CHAPTER I

Background of the Study

Academic performance of students is the center around which the whole

education system revolves. The success and failure of any educational institution
is measured in terms of academic performance of students. And NCAE is a career
direction program through an aptitude test administered to students so they can
know what course should they take on college and what track should they go in
their Senior Year.

The ultimate aim of education is to develop in the learner the desirable

knowledge and skills, values and attitudes. In Philippine educational institutions,
success is measured by the student’s academic performance or how well a
student meets standards set y the local government and the institution itself. A
good academic performance, however, is not the only determinant of triumph in
the working world. Non-academic factors also matter. The aptitude, inclination
and skills of the student should be taken into consideration, especially when they
apply for college and choose their career paths. Through that, the country’s local
government officials came up with the National Career Assessment Examination
or NCAE. According to the former Department of Education Secretary, Mr. Jesli A.
Lapus, the NCAE mainly seeks to guide graduating students on what career path
is fitted for them. Both Public and Private schools are doing an NCAE exam
through the years since it’s mandatory.

The National Career Assessment Examination or NCAE is a test taken by

high school students in the Philippines that determines their strengths in different

1
career fields. It was first given in January 2007 and replaces the former National
College Entrance Examination. Purpose of the Test o The purpose of the NCAE
is to help students determine which courses they should study in college and
what sort of career they are best suited for. Department of Education (DepEd) is
all set to administer the National Career Assessment Examination (NCAE) to all
third year students of public and private schools on August 29, 2012. NCAE 2012
is an aptitude test geared toward providing information through test results for
self-assessment, career awareness and career guidance of high school students
for their post-secondary courses and application for scholarship. In view of the
foregoing, the researchers conducted an assessment on the significant
relationship between the NCAE results and the academic performance of the
Senior High School students of Christian Academy of Makati.

A researcher named Precy Oliveros studied about the Analysis of the

National Career Assessment Examination (NCAE) and Academic Performance of
the Fourth year High School students in Antipolo National High School. And the
result he got is that There is no significant relationship between the performance
in each of the four areas of General Scholastic Aptitude Test namely: Scientific
Ability, Mathematical Ability, Reading Comprehension, and the academic
performance of the students in the subjects: English, Mathematics and Science.
Another researchers studied about the Relation of the STEM students
performance in NCAE and their Academic performance that aims to determine if
the students’ performance in the National Career Assessment Examination
(NCAE) is significantly correlated to their academic performance in the
succeeding grade levels. The statistical findings revealed that the learners got the
highest grade in Science both in NCAE and Grade 10, While English in Grade 11.
Significant positive relation of the students’ Performance were consistently
observed in the three academic areas and in the three grade levels.

2
Statement of the Problem

This study aims to find out if there are any relations about a Senior High
school Student’s final score in their NCAE and their general weighted average
obtained during 1st semester, S.Y. 2017- 2018.

Specifically sought to answer the following:

1. What are the General Scholastic Aptitude (GSA) on the students in their NCAE
result?

2.What are the average score of the students NCAE result in their Academic
track?

3.Is there a significant relationship between the students’ NCAE result and their
academic performance?

3
 Significance of the study

This study was conducted to determine whether or not there is a

significant relationship existing between the NCAE scores and the academic
performance of the Senior High School students in Christian Academy of Makati.
It is hoped that the study will be useful to all those concerned in improving and
strengthening the present condition of teaching and learning activities especially
to the following:

Students. The findings of this study will be beneficial to the students to challenge
or motivate them to try to pursue their studies better regardless of being an
achiever or underachiever and continue their efforts to develop their potentials to
the maximum.

Teachers. This will enable them to examine closely their teaching strategies and
review their instructional objectives and processes for a high level of performance
as a school.

Parents. The information that will be derived from this study will encourage them
to provide better and higher education, living conditions and harmonious family
relations. Furthermore, the study will make it possible for them to help their
children decide on what course to take so that time, money and effort will not be
unnecessarily wasted.

School Administrators. The outcome of this study hopes to serve as a basis for
the school to determine the extent of the realization of the objectives of the school
and the study in general.

