SURFACE J/ISO 6747

ISSUED
NOV1999
VEHICLE
400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001
STANDARD Issued 1999-11

Submitted for recognition as an American National Standard

Earth-moving Machinery — Tractors — Terminology and commercial specifications

Foreword—ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-
governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for
approval before their acceptance as International Standards by the ISO Council. They are approved in
accordance with ISO procedures requiring at least 75% approval by the member bodies voting.

International Standard ISO 6747 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 6747 : 1982); it includes three new definitions, and
classification of tractors by type, with additional and more detailed figures.

Users should note that all International Standards undergo revision from time to time and that any reference made
herein to any other International standard implies its latest edition, unless otherwise stated.

ISO 6747 - July 1988, with the incorporation of Amendment 1, July 1989, is technically equivalent with the portions
of SAE J727, J729, J733, J749, J1014, J1158, J1233, and J1234 that deal with tractors. A further revision (ISO/
DIS 6747) is in process, with essentially the same content.

SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely
voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”

SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.

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Copyright 1999 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.

All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.
 SAE J/ISO 6747 Issued NOV1999

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 Scope........................................................................................................................................................ 1
2 Field of application .................................................................................................................................... 1

3 References ............................................................................................................................................... 2

4 Definitions ................................................................................................................................................. 2

5 Base machine ........................................................................................................................................... 2

5.1 Types of tractors ....................................................................................................................................... 2
5.2 Dimensions ............................................................................................................................................... 7
5.3 Masses ..................................................................................................................................................... 8

6 Equipment................................................................................................................................................. 8
6.1 Definitions ................................................................................................................................................. 8
6.2 Dimensions ............................................................................................................................................. 13
6.3 Nomenclature ......................................................................................................................................... 16

7 Performance terminology........................................................................................................................ 21

8 Commercial literature specification — SI Units (examples) .................................................................... 22

1 Scope

This International Standard establishes terminology and the content of commercial literature specifications for
self-propelled crawler and wheeled tractors and their equipment.

2 Field of application

This International Standard applies to tractors for earth-moving machinery as defined in ISO 6165.

3 References

ISO 3450, Earth-moving machinery — Wheeled machines — Performance requirements and test procedures
for braking systems.

ISO 5010, Earth-moving machinery — Rubber-tyred machines — Steering capability.

ISO 6014, Earth-moving machinery — Determination of ground speed.

ISO 6165, Earth-moving machinery — Basic types — Vocabulary.

ISO 6746-1, Earth-moving machinery — Definitions of dimensions and symbols — Part 1: Base machine.

ISO 6746-2, Earth-moving machinery — Definitions of dimensions and symbols — Part 2: Equipment.

ISO 7457, Earth-moving machinery — Measurement of turning dimensions of wheeled machines.

ISO 7464, Earth-moving machinery — Method of test for the measurement of drawbar pull.

ISO 9249, Earth-moving machinery — Engine test code — Net power.1

1. At present at the stage of draft.

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4 Definitions

4.1 tractor : Self-propelled crawler or wheeled machine used to exert a push or pull force through mounted
equipment.

4.2 base machine : Tractor without equipment, as described by the manufacturer specifications. The machine
should be provided with the necessary mountings to secure equipment as shown in clause 6.

4.3 equipment : Set of components mounted on the base machine to fulfil the primary design function.

4.4 attachment : Optional assembly of components that can be mounted on the base machine for a specific use.

4.5 component : Part or an assembly of parts of a base machine, equipment or an attachment.

5 Base machine

5.1 Types of tractors

5.1.1 Undercarriage

5.1.1.1 Crawler tractor (figure 1)

5.1.1.2 Wheel tractor (figure 2)

5.1.2 Engine location

5.1.2.1 Front engine (figure 3)

5.1.2.2 Rear engine (figure 4)

5.1.3 Steering system

5.1.3.1 Front-wheel steer (figure 5)

5.1.3.2 Rear-wheel steer (figure 6)

5.1.3.3 Articulated steering [figure 7a)]

5.1.3.4 Wheel skid steer [figure 7b)]

5.1.3.5 Crawler skid steer (figure 8)

5.1.3.6 Crawler independent steer (figure 9)

5.1.4 Drive system

5.1.4.1 Rear-wheel drive (figure 10)

5.1.4.2 All-wheel drive (figure 11)

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5.1.5 Operator’s position (concerns articulated machines)

5.1.5.1 Operator front (figure 12)

5.1.5.2 Operator rear (figure 13)

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5.2 Dimensions (see figures 14 and 15)

For definitions of dimensions, see ISO 6746-1.

