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Objective Home Science At a Glance
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Shanti Balda Deepak Kumar Verma

CCS Haryana Agricultural University Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
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Pramod K. Prabhakar Ritu Mittal

National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management Punjab Agricultural University
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Objective Home Science
At a Glance
(For ASRB-ARS Pre, ICAR-NET, ICAR-SRF, ICAR-JRF, UGC-NET and
Other Competitive Examinations)
Shanti Balda
Deepak Kumar Verma
P K Prabhakar
Ritu Mittal
Preeti Sharma
Sarita Saini
Rupal Babel
Hemu Rathore
Manideep Kaur
An imprint of Scientific Publishers (India)

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This book is dedicated to the
Women's education
“You educate a girl and she can change

the world around her"
said by Sheryl Wudunn,
is a business executive, entrepreneur,
best-selling author, and
first Asian-American to win a Pulitzer Prize
&
Agriculture
“Everything can wait but

agriculture cannot wait”
said by Jawaharlal Nehru,
Indian Statesman and the
First Prime Minister of
India
Author’s and Contributor’s Page
Shanti Balda is Professor of Human Development and Family

Studies at IC College of Home Sciences, Chaudhary Charan Singh
Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (Haryana) - 125 004,
INDIA. She headed the Department of Human Development and
Family Studies for a period of four years. She received her M.Sc.
degree in Child Development from Chaudhary Charan Singh
Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (Haryana) - 125 004,
INDIA. In 1994, she was recipient of the Australian Development
Cooperation Scholarship for PhD study from Queensland University
of Technology, Brisbane, Australia. She received the Best Teacher Award for
involvement in teaching and research activities in 2006-07. In master’s her area of
specialization was Child Development and in PhD her specialization was Early
Childhood Education. She has guided more than fifteen M.Sc. and PhD students. She
has taught a wide range of Under Graduate and Postgraduate courses. Currently, she is
working on a research project “Childhood Aggression and its Management”. Her
activities and involvement includes international and national conferences, seminars,
workshops, trainings and the publication of research articles and chapters in books. In
addition, she has compiled course manuals for the use of under graduate and post
graduate students. She is a member of various scientific and professional societies.
Deepak Kumar Verma is an agricultural science professional and
is currently PhD Research Scholar in the specialization of Food
Processing Engineering at Agricultural and Food Engineering
Department, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kharagpur (WB) –
721 302, INDIA. In 2012, He received a fellowship grant DST-
INSPIRE Fellowship for PhD study by the Department of Science &
Technology (DST), Ministry of Science and Technology, Govt. of
India. Mr. Verma was earned M. Sc. (Ag.) in Agricultural
Biochemistry in 2011 with First rank and also received a
department topper award from the Department of Agricultural
Biochemistry, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agricultural and Technology,
Kanpur (UP) – 208 002. During master, his area of specialization was being
Agricultural-Biochemistry. Thus, he has built-up a sound background not only in Plant
Biochemistry but also in other areas including Plant Physiology, Biotechnology and
Genetic Engineering, Plant Pathology, Microbiology. His activities and accomplishments
include conferences, seminar, workshop, training and also the publication of research
articles, books and book’s chapter.
vi Objective Home Science At a Glance
Pramod Kumar Prabhakar is a research professional in

Agricultural and Food Engineering Department at IIT Kharagpur.
He served as an Assistant Professor (Food Engineering) at the
National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and
Management, Kundli, Sonepat – 131 028, Haryana, and taught
Engineering Properties of Bio-materials and Fruits & Vegetable
Process Engineering courses to B. Tech. and M. Tech. students. Mr.
Prabhakar earned his B. Tech. in Agricultural Engineering from
Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur-848 125, Bihar
and M. Tech. (Food Process Engineering) from Agricultural and Food Engineering
Department, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kharagpur (WB) – 721 302, INDIA.
He obtained MHRD Fellowship for post-graduate study and has been awarded UGC
fellowship for doctoral education in India. He has qualified ASRB-NET in 2014. His
research interest has involved Food Engineering and Rheology. His major activities and
accomplishments include publication of review and research articles, conferences,
seminars and workshop.
Ritu Mittal is presently working as Assistant Professor in the
department of Home Science Extension and Communication
Management, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab,
India. She has around fifteen years of experience in the field of
extension, research and teaching. Her field of specialization is
communication management, capacity building and women
entrepreneurship. She has worked as an Associated Scientist on a
project sponsored by the World Bank. Presently she is handling a
project sponsored by DST. She has published twelve research
papers, fifteen popular articles and several book chapters. She has
presented research papers in several International and National conferences/ seminars.
She has taught many of the undergraduate courses and is the member of University
SRF Examination preparation committee.
Preeti Sharma is presently working as Assistant Professor in the
department of Home Science Extension and Communication
Management, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab,
India. She has thirteen years of experience in the field of extension,
research and teaching. Her field of specialization is women
empowerment, capacity building, entrepreneurship and water
management. She has worked on several projects sponsored by
ICAR, DST on different positions. Presently she is handling two
projects sponsored by DST and UGC. She has published one book
entitled “Entrepreneurial activities of SHGs: Instrumental for the empowerment of rural
women.” She has authored seven book chapters and published fourteen research papers
and several popular articles. She has presented research papers in several International
and National conferences/ seminars. She has taught many of the undergraduate courses
and is the member of University JRF Examination preparation committee. She has been
Author's and Contributior's Page vii
awarded with several awards such as University Gold Medal for PhD research, Ganga
Singh Chauhan Memorial Award for meritorious research work in the field of Extension
Education, Junior research fellowship and Senior research fellowship by Indian Council
of Agricultural Research for M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees.
Sarita Saini is a Human Development specialist engaged in
teaching, research and extension for the last 18 years at Punjab
Agricultural University Ludhiana. She obtained her Bachelors’,
Masters’ and Doctorate degrees from College of Home Science,
Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. She is a recipient of the
University Gold Medal for securing First Position in B.Sc. Home
Science in the year 1986-87 and recipient of Jawaharlal Nehru
Memorial Fund Prize for outstanding Academic Performance in
B.Sc. in the year 1986-87. She is also a recipient of Merit scholarship
in her B.Sc. and M.Sc. Classes. Dr. (Mrs.) Saini is a member of many
National and International Professional Societies such as the National Society of Home
Scientists of State Agricultural Universities, Home Science Association of India, Indian
Association for Pre-School Education, Indian Science Congress Association and Punjab
Academy of Sciences. She has acted as an Examiner and Paper Setter for various
universities from time to time. She has more than 35 research papers and 25 extension
articles to her credit. She has co-authored two books viz. ‘Behaviour, Needs and
Management of Special Children’ and ‘Development during Early Years’. She has also
co-authored three Reference Manuals for UG teaching. Apart from her dedicated
involvement in her professional duties relating to Teaching, Research and Extension,
she had been NSS Programme officer for the Girls Unit of College of Home Science for
three years. She has also been Principal Investigator of a research project sponsored by
the Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR), New Delhi.
Rupal Babel is a Home science professional and is doctorate in

Textiles and Apparel Designing. She is presently working as
Assistant Professor with Deptt. of Textiles and Apparel Designing,
College of Home Science, Maharana Pratap University of
Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur (Rajasthan) – 313001, INDIA.
She has 14 years of experience in teaching UG and PG students
along with original contributions in the field of Research and
Extension. She was the recipient of several Medals, Scholarships
and Fellowships during student career. Her activities and
accomplishments include conferences, seminars, workshops,
trainings and also the publication of research articles, books and book’s chapter. She is a
life member of many Professional organizations. She is full of enthusiasm and has
willingness to constantly update herself in the subject.
viii Objective Home Science At a Glance
Hemu Rathore is an Assistant Professor in the Department of

Family Resource Management at the Maharana Pratap University
of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan. She received
her B.Sc. in Home Science from the Mohanlal Sukhadia University,
Udaipur and her Ph.D. in Indoor Air quality management from the
Department of Family Resource Management at the Maharana
Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Her
research interests involve empowerment of farm women through
Ergonomics, Drudgery reduction and technological interventions. .
She has taught courses in Interior designing and decoration, work and work station
design at both undergraduate and graduate levels. In addition, she has written booklets
in on work simplification, drudgery reducing tools, occupational health and safety in
agriculture, which are aimed for empowering and enhancing quality of life among
women farmers. She is a co-author of books on Home Science at a Glance and Drudgery
of Farm Women its assessment and management.
Manideep Kaur a specialist in Clothing & Textiles with Home