Researchers. Being the inquirers of this study, the researchers will be

enlightened with their queries on the correlation of the NCAE results and the
Academic Performance of the students.

4
Career Planners. It will help them know their objectives, marketable skills,
strengths, and weaknesses. And will help them Strategically plan their career
goals and create their future work success by designing learning and action plans
to help them achieve their goals.

SCOPE AND LIMITATION

This study was concerned with the relationship of the NCAE and the
academic performance of the Senior High School Students in CAM whether they
chose the track that is based on their Performance or not. A total of 30 students
will compose the population of the study. The investigation is focused on the
General Weighted average of the students and their Test Result on NCAE.

The study will get the the NCAE and the General weighted average Result of
30 Senior High School students using Stratified random sampling, limited only to
the general weighted average obtained during their first semester, S.Y.
2017-2018. And the study will be conducted within the vicinity of Christian
Academy of Makati.

5
Definition of Terms

Academic Performance- The student’s report on their Midterm and Finals on the
first semester. It is measured by the the general weighted average score by the
end of the first semester. It is the average of all their grades on each subject in
their midterms and finals.

Academic Track- One of the track choices in the NCAE examination in which,
when a student’s result is high on the academic track. They will fall on it’s three
strands. STEM, HUMSS and ABM

National Career Examination (NCAE)- An examination that is done only in the

Philippines to help the students chose what tracks or strands is appropriate for
them.And with it’s Average result, it will help the researchers to find out it’s
relation to a student’s academic performance.

GSA (GENERAL SCHOLASTIC APTITUDE)- The overall or average grade of the

student’s in their NCAE result. It’s based on the STEM, ABM and HUMSS track
score results.

6
 CHAPTER 2

RELATED LITERATURE

Local Literature

The National Career Assessment Examination or NCAE is a test taken by high

school students in the Philippines that determines their strengths in different career
fields. As to DepEd order 55 s. 2016, Section 4 about career assesment, that In order
to guide the conduct of career guidance at the school level and to ensure the
development of skills and competencies required in the world of work, DepEd shall
conduct a career assessment through the Bureau of Education Assessment (BEA) to
Grade 9 students beginning School Year 2016-2017. To provide guidance to
individual learners for their future educational and their career choice. And The
Academic Performance of students is the center around which the whole education
system revolves. The success and failure of any educational institution is measured
in terms of academic performance of students. Though there aren’t much researchers
focused on the study of the relationship between the NCAE and Academic
performance of the students, Entrance exam can relate to NCAE since NCAE just got
implemented years ago.

Foreign Literature

There is considerable literature relating entrance examinations to college

performance in developed countries like the US and in developing countries. The
results mostly show a positive correlation between entrance exam scores
and academic performance, mainly indicated by grades either in the first year or
the whole four year program, graduation or number of study credits. The coverage of
the analyses often include all type of students but there are also others that are for
specific disciplines.The studies in developed countries, e.g. the US. Morgan (1987),
for example, find there is a strong correlation between performance in coursework in
math, natural science, and foreign languages and SAT-Mathematical course while

7
SAT-verbal with foreign language coursework. Although it has been argued that this
may have been inflated because the scores in standardized tests are highly
correlated with socioeconomic background (Rothstein,2004). Results from
developing countries are mixed. The results in Chinese universities
show strong correlation between their entrance examination and
undergraduate grade point average (Bai, Chi and Qian, 2013). Similar
results are found in a university in Ethiopia (Zekaris, Aba-Milki and Mikre,
2015)). The results from Turkish universities, on the other hand, show low correlation
between academic performance and their entrance exam test (Agazade, et al.,2014).

It is interesting to note the results in Armstrong and Carthy (2003) that indicates that

predictive ability of the standardized entrance exam scores on college

success is found stronger for students with low income levels
and socioeconomic backgrounds. Finally, there are also results showing positive
impacts in specific fields of specialization,e.g. medicine (Zhou et al, 2014, Murshid,
2013, Shiyue, et al., 2015), social science and engineering (Hakkinen, 2004)
and agriculture (Garton, et al. (2000).

