DESIGN OF CLOSED LOOP CONTROLLED DC VOLTAGE REGULATOR USING

SEMI CONVERTER

AIM:

The aim of Experiment is to analyze the operation (Switching) of single phase controlled
rectifiers. Many applications need the dc voltage. For example we need to use the dc voltage
source in the laboratories. Such necessities have made the designers to go for designing the full
wave controlled converters using the SCR Bridge or by using the half controlled convertor.

The operating principle of the project is a half controlled bridge .It is designed by using the 2
SCR’s. The gate pulses to each of the SCR’s are generated by the controller. The traditional
regulated power supplies used in the laboratories use a step down transformer and linear
regulators which will reduce the efficiency of the system. This had made the user to limit the
max rating of the RPS as 30v 5amp. If we need high power dc source there is no other option
other than a chopper or a controlled converter. The disadvantage of the chopper is IGBT is less
reliable than SCR. So in this project we will study the working of the full bridge controller
converter.

The advantage of the closed loop system is it will give the voltage required by the user
and the voltage fluctuations are very less. Even if the load is increased the voltage will be stable.

The user will select the voltage that is required by using a potentiometer. Now the
potentiometer gives the signal to the ADC. And the ADC will convert the analog data in to
digital and will give it to the controller. Now the controller will generate the gate pulse for all the
SCR’s. The output dc voltage is again measured by the ADC. This will make the controller to
decide whether the voltage is equal to the selected voltage or not. If it is not equal then it will
vary the firing angle of the thyristors until we get the same voltage as selected.

All these values are analog values and we are using ADC to convert them in to digital values, we
are using micro controller to control this ADC and calculate the power from the digital values
that are converted using ADC.
Microcontroller AT89S52 is used to gather the data from each of the devices and calculate the dc
voltage. This dc voltage is converted into the ASCII data and is displayed on the 16x2 dot matrix
LCD display. So the microcontroller will measure the real time power loss in the transmission
line.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:
SOFTWARE TOOLS USED:

1. Embedded C programming language

2. KEIL IDE for writing the program for micro controller

3. PROLOAD for dumping

4. ORCAD to draw the schematic diagram

HARDWARE USED:

1. AT89S52 Micro Controller

2. Power supply

3. LCD Display

4. ADC

5. TYN612 SCR and Diode Bridge

6. Switches

Advantages:

1. Accurate output voltage.

2. Output is free from ripples.

3. Wide range of operation up to 230v.

Disadvantages:

1. The total harmonic distortion is more than that of the chopper.

Applications:

1. Can be used as regulated power supply source.

2. used in field regulators.

3. Can be used in the speed control of dc motors.