Phil Stud 101
returned from India – use the route
Primo viaggio intorno al mondo
(The First Voyage Around the World)
ni Antonio Pigaffeta
Antonio Pigafetta (1491 – 1534)
 born into a wealthy Vicenza family
 studied navigation among other
things
 served on board the galleys of the
Knights of Rhodes
 accompanied the papal nuncio,
Monsignor Chieregati, to Spain
 he joined the Portuguese captain
Ferdinand Magellan and his
Spanish crew on their trip to the
Maluku Islands
 while in the Philippines Magellan
was killed, and Pigafetta was
injured. Nevertheless, he recovered
and was among only 18 of
Magellan’s original crew who,
having completed the first
circumnavigation of the world,
returned to Spain on board another
vessel, the Victoria
Ferdinand Magellan (1480 – 1521)
 born in Sabrosa, Portugal, to a
family of minor Portuguese
nobility
 at age 12 Ferdinand Magellan
and his brother Diogo traveled to
Lisbon to serve as pages at
Queen Leonora’s court
 1505, Magellan and his brother
were assigned to a Portuguese
fleet headed for India
 in 1513 he joined the enormous
500-ship, 15,000-soldier force
sent by King Manuel to Morocco
to challenge the Moroccan
governor who refused to pay its
yearly tribute to the Portuguese
empire
*A Portuguese turn to Spain
 Magellan had a plan when he
discovered by Columbus in 1492
going to Spice Island
 Magellan asked king Manuel for a
raise in pay – the king refused
 Magellan asked royal permission to
“go and live with someone who
would reward his services”
 King Manuel’s answer – he could do
as he pleased
*Magellan in Spain
 he met influential persons who
helped him obtain royal support for
his plan
 Bishop Juan de Fonseca – president
of the Royal Council of the Indies,
department in charge of overseas
expedition
 Juan de Cartagena – listed as the
bishop’s nephew but actually his son
 Conjunta persona (adjunct officer)
 Antonio de Coca – illegitimate son of
the bishop’s brother. Appointed as
the treasurer of the fleet
 28 March 1518 the contract for the
expedition was signed and Magellan
was named captain-general of the
expedition
 Five rickety ships
- a. Trinidad (commanded by
Magellan), b. San Antonio, c.
Victoria, d. Concepcion, and e.
Santiago
 He received instructions not to enter
the islands on the Portuguese side
of the demarcation line. For his part,
Magellan pledged to locate the
passage across the new world and
sail across the Southern Sea – the
name then given to the Pacific
Ocean – in order to reach the Spice
Islands.
*Dead winds and frozen fingers
 20 September 1519 – Magellan left
Spain
 Sailed closer to African coast and
soon reached “the doldrums”
  (discussion of doldrums)
 Cartagena’s mutiny – discussion
 When the winds finally broke, and
the fleet reached the South
American coast, Magellan looked
into every turn, bay, and river mouth,
hoping it would lead to the Southern
Sea (Pacific Ocean)
 Consumed time, energy and food
supply.
 When they are in the tip of the
Southern American continent, winter
set in
 Nakiusap sila kay Magellan na
bumallik nalang sa España
 Magellan appealed to their honor
 The fleet anchored at San Julian
Bay
 Palm Sunday of 1520 – went ashore
for Mass
 Inimbitahan ni Magellan ang mga
opisyal ang iba pang mga galleon,
ngunit isa lang sa mga ito ang nag
paunlak sa kanyang imbitasyon
 An ominous sign – bad omen
 Mutiny ni Antonio de Coca
*Passage to Pacific
 With the first signs of spring the fleet
continued its search for the passage
leading to the Southern Sea
 Sa paghahanap nila, dito sila
nakaranas ng mga malalakas na
bagyo
 Dahil sa malakas na hangin,
nataboy ang Santiago (pinakamaliit
na galleon) sa dalampasigan at
nasira ito
 The ships met a headwind
 A ship’s captain saw a small opening
at the end of a sharp turn
 Ito na ang daan patungo sa
Southern Sea o Pacific Ocean
 The ships sailed together back to the
straits and found to openings –
southeast and southwest
 Magellan sent the San Antonio to
explore the Southeast opening
 Magellan to Southwest
 Trinidad continued and found a river
– River of Sardines
 They idled for four days with one
boat dispatched to explore the
region
 Back after three days, the boat
reported that there was an open sea
ahead
 20 November 1520 – 14 months
after they had left Spain, Magellan
found what he had always felt was
there - sinabi ni Pigafetta na naiyak
si Magellan sa tuwa. Pinaputok nila
yung mga kanyon ng bawat galleon,
nag celebrate sila

*Saw dust meals and swollen gums
 Instead of biscuit, Magellan’s
men eat sawdust that swarmed
with worms
 Stank strongly of rat’s urine
 Ox hides
 Rats – sold to the highest bidder
 Fell sick with scurvy, the gums of
their teeth are swelling
 20 to 30 died
 06 March 1521 – passed the
middle pacific (ninakawan ng
mga Chamorros)
 16 March 1521 – reached the
Philippines
 Magellan named it the San
Lazaro Island
*Exchange of Presents
 9 men in a boat paddled toward
them. Some were more ornately
dressed than the others
 Seeing them as reasonable men
Magellan gave them red caps,
mirrors, combs, small bells, ivory,
fine linen cloth, and other trifles
 Islanders offered them newly caught
fish, a jar of wine (probably tuba),
bananas and coconuts
 A week later the fleet sailed to
Limasawa Island and was met by
Raja Kolambu
 Kolambu refused to climb up hindi tinanggap ni Lapu-Lapu yung
Magellan’s tall ship. Instead, his men bagong sistema
clambered and received gifts  Zula added that if Magellan could
 Kolambu offered a basket of ginger give him fighting men, he would
and a bar of gold bring the recalcitrant chief around
 Good Friday, Kolambu prevailed to (xiao’s video for the battle of Mactan)
visit Magellan
 Kolambu brought three porcelain
jars of rice, while Magellan gave a
red cap and a red-and-yellow robe
that delighted the raja
 Inilibot ni Magellan si Kolambu sa
barko, at pinakitaan ang raja ng
isang mock fight. Isang sundalo na
nakabaluti laban sa iba pa na
sinubukan itong saktan pero hindi ito
ininda
 07 April 1521 – the ships entered the
Cebu harbor
 Sugbuanons demanded harbor fees
 - sinabi ng interpreter ni Magellan sa
mga sugbuanons na pinadala sila ng
pinakamagiting na hari sa daigdig.
Pero sinabi din niya na nandoon sila
para parangalan ang hari ng Cebu at
makipagkalakalan dito
 Rajah Humabon agreed to forgo the
usual dues

*A blood compact with the Cebuano

 Performed the Kasi-kasi
 Discuss the kasi-kasi procedure
 The Europeans received food,
invited in banquets, and were
allowed to bury a dead European in
a special spot
 Pigafetta was impressed by the royal
etiquette and the wealth of the meals
served
 Honor one’s parent – discuss

*No match for the Mactan Warrior

 In Mactan, there were at least two
chiefs – one of them is Zula yung isa
si Lapu-Lapu
 Zula accepted the new political
system
 Pero pinadala niya yung anak niya
na may dalang dalawang kambing
para sa grupo nila Magellan dahil