Local Studies

Kenni conducted a research paper entitled choosing a career. The study

determined the main objective of administering the NCAE at assessing the possible
career tracks of each student. This helped the students decide at the course they
would likely to succeed in. Students have a lot of a career option in their mind.
Parents have also career options for their child. But with the results of NCAE,
students and parents can better decide on what career path to choose where their
child would likely to meet success.

It is also stated that NCAE can serve as a guide for students in setting their goals in
college. It is also aimed to address the problem of unemployment due to the “Job skill
mismatched” in the country. Deped secretary for programs and project Vilma
Labrador emphasize the importance of students and graduates being able to provide

8
the skills demanded by the market so that they can be employed regardless of their
educational background.

9
 Solmerin (2007) states that in one of his rare press
briefings by Lapus said about the National Career Assessment Examination. Would
help students determine the college course to be taken in account to their ability and
the requirements of the job market. “Job skil”l mismatch is a major challenge right
now. A large number of trained graduates are left unemployed or underemployed
because they do not meet the requirement of the job market

Bas and Espinas (2008) believe that NCAE could greatly

help them in becoming what they really wanted in life. Most of them do not have
concrete plans yet on what career they will pursue and in most cases; they enrolled
in courses that are presently in demand or get in to the field chosen by parents or
friend. The high school students need a guidance to identify their strengths and
talents so that they will be place in the field where they may excel and where these
talents are maximized. Related studies previously conducted studies were reviewed
by the researchers as they were deemed relevant to the study to be undertaken. It is
also stated in Soho (2007) that more than half of the high school students in the
country are fit to enroll in technical-vocational courses that enter college according to
the result of the National Career Assessment Examination conducted by the DepEd.
More that 50% of the 1.3 million students who took NCAE on January 17,2007 got a
low score in general scholastic aptitude test but many of them did well in technical
vocation aptitude.

Foreign Studies

Most teacher education programs use students’ grade point average

(GPA) as a criterion for admission (Mikotovics;Crehan, 2002). Some programs
combine GPA with ratings of a written profile, which requires applicants to describe
relevant experiences and why they are interested in teaching or with letters of

10
reference (Caskey, Peterson, & Temple, 2001) or with ratings of applicants’
performance in an interview (Denner, Salzman, Newsome, 2001). In the United
States, standardized test results are commonly used. Results from specific
pre-requisite education courses also may be utilized.Finally, for applicants intending
to become high school teachers, most consecutive programs require university-level
coursework in the subject areas to be taught. Grade Point Average. GPA is the most
widely used criterion for admission to teacher education programs (Lawrence &
Crehan, 2001; Mikitovics &; Crehan, 2002). It is generally believed to measure
academic ability and so is thought to predict success in the instructional parts of the
programs. However, a more important reason for its popularity as a criterion is likely
its ready availability from students’ transcripts and its use by other advanced degree
programs. Written Profile.The second most widely used criterion for entrance into
teacher education programs is an applicant profile, typically consisting of written
responses to specific questions about relevant experiences and interest in teaching.
Such a profile includes much of the same information that could be elicited in an
individual interview.The responses may be reviewed by the teacher education
program for evidence of appropriate preparation and genuine interest and for
evidence of unsuitability for teaching (Caskey, Peterson & Temple, 2001).

In Ontario, all but one teacher education program uses some form of
profile or essay response for screening applicants (Teacher Education Application
Services, TEAS, 2004). Interview. The interview provides a unique opportunity for the
teacher education program to gather information about an applicant’s language
proficiency, attitudes, and interpersonal skills, in addition to information similar to that
which could be gleaned from a written profile (Denner et. al., 2001).

Interview ratings have also been found to be of limited value for predicting
student teaching performance (Byrnes et. al., 2000; Caskey et. al., 2001; Denner et.
al., 2001).However, they found that ratings of applicants’ performance in a group
interview predicted student teaching performance and that this type of interview was
a better predictor than academic criteria. More recently, Byrnes, Kiger, and
Shechtman (2000) studied 65 pre-service teachers, comparing their university

11
supervisors’ and supervising teachers’ ratings of their student teaching performance
with their ratings from a group interview intended to assess applicants’ verbal,
interpersonal, and leadership skills.The group interview ratings added significantly to
the prediction of the university supervisors’ ratings of the pre-service teachers’
student teaching performance, after controlling for the contributions of GPA and ACT
test scores, but not to the prediction of the supervising teachers’ ratings.

