(14) to actuator piston (4). Actuator piston (4)
will decrease the angle of swashplate (5). The
decreased angle will decrease pump output. As
pump output decreases, the pressure on the bottom
of margin spool (16) decreases. The decrease in
pressure lowers the margin spool into a metering
position again.
32
Systems Operation Section

i01602991

Implement Control Valve

SMCS Code: 5051-II; 5051; 5115; 5123; 5140

g00830472
Illustration 25
Implement control valves
The inlet manifold is positioned at the bottom of the implement control valves.
(1) End cover (5) Inlet manifold
(2) Main relief valve (6) Bulldozer lift control valve
(3) Charging valve (7) Bulldozer tilt control valve
(4) Check valve (8) Ripper lift control valve

The implement control valves are assembled in a

valve stack. The valve stack for the hydraulic system
is located below the platform in the right side of the
cab. If the machine is equipped with a ripper an
additional control valve is added to the valve stack.

If the machine is equipped with a ripper then the

valve stack includes the following valves.

• Ripper lift control valve

• Bulldozer tilt control valve
• Bulldozer lift control valve
• Inlet manifold

i01662768
Signal Resolver Network
SMCS Code: 5079
Illustration 26
The illustration includes the control valves for the ripper (attachment).
(1) Signal to pump through inlet manifold (3) Bulldozer tilt control valve
(2) Bulldozer lift control valve (4) Ripper lift control valve
The resolver (6) is a ball check valve. Each control
valve section in the implement hydraulic system has
a resolver. Each resolver compares the pressure
signal from the downstream control valve section
and the pressure signal from the current control
valve section. The higher signal of the two signals
goes to the resolver in the upstream valve section.
For example, the resolver in control valve (3)
compares the signal from the resolver in control
valve (4) to the signal from the resolver in control
valve (3). The higher signal of the two signals goes
to the resolver in control valve (2).
33
Systems Operation Section
g00826207
(5) Line from pilot valve (bulldozer)
(6) Resolver
This means that the highest resolved signal from
the implement control valve goes through line (1)
to the compensator valve on the pump. The signal
instructs the pump to vary pump output in order to
meet the highest resolved load requirements.
The pump compensator valve adds margin pressure
to the load requirements. Note that the resolver
network does not add various loads together.
Instead, the single highest resolved load plus
margin pressure governs the pump output.
34
Systems Operation Section

When the pilot control lever (bulldozer) is in the
FLOAT position or in the LOWER position, the
pilot control signal pressure enters the end of the
resolver network at line (5). Therefore, the pump
signal pressure is the sum of the pilot control signal
pressure and the margin pressure. This maintains
the necessary supply.
Therefore, the pilot system reducing valve is
supplied with 2100 kPa (305 psi) higher than
the necessary pressure for handling the highest
resolved pressure except at low pressure standby.
When all the control levers are in the HOLD position
and the pump is at low pressure standby, the
pressure in the resolver network is zero.
i01131286
Main Relief Valve
SMCS Code: 5069; 5117
When the oil pressure increases to the setting of the
relief valve, valve (3) opens. The oil in passage (4)
flows around valve (3). The oil flows through drain
passages (5) to the tank. The pump pressure can
not exceed the setting of the main relief valve.
The compressed length of spring (2) determines the
force that is applied by spring (2) to valve (3). An
increase or a decrease in the force that is applied
by spring (2) changes the pressure setting of the
relief valve.
Loosen nut (1) and turn setscrew (6) clockwise in
order to increase the pressure setting. Loosen nut
(1) and turn setscrew (6) counterclockwise in order
to decrease the pressure setting.
The pressure setting is specified in the following
table. The test was completed at a temperature of
49 ± 3C (120 ± 5F).
Table 1

The main relief valve is located in the inlet manifold. Pressure and Flow
The inlet manifold is attached to the bottom of the Pressure Flow
control valve stack.
Inlet Outlet Inlet
26000 ± 600 kPa 70 ± 7 kPa 5 ± 1 L/min (1.3
(3800 ± 90 psi) (10 ± 1 psi) ± 0.3 US gpm)

g00512611
Illustration 27
Main relief valve
(1) Nut
(2) Spring
(3) Valve
(4) Inlet passage
(5) Drain passages
(6) Setscrew

The main relief valve is a directly operated valve.

