Chapter 5 usually is time

interval

Poisson Distribution

λ = Average occurrence within an interval

mean
happening

e.g. λ = on average receive 3 calls in an hour

λ = average 4 accidents in 3 days

interval
occurrence

X = number of ocurrence in a specified interval

to be specified in
questions.

x = 0, 1, 2, ……

infinite countable

X ~ B(n,p)

µ = np, σ² = np (1-p)

X ~ Po (λ)

𝑒 −λ λ𝑟
P(X=r) =
𝑟!

µ = E(x) = λ
σ² = var(x) = λ
 σ = √λ

Chapter 5 page 7
Exercise 5.11

1. λ = 12 people/ 1 hr
= 12 people / 60 mins
12
= ∗ 10 𝑝𝑒𝑜𝑝𝑙𝑒 / 10 – minutes
60

= 2 people / 10 - minutes
P(X ≥ 3) = 1 – P(x=0) – P(x=1) – P(X=2)
𝑒 −2 20 𝑒 −2 21 𝑒 −2 22
10 – minutes =1- - −
0! 1! 2!

P(x=0) P(x=1) P(x=2)

λ=2 λ=2 λ=2

r=0 r=1 r=2

= 1 – 0.1353 – 0.2707 – 0.2707

= 0.3233

Fact:

3! = 3 x 2 x 1

2! = 2 x 1

6! = 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1
Chapter 5 page 9 interval
Q1 (a)

λ = 300 misprints / 500 pages

300
= = 0.6 𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑠 / 1 page
500

P(X=2)
𝑒 −0.6 0.62
=
2!

= shift In (-0.6) = x (0.6 ^2)

how to press in calculator
= /(2!)
= 0.0989

Q1 (b)
P(X ≥ 2)
= 1 – P(X=0) – P(X=1)
 Chapter 5 page 9
Q5
λ = 2 EA/ day
= 2 x 2 = 4 EA / 2 days

𝑒 −4 43
P(X=3) =
3!

2 days r
Chapter 6: Continuous Random Variable

Normal Distribution

Normal Random Variable

 Normal Distribution
 Area under the curve = Probability
 Standard Normal (Conversion of X to Z)

What is Normal Distribution?

 Bell Shape
 Symmetry
 Area under the graph = 1

X = Height of student

P(X < 160) = 0.5

If it is a Normal Distribution, X ~ N(µ, 𝜎 2 )

(pics in phone)
What is Standard Normal?

For Z ~ N(0,1), it means that:

µ = 0 (Mean of Z = 0)

𝜎 2 = 1 (Variance of Z = 1)