I

PROPAGATION

,eptember,
VoIume4 Number 1960 Sec'y-Treas.:James E. Lindsay,Instructor,ElectricalEngineer-
ing, Experiment Station, Engineering Building 1,
BOSTON CHAPTER Room 101, University of Colorado

On October 26 at M.I.T., R. W. Corkum will speak on WASHINGTON,D. C..CHAPTER

"Transoceanic Radio Ducts", and "Some Thoughts on the Effects of
Mutual Coupling in Arrays" will be the subject of a talk by John Allen. Due to a move (see Personals), newly elected Chairman Scott
has resigned. New officers will be
DENVER-BOULDER CHAPTER
Chairman: G. G. Chadwick, AGA Corporation, 1914
Duke
In a PGAP Boulder Laboratories meeting attended by 100 Alexandria, Virginia
Denver area radio engineers and scientists on June 20th, Dr. R. C.
Hansen of Space Technology Laboratories, Inc., presented an Vice-chairman: J. W. Marini, ElectromagneticRes.Corp., 711
illustrated lecture on "Design Factors for Interplanetary Communi- 14th N.W., Washington, D. C.
cation Systems".
Sec'y-Treas.:StanleyJones,MELPAR, Falls Church, Va.
The paper discussed design considerations for long-range space
communication systems, emphasis on antenna and propagatcon
factors. Methods for computing effective antenna temperature due
to loss, atmospheric absorption, galactic noise, star noise, sidelobes
and selective absorption were given, and numerical examples were LECTURE SERIES
discussed. In addition, atmospheric refraction and Faraday rotation
were discussed. The Washington, D. C., IRE PGMTT and PGAP a r e sponsoring
a repeat performance of the Antenna Theory and Techniques lecture
Interplanetary command, tracking and telemetry systems were series presented by the New York IRE PGMTT in the Springof 1960.
discussed, particularly in regard to design trade-offs between vehicle Beginning on Tuesday, October 11, 1960, and on alternate weeks
stabilization and antenna systems. thereafter, a s e r i e s of five tutorial lectures on the subject "Microwave
Theory and Techniques" be offered. Dr. Henry Jasik of Jasik
LC6 ANGELES CHAPTER L a b s . , k c . , will start Session 1 off on 11 October 1960 with
"Fundamentals of Antennas". Session 2 will be on 25 October 1960,
Scheduled for a meeting t o start the fall activities on Sept. 8 with R. L . Mattingly of Bell Telephone Laboratories speaking on
is Dr. R. (Rabi) N . Ghose. He is going to speak on Sub-surface "Reflectors as Antennas". K. Kelleher of Aero Geo Astro Corp.
Antennas, and is with Space Electronics Corporation, Glendale, Calif. will be at Session 3 on 10 November 1960 to speak on "Lens Structures
and Artificial Dielectrics". Dr. A, A. Oliner of Polytechnic Institute
of Brooklyn on "Principles of Traveling-Wave Antennas" at
Session 4 on22 November 1960. "Microwave Measuremnt Techniaues"
bp Dr. Thomas E. Tice of Ohio State University will conclude the
NEW CHAPTER OFFICERS s e r i e s on December 6, 1960 (Session 5).

The last Newsletter listed all new Chapter officers except The lectures will be held in t h e E a s t Building Lecture Room at
Boston, Columbus, and Denver-Boulder. We a r e a b l e t o report on the the National Bureau of Standards in Washington, D.C. Inquiries
new Boston and Denver-Boulder officers. should be directed to the Lecture Series Chairman, Benjamin
Bernstein, Polytechnic Engineering Co., Silver Spr.ing, Maryland.
BOSTON ( J u n i p e r 8-5441).

ChailTTlan: Leon J. Ricardi, Lincoln Laboratory, P. 0. Box 73

Lexington,Mass.