Since the setting of the main relief valve is above
all of the operating pressures, the valve serves as
a backup valve. The main relief valve limits the
increases (spikes) in pump pressure.

Note: The main relief valve is not capable of

handling full pump flow.

Pump oil flows through passage (4) to valve (3).

Spring (2) keeps valve (3) closed when the oil
pressure is less than the setting of the relief valve.
 35
Systems Operation Section

i01662597

Pilot Hydraulic System

SMCS Code: 5050-PS; 5050

g00858227
Illustration 28
Schematic for the pilot hydraulic system
(1) Pilot valve for the bulldozer (5) Pressure reducing valve
(2) Hydraulic tank (6) Accumulator
(3) Hydraulic Pump (7) Shutoff valve
(4) Control Valve Stack (8) Pilot valve for the ripper

The pilot hydraulic system is used to operate the
control valve stack. Refer to Systems Operation,
“Implement Control Valve” for information on
the operation of the control valve stack. The
pilot hydraulic system consists of the following
components: pilot valve (bulldozer) (1), control valve
stack (3), pressure reducing valve (5), accumulator
(6), shutoff valve (7), and pilot valve (ripper) (8).
The pilot hydraulic system receives oil from the
hydraulic pump. The hydraulic pump is a piston
pump. Refer to Systems Operation, “Hydraulic
Pump - Piston” for information on the operation of
the hydraulic pump.
The pilot oil flows from the hydraulic pump into the
manifold and reducing valve (5), which is located
under the right console with accumulator (6). Refer
to Systems Operation, “Pressure Reducing Valve”
for information on the operation of the pressure
reducing valve.
Accumulator
The oil flows from the manifold and reducing valve
(5) to accumulator (6). The accumulator provides
limited pilot oil after the engine is shut down. 0.75 L
(0.8 qt) of oil is provided. This reservoir of pilot
oil permits attachments to be lowered up to 1.5
minutes after the engine is off.
36
Systems Operation Section

Accumulator (6) is charged with dry nitrogen to

1400 kPa (150 psi). Refer to Systems Operation,
“Accumulator” for information on the operation of
the accumulator.

Shutoff Valve
Then, the oil flows to shutoff valve (7). The shutoff
valve deactivates the implement pilot valves
(bulldozer and ripper).

g00834559
Illustration 29
Location of the implement control shutoff
(1) Pilot valve lever for the bulldozer
(7) Shutoff valve
(8) Pilot valve lever for the ripper

g00552233
Illustration 31
Top view and section view
(7) Shutoff valve
(11) Line (pilot oil to pilot control valve)
(12) Line (pilot oil from pressure reducing valve)
(13) Line (pilot oil to tank)

The shutoff valve is a manual ball valve. The shutoff

valve is manually controlled by a knob that is
located above the right console inside the cab.

Shutoff valve (7) is located under the right console.

In the UNLOCK position, shutoff valve (7) directs
pilot supply oil to the pilot control valve through
line (11). In the LOCK position, line (12) is blocked
and line (11) is diverted to line (13). This allows
the oil from the pilot control valves to drain to the
g00576360 hydraulic tank. Also, when the knob is turned to the
Illustration 30
LOCK position a switch deactivates a coil on the
(9) Platform pilot valve and a switch activates a lamp on the
(10) Knob
(7) Shutoff valve
instrument panel. When the coil is activated, the
(11) Line (pilot oil to pilot control valve) coil is used to hold controls for the FLOAT position.
(12) Line (pilot oil from pressure reducing valve) The hydraulics for the implements should be turned
(13) Line (pilot oil to tank) off when the machine is serviced.