Science background, did her Master’s degree in Clothing and Textiles
with merit from Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana in 2004.
She is a University Colour holder for her achievements in Sports. In
her 6 years of research & teaching, she developed Eco Friendly Block
Printing Paste and Holi Colours. She visited more than 100 textile
manufacturing units to observe their Waste Management Practices
and suggested ways to reduce the waste thus increasing their profits
and contributed towards having a safe environment. She was
awarded for the Best Poster Presentation in national seminar of SHSARI on
empowerment of women: emerging challenges in 2010. Her accomplishments include
various conferences, seminar, workshop, training and also the publication of research
articles.
Preface
Home science is offered as a discipline, but is more a subject of study with the
rapid change in the International and National scenario. In colleges/ institutes/
universities etc., the study of home science offers with aiming at preparing future
housewives for aristocratic families. Thus, it can be referred as the science of
House Craft and Domestic, at where, have an eminent place even for women at
colleges/ institutes/ universities etc. level. Home Science is a popular subject offers
three most cherished goals, namely: 1) Around development of the personalities of
the members in home & family. 2) Preparation for career. 3) Ability to manage
homes and families, at various levels of education and in various programs of
education, development and welfare viz. Foods and Nutrition; Family Resource
Management; Human Development and Family Studies; Textile and Apparel
Designing; Home Science Extension and Community Management. The study of
Home Sciences has undergone with tremendous changes in the past few decades in
all above mentioned areas and also increase in the information technology, the
world has shrunken to a global village. The multi-nationals have invaded the
homes thus, new carriers are emerging and greater competition between different
job venues is coming up. Home Science as a field is firmly embedded in the
agriculture and is extremely useful in enhancing the status of women and
children. In India, Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR) is playing a
pivotal role and Agriculture Scientist Recruitment Board (ASRB) playing a key
role in the development of home science education and research in addition of
agriculture by selecting world class scientist in this field. And another side, the
University Grant Commission (UGC) has the unique distinction of being the only
grant-giving agency in the country which has been vested with two
responsibilities: that of providing funds and that of coordination, determination
and maintenance of standards in institutions of higher education. Thus, need to be
re-looked and revamped to withstand the competition from other upcoming
avenues of jobs as well as the changing needs of farm and working families.
Therefore the present book ‘Objective HOME SCIENCE At a Glance’ will be an
asset in preparation and qualifying ASRB, UGC-NET, ICAR examination by
covering objective questions and answers to prepare good Scientist and Expertise
in all fields of home science by covering its wide fields of knowledge.
“Objective HOME SCIENCE At a Glance” is a multiple choice question
book specially designed to improve the knowledge of students and to provide them
a powerful knowledge and feedback in their progress and future opportunities.
Thus, primarily this book can serve as a self-assessment guide for the students
who are preparing for competitive examinations specially UGC-NET, ICAR-ARS
Pre, ICAR-NET, ICAR-SRF, ICAR-JRF, SAU’s etc. And secondly, meant for those
x Objective Home Science At a Glance
who appearing for UG, PG study in home science colleges/ institutes/ universities
etc. The questions of this book are compiled from standard textbooks on Child
Development, Foods and Nutrition, Home Management/Family Resource
Management and Home Science Extension Education, Textiles and Clothing with
the syllabus of UGC-NET, ICAR-ARS Pre, ICAR-NET, ICAR-SRF, ICAR-JRF,
SAU’s and other competitive examinations. The main objective of this book is to
help students enrich their powerful knowledge of different areas of home science
because it is essential for the development of students in the area of home science.
We hope that this book certainly will increase the knowledge of different
discipline in home sciences, cracking examinations in various fields/subject (Foods
and Nutrition; Family Resource Management; Human Development and Family
Studies; Textile and Apparel Designing; Home Science Extension and Community
Management) that are essential now a day to provide complete knowledge for the
proper accurate, reliable and quicker assessment. This book will also be very
useful for teachers and researchers, related to home science subject to stimulate
the success to the student’s career.
We request and welcome our esteemed readers of this book to send their
valuable suggestions and expectations in further improvement of this book in the
next issue.
Authors
ICAR-ARS Pre and ICAR-NET Syllabus
HOME SCIENCE
Unit 1:- Human Nutrition, Health and Interventions.
Balanced diet-Food groups, Food pyramid. Macro and micro nutrients in human
nutrition-Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals and water -
requirements, sources, functions, metabolism and effects of deficiency and toxicity
of the nutrients. Nutrients interrelationship. Inborn errors of metabolism.
Phytochemicals, antioxidants, prebiotics and probiotics, functional foods and
nutraceuticals. Drug and nutrient interaction. Diet & nutritional therapy in
disorders of obesity, underweight, gastro intestinal tract, kidney, liver, heart,
lungs, cancer, diabetes mellitus, food allergies and intolerances, Major Public
Health and Nutritional problems in India-Causes, magnitude and distribution.
Assessment of Community Nutritional status by Standard methods. National
Nutrition Policy, National and International organizations programmes to combat
malnutrition. Nutritional epidemiology, Public health aspects of human nutrition.
Objectives, Principles and Importance of Nutrition education, Nutrition
monitoring and Surveillance.
Unit 2:- Food Science and Processing Technologies
Need & Scope of Food Science, Physico-chemical properties of foods, Methods of

cooking-merits & demerits, factors affecting cooking. Sensory evaluation and
Consumer acceptability, Food fortification, enrichment and supplementation. Food
additives and Preservatives. Anti-nutritional factors & Toxicants in foods. Food
hygiene and sanitation, Food-borne illnesses, infections and food poisoning. Food
Adulteration, Food Standards, Laws & Regulations for food safety. Post-harvest
losses, food spoilage and its causes. Food Processing techniques, effects on
nutritional value, food packaging and labeling. Quantitative and Qualitative
changes during post-harvest handling and processing of foods. Principles and
methods of food processing, drying, concentration, freezing, cryogenic freezing
fermentation, irradiation, canning, sterilization, pasteurization. Processing &
packaging techniques for cereals, millets and legumes, milk and milk products,
fruits and vegetables, nuts and oilseeds, meat, fish and poultry. Role of
warehousing corporation and Food Corporation of India on post-harvest
conservation. Storage of perishable and non-perishable foods, traditional and
modern food storage.
xii Objective Home Science At a Glance
Unit 3 : Textile Science, Fashion Designing and Garment Production
Natural and Man-made fibers: Classification and Processing. Textile testing and
Quality Control, importance of textile and apparel testing; textile performance
standards and various organizations associated. Fibre, yarn and fabric testing,
Dyes and Pigments - classification dyeing techniques (solution dyeing, fibre
dyeing, yarn dyeing, piece and garment dyeing), resist dyeing. Methods of printing
(block, screen, stencil, roller, transfer printing and batik). Principles of weaving -
basic weaves, (plain, twill and satin), decorative/fancy weaves (jacquard, dobby,
leno, double cloth, warp and weft figuring, pile weave). Knitting (principles,
classification and knitting machines). Technological advances in dyeing and
printing. Finishes- Principles and methods of washing and finishing. Stain
removal. Care and Storage of clothes. Anthropometric measurements (importance
and techniques); clothing construction (basic principles of drafting, flat pattern
and draping methods), flat pattern making, principles of pattern making, draping;
standards, grading and alteration of basic block; Clothing requirements for
different age groups, factors affecting clothing choices and fashion trends. Use of
CAD in textile industry. Role and importance of textile and garment industry in
Indian economy. Marketing of textiles and clothing- Price determination (different
methods of pricing), Export and import procedure and policies, Sale promotion
techniques. Status of Textile and Apparel industries in the Global Scenario.
Unit 4 : Human Development and Family Dynamics
Stages of human development (prenatal development stage, infancy, early

childhood, middle childhood, adolescence, early and middle adulthood, old age and
maturity). Physical, emotional, intellectual, social, moral, language and
personality development. Role of family, school and peer interaction in the
development of the child. Theories of child/human development with special
reference to cognitive development theories. Socio-cultural aspects of population
growth and population policies. Developmental programmes for women and
children. Status of women in India, rights of women and children, national policy
for children, national commission for women. Marriage - concept and meaning.
Readiness for marriage-physiological, social, psychological and others. Premarital
association, premarital guidance and counseling. Approaches to study family-
developmental social, psychological and educational. Family planning. Legal
aspects: laws regarding marriage, adoption, divorce, inheritance. Children with
special needs (types of impairments: physical, visual, auditory, mental retardation,
cerebral palsy, speech defects, and learning disabilities). Special education for
children with developmental challenge. Trends and issues in early childhood care
and education. Parent and community education. Theories of Personality
development. Pubertal changes and effects on personality development.
Developmental tasks of adolescence and problems faced.
ICAR-ARS Pre and ICAR-NET Syllabus xiii
Unit 5 : Family Resource Management and Consumer Science
Systems approach to Family Resource Management, Concept, Planning,

Resources, management processes communication. Art principles and Interior
enrichment, Housing and Space design, household energy and equipment, Family
finance and Consumer education. Process of management. Decision making
process. Application of management process to time, money and energy for work
simplification. Application of Mundel’s classes of change in household work,
agricultural and allied tasks. Energy crisis, its causes and implications for energy
management in homes. Equipment, tools and accessories for rural and urban
houses. Guidelines for budgeting. Banking, e-banking and insurance. Credit.
Consumer rights, Consumer Protection Act and other laws. Elements and
principles of art and their application in interior decoration. Design and its type.
Colour-its importance in interior decoration, colour theories, colour schemes and
their application in interior decoration. Furniture and household furnishing-types,
selection, care and maintenance. Wall and window types treatments. Floor and
floor coverings. Lighting-functions, natural and artificial light. Flower
arrangement, tools and accessories used. Functional design and arrangement of
work places for different occupational activities. Ergonomic designing of furniture
and equipment. Determining physiological cost of work. Planning interiors for
people with special needs. Environment and health hazards due to pollution.
Concepts of household and farm waste and its utilization techniques.
Environmental education and rain water harvesting.
Unit 6: Home Science Extension and Communication Methods
Home Science extension education: concept, principles, philosophy, objectives and

approaches. Genesis of rural development programmes in India. Community
Development and Integrated Rural Development- concept, principles and
objectives. Relationship between family and community development. Gender
sensitivity in extension education programmes. Leadership-concept, types,
identification, training and mobilizing local leaders for community participation.
Problems of women leaders. Panchayati Raj-philosophy, concept, functioning and
scope. Extension methods and audio-visual aids. classification, selection, use and
production. Modularized communication- concept, approach, need , process of
designing instruction for transfer of communication. Concept, functions, key
elements, theories and models of communication. Barriers to communication.
Revolution in communication strategies. Advanced techniques in mass
communication and soft-ware production. Participatory communication – theories
and models, designing and developing participatory massage. Concept, need and
constraint of community based learning. Concept, steps, principles and theories of
programme planning. Application of programme planning for Home Science
Extension through PERT and CPM. Evaluation – concept, significance, methods
and tools for monitoring and evaluation. Development programmes, viz. Integrated
xiv Objective Home Science At a Glance
Rural Development Programme (IRDP), Development of Women and Children in