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5.3 Masses

5.3.1 operating mass : Mass of the base machine with equipment as specified by the manufacturer, operator (75
kg), full fuel tank and full lubricating, hydraulic and cooling systems.

5.3.2 shipping mass : Mass of the base machine without operator, with full lubricating, hydraulic and cooling
systems, 10% of fuel tank capacity and with or without equipment, cab, canopy, ROPS1 or FOPS2, as specified
by the manufacturer.

1. ROPS : Roll-over protective structure.

2. FOPS : Falling object protective structure.

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5.3.3 cab, canopy, ROPS or FOPS mass : Mass of cab, canopy, ROPS or FOPS with all their components and
mounting required to secure these to the base machine.

6 Equipment

6.1 Definitions

6.1.1 dozer : Front blade, its relevant frame, and controls for positioning the blade (see figures 16 and 17). For
dimensions, see figures 23 and 24. The “X”, “Y” and “Z” planes are defined in ISO 6746-1 and ISO 6746-2.

6.1.1.1 straight dozer : Dozer where the blade is maintained in a position where the cutting edge is parallel to an
“X” plane.

6.1.1.2 angle dozer : Dozer where the blade position may be changed so that the cutting edge is at an angle to
an “X” plane.

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6.1.1.3 The blade of either type of equipment referred to in 6.1.1.1 and 6.1.1.2 can have :

–tilt movement (see figure 18), where the blade position may be changed so that the cutting edge is at an angle
to a “Z” plane;

–pitch movement (see figure 19), a blade movement in which the upper portion of the blade may be changed in
angle by pivoting it around a line parallel to the cutting edge.

Blade operation is by hydraulic control, where the operation is performed by means of a hydraulic system.

6.1.2 ripper : Frame connected to the rear part of the base machine by means of a mounting bracket (see figures
20, 21 and 22). It is equipped with one tooth or more. For dimensions, see figure 25.

There are three types of rippers, as follows.

6.1.2.1 radial type : Ripping angle of the tooth tip to the ground varies according to change of the working depth
(see figure 20).

6.1.2.2 parallelogram type : Ripping angle of the tooth tip to the ground remains constant regardless of variations
in working depth (see figure 21).

6.1.2.3 variable type : Ripping angle of the tooth tip to the ground is variable and can be changed by the operator
(see figure 22).

6.1.3 winch : Frame equipped with a drum and connected to the rear of the base machine. For dimensions, see
figure 26.

As regards winch operation, there are two types, as follows :

– manually controlled, when the operation is performed by manually controlled clutch and brake;

– power-controlled, when the operation is performed hydraulically or by a power clutch and brake.

6.1.4 swinging drawbar : Frame, equipped with a swing selector bar and a drawbar, connected to the rear of the
base machine. For dimensions, see figure 27.

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6.2 Dimensions

For definitions of dimensions, see ISO 6746-2.

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6.3 Nomenclature (see diagram numbers)

6.3.1 Dozer (see 6.1.1)

1. Beam, push
2. Cutting edge
3. Bit, end
4. C-frame
5. Swivel, blade
6. Trunnion
7. Bearing, trunnion
8. Bracket, angling strut
9. Jack, adjusting
10. Strut, angling
11. Blade
12. Yoke, cylinder
13. Cylinder, lift
14. Trunnion, cylinder
15. Strut, horizontal blade
16. Cylinder, tilt
17. Cylinder, angling
18. Tube, yoke or trunnion support
19. Member, cushion
20. Frame, tilt
21. Frame, angling
22. Spill guard and/or name-plate
23. Plough bolts

Definitions

The following definitions are presented for a better understanding of terms included in a dozer nomenclature.

jack : Mechanically adjustable member for pitching or tilting blade.

strut : Member which is fixed in length after assembly.

lift frame : Basic structure for mounting cylinders.

cylinder : Hydraulically adjustable member for pitching, raising, lowering or tilting a blade.