Pilot Valve (Bulldozer)
g00765408
Illustration 32
Location of the pilot valve lever (bulldozer)
(1) Pilot valve lever (bulldozer)
(2) HOLD position
(3) RAISE position
(4) LOWER position
(5) FLOAT position
(6) TILT LEFT position
(7) TILT RIGHT position
The pilot valve lever (bulldozer) (1) is located on
the right console. The pilot valve lever (bulldozer)
(1) controls the lift cylinders and the tilt cylinder
through two control valves in the valve stack.
HOLD Position
When the control lever of pilot valve (bulldozer)
(1) is in HOLD position (2), the pilot supply line
is blocked. The control lever will return to HOLD
position (2) when the lever is released from the
following positions: RAISE (3), LOWER (4), TILT
LEFT (6), and TILT RIGHT (7). The bulldozer blade
will remain in the selected position.
RAISE Position
When the operator moves the control lever of
pilot valve (bulldozer) (1) to RAISE position (3),
the pilot oil moves the control valve spool in the
bulldozer lift control valve and the lift cylinders raise
the bulldozer blade. Refer to Systems Operation,
“Bulldozer Lift Control Valve” for information on the
operation of the control valve. The control lever will
return to the HOLD position when the control lever
is released and the bulldozer blade remains in the
raised position.
37
Systems Operation Section
LOWER Position
When the operator moves the control lever of
pilot valve (bulldozer) (1) to LOWER position (4),
the pilot oil moves the control valve spool in the
bulldozer lift control valve and the lift cylinders lower
the bulldozer blade. Refer to Systems Operation,
“Bulldozer Lift Control Valve” for information on the
operation of the control valve. The control lever will
return to the HOLD position when the control lever
is released and the bulldozer blade remains in the
lowered position.
FLOAT Position
When the operator moves the control lever of pilot
valve (bulldozer) (1) to FLOAT position (5), the pilot
valve is held in the FLOAT position by a magnet.
The control lever remains in the FLOAT position until
the control lever is pulled out of the position. When
the oil pressure in both ends of the lift cylinders
is equal, the weight of the bulldozer causes the
bulldozer to lower to the ground. When the control
lever is pulled out of the FLOAT position, and when
the control lever is released, the control lever will
return to the HOLD position.
TILT LEFT Position
When the operator moves the control lever of pilot
valve (bulldozer) (1) to TILT LEFT position (6),
the pilot oil moves the control valve spool in the
bulldozer tilt control valve and the tilt cylinder tilts
the bulldozer blade. Refer to Systems Operation,
“Bulldozer Tilt Control Valve” for information on the
operation of the control valve. The control lever will
return to the HOLD position when the control lever
is released and the bulldozer blade remains in the
tilted left position.
TILT RIGHT Position
When the operator moves the control lever of pilot
valve (bulldozer) (1) to TILT RIGHT position (7),
the pilot oil moves the control valve spool in the
bulldozer tilt control valve and the tilt cylinder tilts
the bulldozer blade. Refer to Systems Operation,
“Bulldozer Tilt Control Valve” for information on the
operation of the control valve. The control lever will
return to the HOLD position when the control lever
is released and the bulldozer blade remains in the
tilted right position.
38
Systems Operation Section

Pilot Valve (Ripper) i01662591

Accumulator
SMCS Code: 5077

g00780402
Illustration 33
Location of the pilot valve lever (ripper)
(1) HOLD position
(2) RAISE position g00773633
Illustration 34
(5) LOWER position
Location of accumulator
The pilot valve lever (ripper) is located on the right
console. The pilot valve lever (ripper) controls the The pilot accumulator is located behind an access
lift cylinder for the ripper through the control valve panel on the right side of the operator station. The
in the valve stack. accumulator is attached to the top of the manifold
and reducing valve.
HOLD Position
When the control lever of the pilot valve (ripper) is in
HOLD position (1), the pilot supply line is blocked.
The control lever will return to HOLD position
(1) when the lever is released from the following
positions: RAISE (2) and LOWER (3). The ripper will
remain in the selected position.

RAISE Position
When the operator moves the control lever of the
pilot valve (ripper) to the RAISE position (2), the
pilot oil moves the control valve spool in the ripper
lift control valve and the lift cylinder raises the
ripper. Refer to Systems Operation, “Ripper Lift
Control Valve” for information on the operation of
the control valve. The control lever will return to the
HOLD position when the control lever is released
and the ripper remains in the raised position.
g00557090
Illustration 35
LOWER Position Accumulator