Rural Areas (DWCRA), Training of Rural Youth for Self Employment (TRYSEM),
Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs). Role of Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs)
in extension, SWOT analysis of development programmes. Programmes and
agencies promoting women as entrepreneurs. Types and techniques of training for
developing entrepreneurial activities in Home Science areas. Self Help Groups-
concept, organization, mobilization and functioning of SHGs for sustainability.
Human Resource Development- concept, need and strategies.
ICAR-SRF Syllabus
CHILD DEVELOPMENT
Section 1
Major factors influence human growth and development. Principles of human

growth and development. Study and analysis of significant areas of development;
physical and motor aspects, cognitive processes, acquisition of language, creativity,
learning and motivation. Study of emotional aspects, social behaviour, moral
development and values, and personality development.
Section 2
Meaning and significance of child development theories. Psychoanalytic theories of

Freud, Alder, Jung and the Neo, Freudians-Karen Horney, Sullivan, and Erech
Fromm. Erikson’s stages of psycho-social development. Piaget’s theory of cognitive
development. Language development theories of Chomsky and learning theories of
Pavlov Skinner, Thorndike, Watson and Gestalt psychology. Theories of Heinz
Werner and Kohlberg. Personality theories of Allport, Murray and Lewin’s Field
theory.
Section 3
Administration of pre-schools. Planning infrastructure and programmes for pre-

schools education. Maintenance, budget and keeping of records. Principles of
curriculum planning, and indoor and outdoor activities of nursery school.
Section 4
Education in ancient period, middle ages, and during reformation and industrial
revolution. Education during British period. Modern education. Historical review
of major philosophies of early thinkers like Lock, Owan, Rousseau, Pestallozzi,
Froebel and Montessori. Gandhi’s basic education and contributions of Giju Bhai
and Tarabai Modak. Importance of pre- school education. Models of types of pre-
school in India.
Section 5
Definition and needs of exceptional children. Classification of exceptional children:

visual impairment, deaf and hard of hearing, speech and language defect, crippled
child, socially and emotionally maladjusted and juvenile delinquents. Gitted and
xvi Objective Home Science At a Glance
mentally retarded children. Psychological problems: necrosis, psychoneurosis,

psychoses and schizophrenia. Rehabilitation of exceptional children.
Section 6
Physical, social, intellectual and emotional development during late childhood and
their characteristic. Physical, moral, social, emotional and intellectual
development during adolescence. Adulthood and old age. psychological, economic
and social problems of the aged and rehabilitation of the aged. National and
community services for the aged.
Section 7
Concept, need and principles of guidance. Aims and objectives of individual and
group guidance. Sources of information and methods of group guidance. Use of
psychological tests and criteria for testing and measurements. Guidance services:
meaning, scope, principles of counselling services, methods and techniques in
counselling service for children, parents and youth.
Section 8
Family in social context. Approaches to study of family: developmental, social,

psychological and educational. Modern trends in Indian, urban and rural families
and changing family functions. Changing roles and relationships. Influence of
socioeconomic status, culture, religion and the role of family in maintaining
mental health. Problems of the family related to sexual misbehaviour, aggression
and hostility, drug addiction, AIDS etc. Services for family and children: creches,
Balwadis and feeding programmes. Services for adolescents and youth.
Rehabilitation of juvenile delinquent.
Section 9
Meaning and need for community education. Child rearing practices of community.
Objectives and principles of parent education. The disadvantaged family. Problems
and needs of the disadvantaged family and child. Subject matter or areas of
knowledge for parent education. Role of parents and teachers in children. Methods
and procedures of parent and community education.
ICAR-SRF Syllabus xvii
FOOD AND NUTRITION

Section 1
Food production and consumption trends in India and their consequences on

nutrition situation. Cereals, millets, pulses, oilseeds, vegetables, fruits, milk, eggs,
meat and other animal foods. Nutritional value of these food groups and their
contribution towards nutrients in Indian diets.
Section 2
Grain storage practices in India. Quantitative and qualitative losses during post-
harvest handling and storage of food grains. Improved and scientific methods of
storage of foodgrains.
Section 3
Food processing-physical and chemical changes in foods during processing

including cooking and preservation with special reference to sensory characteri-
stics and nutritional value. Traditional methods of processing such as steaming,
parboiling, germination, malting and fermentation and their nutritional
advantages. Food colours, flavours and enzymes, and their importance.
Section 4
Food safety-natural toxicants, pesticide residues, common adulterants and

mycotoxins, their harmful effects on health, and methods of eliminating harmful
effects.
Section 5
Macro- and micro-nutrients in human nutrition. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins,

vitamins, minerals and trace elements. Requirements, sources., functions and
effects of deficiency. Energy-methods of assessing energy requirement and factors
influencing requirement. Qualitative differences in food proteins and methods of
assessing protein quality. Factors influencing availability of minerals. Nutrients
inter-relationships. Importance of fibre in human nutrition. Water and electrolyte
balance. Metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. Role of vitamins and
hormones in metabolism.
Section 6
Major nutrition problems in India — causes, magnitude and distribution.

Nutritional problems of vulnerable segments — pregnant and lactating women,
and pre-school children.
xviii Objective Home Science At a Glance
Section 7
Food nutrition programmes to combat malnutrition-strategies, targets and

progress. Assessment of community nutritional status-anthropometry, diet survey,
biochemical and clinical methods. Indicators/parameters and standards used for
assessment by different methods. Growth norms for pre-school children and
importance of growth monitoring.
Section 8
Nutritional requirements of pregnant and lactating women, and pre-school

children. Consequences of chronic nutritional deficiencies in these groups. Infant
and child feeding practices in India and importance of promoting good feeding
practices.
Section 9
Nutrition in disease, therapeutic modifications of normal diets and their use in

treatment of diseases of gastro-intestinal, cardio-vascular, renal, hepatic,
metabolic and febrile disorders. Dietary guidelines and cardiovascular diseases.
HOME MANAGEMENT/FAMILY RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Section 1: Family Resources Management
Interdisciplinary nature of management and systems approach to family

management. Philosophy and concepts of management: goal types and goal
setting, and value types. Sources of learning values and their importance to
family. Standards — type and relationship with values and goals. Process of
management-planning, controlling, evaluating, organizing and their application to
resource use and resource development. Decision making in use and development
of resources. Decision types. Application of management processes to time and
energy for work simplification. Application of Mudell’s classes of change in
household work and agricultural task.
Section 2: Art Principles and Interior Enrichment
Importance of good taste. Elements and principles of art and their application to
interior decoration. Selection of art objects and making of decorative accessories
for homes. Flower arrangement.
ICAR-SRF Syllabus xix
Section 3: Housing and Space Designing
Identifying family housing needs. Selection of site. Principles of house planning-

orientation, space requirements for various activities and room layout. Building
materials, their characteristics, selection and suitability for low cost rural and
urban housing. Estimating costs of building a house. Advantages of owning and
renting.
Section 4: Household Energy and Equipments
Household energy forms: sources, fuels and their classification. Energy crisis, its
causes and implications for energy management in homes. National efforts for
energy and environmental conservation. Equipments, tools and accessories for
rural and urban houses, their selection, maintenance and care. Low cost simple
equipments — hay box, water filter, solar cookers. etc.
Section 5: Family Finance and Consumer Education
Family income—types, sources and contributors. Financial planning-guidelines for

budgeting, Engel’s law, expenditure, account keeping, investments and savings.
Credit — rural credit sources, advantage, disadvantages, selection and
repayments. Consumer problems-buying problems, adulteration and substandard
goods. Public distribution system. Consumer rights and responsibilities, and
consumer protection measures. Consumer organization and their roles.
Section 6: Entrepreneurship Management
Scope for enterprise. Sources of information for projects proposals and kinds of
information needed. Role of government and private organization in financing.
Section 7: Markets and Marketing
Types of markets, their functions and pricing. Marketing information systems.