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6.3.2 Ripper (see 6.1.2)

1. Point
2. Clevis
3. Shank
4. Bar, tool
5. Cylinder, lift
6. Cylinder, shank tilt
7. Bracket, mounting
8. Block, push
9. Pin, shank

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6.3.3 Winch (see 6.1.3)

1. Guard, cable
2. Drum, cable
3. Housing, winch

6.3.4 Swinging drawbar (see 6.1.4)

1. Pin
2. Pin, stop
3. Swing selector bar
4. Drawbar

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7 Performance terminology

7.1 ISO net power (engine) : See ISO 9249.

7.2 Maximum travel speeds : See ISO 6014.

7.3 Drawbar pull : See ISO 7464.

7.4 longitudinal static slope capacity : Maximum gradient, expressed as a percentage, that the base machine
can achieve longitudinally during the static slope evaluation without exceeding performance parameters.

7.5 lateral static slope capacity : Maximum gradient, expressed as a percentage, that the base machine can
achieve laterally during the static slope evaluation without exceeding performance parameters.

7.6 blade penetration load : Maximum vertical force that the lift cylinders can exert on the blade cutting edge
during their lowering action. The force is measured under the following conditions : blade at lowest drop position,
front of machine lifted, base machine with all standard equipment.

7.7 ripper penetration load : Maximum vertical force that the lift cylinders of the ripper can exert on the point
during their lowering action. The force is measured under the following conditions : lowered ripper, rear of
machine lifted, base machine with all standard equipment.

7.8 line pull : Winch pull force measured at engine rated speed with bare drum and with full drum.

7.9 line speed : Winch speed measured at engine rated speed with bare drum and with full drum.

7.10 braking performance (wheel tractor) : See ISO 3450.

7.11 turning radius : See ISO 7457.

8. Commercial literature specifications — SI units (examples)

This clause presents examples of major items which manufacturers should consider including in their
commercial literature specifications.

8.1 Engine (specify characteristics)

Manufacturer and model.

Compression-ignition (diesel) or spark-ignition.
Type of cycle (2 or 4 stroke).
Naturally aspirated, mechanically supercharged, or turbocharged.
Number of cylinders.
Bore.
Stroke.
Displacement.
Type of fuel.
Power, ISO net : ..... at ..... r / min.
Torque, maximum : ..... at ..... r / min.
Starter type.
Electrical system : ..... V.

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8.2 Transmission (specify type)

Examples :

Manual shift with flywheel clutch.

Powershift with torque converter.
Hydrostatic.
Electric.
Number of speeds, forward and reverse.
Travel speeds (forward, reverse).

8.3 Hydraulic system

Cylinders (number, type and dimensions) :

– dozer;
– tilt;
– ripper.
Pump flow : ..... at ..... pressure, at rated engine r / min.
Main relief valve opening pressure : .....

8.4 Filtration system (type)

Engine.
Transmission.
Steering and braking.
Hydraulic.

8.5 Blade specification (type and dimensions)

Angle.
Straight.

8.6 Crawler tractor

8.6.1 Steering and braking

Examples :
Type (drum, disc, wet or dry).
Actuating system (hydraulic, mechanical).

8.6.2 Final drives

Examples :

Type (single or double reduction, planetary).

Ratio.
Lubrication.

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8.6.3 Track and roller

Track pitch.
Width of shoe.
Grouser height.
Ground contact area [L2 x 2 (W4)].
Number of shoes (each side).
Number of track rollers (each side).

8.7 Wheel tractor

8.7.1 Driving axle (specify type)

Examples :
Fixed vs. oscillating.
Bevel gear and pinion.
Differential.
Two-speed.
Hydrostatic.
Planetary final drive.

8.7.2 Steering (specify type)

(see ISO 5010.)

Examples :

Ackerman, boosted, manual, hydrostatic.

Articulated.
Front-wheel steer.
Emergency steer method.
Performance : turning radii, left and right : .....

8.7.3 Brakes

8.7.3.1 Service brakes

Examples :

Type (drum, disc, wet or dry).

Actuating system type (full air, full hydraulic, air over hydraulic, etc.).

8.7.3.2 Parking brake

Type.
Actuating system.

8.7.3.3 Secondary brakes

Type.
Actuating system.

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8.7.3.4 Brake performance (specify)

(See ISO 3450.)

8.7.4 Tyres

Size and type.

Tread.
Ply rating.
Rim size.

8.8 System fluid capacities

Fuel tank.
Engine crank-case.
Cooling.
Transmission.
Transfer case.
Differential.
Hydraulic tank.
Final drives.