Chapter 3

Methodology

This chapter presents the research method used in carrying out the study on
the Academic Performances and the National Career Assessment Examination
Scores of Grade 11 Senior High Students in Christian Academy of Makati.

This Chapter contains the research design, subjects of the study, the
population to be tested, the instruments in gathering the data and the procedures and
the statistical treatment that the researchers used in the analysis of the findings.

Research Design

The researchers utilized the Descriptive Method and the Correlation type
of the study to get the precise result of the study. The researchers made use of the
sources they gathered from the Senior Department to find out the most general result
of the study.

This research used the Correlation test in order to determine if there

exist a relationship between the two variables.

12
Population, Samples and Sampling Procedure

The population in this study included all the students in Senior High
School Department of Christian Academy of Makati. The sample drawn from the
three sections of Grade 11 Senior High School namely, Deborah, Isaiah and
Nehemiah. Simple Random Sampling was employed in selecting the students to
gather their Academic Performances and NCAE scores by the researchers. Students
with no NCAE result were disqualified as samples of this study.

Sources of Data

The researchers used a formal letter to get or to obtain the data of this study
since this researches considered only the recorded data from the admission office
and class advisers.

The researchers sought permission from the Department head of the Senior
High School Department for the data which are the NCAE result and Academic
Performances for the first semester of the Grade 11 students. There was no research
instrument used as long as the researchers have the record of NCAE result and
Academic performance, then they would get information to answer the questions
based in this study.

Statistical Treatment of Data

13
 To interpret the data gathered by the researchers and to know if there
is a relationship between the NCAE results and Academic Performances of the Grade
11 students. The researchers used the Coefficient Pearson Product Correlation Test.

The formula is:

14
 CHAPTER 4

This chapter presents the necessary gathered data, analyzed, and

interpreted in response to the queries in this study. The gathered data were organized,
tabulated, statistically treated , and analyzed.

Table I. Frequency distribution of the Respondents’ NCAE results

General Scholastic Aptitude Frequency Percentage %

0-15 0 0

16-30 4 13.33

31- 45 5 16.67

46-60 3 10.00

61- 75 8 26.67

76- 90 4 13.33

91- 100 6 20.00

n= 30 100

Table 1 shows the number of the students who got a General Scholastic
Aptitude (GSA) in different class intervals and corresponding percentages.The first
row showed that no student got a GSA of 0-15 as a score and it’s percentage is 0. A
total of 4 students with a percentage of 13.33% got a score of 16- 30 in their GSA.
With a percentage of 16.67%, 5 students got a score of 31- 45. Fourth row shows that
3 students with a percentage of 10% got a score of 46- 60. With a percentage of 26.
67%, 8 students got 61- 75 as their GSA. 4 students with 13.33% got 76- 90 as their
GSA and finally, 6 people with a percentage of 20% got a 91-100 score in their GSA.

15
Table II. Frequency distribution correlation coefficient by the Grade 11 Senior High
students

General Weighted Average Frequency Percentage %

Below 75 0 0

76-80 3 10

81-85 10 30

86-90 14 50

91-95 3 10

96-100 0 0

n=30 100

The table II showed the recorded data of Students’ General Weighted Average
(GWA). This showed that 50% of the students has a passing gssrade or has an
average of 86-90 for the first semester and no students got a failing grade of 75 below,
so does the highest grade which is 96-100.

Table III. Scatter plot of the Respondents’ NCAE results and General Weighted
Average

16
 96
94
92
90
88
86
84
82
80
78
76
0 20 40 60 80 100 120

The data was showed by a scatter plot and the researchers defined how
strong the relationship between the NCAE result and GWA is. In terms of linearity,
the researchers concluded that the plot is linear because most of the data can be
form in a straight line. And the trend or slope of the data in the scatter plot is positive
because the data points behaved in an increasing manner.The relationship of the
data of the scatter in the plot is strong because the data are close to each other.