Vice-chairman: Carlyle J. Setten, AF Cambridge Research Labs., URSI GENERAL ASSEMBLY

L. G. HmscomField, Bedford, Mass.
The thirteenth genexal assembly of the International Scientific
Secretary: Alan J. Simmons, Technical Research Group; TRG, Radio Union will be held in London, September 5-15. The general
Incorporated, 9 Union Square, Somerville 43, Mass. a s s e m b l i e s a r e held every three years with the location rotating from
country to country. URSI is an organization of nations with the work
DENVER-BOULDER being done by National Committees. Seven commissions divide the
technical area as follows:
Chairman: William F. Utlaut, Senior Staff Member, Radio
Systems Division, National Bureau of Standards Commission I RadioMeasurementMethods Standards
11 TroposphericRadioPropagation
Vice-chairman: Raymond E . McGavin, Engineer, Tropospheric IIIIonosphericRadioPropagation
Measurements Section Radio Propagation Engineering IV RadioNoise of T e r r e s t r i a l Origin
Division, National Bureau of Standards Radio
V Astronomy
VI Radio Waves Circuits
M RadioElectronics

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N-
Antennas a r e included
Commission
in VI. Laurence
Dr. A. Manning, Stanford
Dr. NathanMarcuvitz,PIB
A major function of the Commissions is to survey the work Dr.Gene R. Marner,Collins
accomplished during the triennium, discuss outstanding problems Dr. Alan Maxwell, Harvard Radio Astronomy Station
and future trends. The USA National Committee Report, which Mr. Cornell H. Mayer. U. Naval Research Laboratory
contains survey reports on propagation, radio astronomy, antennas, Dr. F. A. Mitchell, Univ. of Alabama
and scattering and diffraction will be published in the NBS Journal of Mr.Kenneth A. Norton, NBS Boulder
Research Part D after the assembly. Dr. Leif Owren, Univ. of Alaska
Dr. Allen M. Peterson, SRI
A partial list ofUSA delegates to the General Assembly follows; Dr. Wolfgang Pfister, AFCRC
these people represent propagation, radio astronomy, and antennas. Dr.EdwardT.Fierce, AVCO
Mr.John R. Pierce, BTL
Dr. Jules Aarons, AFCRC Dr. Nancy G. Roman, NASA
Mr. Dana K. Bailey, NBS Boulder Dr. Erwin R. Schmerling, Pennsylvania State Univ.
Dr.John I. Bohnert, NRL D.,' J. C a r l Seddon, NASA
Dr. J. G. Bolton,CalTech Mr. A l a n H. Shapley, NBS Boulder
Dr.Henry G. Booker,Cornell Professor Keeve M. Siegel, Univ. of Michigan
Dr. Sidney A. Bowhill, Pennsylvania State Univ. Dr. Samuel Silver, Univ. of Calif. at Berkeley
Dr. Kenneth L. Bowles, NBS Boulder Dr. Ernest K. Smith, NBS Boulder
Dr. Ronald N. Bracewell,Stanford Dr. John B. Smyth, Smyth Research Associates
Mr. James H. Chisholm, Lincoln Laboratory D r . Archie W. Straiton, Univ. of Texas
Dr. Marshall H. Cohen, Cornell Dr. George W. Swenson, Jr., Univ. of Illinois
Dr.Cullen M. Crain, Rand Dr. MoodyC. Thompson, Jr.. NBS Boulder
Mr.Arthur B. Crawford,BTL Dr.VictorTwersky,Sylvania
Mr. William Q. Crichlow, NBS Boulder Dr. Thomas E. Van Zandt, NBS Boulder
Dr.SidneyDarlington,BTL Dr. James R. Wait, NBS Boulder
Mr. Frederic H. Dickson, US Army Signal Radio Propagation Agency Dr. James W. Warwick, Univ. of Colorado
Mr. Harold E. Dinger, U. S. Naval Research Laboratory Dr. Alan T. Waterman, Jr., Stanford
Dr. Frank D. Drake, NRAO Dr.Arthur D. Watt, DECO
Dr. Peter Elias, MIT Mr. James M. Watts, NBS Boulder
Dr. Leopold B. Felsen, PIB Dr. Louis Weinberg, Hughes Research Laboratories
Dr. John W. Findlay, NRAO Dr. Albert D. Wheelon, STL
Dr. R.M. Gallet, NBS Boulder Professor Lofti A. Zadeh, Univ. of Calif. at Berkeley
Mr. I ~ i H. n Gerks,Collins Mr. Francis J. Zucker,AFCRC
Dr. F r e d T. Haddock, Univ. of Michigan
Dr. Robert C. Hansen, STL
Dr. D. S. Heeschen, NFSLO
Dr. Robert A. Helliwell, Stanford RADIO ASTRONOMY FREQUENCIES
Mr. Jack W. Herbstreit, NBSBoulder
Mr. A. Glenn Jean, NBS Boulder Dr. John W. Findlay, Assistand to the Director, National
Dr. Edward C. Jordan, Univ. of Illinois Radio Astronomy Observatory, Green Bank, West Virginia, has
Dr. Geoffrey Keller, National Science Foundation furnished the Summary of Frequency Allocations for U s e by Radio
Mr. John Kelso, STL Astronomy, as agreed upon by more than 100 countries at the
Dr. Hsien-Chieng KO. Ohio State Univ. Administrative Radio Conference of the International Telecommuni-
Dr. A. E. Lilley, Harvard College Observatory cations Union at Geneva in December 1959, to the editor of the PGRFI
Dr. C. Gordon Little, NBS Boulder Newsletter. The Summary i s a s follows:

Frequency Allocations Notes

2495 kc 2505 kc The standard frequency guard-bands at 2.5 Mc/s The bands 10,003- 10,005 kc
4995 kc 5005 kc 5Mc/s, 10 Mcjs, 15 Mc/s, and 20 Mc/s and 25 M c l s may and 19,990-20,010 kc a r e a l s o
9995 kc 10,005 kc beused by theradioastronomyservice. T h e radioastronomyallocatedon a secondarybasisto
14,990kc 15,010kc service
shall
beprotected
from
harmfulinterferencefromthespace and earth-space serv-
19,990 kc 20,010 kc servicesoperating in otherbands in accordance with thepro-icesforresearchpurposes.
24,990 kc 25.010 kc visions of these Regulations, only to the extent that these
services are protected from each other. In Region 1+ only
2498-2502 kc of the 2.5 Mc band may be used by the radio
astronomy service.

In Region 2, the band 73-74.6 Mc/s may be used by the 73-74.6 Mc is primarily as-
radio astronomy service. Administrations assigning fre- signed as follows:
73-74.6 MC quencies to stations of services to which this band is allocated Region 1. Fixed,mobileexcept
should take all practicable measures to avoid harmful inter- aeronautical mobile.
ference to radio astronomy observations. Region 2. Fixed,mobile,
broadcast.
Region 3. Fixed,mobile.

The b a d 79.75-80.25 Mc/s is allocated in Regions 1 79.75-80.25 Mc is primarily

and 3 (except Korea, India and Japan) to the radio astronomy allocated as follows:
service. In making assignments to stations of other services Region Fixed,mobileexcept
to which this band is allocated, administrations are urged to aeronautical mobile.
79.75-80.25 MC take all practicable steps to protect radio astronomy observa- Region 2. Fixed,mobile, broad-
tions from harmful interference. The radio astronomy service cast.

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Frequency Allocations Notes

shall be protected from harmful interference from services Region 3. Fixed,mobile,aero-

operatingin other bands in accordance with the provisions of nautical radio navigation.
these Regulations, to the extent that these services are
protected from each other.

In Region 1, the band 150-153 Mc/s is also allocated to the 150-153 Mc is primarily allocated
radio astronomy service. In making assignments to new a s follows:
stations of other services to which this b a d i s allocated, ad- Region 1. 146-151 Mc fixed,
ministrations are urged to takeall practicable steps to pro mobile,exceptaeronabtical
150-153 MC tect radio astronomy observations from harmful interference. mobile (R) 151-154 Mc a s 146
The radio astronomy service shall be protected from harmful 151 Mc plus meteorlogical aids.
interference from amvices operating in other bands in accord- Region 2 and 3. Fixed mobile.
ance with the provisions of these Regulations, only to the ex
tent that these services are protected from each other.

Radio astronomy observations on the Deuterium line (322-329 235-328.6 Mc is allocated

M c / s ) a r e c a r r i e dout in a number of countries under national world-wide to fixed and mobile.
arrangements. Administrations should bear in mind the needs 328.6-335.4 is allocated world-
322-329 MC of the radio astronomy service in their future planning of this wide to aeronautical radio navi-
band. gation.

The bank 404-410 Mc/s in Regions 2 and 3 and the band The band 404-410 Mc i s p r i -
406-410 Mc/s iu Region 1 are also allocated to the radio marily assigned as follows:
astronomy ser+ice. An appropriate continuous band 404-406 Mc: World-wide to
within these limits shall be designated on a national o r meteorlogical aids, fixed,
area basis. In making assignments to stations of other mobile,exceptaeronautical
services to which these bands are allocated, administra- mobile.
tions are urged to takeall practicable steps to protect 406-420Mc.World-wideto
404-410 Mc radio astronomy observations from harmful interference. fixed and mobile, except aero-
The radio astronomy service shall be protected from nautical mobile.
h a r d interference from services operating in other
bands in accordance with the provisinns of these Regulat-
ions, .only to the extent that these services are protected
from each other.