When the operator moves the control lever of the

The accumulator stores potential energy by
pilot valve (ripper) to the LOWER position (3), the
accumulating a quantity of pressurized hydraulic
pilot oil moves the control valve spool in the ripper
fluid. The pressurized fluid is stored in a bladder
lift control valve and the lift cylinder lowers the
type accumulator. A bladder that contains gas is
ripper. Refer to Systems Operation, “Ripper Lift
located within the accumulator. The accumulator is
Control Valve” for information on the operation of
charged to 1030 kPa (150 psi) with dry nitrogen.
the control valve. The control lever will return to the
HOLD position when the control lever is released
and the ripper remains in the lowered position.
 39
Systems Operation Section

The pressurized hydraulic fluid enters the

accumulator and the fluid creates pressure within
the accumulator. Energy is stored as the bag that
is within the accumulator is compressed by the
hydraulic fluid. The pressurized hydraulic fluid that
is stored in the accumulator permits the operator to
lower the implements for a maximum of 1.5 minutes
after the engine is turned off.

i01657626

Pressure Reducing Valve

SMCS Code: 5467-PS; 5467

g00818129
Illustration 36
(1) Valve Body (6) Check Valve
(2) Pressure Reducing Valve (7) Plug and Seal
(3) Relief Valve (P) Port (Discharge from pump)
(4) Port for Accumulator (ACC) (T) Port (tank)
(5) Screen (CP) Port (pilot supply oil)
40
Systems Operation Section

• Use the 7H-1680 Compressor Assembly to

provide pilot pressure to the valve. Turn the
shutoff valve to the UNLOCK position. If the
shutoff valve is not in the UNLOCK position the
oil will be pumped to the hydraulic tank. Oil is
applied through the pressure tap for pilot supply
after the pressure reducing valve. The pressure
tap is located under an access plate on the right
fender. Refer to Testing and Adjusting, “Pressure
Taps” for the location of the pressure tap.

• Use the 164-0758 Bolt (9/16 inch by 18 by 2

g00773650
Illustration 37
Location of manifold and reducing valve
The manifold and reducing valve is located behind
an access panel on the right side of the operator
station. The manifold and reducing valve contains
an accumulator port (4), pressure reducing valve
(2), relief valve (3), screen (5), and a check valve
(6).
The pressure reducing valve reduces the implement
hydraulic pressure to a maximum of 3275 ± 175 kPa
(475 ± 25 psi).
A pump discharge line attaches at port (P). The
pressure reducing valve reduces the system
pressure to pilot supply pressure. The reduced
pressure is termed pilot supply oil. Pilot supply oil
exits the pressure reducing valve at port (CP). Next,
the pilot supply oil proceeds to the shutoff valve.
inch) that is mounted behind the access plate
on the front of the right console to activate the
valve spool.
Lockout of the control levers is accomplished in the
following manner. Pilot supply oil from the pressure
reducing valve enters the shutoff valve. In the
UNLOCK position, the shutoff valve directs pilot
supply oil to the pilot control valve. In the LOCK
position, the line from the pressure reducing valve
is blocked and the line to the pilot control valve is
diverted to the tank line. This allows the oil from the
pilot control valves to drain to the hydraulic tank.
Also, when the knob is turned to the LOCK position
a switch deactivates a coil on the pilot valve and a
second switch activates a lamp on the instrument
panel. When the coil is activated, the coil is used to
hold controls for the FLOAT position.

The pressure reducing valve is coupled with the

accumulator. The accumulator attaches to the
manifold at port (4). For more information about
the accumulator, refer to Systems Operation,
“Accumulator”.

The relief valve provides a secondary relief in case

of pressure spikes and over pressurization of the
pilot system. The check valve stops backflow of oil
during conditions of low pump discharge pressure.

The accumulator and the check valve maintain

supply pressure during momentary drops in pump
pressure. This system will permit the attachment to
be lowered up to 1.5 minutes after the engine is off.

There are three methods of lowering attachments

after the engine has been off for 1.5 minutes.