Sales management and product promotion.
HOME SCIENCE EXTENSION EDUCATION
Section 1: Fundamentals of Extension Education
Home science extension education: concept, principles, philosophy, objectives and

approaches. Growth of extension as a discipline and profession. Genesis of rural
development programmes in India. Community development and integrated rural
development-concept, principles and objectives. Relationship between family and
community development.
xx Objective Home Science At a Glance
Section 2: Rural Institutions
Structure and functions of rural institutions, process of activating them, and

factors influencing their involvement in rural development. Leadership-concept,
types, identification, training and mobilizing local leaders for community
participation. Panchayati Raj: philosophy, concept, functioning and scope.
Section 3: Programme Planning and Evaluation
Concept, principles and theories of programme planning. Application of

programme planing for home science extension. Systematic development of plan of
work. Application of PERT and CPM. Evaluation — concept, significance, methods
and tools for monitoring an evaluation. Five-year plans-critical analysis with
special reference programmes for women, children and youth. Development
programmes viz. Integrated Child Development Service (lCDS), Integrated Rural
Development Programme (lRDP), Development of women and Children in Rural
Areas (DWCRA), Training of Rural Youth for Self-Employment (TRYSEM), Krishi
Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) ect. Role of Non-government Organizations (NGOs) in
extension.
Section 4: Extension Management
Meaning, nature, principles, process, functions and scope of administration and

management. Critical analysis of organizational set up of extension administration
at various levels. Training — principles and importance of extension training,
methods of training; factors affecting extension training; identifying training
needs; and assessment of training impact.
Section 5 Entrepreneurial Development
Concept, significance and scope. Programmes and agencies promoting women as

entrepreneurs.
Section 6: Extension Methods and Communication Techniques
Extension methods and audio-visual aids. Characteristics of adult learning.

Teaching-learning process in extension. Individual, group and mass approaches in
extension. Audio-visual aids-classification, selection, use and production of low
cost audio-visual aids. Traditional media for development. Cost effectiveness of
communication media.
Section 7: Communication for Development
Concept, functions, key elements, theories and models of communication. Barriers

to communication. Concept and models of development. Diffusion and adoption for
ICAR-SRF Syllabus xxi
social change-concept, process, models and theories. Revolution in communication

strategies. Advanced techniques in mass communication and software production.
Section 8: Research Methods in Home Science Extension
Need for social science research. Process and designs of scientific research.
Measurement — levels of measurement and corresponding statistical techniques.
Validity and reliability of measuring devices. Methods of observation and data
collection. Techniques of tabulation and analysis of data. Report writing.
Importance of research in extension programmes.
Section 9: Social Statistics
Sampling techniques. Normal distribution. Tests and significance of difference.

ANOVA. Correlation and regression — simple, partial and multiple. Path
Analysis. Factor Analysis.
TEXTILES AND CLOTHING
Section 1
Methods of developing patterns — flat, draping and drafting. Application of special

sewing technique in dress designing. Figure irregularities and special problems
with reference to apparel designing. Evaluation of finished garments and clothing.
Commercial processes in apparel industry. Factors influencing costumes and dress
designing. Fashion forecasting. Socio-psychological aspects of clothing. Traditional
costumes, textiles and embroideries of India and their influence on modern trends.
Section 2
Manufacture/processing, structure and physical, chemical and biological properties

of cotton, silk, rayon and synthetics. Bleaches-types and their commercial
application. Special finishes applied to different fibres such as wash-n-wear,
water-proof, water repellent, shrink proof, durable press, carbonising for p/c
blends. Quantitative estimation of blends and mixtures. Water, detergents —
types and their influence on fabric performance.
Section 3
Study of dyes and pigments-composition, properties, advantages and

disadvantages. Advanced dyeing and printing methods.
xxii Objective Home Science At a Glance
Section 4
Importance of quality testing in textiles and clothing. Fibre, yarn and fabric
testing methods. Methods of texturization and their applications. Fabric blending
methods and their applications. Role of textile testing standards and methods.
Section 5
Analysis of textile designs. Application of art principles in textile and clothing.

Role of colour in textile and garments designs. Classification, characteristics and
application of novelty yarns. Types of fabric manufacture — knitted, laced, bonded,
needle-punched etc., Woven — special twills leno, double cloth, dobby, jacquard,
warp and weft figuring, terry pile weaving, warp and circular knitting. Cloth
defects and faulty merchandizing. Textile designing centres and their function.
Section 6
Role of textile industry in Indian economy. Status of textile industry in the last
decade with reference to cotton, rayon, jute, silk, wool, garments and hosiery.
Domestic and international consumption. Export and import policies of textiles
and garments. Five Year Plans and their influence on textile and clothing related
policies. Associations and research organisations related to textiles, garments,
hosiery and consumer. Sales promotion techniques for textiles and garments.
Consumer education and protection methods.
UGC-NET Syllabus
HOME SCIENCE
Unit—I : Food Science
Food Groups, Food Preparation, Food Preservation, Food Science and Food
Analysis, Food Processing.
Unit—II : Nutrition Science
Fundamentals of nutrition, Nutritional biochemistry, Food microbiology, Public

nutrition, Therapeutic nutrition.
Unit—III : Institutional Management
Management of Hospitality Institutes — Hospital/Hotel/Restaurant/Café and

Outdoor catering; Management of Social. Institutes — Family as Institute, child
care and Geriatric Institutes, Panchayats; Management of Educational Institutes
— Pre-school, Primary and Secondary Schools. (Colleges and Universities) Higher
Educational Institutes; Management of Special Institutes — For physically,
mentally and socially challenged Challenges and problems faced by Institutions.
Unit—IV Clothing
Principles of clothing — Socio-psychological aspects of clothing. selection of fabrics.

clothing and family clothing; Clothing construction — Basic principles of drafting.
fiat pattern and draping methods; Textile design — Principles and concepts;
Fashion design — Fashion cycles, business and merchandising; Care and
maintenance of textile materials and garments; Laundry agents — Methods and
equipments.
Unit—V : Textiles
General properties and fine structure of all textile fibers; Processing and
manufacture of all natural and man-made fibers; Definition and classification of
yarns: Identification of yarns and It’s use in various fabrics; Fabric construction,
definition and types of woven, non-woven, knitted and other construction
techniques; Testings of fibers, yarns and fabric: Importance of quality control and
research Institutes.
xxiv Objective Home Science At a Glance
Unit—VI : Resource Management
Concept of Home management and steps; Management of Human Resources;

Classification of Resources: Basic Characteristics of Resources; Decision making in
family: Steps in decision making: Methods of resolving conflicts; Work
simplification; Importance of work simplification in home; Mundel’s classes of
change: Simple pen and pencil technique in work simplification; Housing. Interior
design, Principles of Interior design. Various colours and colour schemes
Household equipment—Selection and Care.
Unit—VII: Human Development
Child Development— Principles and Stages; Life Span Development—Theories of

Human Development and Behavior Child rearing, Socialization practices and
Dynamics; Early Childhood Care and Education— Emerging trends Development
problems and disabilities during childhood and adolescence, guidance and
counselling Advanced child study methods and assessment; Women's Studies.
Family Welfare Programme— Recent Approaches.
Unit—VIlI: Non-formal Education and Extension Education
History and Development of Home Science in Formal/Non-formal and Extension

Education; Theory and Practices of programme/curriculum planning and
development; Management and Administration of Formal/Non-formal and
Extension Education; Monitoring. Supervision and Evaluation of Formal, Non-
formal and Extension Education; Vocationalization of Home Science in India;
Theories and Principles of Guidance and Counselling in Formal/Non-formal/
Extension; Problems and Challenges encountered in Forma/Non-forma/Extension.
Unit-IX : Developmental and Educational
Communication Concept and classification of communication; Traditional Methods

and Materials of communication—selection/preparation/use; Modern methods and
materials of communication—selection/preparation/use Strategies for developme-
ntal communication; Classroom communications in Home Science trends;
Communication for publicity and public relations; Change and challenges in
communication in contemporary society.
Unit—X : Methods of Research
Trends in Research in Home Science; Research Designs; Types of Research;

Sampling Techniques; Selection and Preparation of Tools for data collection; Type
of variables and their selection; Data collection and classification/coding; Analysis
of data through parametric and non-parametric statistics; Report writing—
presentation of data, interpretation and discussion.
Contents
Author’s and Contributor’s Page

Preface
Syllabus
ICAR-ARS Pre and ICAR-NET Syllabus
ICAR-SRF Syllabus
Child Development
Foods and Nutrition
Home Management/Family Resource Management
Home Science Extension Education
Textiles and Clothing
UGC-NET Syllabus
Chapter-1. Food Science and Nutrition 1

Deepak Kumar Verma and Pramod Kumar Prabhakar
Chapter-2. Textile Science, Fashion Designing and Garment Production

Rupal Babel and Manideep Kaur
Chapter-3. Child and Human Development and Family Dynamics

Shanti Balda and Sarita Saini
Chapter-4. Family Resource Management and Consumer Science

Hemu Rathour
Chapter-5. Home Science Extension & Communication, Communication

Methods
Ritu Mittal and Preeti Sharma
Chapter-1
Food Science and Nutrition

Deepak Kumar Verma and Pramod Kumar Prabhakar
1. A diet is the sum of which of the following

a) Daily meals
b) Weekly meals
c) Daily and Weekly meals
d) None of the above
2. Which one of the following is/are the reasons for blanching apple slices before
freezing?
1) Remove the strong taste
2) Soften the fruit for easy packaging
3) Stop enzymatic reaction
4) Whiten the apple slices
a) 1 and 4 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 2 and 4 only
d) 1, 2 and 3 only
3. An inorganic nutrient is necessary to maintain health and optimum growth of human.