In Regions 1 and 3, the band 606-614 Mc/s may be used The band is primarily allo-
by the radio astronomy service until such time a s it is cated as follows:
required for use by other services to which this band is Region and 2. Broadcasting.
606-614 Mc allocated. During this period administrations should take Region 3. 585-610 Mc radio
all practicable measures to avoid harmful interference navigation.610-890 Mc fixed,
to radio astronomy observations. mobile,broadcasting.

Alloc2ted world-wide to radio astronomy service except In Albania,Bulgaria,Hungary,

i n Albania,Bulgaria,Hungary,Poland,Roumania. Poland,Roumania,
1400- 1427 Mc Czechoslovakia and the U. S. S. R., the band 1400- 1427 Czechoslovakia and the U. S. R.
M c / s is also allocated to the fixed service and the mobile, the bands 1600-1690 Mc/s 3165-
except aeronautical mobile, serivce. 3195 M c / s , 4800-4810 Mc/s,
5800-5815 Mc/s, and 8680-8700
Mc/s are also used for radio
astronomy observations.

WOTE:

Region 1 i s roughly the European Continent including the USSR

Region 2 i s roughly the N S American Continent

Region 3 is roughly Asia, Australia New Zealand

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 Frequency Allocations Notes

The bands 2690-2700 Y c / s and 4990-5000 M c j s a r e a l s o The band 2550-2700 Mc is prim-

allocated to the radio astronomy service, In making a s - arily assigned world-wide to
signments to stations of other services to which these fixed and mobile services.
bands a r e allocated, administrations a r e urged to take
all practicable steps to protect radio astronomy observa-
2690-2700 MC tions from harmful interference. The radio astronomy
service shall be protected from harmful interference from
services operating in other bands in accordance with the
provisions of these Regulations, only to the extent that
these services are protected from each other.

The bands 2690-2700 Mc/s and 4990-5000 M c / s a r e The band 4400-5000 Mc i s

allocated to the radio astronomy service. In making assign- primarily as signed world-wide
ments to stations of other services to which these bands to fixed and mobile services.
are allocated, administrations are urged to take practic-
able steps to protect radio astronomy observations from
4990-5000 MC harmful interference. The radio astronomy service shall
be protected from harmful interference from services
operating in other bands in accordance with the provisions
of these Regulations, only to the extent .that these services
are protected from each other.

The bands 10.68-10.7 Gc/s, 15.35-15.4 Gc/s. 19.3-19.4 Gc/s The bands a r e p r i m a r i l y as-
and 31.3-31.5 Gc/s are also allocated to the radio astronomy signed world-wide as follows:
service. In making assignments to stations of other services 10,550-10,700 Mc. Fixed,
1OD680-10,7O0MC to which these bands are allocated, administrations are urged mobile, radio location.
15p350-15s400 MC to take all practicable steps to protect radio astronomy observ- 15,250-15,400 Mc. Fixed,
19.300-19,400 MC ations from harmful interference. The radio astronomy service mobile.
31,300-31,500 MC shall be protected from interference, from services operating 17,700-21,000 Mc. Fixed,
in other bands in accordance with the provisions of these Regul- mobile.
ations, only to the extent that these services are protected 25,250-31,500 Mc. Fixed,
from each other. mobile.

Above 40,000 Mc No allocations made by Conference.

COMING EVENTS Center. A convention record is planned for distribution at the

convention.
Space Electronics and Telemetry 1960 National Symposium.
September19-21,ShorehamHotel,Washington, D. C. The D. National ElectronicsConference.October10-12,Sheraton
program is organized around ten panel type sessions, with Hotel,Chicago.GeneralSubjects:Milimeterwaves,transis-
the panelists' papers prepublished in the Symposium Proceed- tors, solid-state circuits, radio astronomy, plasma research
ings. and m a s e r s .

