2

TOPIC: LOGARITHMS

1) Write each exponential form in logarithmic form and each logarithmic form exponentially.
2
i) 3 = 243
5
ii) 10 = 1
0
iii) b = c
a
iv) e = 7.3891
2
v) 27 = 9
3

vi) 5 = log 2 32 vii) log 2 8 = 3 viii) log 3 81 = 4 ix) log 1 9 = −2

3

2) Use the properties of logarithm to simplify the following. Do not use calculator.
i) log 4 64 ii) log 27 3 iii) log5 5 iv) ln e x v) log8 2
log 2 125  2 log 32  2 log 9
vi) ln 3 e vii) viii)   ix) x) 2 log 9 − 4 log 3
log 2 25  3log 64  4 log 3

3) Express the following as a single logarithm:

i) log3 54 − log 3 6 ii) log15 − log 2 + log 8 − log 60 iii) 2 log k 4a − log k 64a 4 + 3log k 2a
iv) 2 ln (5 a 3 b ) − ln (12 5 a 6 b − 2 ) + 1 v) log 5 ( x 2 − 1) − log 5 ( x + 1) − log5 ( x − 1)

4) Express as sum and differences of single logarithms (and constants where applicable).
 
81x11 y 3   27 x3   e x y 2 x xe 
(i) log3  (ii) log 3  1 − x2  (iii) ln  y x 11 

( )
4 
3x 2 y5    x y e 
 
5) Given that log x 3 = p and log x 5 = q , express the following in terms of p and q:
125   25 y × 9b 
i) log x 45 ii) log x  iii) log x  a 6
 81   5 × 243 

6) State whether the following statements are true or false:

ii) − log   = log  
a b
i) log k (a + b) = log k a + log k b iii) log c ab n = n log c ab
b a
log k a log k a  p
iv) logb a = v) log k a − log k b = vi) log   = log p − log q − log r
log k b log k b  qr 

7) Evaluate the following, giving your answer correct to 3 decimal places.

i) log 7 345 ii) log14 9 iii) log 2.5 25 iv) log 2 1.5

8) Solve the following equations for x:

i) 52 x = 155 ii) 617 = e3 x iii) 442 x−9 + 23 = 555 iv) log 2 x = 3 v) log x + log 3 = 2
vi) log x(2 x − 1) = 1 vii) log 2 ( x + 1) + log 2 ( x − 1) = 3 viii) log x + 2 (4 − x) = 1 + log x + 2 ( x)

Question 9

Show that log 96 − 2 log 36 − log 2 + 3log 3 = 0