Chemistry 2019

Acids and base exercise

1. The pH scale below shows the position of five aqueous solutions P, Q, R, S and T, of equal
concentration.

P Q R S T

1 7 14
pH Scale
What could the aqueous solutions be?

Ethanoic Sulphuric Ammonia Sodium Sodium

acid acid aqueous chloride hydroxide
A P Q R S T
B Q P S R T
C Q P T S R
D S T Q R P

2. Which of the following equations represents the reaction between nitric acid and sodium
hydroxide solution
A. H+ + OH- à H2O
B. H2 + ½ O2 à H2O
C. 2H+ + O2- à H2O
D. Na+ + NO3- à NaNO3

3. Why does sodium hydroxide solution 1.0 mol dm─3 has higher pH value than ammonia
aqueous 1.0 mol dm─3?

A sodium hydroxide is more reactive than ammonia

B sodium hydroxide is easily dissolved in water than ammonia
C sodium hydroxide is ionic compound whereas ammonia is covalent compound
D sodium hydroxide has a higher degree of dissociation than ammonia aqueous
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4. Table 1 shows the potential differences and the negative terminals of four simple voltaic cells
using different pairs of metals.

Pairs of metal Potential difference (V) Negative terminal

U/Copper 1.93 U
V/Copper 1.22 V
U/W 1.61 U
V/W X V
Table 1
What is the value of X?
A 0.39 V
B 0.57 V
C 0.90 V
D 1.41 V

5. Calculate the mass of potassium hydroxide present in 100 cm3 0.5 mol dm-3 of potassium
hydroxide solution.
[Relative atomic mass: H=1; O=16; K=39]

A 0.05 g
B 1.95 g
C 2.80 g
D 5.60 g

6. A wasp sting is alkaline. Which of the following substances can be used to treat the wasp sting?

A Toothpaste
B Ammonia
C Alcohol
D Vinegar

7. Which of the following substances reacts with calcium carbonate to produce gas bubbles?
A Salt solution
B Ethanol
C Vinegar
D Sugar solution

8. Table 3 shows the concentration and pH values of two types of acid.

Chemistry 2019

Type of acid Concentration / mol dm-3 pH value

M 0.1 1
N 0.1 6
Table 3
Which statement is true about the acids?
A M is a weak acid, N is a strong acid
B Concentration of hydrogen ion in M is higher than N
C The degree of dissociation of acid N is higher than acid M
D M ionises partially in water, N ionises completely in water
9. Which of these are suitable reactants for neutralisation reaction?
I Sulphuric acid + sodium hydroxide
II Hydrochloric acid + copper(II) oxide
III Sulphuric acid + calcium carbonate
IV Hydrochloric acid + magnesium
A I and II
B I and IV
C II and III
D III and IV

10.The word equation below represents a chemical reaction.

Dilute hydrochloric acid + Substance W à Salt + water + carbon dioxide

What could substance W be?

A Zinc sulphate
B Zinc carbonate
C Copper(II) oxide
D Copper(II) hydroxide
11. What is the volume of distilled water required to be added to 25.0 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 nitric acid
in order to produce a solution of 0.1 mol dm-3 ?

A 5.0 cm3
B 12.5 cm3
C 125.0 cm3
Chemistry 2019

D 150.0 cm3

12. 40 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 nitric acid is added to 50 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide.
Calculate the mass of the salt formed in this reaction.
[Relative atomic mass: Na; 23, O; 16, N; 14, H;1]
A 0.85 g
B 1.12 g
C 1.70 g
D 2.55 g
13. 1.0 mole of potassium hydroxide is dissolved in distilled water to form 0.25 dm3 of
solution. What is the molarity of the potassium hydroxide solution?
A 0.25 dm3/mol
B 4.00 dm3/mol
C 0.25 mol/dm3
D 4.00 mol/dm3

14. Which acid contains the highest number of hydrogen ions?

A 20 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid
B 20 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 ethanoic acid
C 20 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 nitric acid
D 20 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid

15. Calculate the mass of sodium hydroxide present in 100 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide
solution.
[Relative atomic mass: H, 1; O, 16; Na, 23]
A 0.4 g
B 0.5 g
C 1.0 g
D 2.0 g

16. The neutralization reaction between nitric acid and barium hydroxide solution is shown in the
equation below.

2HNO3 + Ba(OH)2 à Ba(NO3)2 + 2H2O

Chemistry 2019

10.0 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 barium hydroxide solution was titrated with 0.1 mol dm-3 of nitric acid.
What is the volume of the nitric acid?
A 40 cm3
B 30 cm3
C 20 cm3
D 10 cm3
17. The molarity of potassium hydroxide solution is 0.5 mol dm-3.

What is the concentration of the solution in g dm-3?

[Relative atomic mass: K, 39; O, 16; H, 1]

A 14 g dm-3
B 28 g dm-3
C 56 g dm-3
D 86 g dm-3
18. The following equation shows the reaction between sulphuric acid and potassium hydroxide.

H2SO4 + 2KOH ® K2SO4 + 2H2O

What is the volume of 0.5 mol dm-3 potassium hydroxide solution needed to neutralise 50.0 cm3 of
0.5 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid?

A 25.0 cm3
B 50.0 cm3
C 75.0 cm3
D 100.0 cm3
19. Which of the following is an example of weak acid?
A Nitric acid
B Ethanoic acid
C Suphuric acid
D Hydrochloric acid
20. Which of the following substances is acidic?
A Ammonia
B Potassium oxide
C Carbon dioxide
D Sodium hydroxide