E WEB WISE

Protect your computer, by all means, but don't forget to protect yourself, advises web safety expert,
Amanda Knox.

We're always being urged to stay safe online. But in an era where the internet is part of our everyday lives - for
work, fun, study, shopping, even managing finances - it's not always easy to spot the dangers. Web safety expert,
Amanda Knox, explores some of the issues lurking in cyberspace.

Her first piece of advice is to install software and a firewall to protect your computer from viruses, hackers and
criminals who want to steal your data or financial information. "Think of these as your first line of defence," says
Amanda.

So much for protecting yourself against intruders, but what about other problems? Say you've accidentally
deleted an important file or you've been at the mercy of a natural disaster. Katy Marsh runs an online
photography business from home and when a fire destroyed part of her house it could easily have spelled ruin for
her business too. "Luckily I keep a regular back-up of my data so it wasn't a catastrophe." Amanda advises that
while back-ups are good to have we must ensure we protect our computers to start with.

Whilst most of us are aware of the need to protect our computers, it seems we're more lax when it comes to
looking out for ourselves, at least according to a recent web awareness survey. Web safety specialists say better
personal awareness is needed and this is due in part to the rise of 'Social Networking' sites like 'Bebo', 'MySpace'
and 'Facebook', which allow us to connect with people around the world with similar interests and professional
backgrounds. Chris Simpson, a computer programmer, learnt the hard way. "I joined a free online networking
group in the hope of making some professional contacts to help me find a new job. After a month, one of my
online contacts invited me to take out a subscription to a club that promised access to a network of job recruiters.
It turned out to be a waste of money. I ended up a laughing stock with my mates - they couldn't believe that
someone in my job could get taken in so easily." No wonder then that Amanda warns, "It's easy to get
complacent and let our guard down when we meet someone with the same interests online."

This brings us to other potential pitfalls. Are the people you meet online who they really claim to be? Can you be
sure the person you're chatting with is in fact a 22-year-old Maths undergraduate from London and not someone
merely masquerading as a student to win your trust? Khaled, a postgrad from Manchester University, quickly
realised that it was unwise of him to post his phone number and email address in the public forum of an online
academic discussion group. He was soon bombarded with unwanted emails and nuisance phone calls. Yet, it's
astonishing how many highly educated people do this without considering the consequences that anyone in the
world could use the information to make (unwanted) contact.

When networking and joining online communities it's better to be cautious about the amount of personal
information you share. For example, it isn't always necessary to use your real name as a username when
registering for a service. You could instead use a pseudonym, or a name that doesn't give away your real identity
to other users. And is it really important to tell the world details about your school, college or any local clubs
you're a member of? Sometimes it pays to be a little vague and simply say something like 'I'm studying at
college in Madrid at the moment and I'm a member of a local tennis club'.

If you do experience problems from another user be prepared to report them for misusing the service. You'll be
doing other users a favour too. And if all else fails, check to see if it is easy to delete your account and leave the
service if you choose to and that you have the option to delete all your details.

A general rule of thumb is not to post any information about yourself that you would not be
happy for the world to know - not just now but in years to come. This includes photographs of
yourself, particularly embarrassing shots of you at that party which you may later regret! It's
not always easy to remove information after it's been posted so you - not to mention your
future employer - may have an unpleasant surprise a few years down the line.

1 In the second paragraph the phrase 'first line of defence' suggests something
is the only option.
offers protection.
is an instruction.
shows weakness.
2 The effect of the fire was
 worse for Katy's business than her home.
to ruin Katy's business.
not as serious for Katy's business as it could have been.
to make Katy start to back up her data.
According to the web awareness survey, our attitude to our personal safety is rather
relaxed.
concerned.
positive.
uncertain.
Chris first joined the networking group
5 because it promised him a job.
in order to make friends and have fun.
to assist him in a job search.
because it didn't cost him anything.
Regarding Khaled's experience, the writer is surprised that
6 people telephone complete strangers.
people don't think of the results of their actions online.
university students take part in online discussions.
people sent emails to Khaled without asking permission.
What tip does the writer give for joining an online community?
7 Always use a false name.
Make sure you are properly registered.
Limit the information you give to others.
Tell other users where you're studying.
The writer says that you should report troublesome users
8 because other people will benefit.
so you can stop using the service.
only if nothing else works.
if you want to delete your own details.
In the final paragraph, the writer advises people
not to put photos online.
to apply for a job online.