• Use the pilot control lever to lower the

attachments. You need to crank the engine in
order to operate the control lever.

i01666504
Ripper Lift Control Valve
SMCS Code: 5351
General Information
Illustration 38
When the machine is equipped with a bulldozer
and with a ripper, the ripper lift control valve is the
third valve in the valve stack. The ripper lift control
valve controls the raising and the lowering of the
ripper. The control valve is equipped with these
components: control valve spool (3), makeup valve
(4), resolver (11), and load check valve (15).
The ripper lift control valve is a spring centered
valve. Control valve spool (3) is a closed center
spool and a pilot operated spool with three positions:
RAISE, HOLD, and LOWER. Spring (1) keeps the
control valve spool in the HOLD position when the
ripper lift control valve is not active. Movement of
the valve spool is controlled by the pilot control
system. The pilot control system connects the ripper
pilot valve lever to control valve spool (3).
41
Systems Operation Section
g00860632
Resolver (11) is a two-way check valve. The
functions of the resolver and of the control valve
spool are described in the sections on positions of
the control valve. The descriptions of the functions
of load check valve (15) and of makeup valve (4)
are in separate sections.
Load Check Valve
Load check valve (15) prevents reverse oil flow in
the ripper lift cylinders, which can cause cylinder
drift or load loss. The load check valve does not
open until pump oil pressure in chamber (13)
overcomes the force of the spring for the load
check valve and of the cylinder oil pressure in
passage (14).
42
Systems Operation Section

Makeup Valve
Makeup valve (4) is in the head end of the lift circuit.
The makeup valve opens when cylinder oil pressure
in passage (5) drops 14 kPa (2 psi) below the return
oil pressure in outlet passage (6). Makeup valve (4)
adds return oil in outlet passage (6) to cylinder oil in
passage (5). The additional oil prevents cavitation
(vacuum) in the ripper lift cylinders.

Basic Valve Operation

g00860632
Illustration 39

When the control valve spools are in the HOLD

position, pump oil flows to inlet passage (12). This
passage is common to all sections of the valve
stack and this passage has no outlet. Since all the
valve spools are in the HOLD position, pump oil
fills the parallel oil passages of the control valves.
The pump maintains oil pressure at 3000 kPa
(435 psi). Passage (2), chamber (9), resolver (11),
and passage (8) are drained. Passages (5), (7),
and (14) are blocked.
 43
Systems Operation Section
44
Systems Operation Section

g00860674
Illustration 40
 45
Systems Operation Section

g00860652
Illustration 41

When pilot control pressure causes control valve

spool (3) to move to the RAISE position, cylinder
oil from passage (5) flows through passage (2) to
chamber (9). The oil functions as signal oil. The
signal oil opens resolver (11) and flows to the
previous control valve and through the inlet manifold
to the compensator valve on the pump.

The increase of pump oil flow to inlet passage (12)

opens load check valve (15). The oil flows through
load check valve (15), through passage (14), and
around control valve spool (3). Then, the oil flows
through passage (5) to the head end of the ripper
lift cylinder. The ripper lift cylinder then raises the
ripper.

Return oil from the rod end of the ripper lift cylinder
flows through passage (7), around control valve
spool (3) and through outlet passage (8) to the tank.
46
Systems Operation Section

g00860730
Illustration 42
 47
Systems Operation Section

g00860661
Illustration 43

When pilot control pressure causes control valve

spool (3) to move to the LOWER position, cylinder
oil from passage (7) flows through passage (2) to
chamber (9). The oil functions as signal oil. The
signal oil opens resolver (11). The signal oil flows
to the previous control valve and through the inlet
manifold to the compensator valve on the pump.

The increase of pump oil flow to inlet passage (12)

opens load check valve (15). The oil flows through
load check valve (15). Then, the oil flows around
control valve spool (3) and through passage (7) to
the rod end of the ripper lift cylinder. The ripper lift
cylinder then lowers the ripper.