General Weighted
Average

NCAE Result r=0.778

The computed correlation coefficient was 0.778. ( See Appendix C). The
result of the study is that There is a strong positive correlation between the NCAE

17
score and your Academic Performance. It means that if you’re high on your NCAE,
you will have a high Academic performance and vice versa

18
 Chapter 5

Findings, Conclusion and Recommendation

This chapter summarizes the findings of the study and the presents

conclusions and recommendations based on the results and findings.

From the Researchers, it was found out that:

General summary

The aim of the study is to find out if there are any relations
about a Senior High school Student’s final score in their NCAE and their general
weighted average obtained during 1st semester, S.Y. 2017- 2018. This will also find
the GSA or General Scholastic Aptitude and Academic Performance of the students.
This research used the Correlation test in order to determine if there exist a
relationship between the two variables. The population in this study included all the
students in Senior High School Department of Christian Academy of Makati that was
picked through Random Name Picker. To interpret the data gathered by the
researchers and to know if there is a relationship between the NCAE results and
Academic Performances of the Grade 11 students. The researchers used the
Coefficient Pearson Product Correlation Test.

Summary of Findings

 The result of the test is that NCAE results and Academic performance have a

strong positive correlation. With a correlation of 0.778 percent.

 About half of the students who have a high GSA or a passing result, passed their

Academic Performance for the first semester.

Conclusions

19
Based from the findings of this study, The following conclusions were drawn:

 Even though there are students who got a low GSA for their NCAE result, they

still passed their Academic Performance.

 The test revealed that If a student have a high result on their NCAE, They are

most likely to passed or have a high average for their Academic Performance.

Recommendation

Recommendations based for further research are documented in this

section.

 For further studies, The researchers recommend to investigate on the gender

difference of the respondents if female students perform better than the male

students or vice versa.

 Also, It can also be investigated according to the schools the students attended

before and the kinds of teaching in those schools. It can help the future

researchers to understand and have a better findings.

 Also, further study needs to be done to determine areas in which students are

active and not active,in terms of the GSA and their different subjects in their

Academic Performance.

20
APPENDICES

Appendix A

The sources that the researchers used to investigate more about their study. The

reference where they got the informations are listed below:

Michelle Navarro “NCAE Academic and Non-Academic Performances”

https://www.academia.edu/27745698/NCAE_Academiand_Non-Academic_Performa
nces

Flordeliza P. Ferrer, Roberto J. Dela Cruz “CORRELATION OF STEM STUDENTS’

PERFORMANCE IN THE NATIONAL CAREER ASSESSMENT EXAMINATION AND
ACADEMIC SUBJECTS”

https://www.grdspublishing.org/index.php/people/article/view/432

Alex Oliveros “Analysis of the National Career Assessment Examination”

https://prezi.com/exydfaksbvqw/analysis-of-the-national-career-assessment-examina
tion-ncae/

21
Lissabeth Ross “ The Importance of a National Career Assessment Examination”

Assessment

https://classroom.synonym.com/importance-national-career-assessment-examinatio
n-7484533.html

Appendix B

List of the respondents (Senior High School students) in Christian Academy

of Makati the study and their result based on their General Scholastic Aptitude and
Academic Performance. The following data are listed below:

Student 1 22 82.8

Student 2 62 86.1

Student 3 32 78

22
Student 4 64 90.8

Student 5 96 93.5

Student 6 78 83.2

Student 7 88 86

Student 8 97 91.2

Student 9 72 86.7

Student 10 80 89.9

Student 11 38 87.1

Student 12 55 85.3

Student 13 41 78.7

Student 14 52 87.1

Student 15 94 89

Student 16 45 82.5

Student 17 86 87.5

Student 18 28 82.8

Student 19 68 85.5

Student 20 64 86.7

Student 21 70 82.5

Student 22 70 88.4

Student 23 57 82.4

Student 24 97 88

Student 25 92 88.9

Student 26 72 87.9

Student 27 26 80.8

Student 28 19 79

Student 29 34 80.6

Student 30 99 89.3

Appendix C

23
The formula used by the researchers to study the relationship of the NCAE result and
Academic performance.

24
25