MySpace launches free music site

The online music wars are (1) ____ up. Social networking site MySpace has launched a new music
service that (2) ____ users to listen to millions of songs for free. The new site is called MySpaceMusic
and aims (3) ____ challenge Apple iTunes’ stranglehold on the digital music market. The new product
could also be the beginning of the (4) ____ for illegally downloaded music. MySpaceMusic is in
partnership with four of music’s heavyweights, Sony, Universal, EMI and Warner. It will allow
MySpace users to search (5) ____ songs and add them to an online playlist for free. The songs will
have ads attached. The free tracks cannot be downloaded onto any music players but (6) ____ are
linked to Amazon.com’s music store if users want to buy them and keep them on their iPods.

The record industry sees the new service (7) ____ an important strategy to reverse their (8) ____ of
revenue from falling CD sales. Warner Music Group CEO Edgar Bronfman Jnr said: "This venture
may provide a defining blueprint for this next important (9) ____ in the evolution of social media,
benefiting consumers, artists and music companies alike." The record companies will get money from
MySpace from each song that is streamed (10) ____ users. MySpace gets its revenue from ads placed
on the music pages. Music fans are very excited about the new service. Antonio Gomez from San
Diego said: “That’s it. I’m going to abandon Facebook and join MySpace. There’s nothing better (11)
____ life than being able to download music for free. Especially when it’s all legal and (12) ____
board.”

Put the correct words from the table below in the above article.

1. (a) heating (b) Heated (c) hottest (d) heats

2. (a) allow (b) Allows (c) allowing (d) allowed
3. (a) about to (b) Onto (c) to (d) into
4. (a) lend (b) Bend (c) send (d) end
5. (a) on (b) So (c) at (d) for
6. (a) them (b) Those (c) they (d) these
7. (a) as (b) Was (c) is (d) us
8. (a) lost (b) Loss (c) loser (d) losing
9. (a) stale (b) Stake (c) stage (d) state
10. (a) by (b) In (c) up (d) with
11. (a) of (b) At (c) on (d) in
12. (a) under (b) Above (c) beside (d) inside

Decide whether these sentences are true (T) or false (F):

a. People can listen to millions of songs for free on MySpace. T/F

b. MySpace wants to take a share of the market from Apple iTunes. T/F
c. Free lessons on MySpace will bring the end of illegal downloading. T/F
d. Users can download the MySpace songs onto their music players. T/F
e. The record industry doesn’t like the free song service from MySpace. T/F
f. MySpace will give record companies money for every song listened to. T/F
g. MySpace’s music service will be totally free from advertising. T/F
h. A music lover said he’ll switch from Facebook to use MySpace music. T/F

Internet and World Wide Web

The Internet has become so ubiquitous it's hard to imagine life without it. It's equally hard to imagine a
world where "www" isn't the prefix of many of our online activities. But just because the Internet and
the World Wide Web are firmly intertwined with each other, it doesn't mean they're synonymous.
Let's go back to when it all began. President Dwight D. Eisenhower started the Advanced Research
Projects Agency (ARPA) in 1958 to increase U.S. technological advancements in the shadow of
Sputnik's launch. By October 29, 1969, the first ARPANET network connection between two
computers was launched -- and promptly crashed. But happily, the second time around was much
more successful and the Internet was born. More and more computers were added to this ever-
increasing network and the megalith we know today as the Internet began to form. The rapid growth of
the Internet was greatly aided by the invention of the World Wide Web.