Return oil from the head end of the ripper lift

cylinder flows through passage (5), around control
valve spool (3) and through outlet passage (16) to
the oil tank.
48
Systems Operation Section
Quick-Drop Valve
SMCS Code: 5110
Illustration 44
Schematic for quick-drop valve
(A) Line to control valve
(B) Quick-drop valve
(C) Bulldozer lift cylinders
Illustration 45
Location of the quick-drop valve
A single quick-drop valve is installed at the center
of the top of the radiator guard. The valve allows
the bulldozer blade to drop quickly to the ground.
i01655470
g00497820
(D) Line to rod ends of cylinders (G) Bulldozer tilt cylinder
(E) Line to head ends of cylinders
(F) Bypass valve
When the operator lowers the blade quickly, the oil
pressure in the head ends of the lift cylinders drops.
The hydraulic circuit from the pump to the head
ends of the lift cylinders can not supply sufficient oil
flow in order to maintain the pressure. The valve
diverts oil from the rod end of the lift cylinders to
the head end of the lift cylinders.
The quick-drop valve minimizes pause time. The
valve permits full down pressure in a minimum
amount of time after the blade hits the ground.
The bypass valves (F) in the bulldozer lift cylinders
are built into the cylinder pistons. When the piston
g00579888
reaches the end of the stroke, the end of the bypass
valve touches the end of the cylinder barrel. As
the piston moves closer to the end of the cylinder
barrel, the bypass valve is pushed open. This allows
oil to pass through the piston to the return oil end
of the cylinder.
 49
Systems Operation Section

Bulldozer Control Lever in the Bulldozer Control Lever in the

HOLD Position RAISE Position

g00795358 g00854955
Illustration 46 Illustration 47
Quick-drop valve with the bulldozer control lever in the HOLD Quick-drop valve with the bulldozer control lever in the RAISE
position position
(1) Cover (1) Cover
(2) Passage to the head ends of the lift cylinders (2) Passage to the head ends of the lift cylinders
(3) Passage (3) Passage
(4) Passage (4) Passage
(5) Passage to the LOWER port of the control valve (5) Passage to the LOWER port of the control valve
(6) Valve spool (6) Valve spool
(7) Spring (7) Spring
(8) Cover (8) Cover
(9) Plunger (9) Plunger
(10) Orifice sleeve (10) Orifice sleeve
(11) Passage to RAISE port of the control valve (11) Passage to RAISE port of the control valve
(12) Passage to the rod ends of the lift cylinders (12) Passage to the rod ends of the lift cylinders

When the bulldozer control lever is moved to
HOLD position, both the head end and the rod
end passages of the bulldozer lift control valve are
blocked. The oil that is in passages (2) and (12)
is blocked.
When the bulldozer control lever is moved to RAISE
position, pump oil enters the quick-drop valve at
passage (11). The oil flow moves orifice sleeve
(10) to the right. The oil flows past orifice sleeve
(10) and out passage (12) to the rod ends of the
bulldozer lift cylinders. Return oil from the head
ends of the cylinders enters the valve at passage
(2). The oil flows past spool (6) and out passage
(5) to the control valve.

The circuit pressure on the left end of plunger (9)

keeps the plunger shifted to the right. Hydraulic
circuit pressure also increases in passage (4) to
the right end of spool (6). The pressure on the right
end of the spool is equal to the pressure on the left
end. Therefore, spring (7) keeps spool (6) shifted
to the right.
50
Systems Operation Section

Bulldozer Control Lever in the Slow Pump oil enters the valve at passage (5). The pump
oil flows past spool (6) and out passage (2) to the
LOWER Position head ends of the cylinders. Pump oil flow enters
passage (3) in spool (6), which raises the pressure
on the right end of plunger (9). However, the return
oil pressure on the left side of plunger (9) is greater.
This pressure keeps plunger (9) shifted to the right.

Return oil pressure comes from the rod end of the

lift cylinders. The return oil pressure goes through
passage (4) to the right end of spool (6). The
pressure also goes to the outer diameter of the left
end of spool (6) before passing orifice sleeve (10).

Return oil pressure after the pressure drop across

orifice sleeve (10) goes to the minor diameter of
the left end of spool (6). The pressure drop across
orifice sleeve (10) produces a pressure differential
between the right and the left ends of spool (6).
However, the higher pressure on the right end of
spool (6) is exceeded by the combined force of
spring (7) with the pressure on the left end of the
spool. This keeps spool (6) shifted to the right.

g00854962
Illustration 48
Quick-drop valve with the bulldozer control lever in the slow
LOWER position
(1) Cover
(2) Passage to the head ends of the lift cylinders
(3) Passage
(4) Passage
(5) Passage to the LOWER port of the control valve
(6) Valve spool
(7) Spring
(8) Cover
(9) Plunger
(10) Orifice sleeve
(11) Passage to RAISE port of the control valve
(12) Passage to the rod ends of the lift cylinders