8.9 Operating mass

8.10 Shipping mass

8.11 Overall tractor dimensions

PREPARED BY THE SAE MACHINE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE SC1—

LOADERS, CRAWLERS, SCRAPERS, AND MOUNTED ATTACHMENTS

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Rationale—ISO 6747 defines terminology and commercial specifications for track-type and wheeled tractors
and certain attachments, whereas the nine referenced SAE documents generally cover off-road work
machines. The equivalence of ISO 6747 with the various documents must be compared individually.

ISO 6747 vs. SAE J727 (Nomenclature - Crawler Tractor JAN86)

SAE J727 refers to crawlers only, and defines 60 items comprising the vehicle and its components. ISO
6747 covers wheeled as well as crawler tractors, and defines dimensions as well as machine features.
ISO 6747 is acceptable to serve in place of SAE J727. SAE J727 will be canceled with the adoption of
SAE J/ISO 6747.
ISO 6747 vs. SAE J729 (Nomenclature and Specifications - Dozers SEP86)
Standards are essentially equivalent. SAE J729 will be canceled on the adoption of SAE J/ISO 6747.
ISO 6747 vs. SAE J733 (Nomenclature - Rippers and Scarifiers JUN86)
These standards are essentially equivalent.
SAE J733 will be canceled when SAE J/ISO 6747 is adopted.
ISO 6747 vs. SAE J749 (Drawbars - Crawler Tractor AUG92)
Both documents illustrate the important dimensions related to crawler tractor drawbars. But SAE J749
goes farther, and also recommends the values of those dimensions for seven classes of machines
ranging from 4500 kg mass to 140 000 kg mass.
ISO 6747 is acceptable to serve in place of SAE J749. SAE J749 will be cancelled when SAE J/ISO
6747 is adopted.
ISO 6747 vs. SAE J1014 (Classification and Nomenclature - Towing Winch for Skidders and Crawler
Tractors JUN95) – SAE J1014 is more detailed than ISO 6747, giving definitions and descriptions of
operating configurations and design details. ISO 6747 is restricted to giving illustrations of a tractor
winch installation, defining some basic dimensions, and specifying that speed and capacity shall be
given for bare drum and full drum situations.
There is no need to cancel SAE J1014 with the adoption of SAE J/ISO 6747.
ISO 6747 vs. SAE J1057 (Identification Terminology of Earthmoving Machines SEP88)
SAE J1057 is in the process of being replaced by ISO 6165.
No further action is required.
ISO 6747 vs. SAE J1158 (Specification Definitions - Winches for Crawler Tractors and Skidders JAN85)
SAE J1158 contains much more detail, and covers skidder winches as well as tractor winches. ISO
6747 only covers tractor winches.
SAE J1158 need not be canceled with the adoption of SAE J/ISO 6747.
ISO 6747 vs. SAE J1233 (Commercial Literature Specifications - Off-Road Work Machines JAN85)
SAE J1233 covers off-road work equipment, whereas ISO 6747 only covers tractors. It also is more
detailed in the area of hydraulic specifications.
SAE J1233 will not be canceled with the adoption of SAE J/ISO 6747.
ISO 6747 vs. SAE J1234 (Specification Definitions - Off-road Work Machines JAN85)
SAE J1234 covers off-road work equipment, whereas ISO 6747 only covers tractors.
SAE J1234 will not be canceled with the adoption of SAE J/ISO 6747.

Relationship of SAE Standard to ISO Standard—Not Applicable

Application—This SAE Standard establishes terminology and the content of commercial literature
specifications for self-propelled crawler and wheeled tractors and their equipment.

Reference Section

ISO 3450—Earth-moving machinery–Wheeled machines–Performance requirements and test

procedures for braking systems

ISO 5010—Earth-moving machinery—Rubber-tyred machines—Steering capability

ISO 6014—Earth-moving machinery—Determination of ground speed

 SAE J/ISO 6747 Issued NOV1999

ISO 6165—Earth-moving machinery—Basic types—Vocabulary

ISO 6746-1—Earth-moving machinery—Definitions of dimensions and symbols—Part 1: Base machine

ISO 6746-2—Earth-moving machinery—Definitions of dimensions and symbols—Part 2: Equipment

ISO 7457—Earth-moving machinery—Measurement of turning dimensions of wheeled machines

ISO 7464—Earth-moving machinery—Method of test for the measurement of drawbar pull

ISO 9249—Earth-moving machinery—Engine test code—Net power

Developed by the SAE Machine Technical Committee SC1—Loaders, Crawlers, Scrapers, and Mounted
Attachments

Sponsored by the SAE Machine Technical Committee