But the creation of the World Wide Web didn't come until decades later, with the help of a man named
Tim Berners-Lee. In 1990, he developed the backbone of the World Wide Web -- the hypertext
transfer protocol (HTTP). People quickly developed browsers which supported the use of HTTP and
with that the popularity of computers skyrocketed. In the 20 years during which ARPANET ruled the
Internet, the worldwide network grew from four computers to more than 300,000. By 1992, more than
a million computers were connected -- only two years after HTTP was developed [source: Computer
History Museum].
You might be wondering at this point what exactly HTTP is -- it's simply the widely used set of rules
for how files and other information are transferred between computers. So what Berners-Lee did, in
essence, was determine how computers would communicate with one another. For instance, HTTP
would've come into play if you clicked the source link in the last paragraph or if you typed the
http://www.howstuffworks.com URL (uniform resource locator) into your browser to get to our home
page. But don't get this confused with Web page programming languages like HTML and XHTML.
We use those to describe what's on a page, not to communicate between sites or identify a Web page's
location. What is the difference between the Internet and World Wide Web? To answer this question,
let's look at each element. And since the Internet seems to be the more easily understood component,
let's start there. Simply, the Internet is a network of networks -- and there are all kinds of networks in
all kinds of sizes. You may have a computer network at your work, at your school or even one at your
house. These networks are often connected to each other in different configurations, which is how you
get groupings such as local area networks (LANs) and regional networks. Your cell phone is also on a
network that is considered part of the Internet, as are many of your other electronic devices. And all
these separate networks -- added together -- are what constitute the Internet. Even satellites are
connected to the Internet. The World Wide Web, on the other hand, is the system we use to access the
Internet. The Web isn't the only system out there, but it's the most popular and widely used. (Examples
of ways to access the Internet without using HTTP include e-mail and instant messaging.) As
mentioned on the previous page, the World Wide Web makes use of hypertext to access the various
forms of information available on the world's different networks. This allows people all over the world
to share knowledge and opinions. We typically access the Web through browsers, like Internet
Explorer and Mozilla Firefox. By using browsers like these, you can visit various Web sites and view
other online content. So another way to think about it is to say the Internet is composed of the
machines, hardware and data; and the World Wide Web is what brings this technology to life.

Decide whether these sentences are true (T) or false (F):

1. World Wide Web is another expression for the Internet.

2. The first network connection ran smoothly.
3. The first network started with 20 computers.
4. We use XTHML to find out the page content.
5. Internet does not concern local area networks.
6. Handy is a sort of network.
7. World Wide Web needs hypertext to get data from networks.
8. Internet consists of hardware and technology.
9. Instant messaging uses hypertext.
10. Browsers allow us to access information on the Internet.

Complete the text with these words:

action take suicide posted alerted username

whole profile

Hollywood actress Demi Moore has used Twitter to stop a woman committing __________. The suicidal
woman, known only by her Twitter __________ “Sandieguy”, sent Demi Moore a tweet. Her Twitter message
outlined how she intended to __________ her own life. She wrote: "Getting a knife, a big one that is sharp.
Going to cut my arm down the __________ arm so it doesn't waste time. Goodbye. Gonna kill myself now.”
Moore saw the message on her Twitter page and immediately __________ the reply: “I hope you are joking”.
Some of the 370,000 subscribers to Moore’s page also sprung into __________. They looked at Sandieguy’s
__________ to find her location. They __________ police in San Jose, California, who found her and took her to
get medical help.

concept save network efforts crime uses

read to
San Jose Police Department Public Information Officer Jermaine Thomas told America’s ABC news
__________ how Twitter helped in saving the woman’s life. He said he could see many __________ for Twitter
in helping the police in the future. He told ABC: "This Twitter __________ is so new. This is the first time it's
led us to what could have been a very real __________. [Twitter] could be yet another __________ to find out
what's going on out there." Demi Moore was very thankful her social networking site helped __________ a life.
She posted a message to say thank you, which __________: “Thanks everyone for reaching out to the San Jose
PD…I am inspired by the enormous response of humanity…Through the collective __________ here, action was
taken to provide help.”
Fill in the blanks using the words in the box below.

about after away back by for in into off on over together up

1. We had some problems when we checked the hotel. They had reserved the room under the

wrong name.