The bulldozer control lever is moved to the LOWER

position below 75 percent of the maximum travel.
The blade lowers at a slow speed. Return oil from
the rod end of the bulldozer lift cylinders enters
the quick-drop valve at passage (12). The return
oil flows past orifice sleeve (10) and out passage
(11) to the control valve. The return oil flow moves
orifice sleeve (10) to the left against a retaining ring.
A pressure drop in the return oil is set up across
orifice sleeve (10).
 51
Systems Operation Section

Bulldozer Control Lever in the Fast 75 percent of travel of the bulldozer control lever
toward the LOWER position is called the trigger
LOWER Position point. This operating position produces movement
of spool (6). When spool (6) moves, the area
between orifice sleeve (10) and the opening in the
valve body decreases. Since the pressure drop
increases, spool (6) moves farther. Therefore, once
spool (6) begins movement, the spool moves all the
way to the left. The rod ends of the lift cylinders are
now connected to the head ends of the lift cylinders
across the slots in spool (6). Since resistance to
return oil flow is now lower, return oil flow from the
rod ends of the lift cylinders increases. The blade
drops faster.

This line connection through the quick-drop valve

also keeps the hydraulic circuit full. As a result,
the pause time at ground level is minimum. Part of
the return oil from the rod ends of the lift cylinders
flows across orifice sleeve (10). This flow produces
a pressure drop, which holds spool (6) to the left.

g00854967
Illustration 49
Quick-drop valve with the bulldozer control lever in the fast LOWER
position
(1) Cover
(2) Passage to the head ends of the lift cylinders
(3) Passage
(4) Passage
(5) Passage to the LOWER port of the control valve
(6) Valve spool
(7) Spring
(8) Cover
(9) Plunger
(10) Orifice sleeve
(11) Passage to RAISE port of the control valve
(12) Passage to the rod ends of the lift cylinders

The bulldozer control lever is moved to the LOWER

position above 75 percent of the maximum travel.
The blade lowers at a rapid speed. The return oil
flow from the rod ends of the lift cylinders increases.
A higher pressure drop in the return oil is set up
across orifice sleeve (10).

Return oil pressure after the pressure drop across

orifice sleeve (10) goes to the minor diameter of
the left end of spool (6). The pressure drop across
orifice sleeve (10) produces a pressure differential
between the right and the left ends of spool (6).
However, the force of spring (7) is exceeded by the
higher pressure on the right end of spool (6), which
moves spool (6) to the left.
52
Systems Operation Section

Bulldozer Control Lever in the Pump oil flow enters passage (3) in spool (6), which
raises the pressure on the right end of plunger (9).
Fast LOWER Position With Down Return oil pressure after the pressure drop across
Pressure orifice sleeve (10) goes to the left side of plunger
(9). The pump oil pressure to the hydraulic circuit
exceeds the return oil pressure, which moves
plunger (9) to the left. The pressure drop of return oil
across orifice sleeve (10) pushes spool (6) toward
the left. However, the combined force of spring
(7) with the pressure of the oil against the plug at
the right end of the plunger cavity overcomes the
pressure differential on the ends of spool (6). The
spool stays to the right.

i01666405

Oil Cooler and Bypass Valve

SMCS Code: 5071

g00854973
Illustration 50
Quick-drop valve with the bulldozer control lever in the fast LOWER
position with down pressure
(1) Cover
(2) Passage to the head ends of the lift cylinders
(3) Passage
(4) Passage
(5) Passage to the LOWER port of the control valve
(6) Valve spool
(7) Spring
(8) Cover
(9) Plunger
(10) Orifice sleeve
(11) Passage to RAISE port of the control valve
(12) Passage to the rod ends of the lift cylinders