B. Space Power Systems Conference, September 27-30, Miramar E. Seventh East Coast Conference on Aeronattical and.Nairigationa1
Hotel,SantaMonica,California.Major aspects of energy Electronics.October 24-26, LordBaltimoreHotel,Baltimore.
conversion technology and i t s application to advanced power This conference emphasize technical developments, tech-
systems for space vehicles are scheduled for coverage at the niques, and accomplishments associated with aeronautical and
American Rocket Society's Space Power Systems Conference. navigational electronics. Fields of interest include air traffic
Co-sponsoring the event a r e National Aeronautics and Space control,navigation,communications,groundsupportequipment,
Administration, A i r Force, Atomic Energy Commission, and etc. Papers will be presented in such specialties as computers,
Advanced Research Projects Agency with the cooperation qf radar, microwaves, antennas and propagation, and integrated
IRE and AIEE. Specific topics to be covered include electronic devices. No exhibits a r e planned that those i n
thermoelectric and thermionic thermal coverters, dynamic attendance can devote themselves completely to the technical
heat engines and electromechanical energy conversion, solar sessions. The east Coast Conference Award of $100 will be
energy sources, chemical energy sources and storage presented to the author of the best paper. second prize of
mechanisms, nuclear energy sources, nuclear systems design, $50 will also be awarded. The conference is sponsored by
and .solar system design. PGANE and the Baltimore Section.

Sixth National Communications Symposium. October 3-5, F. 1960 Electron Devices Meeting. October 27-28, Shoreham
Utica, New York. With the facilities of Utica's new Municipal Hotel, Washington, D. C. Papers to be presented at this
Auditorium, in addition to the Hotel Utica, this y e a r ' s Symp. meeting should deal with material of an applied o r developed
promises to be the largest to date. The 1960 Symposium will nhture in the broad field of electron devices. This includes
stress the international requirements, progress and challenge electron tubes, semiconductor devices, masers, tunnel diodes,
of the Communications Industry in line with the Symposium parametric amplifiers and other solid-state device configurations.
theme "Communications the Key to an m a n d i n g Universe". This meeting is intended not to overlap with the Research
Cmcurrent with the Sixth National Communications Symposium, Conferences, which comprise papers dealing with new ideas
classified sessions areplanned un&r the auspices of the and co-epts. Papers for this meeting should be concerned
Dire'ctorate of Communications, Rome Air Development primarily with the device itself, or important new device

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 I

technology, rather than with i t s application or circuitry, Solid-state Microwave Devices, including active
except insofar as circuitry is built into the device itself. devices, such as amplifiers and frequency multi-
pliesrs, and passive devices, such as switches and
G. MAECON November14-16,HotelMuehlbach,KansasCity, modulators.
Missouri, Theme of conference is "Semiconductor
Sources and components at millimeter waves.
H. Sixth Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials.
November14-17, New YorkerHotel, New York.Theconfer- Five hundred word summaries of proposed papers should be sub-
ence is sponsored jointly by the American Institute of Electri- mitted by December 12, 1960, to:
cal Engineers and the American Institute of Physics, in
cooperation with the Office of Naval Research, the Institute of Gustave Shapiro, Chairman, Technical Program Committee
Radio Engineers and the Metallurgical Society of the AIME. Engineering Electronics Section
National Bureau of Standards
I. URSI-€RE Fall Meeting: Call for Papers Washington 25, D. C.

The URSI-IRE f a l l meeting will be held December 12-14,

1960. at the Boulder Labs. of the National Bureau of Standards,
Boulder, Colorado. The IRE Professional Groups on Antennas
and Propagation, on Circuit Theory, on Information Theory, MISCELLANY
on Instrumentation, and on Microwave Theory and Techniques
a r e cosponsoring the meeting. Unusual Solar Disturbance

The following Commissions are planning to hold one o r m o r e Members of the solar research group of the Radio Warning
teckqical sessions in addition to their business meetings. Services Section the National Bureau of Standards' Boulder (Colo.)
Laboratories have been appraising an unusual solar event which
Commission 2 Tropospheric Radio Propagation occurred on June 9, 1959. A severe radio blackout of very long
Irwin H. Gerks, Chairman duration, and large radio noise outbursts on a number of wavelengths,
Commission 3 Ionospheric Radio Propagation began at 1630 hours, UT. No solar flare could be seen on the sun's
L. A. Manning, Chairman disk, although a prominent f l a r e would normally be apparent at the
Commission 4 Radio Noise of T e r r e s t r i a l Origin time of the radio disturbance. It now appears that the reason for this
William Crichlow,Chairman anomaly can only be conjectured until solar behavior is known in
Commission6 Radio Waves and Circuits much greater detail than at present.
John I. Bohnert,Chairman
The understanding of the association between solar events,
F o r all participants there be a combined technical ionospheric disturbances, and geomagnetic storms has played an
session on Monday morning, and a panel discussion on Monday important part in the Bureau's radio propagation prediction services,
evening sponsored by Commissions 3, 4, and 6 "Information particularly in the radio disturbance warning network. Part of this
and Circuit-Theoretic Problems in Space Probing and prediction work, based on the analysis and evaluation of solar radio
Communication. A group dinner will be held Tuesday evening. data received from many sources, is the determination of the relation-
The USA National Committee, URSI, will hold a business ships between various solar events, radio fadeout. and temporary
meeting Sunday evening and again, possibly, on Wednesday changes in the earth's magnetic field. The unusual solar event of
afternoon. June 9, completely at variance with the experience of many years,
has caused the Bureau to question the validity of some of what were
Submission of Papers considered to be established relationships.