2. My book club meets regularly to discuss selected novels. In fact, we are getting next week

to talk about a really unique mystery novel called Illusion.

3. Mrs. Jones's husband passed last Friday. We are going to attend his funeral next week.

4. In the dream, my wallet turned a butterfly and flew away. Isn't that symbolic. I think I'd

better stop spending so much money.

5. Before the plane took , the flight attendant told everyone to fasten their seat belts and put

their chairs in an upright position.

6. Don't forget to put your gloves . It is cold outside!

7. The police chased the robber down the street and through the park but they couldn't catch him. He

got by jumping on the back of a passing truck.

8. Fred told us to keep . He said the dog was very aggressive and that it might even be rabid.

9. I am looking an apartment near the beach. I would like a studio or a one bedroom with a

view of the ocean.

10. I can't believe how much John takes his father. They look and act exactly the same.

11. I can mail the letter for you. I go the post office on my way to work.

12. If you watch your money, stay in hostels, make your own food, and plan carefully, you can get

there on less than $30.00 a day.

13. If you don't understand the word "superstitious," look it in the dictionary.

14. For legal reasons, our lawyer wants to go the papers thoroughly before we sign them.

15. Popular protest and extensive media coverage finally helped bring change in the country's

environmental policies.
16. Mr. Octavio checked our names the list one by one as we entered the room.

17. I can't hear what they are saying on TV. Can you please turn it ?

18. This radio station is based in Chicago, which is 60 miles from here. That is why the broadcast

doesn't come clearly.

19. This is the most intensive language course I have ever taken. I have to study four hours per night

just to keep with the pace of the class.

20. I think the experiment supports my theory, but I need to go the results a couple of times to

make sure that no mistakes were made while collecting the data.

Type the correct modal for the following sentences. Sometimes negative forms are used. When you have answered all the
questions, click on the Get score button at the bottom of the page to see your score and the correct answers.

1. Mary was sick in the hospital. She go on the picnic.

2. Is your brother really fast? he run a kilometer in under 3 minutes?

3. John knows all about the Internet. He help you understand it.

4. Before I started school, I couldn' read English. Now I .

5. It is raining outside. You take an umberella.

6. It's very late. You go to bed.

7. James took Susie out to dinner last night. She cook dinner.

8. Henry's car broke down. He walk home.

9. Joe was on holidays. He go to work.

10. You don't look well. You go home.

1. Mary's trip took much longer than we had expected, so she (be) very tired.

2. You (pay) for the drinks. They are served free of charge in honor of the grand
opening.

3. I bought a cassette player for my presentation tomorrow, but Celine phoned and reminded me that
she wouldn't use hers on my presentation date. As a result I spent my money in vain. Indeed, I (buy)
it.

4. Nobody applied for the vacant position and we urgently need a secretary. It's just my fault, I (fire)
Helen yesterday.

5. Our television set isn't working. It (damage) before delivery.

6. Selim decided not to join us for the party. He (stay) at the dorm to finish his
graduation thesis.

7. This car is in terrible condition - you (have) an accident any time.

8. Karen (live) in our neighborhood. I regularly see her every day.

9. I (take) some cash with me, the restaurant may not accept credit cards.

10. The exam yesterday was very hard, despite this I (get) a passing grade.

11. I am asking if you hold your breath for 5 minutes.

12. You (see) my bother this morning as he has been in England for a year.

13. I rather not go by car if you don't mind.

14. You (worry) about paying your credit card debt. I have already done it.

15. I (phone) you even if I had wanted to do so, because there were no phones at around.

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