When the blade hits the ground and stops, return oil
flow from the rod ends of the lift cylinders ceases. Illustration 51
g00577911
With no pressure drop across the orifice, spring (7) (1) Oil cooler
shifts spool (6) back to the right. The implement (2) Oil cooler (outlet)
hydraulic pump fills the head ends of the lift (3) Inlet from oil cooler bypass valve
cylinders. The fill cycle is called pause time. When
the pressure in the head ends of the lift cylinders
increases, the blade can move again.
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Systems Operation Section

g00860571 g00802122
Illustration 52 Illustration 53
Oil cooler bypass valve Oil filter and hydraulic tank (side toward operator station)
(4) Outlet to the tank (1) Hydraulic tank
(5) Outlet to the oil cooler (2) Oil filler tube
(6) Valve (3) Return port
(7) Spring (4) Oil filter
(5) Suction port
(6) Return port
The oil cooler bypass valve is installed at the return
oil port of the inlet manifold. When the implement
or steering circuits are active, the return oil flows During normal operation of the implement circuits,
through the bypass valve. Valve (6) and spring (7) return oil from the control valves flows to return port
cause a back pressure of approximately 270 kPa (6). Oil to return port (6) flows through oil filter (4)
(39 psi). The back pressure causes the flow of part and to the hydraulic tank. The filter element stops
of the return oil through outlet (5) to the oil cooler. any debris that is in the oil.
The larger part of the return oil flows through outlet
(4) to the tank. The bypass valve opens quickly in The cooling oil that flows through the pump case
order to relieve the increases (surges) of flow of and through the motor case flows to a filter that is
the return oil. The bypass valve keeps pressure installed over return port (3). Oil through the filter
increases (spikes) from the oil cooler. flows in return port (3) to the hydraulic tank.

i01662189

Hydraulic Tank and Filter

SMCS Code: 5056; 5068

The hydraulic oil tank is located above the right

fender of the machine and to the right of the cab.
The hydraulic tank is sealed in order to prevent
contamination. A screen is located in filler tube (2)
in order to catch loose debris. Oil filter (4) is part of
the hydraulic tank.

g00802123
Illustration 54
Oil filter (view from front of the machine)
(7) Filter element
(8) Screen
(9) Bypass valve spring
(10) Bypass valve
(11) Inlet passage
54
Systems Operation Section

If the filter element becomes blocked by debris, the

restriction to oil flow causes a pressure increase
inside the filter element. The pressure increase
causes bypass valve (10) to move against spring
(9). This allows oil to pass through screen (8) to the
hydraulic tank. Screen (8) removes only the larger
particles of debris. When return oil does not flow
through the filter element, the remaining, smaller
particles of contamination in the oil may cause
damage to the components in the hydraulic system.

Perform correct maintenance in order to make sure

that filter element (7) does not become blocked
with debris.

Reference: Refer to Operation and Maintenance

Manual, “Maintenance Interval Schedule”.
 55
Systems Operation Section

g00857797
Illustration 55
Index
A Q

Accumulator........................................................... 38 Quick-Drop Valve................................................... 48

Bulldozer Control Lever in the Fast LOWER
Position ............................................................ 51
B Bulldozer Control Lever in the Fast LOWER
Position With Down Pressure........................... 52
Bulldozer Lift Control Valve.................................... 7 Bulldozer Control Lever in the HOLD Position ... 49
Basic Valve Operation........................................ 8 Bulldozer Control Lever in the RAISE Position .. 49
General Information ........................................... 7 Bulldozer Control Lever in the Slow LOWER
Bulldozer Tilt Control Valve.................................... 18 Position ............................................................ 50
Basic Valve Operation........................................ 19
General Information ........................................... 18
R

G Ripper Lift Control Valve ........................................ 41

Basic Valve Operation........................................ 42
General Information............................................... 4 General Information ........................................... 41
Implement Hydraulic System ............................. 5
References......................................................... 4
S

H Signal Resolver Network ....................................... 33

Systems Operation Section ................................... 4
Hydraulic Pump - Piston ........................................ 24
Constant Flow .................................................... 31
Destroking.......................................................... 27 T
High Pressure Stall ............................................ 30
Low Pressure Standby ....................................... 29 Table of Contents................................................... 3
Upstroking.......................................................... 26
Hydraulic Tank and Filter ....................................... 53

Implement Control Valve ....................................... 32

Important Safety Information ................................. 2

Main Relief Valve ................................................... 34

Oil Cooler and Bypass Valve ................................. 52

Pilot Hydraulic System........................................... 35

Accumulator ....................................................... 35
Pilot Valve (Bulldozer) ........................................ 37
Pilot Valve (Ripper) ............................................ 38
Shutoff Valve...................................................... 36
Pressure Reducing Valve ...................................... 39

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