Bulan x1 x2 x3 x4 x5

Januari 27.3 48.8 1010 81 4.6

Februari 28 72.8 1011 78 4.2
Maret 27.8 64.4 1010.8 81 3.8
April 27.6 66.6 1010.4 83 3.8
Mei 27.3 64.2 1009.4 87 3.5
Juni 26 33.9 1011.5 90 3.3
Juli 25.9 40.6 1010.9 90 3.3
Agustus 25.7 43 1011.5 91 3.5
September 26.4 60.9 1009.7 88 3.5
Oktober 27 62.4 1008.7 86 3.6
November 27 64.9 1008.4 85 3.6
Desember 26.8 45 1006.3 85 3.6

Algoritma

Flow chart

Fungsi R untuk analisis komponen utama :

 Input Data

x1<-c(27.3,28,27.8,27.6,27.3,26,25.9,25.7,26.4,27,27,26.8)

x2<-c(48.8,72.8,64.4,66.6,64.2,33.9,40.6,43,60.9,62.4,64.9,45)

x3<-c(1010,1011,1010.8,1010.4,1009.4,1011.5,1010.9,1011.5,1009.7,1008.7,1008.4,1006.3)

x4<-c(81,78,81,83,87,90,90,91,88,86,85,85)

x5<-c(4.6,4.2,3.8,3.8,3.5,3.3,3.3,3.5,3.5,3.6,3.6,3.6)

data=data.frame(x1,x2,x3,x4,x5)

summary(data)

x1 x2 x3 x4 x5

Min. :25.70 Min. :33.90 Min. :1006 Min. :78.00 Min. :3.300

1st Qu.:26.30 1st Qu.:44.50 1st Qu.:1009 1st Qu.:82.50 1st Qu.:3.500

Median :27.00 Median :61.65 Median :1010 Median :85.50 Median :3.600

Mean :26.90 Mean :55.62 Mean :1010 Mean :85.42 Mean :3.692

3rd Qu.:27.38 3rd Qu.:64.53 3rd Qu.:1011 3rd Qu.:88.50 3rd Qu.:3.800

Max. :28.00 Max. :72.80 Max. :1012 Max. :91.00 Max. :4.600
 Mencari Matriks Korelasi

cor(data)

x1 x2 x3 x4 x5

x1 1.0000000 0.8068091 -0.1544019 -0.9264711 0.6626523

x2 0.8068091 1.0000000 -0.1310059 -0.6549232 0.3528668

x3 -0.1544019 -0.1310059 1.0000000 0.1055175 0.0300610

x4 -0.9264711 -0.6549232 0.1055175 1.0000000 -0.8291973

x5 0.6626523 0.3528668 0.0300610 -0.8291973 1.0000000

 Mencari Matriks Varians-Kovarians

cov(data)

x1 x2 x3 x4 x5

x1 0.5781818 7.720909 -0.17818182 -2.8727273 0.18909091

x2 7.7209091 158.391136 -2.50227273 -33.6113636 1.66659091

x3 -0.1781818 -2.502273 2.30333333 0.6530303 0.01712121

x4 -2.8727273 -33.611364 0.65303030 16.6287879 -1.26893939

x5 0.1890909 1.666591 0.01712121 -1.2689394 0.14083333

 Melakukan standarisasi karena data yang digunakan memiliki perbedaan yang cukup jauh

data[]=lapply(data,function (x) if (is.numeric(x)){scale(x,center=TRUE,scale=TRUE)}else x)

data[]

x1 x2 x3 x4 x5

1 0.5260509 -0.5422970 0.07687204 -1.0830895 2.4204300

2 1.4466400 1.3646815 0.73577522 -1.8187729 1.3545526

3 1.1836145 0.6972390 0.60399458 -1.0830895 0.2886751

4 0.9205891 0.8720454 0.34043331 -0.5926339 0.2886751

5 0.5260509 0.6813475 -0.31846987 0.3882774 -0.5107329

6 -1.1836145 -1.7262129 1.06522681 1.1239608 -1.0436716

7 -1.3151273 -1.1938480 0.66988490 1.1239608 -1.0436716

8 -1.5781527 -1.0031502 1.06522681 1.3691886 -0.5107329

9 -0.6575636 0.4191380 -0.12079892 0.6335052 -0.5107329

 10 0.1315127 0.5383241 -0.77970210 0.1430496 -0.2442636

11 0.1315127 0.7369677 -0.97737305 -0.1021783 -0.2442636

12 -0.1315127 -0.8442353 -2.36106973 -0.1021783 -0.2442636

 Mencari nilai eigen dan vector eigen

eigen(cov(data))

eigen() decomposition

$values

[1] 3.16028772 1.02956734 0.64755359 0.13089261 0.03169874

$vectors

[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5]

[1,] -0.54393436 -0.04549465 -0.1567095 0.50675582 0.6486187844

[2,] -0.44665602 -0.15371194 -0.6890895 -0.53253295 -0.1357766936

[3,] 0.08634079 0.93885697 -0.3244419 0.07635606 0.0002153806

[4,] 0.54474435 -0.07823418 -0.1733473 -0.39261231 0.7161978059

[5,] -0.44769707 0.29449936 0.6043889 -0.54738699 0.2189041307

# Menggunakan Cara Lain Untuk Mendapatkan eigen vector

pca=prcomp(data,center=TRUE,scale.=TRUE)

pca

Standard deviations (1, .., p=5):

[1] 1.7777198 1.0146760 0.8047071 0.3617908 0.1780414

Rotation (n x k) = (5 x 5):

PC1 PC2 PC3 PC4 PC5

x1 -0.54393436 0.04549465 -0.1567095 0.50675582 0.6486187844

x2 -0.44665602 0.15371194 -0.6890895 -0.53253295 -0.1357766936

x3 0.08634079 -0.93885697 -0.3244419 0.07635606 0.0002153806

x4 0.54474435 0.07823418 -0.1733473 -0.39261231 0.7161978059

x5 -0.44769707 -0.29449936 0.6043889 -0.54738699 0.2189041307

 summary(pca)

Importance of components:

PC1 PC2 PC3 PC4 PC5

Standard deviation 1.7777 1.0147 0.8047 0.36179 0.17804

Proportion of Variance 0.6321 0.2059 0.1295 0.02618 0.00634

Cumulative Proportion 0.6321 0.8380 0.9675 0.99366 1.00000

 Plot Dari Komponen Utama

plot(pca,type="l")