Authors a r e invited to submit on or before October 10, titles As soon as the severity of the blackout of June 9 became
and abstracts (100 to 200 words) of papers offered for presen- apparent, radio and optical observations were intensified. The initial
tation at this meeting. Please prepare in duplicate and mail position of the radio-burst source on the sun's disk was established,
to: by high resolution at 10.7 cm, to be N 24, E 90. In the light
Chairman, Commission (Appropriate
onefrom of the H-alpha spectral line, only jets and bright loops were
c / o A. H. Shapley above) observed at this position. It was not until almost 1 112 hours after
CRPL, National Bureau of Standards the first event that the expected Kcflare became observable at N 19,
Boulder,Colorado E 90. Ordinarily the flare is seen at the same time as the radio
disturbance is observed.
At the top of each abstract, give your name in the form you
prefer, your affiliation, and your complete address. If Complete b€ackout of the Bureau's radio station, WWV,
formulas are used, be sure they are clearly written or typed occured at a number of receiving locations. Cosmic noise absorption
allow accurate reproduction in the printed program. of an outstanding nature (3t) was evidexced by the great drop-off in
received signal strength, and also by the unusually slow onset of the
See registration form for this meeting on l a s t page. absorption. Solar radio bursts at 18 Mc were classified as in
importance, and bursts at high frequencies (4.3 mm, 10.7 cm. )were
J. Second Winter Convention on Military Electronics, February very strong. These ObSeNatiOnS classify the ionospheric events as
1-3,1961, Biltmore Hotel, Los Angeles. Send abstracts to of relatively great importance (3+).
Dr. John Myers, Hoffman Labs., Inc., 3761 So. Hill, Los
Angeles,Calif. Past observations of such outstanding events have, in almost
all cases, revealed the presence of an H a f l a r e of major importance.
K. IRE International Convention, March 20-23, Coliseum, New The absence of such a flare in itself establishes the June 9 event as
York. Paper deadline October 21. a most unusual one. The anomaly raises a number of serious problems
concerning the understanding of solar-terrestrial relationships.
L. PGMTT Symposium, May 15-17, Sheratgm P a r k Hotel,
Wahington, D. C. The Technical Progiam Committee for the Both of the HQ jet ejections that took place appeared to be
Symposium is seeking original contributed papers in all fields based on the back side of the sun. The jet phenomenon, together with
of microwave research, development, and application, includ- unusually late appearance of the flare itself, lead to the speculation
ing, especially, the following areas: that an early stage of the flare itself also occurred on the back side
of the sun and in closer time-association with the earlie? events
Precision Microwave Measurements particularly mentioned. There is, of course, noway of establishing the "back-
involving plasmas, noise, parametric devices, aide!' f l a r e as a fact.

'5
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 c

An additional complication, a point of great interest which is Peisonals

under current study, is the lack of subsequent major geomagnetic
and ionospheric storms. The earth's magnetic field registered no David Sabih has recently joined Hughes Fullerton, coming f r o m
major disturbance in the followingRiverside.
few days. Under ordinary Motorola, i
circumstances, such disturbances would be expected.

This fact, coupled with the other apparent anomalies in the Dr. Wayne Masters has been named manager of the antenna Labora-
solar event of June 9, has forced a critical re-appraisal of past tory of Melpar, Inc., Falls Church, Va., a position vacant for some
techniques of observation and earlier conclusions from data. The time. He was formerly supervisor of the antenna and solid
resulting inquiry can be expected to lead to increased understanding dielectrics research group at Boeing Airplane Co., Seattle, Washington.
of the relationships between the individual components of associated
solar events, and a consequent improvement in radio propagation
prediction methods.
Dr. J. T. Bolljahn Memorial services were held at the Stanford
Dr. Wait Serves Interchanges of Radio Propagation Information University Chapel for Dr. John T. Bolljahn, 42, executive vice-
Abroad president of Granger Associates. Dr. Bolljahn died of cancer June 25.