Which one of the following are examples of inorganic nutrients?
A. Fats
B. Minerals
C. Proteins
D. Vitamins
E. Water
a) B and A
b) B and C
c) B and D
d) B and E
4. Which of the following sugars is a part of riboflavin, DNA and RNA and can
synthesize it in body?
a) Xylose
b) Ribose
c) Arabinose
d) Dextrose
5. Which of the following are known as energy-yielding nutrients?

A. Carbohydrates
B. Fats
C. Minerals
D. Proteins
E. Vitamins
F. Water
a) A, B and D
b) A, B and E
c) B, C and F
d) C, D and E
6. Which one of the following is the most common vitamin deficiency in worldwide?
a) Ascorbic acid
b) Folic acid
c) Vitamin-A
d) Vitamin-D
7. Which one of the following is true statement about non-essential amino acids, except?
a) Components of tissue proteins
b) Have role in the metabolism
c) May synthesized in the body from essential amino acids
d) May be synthesized in the body from fatty acids
8. The study of populations which deals with the correlations between dietary habits and
disease incidence is known as:
a) Clinical trials
b) Laboratory studies
c) Case-control studies
d) Epidemiological studies
9. A normal healthy person has

a) 60-70 mgs of glucose/100 ml of blood
b) 60-100 mgs of glucose/100 ml of blood
c) 80-100 mgs of glucose/100 ml of blood
d) 50-80 mgs of glucose/100 ml of blood
10. Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) are the levels of intake of essential
nutrients that, on the basis of scientific knowledge, are judged by the Food
and Nutrition Board to be adequate to meet the known nutrient needs of practically all
healthy persons. Which of the following is represented by an RDA?
A. Average amount of a nutrient considered adequate to meet the known nutrient
needs of practically all healthy people
B. Average amount of a nutrient that will maintain a specific biochemical or
physiological function in half the people
C. Highest amount of a nutrient that appears safe for most healthy people
D. Lowest amount of a nutrient that will maintain a specified criterion of
adequacy
a) Only A
b) Only B
c) A and B
d) C and D
11. In which one of the following food item, the food inhibitors lactenin and anticoliform
factor are presented?
a) Orange juice
b) Milk
c) Egg white
d) Cranberries
12. The measures viz. historical information, physical examinations, laboratory tests, and
anthropometric are associated with which of the following?
A. Approaches used in disease prevention
B. Methods used in a nutrition assessment
C. Steps used in the scientific method
D. Techniques used in diet planning
a) Only B
b) A and B
c) B and C
d) B and D
13. In the cooking processes of food, the occurrence of the Maillard reaction is due to
which one of the following reasons?
a) Condensation reaction between amino acids and sugars
b) Decomposition of lipid
c) Enzymatic reaction
d) Gelatinisation of starch
14. Which one of the following reveals to the lack of sufficient iron in the blood and
commonly known as sickle cell disease?
a) Covert deficiency
b) Overt deficiency
c) Primary deficiency
d) Secondary deficiency
15. The statements true about omega-3 fatty acids, except?

a) They have significant contribution in the obesity epidemic
b) They help to maintain healthy triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein
c) They are necessary for healthy infant growth and development
d) Play role in the producing hormones to govern numerous metabolic processes
16. Which of the following is a deficiency caused by an inadequate dietary intake?

A. Covert deficiency
B. Overt deficiency
C. Primary deficiency
D. Secondary deficiency
a) Only C
b) Only D
c) A and C
d) B and D
17. The amino acids synthesize in body but their synthesis is not in sufficient amounts is
known as which one of the following?
a) Essential amino
b) Non-essential amino
c) Semi-essential amino
d) None of these
18. How much are major essential nutrients required for men?
a) 7
b) 5
c) 9
d) 8
19. Different behaviors of human related to the health issue like physical activity,
smoking, alcohol consumption and dietary habits which influence to the development
of disease are defined as:
A. Chronic causes
B. Disease descriptors
C. Preventive agents
D. Risk factors
a) Only A
b) Only C
c) Only D
d) A and B
20. Which one of the following is major source of energy in Indian diet?
a) Carbohydrates
b) Proteins
c) Fats
d) Vitamins
21. Scurvy is associated with all of the following, except?

a) Loss of appetite and irritability
b) Diarrhea and fever
c) Tenderness and swelling in legs
d) First symptom is altered mental status
22. All the essential nutrients in sufficient amounts are provided by diet-planning
principle to support health is known as:
a) Adequacy
b) Balance
c) Moderation
d) Variety
23. If essential amino acids are lack in the diet, amino acid gives rise to growth failure is
called as which one of the following?
a) Essential amino
d) None of these
24. The Dietary Guidelines which describe as ―balance the food you eat with physical
activity‖ is associated with population of ________________
a) Africa
b) America
c) Europe
d) India
25. Marasmus is the result of the starvation and occurs due to which of the following?
a) Only protein deficiency
b) Only calorie deficiency
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
26. To achieve optimal nutrition of vulnerable segments of population such as women of

reproductive age, children, adolescent girls and elderly by 2020 is consistent with the
Dietary Guidelines for which of the following Population?
a) African Population
b) American Population
c) European Population
d) Indian Population
27. Which one of the following protein are rich sources of cysteine amino acid?
a) Collagen
b) Gelatin
c) Haemoglobin
d) Keratin
28. Food preservation is done for which of the following objective?

a) Kill insects
b) Improve keeping quality
c) Decrease moisture
d) Improve taste
29. Good source of vitamin D include all, except?

a) Blueberries
b) Sunlight
c) Salmon, tuna sardines and mackerel
d) Fortified milk and other dairy products
30. Enriched grain products are fortified with which of the following nutrients?
a) Calcium, Iron, Sodium, Thiamin and Zinc
b) Fiber, Folate, Iron, Niacin and Zinc
c) Fiber, Folate, Magnesium, Vitamin B6 and Zinc
d) Folate, Iron, Niacin, Riboflavin, and Thiamin
31. BMR is directly related to the surface area and inversely proportional to the age.
Choose the correct statement about BMR out of the following?
a) BMR has no effect on age matched males and female
b) Males have equal BMR than same age of females
c) Males have higher BMR than same age of females
d) Males have lower BMR than same age of females
32. "Milk builds our bones very strong" is an example of which one among the following?
a) Health claim
b) Nutrient content claim
c) Nutrition fact
d) Structure-function claim
33. One of the fat-soluble vitamins involved in coagulation is:

a) Vitamin K
b) Vitamin A
c) Vitamin D
d) Vitamin E
34. The semi liquid, partially digested food that travels through the intestinal tract is
called:
a) Bile
b) Chyme
c) Lymph
d) Secretin
35. Thermo resistant bacteria are important in ____________ preservative process of

foods?
a) Canning
b) Chemicals
c) Freezing
d) Irradiation
36. The muscular contractions that move food through the GI tract are called:
a) Bowel movements
b) Hydrolysis
c) Peristalsis
d) Sphincters
37. Which one of the following are only two amino acids categorized as semi-essential
amino acids?
a) Asparagine and Methionine
b) Histidine and Arginine
c) Tryptophan and Histidine
d) Tyrosine and Arginine
38. The lack of protein predominant food causes which one of the following disease?
a) Osteomalacia
b) Marasmus
c) Kwashiorkor
d) Blue baby syndrome
39. Which one among the following is the main function of bile is to:
a) Catalyze hydrolysis
b) Emulsify fats
c) Neutralize stomach acidity
d) Slow protein digestion
40. Which one of the following natural food inhibitor is associated with cranberries and
other berries?
a) Benzalkonium chloride
b) Benzoic acid
c) Formic acid
d) Propionic acid
41. The pancreas neutralizes stomach acid in the small if tine by secreting:
a) Bicarbonate
b) Bile
c) Enzymes
d) Mucus
42. Which one of the following is set of amino acids require by infants.
a) Asparagine and Methionine
b) Histidine and Arginine
c) Tryptophan and Histidine
d) Tyrosine and Arginine
43. Which one of the following nutrients passes through the GI tract mostly undigested
and unabsorbed?
a) Carbohydrate
b) Fat
c) Fiber
d) Protein
44. Vitamins and minerals are present mostly in which one of the following foods?
a) Cereals
b) Vegetables
c) Pulses
d) Milk
45. Absorption occurs primarily in which one among the following part of body?
a) Mouth
b) Stomach
c) Small intestine
d) Large intestine
46. Which one of the following processes is associated with fermentation of Tobacco and
Tea leaves to give flavor and taste?
a) Lactic acid fermentation
b) Degradation
c) Curing
d) Alcohol fermentation
47. All blood leaving the GI tract travels first to which one among the following part of
body?
a) Heart
b) Liver
c) Kidneys
d) Pancreas
48. Non-digestible food ingredients that stimulate the growth and activity of certain
bacteria in the colon are called as:
a) Insoluble fiber
b) Probiotics
c) Prebiotics
d) Cellulose
49. By way of the lymphatic system, which one of the following nutrients leaves the GI
tract?
a) Water and Minerals
b) Proteins and Minerals
c) All Vitamins and Minerals
d) Fats and Fat-Soluble Vitamins
50. Which of the following is natural toxin present in potatoes?

