THE UNIVERSITY OF LAHORE,ISLAMABAD CAMPUS

Department of Electrical Engineering

Semester:_____________ Dated: ________________

Section: ________________

EE04204: ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS

Lab 9: BJT ApplicationsTransistor switches-(Security

Alarm)

Name Reg. no. LAB Report Viva Marks Total/25

Work/20 Marks / 5 /5

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LABORATORY EXERCISE-9

BJT Application (Security Alarm)

Objective: To study transistor switches by implementing a Security

Alarm
A circuit using transistor switches will be developed for use in an alarm system for
detecting forced entry into a building. In its simplest form, the alarm system will
accommodate one zone. It can be expanded to cover additional zones. For the
purposes of this application, a zone is one room in a house or any other building. The
sensor used for each opening can be a mechanical switch, a magnetically operated
switch, or an optical sensor. However for this experiment the connections will be
physically connected and disconnected to act as a switch. Detection of an intrusion can
be used to initiate an audible alarm signal and/or to initiate transmission of a signal over
the phone line to a monitoring service but for this experiment a Light emitting diode
(LED) will be used as indicator on output.

Required Resources
The following components, test equipment and software would be required.
 2N2222 Transistor
 DMM
 Resistors
 Power Supply
 Proteus Simulation Software.
The Experiment
The experiment consists of one excercise. The exercise is further divided into two parts
first part deals with the simulation. For the second part implement the circuit and
observe the results.
Exercise 1: Part 1- BJT Application (Simulation)
In this part of the experiment you will be given two transistors, LED and few resistors.
Using the components follow the procedure below.
Procedure

 In proteus, draw the circuit as shown in figure 1.

 Notice that the ground is connected to the emitter of Q1 transistor and
is common for all other points.
 The Light emitting diode (LED) is connected in parallel to the load
resistance which is 680 Ohms.
 Click on the “Play button” on the bottom left of the screen to start the
simulation.
 Connect a volt meter to measure the Collector-Emitter voltage.

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R5
B1 680
D1
LED-GREEN

12V

R1
1.2k

R3 Q2
2N2222A +88.8
36k Volts

R2 Q1
switch
2N2222A
75k

B2
12V
R4
1M

Figure 1 Security Alarm with two transistors.

Observations/Measurements and Explanation:

Accomplish the following and explain your results:
 Note the reading on the meter and explain what is happening?
 Now disconnect the wire labeled “switch” ,on the figure, for the circuit ?
 Observe the readings again and check whether the LED indicator is on?
Explain why?

 What will be the values registered for both scenarios i.e. when is switch is
on and when it is off, if the diode is removed?
 By looking at your results, determine if the alarm is activated when switch
is on or off. Hence what is the normal position that switch must be put in
when alarm is being set?

Exercise 1: Part 2- BJT Application (Implementation)

 Set up the circuit as shown in figure 1. Please avoid the clutter and use
wires to neatly arrange your circuit.
 The anode (Longer pin) of the LED is connected to the top of the
resistor and the cathode (Shorter pin) is connected to the collector of
the transistor.

Observations/Measurements and Explanation:

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 Repeat the observations carried out for simulation.
 Note any differences between results of simulation and implementation.
Lab Report:

Each student group has to submit detailed lab report with proper outputs
and results obtained by performing experiment. The format of the report
should be as explained by the course instructor. Your lab report is due
before the next lab.

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