Engaged in a European lethire and research tour of duty over P r i o r t o joining Granger, Dr. Bolljabn was assistant director
a period of six months beginning in August, Dr. James R. Wait of of engineering r e s e a r c h at Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park,
the NBS Boulder Laboratories is serving and international exchange Calif., where he did research on antennas, propagation, microwave
of interest in radio propagation matters. improvement, aircraft communication and navigation, weapon and
missile tracking systems.
Starting as visiting lecturer at the Royal Technical University
of Denmark, Copenhagen, Dr. James R. Wait will additionally He was a fellow in the Institute of Radio Engineers, a member
fulfill radio l e c t w e engagements in England, Germany, Italy, Turkey, of Sigma Xi, Eta Kappa Nu, Tau Beta Pi, and the Armed Forces
I s r a e l and France. Communications and Electronics Association.

In addition to his busy l.ecture schedule, Dr. Wait will be doing Dr. Bolljahn is survived by his widow, two daughters and his
research work on the interaction of plasma with electromagnetic mother.
waves, in the Laboratory at Copenhagen.
A memorial fund in Dr. Bolljahn's name is being established
Known in P G A P circles as former chairman of the Denver- at the Palo Alto Medical Research Foundation, 860 Bryant St., Palo
Boulder chapter and member of various I. R. E. committees, Dr. Alto.
Wait is editor of the Radio Propagation Section of the Journal of
Research and radio propagation consultant at the Boulder Labs.,
National Bureau of Standards.
P e t e r K. Onnigian recently established a firm for the design and
Between engagements at Copenhagen, Dr. W a i t will be in production of antennas. Jampro Antenna Company, 7500 14th Ave.,
Slough, England, in August to present several lectures at the Radio Sacramento, is devoting its major effort in the production of high
Research Board, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research. gain omni-directional antennas. Both horizontal and vertically
September find him in attendance at the GeneralAssembly of polarized types are being manufactured in the 50 to 2,000 Mc range,
URSI where he will presentan invited paper on very low frequency with power capabilities up to 50 KW.
(VLF) propagation. He will also present the chairman's report of
the international working group on surface waves.

At the October NATO (AGARD) meeting in Istanbul, Turkey, Dr. David K. Cheng, P r o f e s s o r of E l e c t r i c a l Engineering at Syracuse
D r . Wait d l present a paper on phase velocity of VLF radio waves University, has been appointed a Guggenheim Fellow. He will take a
and then go to the Weizmann Institute in Israel and the Fritsch Institute leave of absence from Syracuse University for the academic year
for Geoelectricity in Vienna to discuss wave propagation and the 1960-61. His present plans are to be associated with the Imperial
transient electromagnetic phenomena, as well as the geological College of Science and Technology in London and the Swiss Federal
aspects of radio propagation. He will attend discussions in P a r i s a t Institute of Technology in Zurich during the forthcoming year.
the Centre National d ' w d e s d e s Telecommunications on the
theoretical models of tropospheric propagation.

Before returning home, Dr. W a i t visit the Electrophysical Mr. W. G. Scott, Chairman elect of ourWashington, D.C. Chapter,
Institute, Munich, Germany, to present a lecture and attend discussiont has accepted a position with Ford-Aeronutronic Division at
Newport
on VLF wave propagation. He will also visit the Microwave Center Beach,California, He waswithMelpar.
in Florence, Italy, where he aid in a program on the scattering
of surface waves.

During Dr. Wait's absence, K. A. Norton, Chief of the

Radio Propagation Engineering Division of the Boulder Labs., will LARGE ANTENNAS
act as guest editor for the Radio Propagation Section of the NBS
Journal of Research. Cornell 1000 Ft. Dish

Back Issues An astronomical radio telescope consisting of a giant reflector

will make it possible for earthman to study the upper atmosphere, the
ElectronicCommunications,Inc., P. 0. Box12248,St. composition of space and the solar system by radar methods, as well
Petersburg 33, Florida, needs selected back issues of certain LRE as to send and receive radio signals to and from deep within the
TRANSACTIONS for its library. Those willing to sell or contribute universe.
please address "The Librarian" for details
A team of professional engineers, skilled in structures,
Also, anyone who has old IRE Proceedings molding away in mechanics and electronics, is now working on final design andconstruc
attic or garage can donate them to a good cause. Send to R. C. tion drawings. The first construction contract will be awarded in.
Hansen, Space Technology Laboratories Inc., Box 95001, Los August of this year and the completion of the project is scheduled for
Angeles 45, California. Issues needed are: July1961.
Sept.1942; Jan, Feb.,Mar.,April, 1946; Jan. 1949.