a) Lathyrus
b) Solanine
c) Trypsin inhibitor
51. Digestion and absorption are coordinated by which one of the following?
A. Pancreas and Kidneys
B. Liver and Gallbladder
C. Hormonal system
D. Nervous system
E. Vascular system
F. Lymphatic system
a) Only A
b) Only B
c) C and D
d) E and F
52. Which one of the following classes of amino acid is associated with lysine, arginine
and histidine?
a) Acids with non-polar side chain
b) Amino acids with polar but uncharged
c) Amino acids with negatively charged
d) Amino acids with positively charged
53. Gastrin, secretin, and cholecystokinin are example which one of the following?
a) Crypts
b) Enzymes
c) Goblet cells
d) Hormones
54. Gastrin is released by which one of the following cells in the pyloric antrum of the
stomach, duodenum and the pancreas?
a) G-cells
b) I-cells
c) S-cells
d) None of these
55. Secretin is produced in which one of the following cells of the duodenum, which are
located in the crypts of Lieberkühn?
a) G-cells
b) I-cells
c) S-cells
d) None of these
56. Which one of the following is causes of the deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B1) in the
diet?
a) Osteopenia
b) Beri-beri
c) Protein malnutrition
d) Scurvy
57. Which one of the following is the storage form of glucose in our body?
a) Insulin
b) Maltose
c) Glycogen
d) Glucagon
58. What is the significance difference between starch and cellulose?

a) Animals can store glucose as starch but not as cellulose
b) Digestive enzymes can break the bonds in starch but not in cellulose
c) Hormone can make glucose from cellulose but not from starch
d) Starch is polysaccharides but cellulose is not
59. Pepsin acts on denatured proteins for producing which one of the following?
a) Dipeptides
b) Peptides
c) Polypeptides
d) Proteoses and Peptones
60. Which one of the following statements is true about saturated fatty acids?
a) Are always18 carbons long
b) Have at least one double bond
c) Are fully loaded with hydrogens
d) Are always liquid at room temperature
61. Symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia may include all of the following, except?
a) Extreme, intermittent facial pain in the jaw or cheek
b) Tingling or numbness on one side of the face
c) Pain triggered by contact with the face or facial movements
d) Inability to swallow
62. Which of the following is example of Disaccharides?

a) Starch, Glycogen and Fiber
b) Amylose, Pectin and Dextrose.
c) Sucrose, Maltose and Lactose
d) Glucose, Galactose and Fructose
63. Carbohydrates provide us energy; it should be in term of percentage of total calories

between the ranges of __________ ?
a) 15 to 20 %
b) 20 to 35 %
c) 50 to 60 %
d) 5 to 10 %
64. Carbohydrates are found in virtually all foods except?

a) Milks
b) Meats
c) Breads
d) Fruits
65. Fruits and vegetables are spoiled due to presence of ____________.

a) Toxin
b) Oxygen
c) Moisture
d) Enzyme
66. Which one of the following are proteins that facilitate chemical reactions?
a) Antigens
b) Buffers
c) Enzymes
d) Hormones
67. All of the following are true about Tourette syndrome, except?
a) Drug treatment completely eliminates symptoms
b) It is involuntary and may be a chronic condition
c) Symptoms are generally most severe during adolescence
d) Symptoms are generally detected in children
68. The released energy during metabolism is captured and transferred by which one of
the following?
a) AcetylCoA
b) Adenosine trip hosphate
c) Enzymes
d) Pyruvate
69. The food sources (namely cereal grains and millets, groundnuts) are deficient in which
one of the following amino acid?
a) Lysine
b) Methionine
c) Threonine
d) Tryptophan
70. Which one of the following is known as the largest component of energy expenditure?
a) Basal metabolism
b) Indirect calorimetry
c) Physical activity
d) Thermic effect of food
71. Which one of the following is major protein of wheat?

a) Albumin
b) Globulin
c) Glutelin
d) Prolamines
72. What would be the effect on fat cells with weight loss?
a) Decrease in both number and size
b) Decrease in number only
c) Decrease in number, but increase in size
d) Decrease in size only
73. Which one of the following is an advice of the USDA Dietary Guidelines for
Americans?
a) Limiting carbohydrates to 10 percent of daily calories
b) Limiting total fat intake to 20 to 35 percent of calories
c) Limiting protein to 10 percent of daily calories
d) Limiting intake of fats and oils to 10 percent of daily calories
74. The food sources (namely cereal grains and millets (like wheat, rice, oats) almonds,
walnuts, groundnuts, corn, sunflower seeds) are deficient in which one of the
following amino acid?
a) Lysine
b) Methionine
c) Threonine
d) Tryptophan
75. Which one of the following is measured by a bomb calorimeter?

a) Energy available from foods
b) Heat a person releases in basal metabolism
c) Kcalories a person derives from foods
d) Physiological fuel
76. In wheat, vitamin B complexes are located in which one of the following part?
a) Endosperm
b) Epicarp
c) Germ
d) Bran
77. Which one of the following increases to the risks of disease?

a) BMI 19-21
b) BMI 22-25
c) Central obesity
d) Lower-body fat
78. All of the following statements about vitamin B3 (niacin) are true, except?
a) It helps to release energy in carbohydrates, fat, and protein
b) It improves blood lipid levels
c) It deficiency causes beriberi
d) It is involved in sex hormones synthesis
79. Which one of the following is true about vitamins?

a) Are inorganic compounds
b) Are soluble in either water or fat
c) Perform best when linked in long chains
d) Yield energy when broken down
80. The food sources (namely legumes (peas and beans), corn, almonds, and walnuts) are
deficient in which one of the following amino acid?
a) Lysine
b) Methionine
c) Threonine
d) Tryptophan
81. Many of the vitamins B serve as which one of the following?

a) Antagonists
b) Antioxidants
c) Coenzymes
d) Serotonin precursors
82. By-product of acetone-butanol fermentation is associated with which one of the

following?
a) Riboflavin
b) Penicillin
c) Isopropanol
d) None of these
83. Vitamin C serves as a(n) which one of the following?

a) Antagonist
b) Antioxidant
c) Coenzyrne
d) Intrinsic factor
84. Children suffering from protein-energy malnutrition need which of the following?
a) Low calorie high protein
b) Low protein high calorie
c) High calorie and high protein
85. To keep minerals available in the blood, vitamin D targets which one of the
following?
a) The intestines, the kidneys, and the bones
b) The intestines, the pancreas, and the liver
c) The kidneys, the liver, and the bones
d) The skin, the muscles, and the bones
86. Approximately how much sodium per day is consumed by the average American?
a) 2,300 mg
b) 230 mg
c) 340 mg
d) 3,400 mg
87. Which one of the following is the classic sign of vitamin E deficiency?
a) Erythrocyte hemolysis
b) Muscular dystrophy
c) Rickets
d) Xeropthalmia
88. The food sources (namely soybean, legumes (peas and beans), groundnuts, green leafy
vegetables) are deficient in which one of the following amino acid?
a) Lysine
b) Methionine
c) Threonine
d) Tryptophan
89. Between the major and trace minerals, the distinction reflects to which one of the
following?
a) Ability of their ions to form salts
b) Amounts of their contents in the body
c) Capacity to retain their identity after absorption
d) Importance of their functions in the body
90. All of the following are potentially modifiable risk factors for osteoporosis, except?
a) Anorexia nervosa
b) Chronically low intake of Ca and vitamin D
c) Chronically low intake of vit.-C and vit.-B6
d) Excessive alcohol consumption
91. Which one of the following is the mineral enhances insulin activity?
a) Chromium
b) Iodine
c) Manganese
d) Zinc
92. Which one of the following is simple protein found in the nucleoproteins of the
sperm?
a) Globulin
b) Glutelin
c) Prolamine
d) Protamine
93. A woman may need iron supplements with which one of the following goals during
lactation?
a) To enhance the iron in her breast milk
b) To provide iron for the infant's growth
c) To replace the iron in her body's stores
d) To support the increase in her blood volume
94. The genera of bacteria, ________________ produces alkaline condition and form
ropiness in milk?
a) Arthrobacter
b) Alteromonas
c) Alkaligenes
d) Aeromonas
95. The energy and nutrient needs which one of the following during adolescence?
a) Fall dramatically
b) Fluctuate so much that generalizations can't be made
c) Reach a peak
d) Rise, but do not peak until adulthood
96. Characteristics of successful dieters include all of the following, except?

a) Maintaining a daily food journal
b) Counting calories
c) Adhering to a strict eating plan
d) Eliminating all carbohydrates from their diets
97. Which one of the following term is used for the psychological desire to eat that
accompanies the sight, smell, or thought of food?
a) Appetite
b) Hunger
c) Palatability
d) Satiety
98. Milk is produced by the mammary glands of mammals and known as primary source
of nutrition for newly born before they are able to digest other types of food. Which
one of the following is not true about milk as a diet?
a) Caseinogens & Lactalbumin are chief proteins
b) Lactose is the major carbohydrate
c) Low in Fe content but rich in Ca, Na & K
d) Vit.-A & Riboflavin poorly but rich in vit.-C & vit.-D
99. Which one of the following is the mineral best known for its role as an antioxidant?
a) Copper
b) Manganese
c) Molybdenum
d) Selenium
100. Iron (Fe) supplements are frequently recommended for all of the following,
except?
a) Women who are pregnant
b) Infants and toddlers
c) Teenage girls
d) Post-menopausal women
101. The most prevalent nutrient deficiency is of _______________ among U.S.

