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GRAPHICS

I Introduction
Graphics are visual elements often used to point readers and viewers to particular
information. They are also use to supplement text in an effort to aid reader and visual
learner in understanding of a particular concept or make clear and interesting.

II Body
Graphics
The term graphics comes from the Greek word graphein, which means “to write”,
“to draw” or “to present by lines”. Graphics are instructional materials, which present
summarized information and ideas through drawings, words, pictures, and symbols.
Graphics are generally abstract.
Drawings and Illustrations
Drawings and illustrations are non-photographic reconstructions or
representations of reality, etched or drawn by an illustrator. Illustrations serve a variety of
functions such as: giving faces to characters in a story; Displaying a numbers of examples
of an item described in a textbook; Visualizing stepwise sets or instructions in a technical
manual; Communicating subtle thematic tone in a narrative; and Making a reader laugh
or smile.
Charts
Charts are instructional materials, which present relationships such as
chronologies, quantities and hierarchies. They usually appear as tables and flowcharts,
and present a combination of pictorial, graphic, numerical or verbal materials.
1. Flowcharts
2. Classification Charts
3. Tabular Charts
4. Organizational Charts
5. Stream or Tree Charts
6. Timeline Charts
Diagrams
Although considered as charts, these consist of lines and symbols that show the
relationships or key features of a process, an object or an area. Diagrams could be very
abstract such as construction blueprints or very simple such as diagrams showing
relationships of verbs, subject or other parts of speech in English grammar classes
Different Types of Diagrams
• Venn Diagram • Cycle Diagram • Radial Diagram • Pyramid Diagram • Target Diagram
Graphs
Graphs are instructional materials, which represent numerical data. Graphs also
illustrate relationships among units of data and trends in the data. Graphs could be
produce from tabular charts, or could be easily made through computer spreadsheet
applications, such as Microsoft Excel.
Different Types of Graphs
1. Line Graphs
2. Bar Graphs
3. Circle or Pie Graphs
4. Picture Graphs or Pictographs
Posters
Posters are materials, which combine images, lines, colors, and words. These
materials intend to present a brief, persuasive message. Posters may be obtained from
a variety of sources. Teachers and students can also prepare these. • A good poster is
simple and should be able to convey a message quickly.
Cartoons and Drawings
Cartoons are colorful line drawings with exaggerated features or symbols that
provide humor or satire. They usually appear in newspaper, periodicals, and textbooks.
Cartoons also include comic strips or strip drawings, which is a sequence of closely
related drawings, intended to make important social and political comments.
Maps and Globes
Maps are instructional materials, which represent the Earth’s portion of the Earth’s
surface. Globes, on the other hand, are spherical models of the Earth. However, even
though a globe is three-dimensional, it can be classify as a “graphic” because of the use
of symbols, words, and drawings.
Classification of Maps
• Physical maps – emphasize terrain and topographical concepts
• Political maps – emphasize man-made phenomena such as state, city or provincial
boundaries or location of highways or railroads or government buildings
• Special purpose maps – these are the maps used for peculiar purposes like those
presenting amount of rainfall, population distribution, and travel routes.
Classification of Globes
• Political globes – show location and boundaries of cities, provinces and other man-
made structures.
• Physical-political globes – show some political features but emphasize land
elevations and ocean depths.
• Special purpose globe – these are globes constructed for specific purposes such
as satellite globes, celestial globes, and physical relief globes.

III Conclusion
Graphics are instructional materials, which present summarized information and
ideas. Graphics are visual elements often used to point readers and viewers to particular
information. They are also used to supplement text in an effort to aid readers in their
understanding of a particular concept or make the concept more clear or interesting.
Activity. Quiz meal mo ‘to!
DIRECTIONS: Read the questions carefully and use the answer sheet provided for your
answers.
1. Instructional materials, which present relationships such as chronologies, quantities
and hierarchies.
a. charts b. drawings and illustrations c. diagram d. graphs
2. Although considered as charts, these consist of lines and symbols that show the
relationships or key features of a process, an object or an area.
a. charts b. drawings and illustrations c. diagram d. graphs
3. These are instructional materials, which represent numerical data and illustrate
relationships among units of data and trends in the data.
a. charts b. drawings and illustrations c. diagram d. graphs
4. All of these are different types of graphs, EXCEPT one.
a. Line Graphs b. Parallel Graphs c. Pie Graphs d. Pictographs
5. All of these are examples of charts, EXCEPT one.
a. Flowcharts b. Classification Charts c. Tabular d. Circle Charts
6. These materials intend to present a brief, persuasive message.
a. Posters b. Cartoons c. Drawings d. sketches
7. They usually appear in newspaper, periodicals, and textbooks.
a. Posters b. Cartoons c. Drawings d. sketches
8. This one is an instructional material, which represent the Earth’s portion of the Earth’s
surface.
a. maps b. globes c. landscapes d. model
9. It emphasize man-made phenomena such as state, city or provincial boundaries or
location of highways or railroads or government buildings.
a. Physical maps b. Political maps c. Special purpose maps d. Globes
10. These are globes constructed for specific purposes such as satellite globes,
celestial globes, and physical relief globes.
a. Physical globes b. Political globes c. Special purpose globes d. Maps
Pangasinan State University
Bayambang Campus
College of Teacher Education
Professional Education Department
Bayambang, Pangasinan

A Written Report in
Prof. Ed 113 A – Development Reading 1

Submitted by:
Jude Angelo B. Gemino
BSE III-1 SOCIAL STUDIES

Submitted to:
Dr. Belinda Velasquez
Subject Teacher, Developmental Reading 1

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