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 The radio observatory, to be located at Arecibo, Puerto Rico,
is
' funded by the Advanced Research Projects Agency. Construction
is under t'.s Jeneral direction of Cambridge Research Center (U.S.
Air Force), with Cornell Unive,rsity, Ithaca, serving as the major
contractor. It utilizes a fixe8 rgflector and movable line feed to
receive or transmit radio signals. It avoids the structural difficult-
ies encountered in supporting 1-arge movalSl< dishel %ithin;r;igjd
deflection tolerances and ogcns t h e way-to ?ractica,l.zeflectors many
.
d
times its size.

The reflector udiliees a large, natural sink-hole as a bowl,

providing economical construction. The reflector consists of a
spherical surface of S70 ft. radius, and is designed for a diameter
(in plan) of 1000ft. The reflector mesh is supported by aluminum
members carried by a cable network with frequent supaorts and tie-
downs to maintain the required shape tolerance of plus or minus
0. 1 foot from the true sphere.

Radio signals are picked up by a line feed movable on a

theoretical paraxial surface 435 feet in radius and extending to a
maximum angle of 20 degrees each side of the zenith. The feed
structure consists of a fixed triangular support platform and bow-
and-arrow type feed system. These latter two units a r e connected
by a circular track for full-circle horizontal movement.

The entire feed structure i s suspended from three sets of

rigidized cables which a r e saddled on top of concrete towers and
anchored to a concrete base on rock. The development of E. for
"rigidieing" or prestressing the cables makes it possible to meet the
maximum deflection tolerance of plus o r rr.inus 3 inches for the
suspended structure under temperature, wind and structural loads.

The estimated cost is $3.2 million for the reflector and feed
system, with the over-all project coat about $6,000,000. The
engineering design and supervision i s by a joint venture consisting
of yon Seb, Inc., Developmental Engineering Corporation, Severud-
Elstad-Krueger Associates and Praeger-Kavanagh. with T. C.
Kavanagh of the latter organization acting as chief engineer. The
design of the 1:ne feed is by Technical Research Group, Inc., and is
based on a .rrrinciple worked out by the Cambridge Research Center.
Facilities associated with the antenna a r e being constructed by the
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.

The general conception of the Arecibo observatory project,

the selection of the site and development of the criteria, are the
work of Professor William E, Gordon, project officer of Cornell
University. Phillip Blacksmith of the Cambridge Research Center
is the Air Force Project Officer.

TRG, Incorporated has been awarded a $250,000 contract from-

Cornell University for the design and consiruction of a line source
feed for the 1000 foot spherical reflector antenna of the A i r F o r c e
Arecibo Radio Observatory in Puerto Ftico. The feed and reflector
will be, when completed in August 1961, the world's largest aperture
antenna. At 430 mc, and a peak power of 5.0 Mw, the feed will
transmit linear polarization and receive orthogonal polarizations
simultaneously. The reflector will be a fixed bowl in the ground,
Scanning will be accomplished by rotating the feed like a giant
pendulum about the center of the sphere 870 feet above ground zero.
Scan angle will be i n any direction from the zenith. RADIO TELESCOPE

The feed will consist of a traveling wave slot array in wave-

guide of square cross section. It will be 101 feet long, weigh 5 tons,
and have about 7 6 s radiating slots on all four sides, Supported Send any news to ye olde editor
at the top end 435 feet above ground zero, all of the feed slots must
be accurately positioned to within 2 inches under wind, gravity, and R. C. Hansen
acceleration loads and under differential solar heating. The feed, Space Technology Labs., Inc.
therefore, presents amajor structural as well as electromagnetic Box 9500 1
design problem. L o s Angeles 45, California

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Authorized licensd use limted to: IE Xplore. Downlade on May 10,2 at 19:026 UTC from IE Xplore. Restricon aply.