and Canadian children.
a) Folate
b) Iron
c) Protein
d) Vitamin D
102. In a collagen molecule, how many numbers of helices are present?

a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
103. Which one of the following nutrients seems to protect against cataract
development?
a) Amino acids
b) Antioxidants
c) Lecithins
d) Minerals
104. The mid arm circumference of the value 12.5cm indicates that the child is:
a) Normal
b) Moderate malnutrition
c) Severe malnutrition
d) Obese
105. Foods permitted on the clear liquid diet include all of the following except:
a) Consomme
b) Flavored gelatin
c) Fruit ices
d) Milk
106. Which of the following is known as higher glycemic index food component?
a) Cellulose
b) Glucose
c) Fructose
d) Maltose
107. Which one of the following is true for fat-soluble vitamins?

a) Are easily excreted
b) Are not stored in the body's tissues
c) Require bile for absorption
d) Seldom reach toxic levels
108. Antinutritional factors in legumes are inactivated during which one of the
following processes?
a) Soaking
b) Cooking
c) Fermenting
d) Sprouting
109. For complete oxidation, acetyl CoA enters in which one of the following
pathway/cycle?
a) Cori cycle
b) Electron transport chain
c) Glycolysis
d) TCA cycle
110. An essential amino acid is _____________

a) Alanine
b) Cysteine
c) Histidine
d) Proline
111. Which of the following is included as essential fatty acids?

a) Stearic acid and oleic acid
b) Oleic acid and linoleic acid
c) Palmitic acid and linolenic acid
d) Linoleic acid and linolenic acid
112. In vit.-B12, which one of the following is present as a central element?

a) Magnesium
b) Calcuim
c) Cobalt
d) Sodium
113. The human life span is about:

a) 100 years
b) 115 years
c) 130 years
d) 85 years
114. Life expectancy in the United States of America is about:

a) 66.21 years
b) 75.20 years
c) 78.74 years
d) 81.50 years
115. Life expectancy in the United Kingdom is about:

a) 66.21 years
b) 75.20 years
c) 78.74 years
d) 81.50 years
116. Life expectancy in the China is about:

a) 66.21 years
b) 75.20 years
c) 78.74 years
d) 81.50 years
117. Life expectancy in the India is about:

a) 66.21 years
b) 75.20 years
c) 78.74 years
d) 81.50 years
118. Choose the steps involved in cheese preparation in the correct sequence from
the following?
1. Addition of enzyme
2. Curd cutting and cooking
3. Acidification of milk
4. Curd draining and cheddaring
5. Pasteurization of milk
6. Salting and pressing
7. Ripening
a) 1, 2, 4, 7, 3, 5, 6
b) 5, 3, 1, 2, 4, 6, 7
c) 3, 2, 1, 6, 5, 7, 4
d) 1, 4, 2, 5, 6, 7, 3
119. A 72-year-old person whose physical health is similar to that of people 10

years younger has a(n) of which one of the following?
a) absolute age of minus 10 years
b) chronological age of 62 years
c) physiological age of 62 years
d) physiological age of 72 years
120. Which one of the following is correct ratio of Water: Protein: Fat: Minerals i.e.
show to the Human body (Man) composition in terms of the percentage?
a) 62:17:14:6:1
b) 54:15:25:5:1
c) 70: 10: 15:4:1
d) None of these
121. Pregnant women should take all the following supplements, except?
a) Vitamin A
b) Folate
c) Iron
d) Vitamin C
122. _____________ is most suitable method of for preservation of food from

thermo-resistant bacteria which produce spores.
a) Irradiation
b) Freezing
c) Chemicals
d) Canning
123. Cretinism is caused by a deficiency of which one of the following minerals?

a) Iron (Fe)
b) Zinc (Zn)
c) Iodine (I)
d) Selenium (Se)
124. Which one of the following is an example of simplest amino acid?

a) Alanine
b) Glycine
c) Serine
d) None of these
125. Malnutrition is an impairment of health from

a) Deficiency of nutrient
b) Excess of nutrient
c) Imbalance of nutrient
d) All of the above
126. Calcium absorption is hindered by which one of the following?

a) Lactose
b) Oxalates
c) Stomach acid
d) Vitamin D
127. An example of polar amino acid is

a) Alanine
b) Arginine
c) Leucine
d) Valine
128. One gram of Carbohydrates, Proteins and Fats produces

a) 4, 4, 9 kcal respectively
b) 4, 6, 9 kcal respectively
c) 3, 4.5, 9.5 kcal respectively
d) None of these
129. The most notable role of vitamin E is to which one of the following?
a) Activate blood-clotting proteins
b) Enhance calcium deposits in the bone
c) Protect Iipids against oxidation
d) Support protein and DNA synthesis
130. Marasmus is a form of malnutrition characterized by energy deficiency in child

with marasmus looks emaciated. Which one of the following clinical manifestation is
observed in a child suffering from marasmus?
a) Subnormal temperature
b) Visible peristalsis from thin abdominal wall
c) Watery diarrhea with acid stools
d) All of the above
131. Iodine is needed for the production of which of the following?

a) Adreneline
b) Bile
c) Insulin
d) Thyroxine
132. The requirement for vitamin C is highest for which one of the following
group?
a) Alcoholics
b) Athletes
c) Smokers
d) The elderly
133. Which one of the following is the monomer of carbohydrate?

a) Saccharide
b) Peptide
c) Glucose
d) Fructose
134. Successful weight loss depends on which one of the following?

a) Avoiding fats and limiting water
b) Increasing proteins and restricting carbohydrates
c) Reducing energy intake and increasing physical activity
d) Taking supplements and drinking water
135. For their action enzymes and micro-organisms need which one of the
following?
a) Carbon Dioxide
b) High temperature
c) Low Temperature
d) Optimum Temperature
136. The body can make niacin from which one of the following?
a) Carnitine
b) Serotonin
c) Tryptophan
d) Tyrosine
137. Fibroin is the principal protein of silk worm fibers, primary structure of
fibroin, consists almost entirely by which one of the following?
a) Aspartate
b) Glycine
c) Keratin
d) Tryptophan
138. Obesity is caused by which one of the following?

a) Defective genes
b) Inactivity
c) Multiple factors
d) Overeating
139. Fruits, vegetables and cereals are not the potent sources of which one of the
following, accept:
a) Antioxidants
b) Unsaturated fat
c) Saturated fat
d) Free radicals
140. The amino acids enter into the pathway of glucose metabolism and participate
in amino acids conversion into glucose is known as which one of the following?
a) Glucogenic amino acids
b) Ketogenic amino acids
c) Proteogenic amino acids
d) None of these
141. Before entering the TCA cycle, each of the energy yielding nutrients is broken
down to which one of the following?
a) Acetyl CoA
b) Ammonia
c) Electrons
d) Pyruvate
142. The leading source of antioxidants in the U.S. diet is:

a) Citrus fruits
b) Spinach
c) Coffee
d) Egg yolks
143. Which one of the following foods has the least protein per 1/z cup?
a) Broccoli
b) Orange juice
c) Pinto beans
d) Rice
144. Pyruvic acid is known as the end product of glycolysis and through
gluconeogenesis process it is converted to glucose. For this pathway, which one of the
following class of amino acids is important?
d) None of these
145. What percentage of the daily energy intake should come from carbohydrates?
a) 15 to 20
b) 25 to 30
c) 45 to 50
d) 45 to 65
146. Milk is a complete food but is deficient in which one of the following
minerals?
a) Calcium
b) Iron
c) Protein
d) Vitamins
147. Which of the following is true Fats, except?

a) Carry vitamins A, D, E, and K.
b) Contain glucose.
c) Protect against organ shock.
d) Provide energy.
148. Starch is comprised of amylose and amylopectin in _____________________,

respectively.
a) 10-20% and 80-90%
b) 20-30% and 70-80%
c) 40% and 60%
d) None of these
149. A triglyceride consists of which of the following?

a) Three glycerols attached to a lipid
b) Three fatty acids attached to a glucose
c) Three fatty acids attached to a glycerol
d) Three phospholipids attached to a cholesterol
150. Amino acids enter into the metabolic pathway of fats and degradation is known
as which one of the following type of amino acids?
d) None of these
151. Which of the following is an aldo and keto sugars, respectively?

a) Fructose and Glucose
b) Glucose and Fructose
c) Lactose and Glucose
d) Boise and Triose
152. To yield which one of the following is the ultimate goal of carbohydrates
digestion and absorption?
a) Amylose
b) Enzymes
c) Fibers
d) Glucose
153. Due to which one of the following criteria Acetic acid bacteria (AAB) are
important in food microbiology?
A. Ability to oxidize ethanol
B. Strong oxidizing power
C. To form excess sliminess
a) Only A
b) Only C
c) A and B
d) A, B and C
154. Which of the following differentiate between cis- and trans-fatty acids?
a) The configuration around the double bond
b) The length of their carbon chains
c) The location of the first double bond
d) The number of double bonds
155. The foods which get spoiled very quickly are called as:
a) Semi-perishable foods
b) Perishable foods
c) Non- Perishable foods
d) Preserved foods
156. Hydrolysis is an example of a(n) which one of the following?:

a) Anabolic reaction
b) Catabolic reaction
c) Coupled reaction
d) Synthesis reaction
157. Which one of the following is related with leucime amino acids?
a) Glucogenic
b) Ketogenic
c) Proteogenic
d) None of these
158. By which one of the following our body produces ketone bodies during a fast?
a) Condensing acetyl CoA
b) Converting ammonia to urea
c) Hydrolyzing glycogen
d) Transaminating keto acids
159. Which of the following is/are an example of glucogenic amino acids?

a) Alanine
b) Aspartic acid
c) Glutamic acid
d) All of the above
160. Most of the body's magnesium can be found in the which one of the following
parts?
a) bones
b) extracellular fluids
c) muscles
d) nerves
161. Alanine, Valine, Glycine, Isoleucine, Methionine, Proline, Leucine,

Tryptophan and Phenylalanine are an example of
a) Amino acids with non-polar side chain

162. Which one of the following characteristic is commonly associated with

atrophic gastritis, except?
a) Bacterial over growth
b) Inflamed stomach
c) Lack of intrinsic factor
d) Vitamin BI2 toxicity
163. A chemical score is a measure of evaluating the nutritional value of protein

and their quality. Which one of the following protein rich foods is known for the
highest chemical score?
a) Egg
b) Milk
c) Pulses
d) Wheat
164. Which one of the following vitamin is that protects against neural tube defect?
a) Folate
b) Niacin
c) Riboflavin
d) Vitamin Bl2
165. Food consumption at natural level can be assessed by:

a) 24 hour recall method
b) Diet history
c) Food balance sheet
d) Weighed food record
166. The BMR is influenced by which one of the following major factor?
a) Body composition
b) Food intake
c) Hunger
d) Physical activity
167. Which of the following enzyme present in the saliva?

a) Ptyalin
b) Lipase
c) Trypsin
d) None of these
168. Disaccharide breaks into glucose and galactose is broken by which one of the
following enzyme?
a) Amylase
b) Lactase
c) Maltase
d) Sucrase
169. In RBC, reduced glutathione functions are which one of the following?
a) Produce NADH
b) Produce NADPH
c) Reduce methemoglobin to hemoglobin
d) Reduce oxidizing agents such as H2O2
170. Which one of the following is the protein RDA for a healthy adult who weighs
180 pounds?
a) 180 grams/day
b) 2000 milligrams/day
c) 50 milligrams/day
d) 65 grams/day
171. Which of the following food component starts its digestion from mouth cavity?
a) Protein
b) Carbohydrate
c) Fat
d) Both a) and b)
172. The rate at and the extent to which a vitamin is absorbed and used in the body
is termed as which one of the following?
a) Bioavaiiability
b) Intrinsic factor
c) Pharmacological effect
d) Physiological effect
173. Coloured fruit products can be preserved by application of which of the

following preservatives?
a) Citric acid
b) Acetic acid
c) Potassium metabisulphite
d) Sodium benzoate
174. Which one of the following antinutritional factor is present in egg white?
a) Biotin
b) Albumin
c) Lysine
d) Avidin
175. Calcium homeostasis depends on which one of the following?

a) Vitamin D, aldosterone, and calcitonin
b) Vitamin D, calcitonin, and parathyroid hormone
c) Vitamin K, aldosterone, and renin
d) Vitamin K, parathyroid hormone, and renin
176. Glutamine, Threonine, Tyrosine, Cysteine, Asparagine and Serine are an

example of

177. The combination of high blood pressure, protein in the urine, and edema
signals:
a) Gestational diabetes
b) Gestational hypertension
c) Jaundice
d) Preeclampsia
178. Moon face is a symptom of which of the following?

a) Anaemia
b) Fluorosis
c) Goitre
d) PEM
179. Which one of the following nutrients is the most likely to fall short in the
adolescent diet?
a) Folate and zinc
b) Iron and calcium
c) Protein and vitamin A
d) Sodium and fat
180. Aerobic phase of metabolism yields how much amounts of ATPs?

a) 36 ATPs
b) 28 ATPs
c) 39 ATPs
d) 38 ATPs
181. ______________ is an example of traditional microbial fermentation product?

A. Citric acid
B. Penicillin
C. Tetracyclin
D. Vinegar
a) Only D
b) A and D
c) B and C
d) None of these
182. The nutrition care process is a systematic approach for which one of the
following?
a) Conducting nutrition screening
b) Identifying the nutrient content of foods
c) Meeting the nutrition needs of patients
d) Ordering special diets
183. Glycemic Index (GI) is a measurement carried out after eating a particular type
of foods (i.e. carbohydrate-containing) which how quickly blood glucose levels (i.e.,
blood sugar) risen in the body. The highest GI is found in which of the following
foods?
a) Bread
b) Cucumber
c) Dextrose
d) Ice cream
184. Transport vehicles for lipids are called as which of the following?
a) Blood vessels
b) Lipoproteins
c) Micelles
d) Monoglycerides
185. Sesame seed is rich in which one of the following minerals?

a) Calcium
b) Iron
c) Phosphorus
d) Sodium
186. If an essential amino acid that is needed to make a protein is unavailable, the
cells must?
a) Break down proteins to obtain it
b) Deaminate another amino acid
c) Substitute a similar amino acid
d) Synthesize the amino acid from glucose and nitrogen
187. In one or more of the characteristic viz. chemical, biological, or physical

properties of the protein or of the nucleic acid denaturation leads to changes.
Denaturation may involve in which one of the following?
a) Breakdown of peptide bonds
b) Destruction of hydrogen bonds
c) Disruption of primary structure
d) Irreversible changes in the molecule
188. Which one of the following is true about Lecithin, except?

a) An emulsifier
b) A phospholipid
c) An essential nutrient
d) A constituent of cell membranes
189. Lever is the only organ in our body which gives to the following the function?
a) Supply glucose to the blood circulation
b) Remove the excess sugar from the blood
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
190. Which one of the following strategy would help an overweight person to lose
weight, except?
a) Eat energy-dense foods regularly
b) Eat slowly
c) Exercise
d) Limit high-fat foods
191. Which of the following is correct decreasing order of Glycemic Index (GI) in
fruits?
a) Apples > Kiwi fruit > Watermelon > Grapefruit > Banana
b) Banana > Grapefruit > Apples > Watermelon > Kiwi fruit
c) Grapefruit > Apples > Kiwi fruit > Banana > Watermelon
d) Watermelon > Banana > Kiwi fruit > Apples > Grapefruit
Note: Glycemic Index (GI) in decreasing order Watermelon (72) > Banana (55) >
Kiwi fruit (52) > Apples (38) > Grapefruit (25)
192. Which one of the following is the principal cation in extracellular fluids?
a) Chloride
b) Phosphorus
c) Potassium
d) Sodium
193. The quality of protein is evaluated in terms of

a) Biological value of protein
b) Protein efficiency ratio
c) Growth method
d) All of the above
194. To help prevent neural tube defects, grain products are now fortified with
Which one of the following nutrients?
a) Folate
b) Iron
c) Protein
d) Vitamin C
195. Argemone seeds are mixed with which of the following plant seeds?
a) Fenugreek
b) Mustard Seed
c) Cardamom
d) Poppy Seed
196. Which one of the following might be the best dietary advice for a person with
osteoarthritis?
a) Avoid milk products
b) Lose weight, if overweight
c) Take fish oil supplements
d) Take vitamin E supplements
197. Maximum amount of essential fatty acids is present in which one of the
following?
a) Cottonseed
b) Groundnut
c) Safflower
d) Sesame
198. Vitamin D can be synthesized from a precursor that the body makes from
which one of the following sources?
a) beta-carotene
b) bilirubin
c) cholesterol
d) tocopherol
199. Which one of the following lipoprotein has fastest electrophoretic mobility and
the lowest triglyceride content?
a) HDL (High-density lipoprotein)
b) LDL (Low-density lipoprotein)
c) VHDL (Very high density lipoproteins)
d) VLDL (Very low density lipoproteins)
200. Physical activity does help a person to which one of the following, except?
a) Retain muscle
b) Loss weight
c) Maintain weight loss
d) Loss fat in trouble spots
201. With activation of LCAT, which one of the following lipoprotein is

associated?
202. Fluorosis occurs when fluoride _____________________________

a) binds with phosphorus
b) interacts with calcium
c) is excessive
d) is inadequate
203. Which one of the following lipoproteins involves in lipid transport?

c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
204. Which one of the following is the form of vitamin A active in vision?
a) Retinal
b) Retinoic acid
c) Retinol
d) Rhodopsin
205. Which one of the following lipoproteins involves in triglyceride transport?

206. Good sources of vitamin A include which one of the following?

a) Apricots, turnip greens, and liver
b) Corn, grapefruit juice, and sunflower seeds
c) Oatmeal, pinto beans, and ham
d) Whole-wheat bread, green peas, and tuna
207. Which one of the following lipoproteins involves in phospholipid transport?

208. Which one of the following is associated with pathway from pyruvate to acetyl
CoA?
a) Is known as gluconeogenesis
b) Is metabolically irreversible
c) Produces lactate
d) Requires more energy than it produces
209. Protein efficiency ratio (PER) is the ratio between:

a) Gain in body weight (g) and protein intake (g)
b) Protein intake (g) and gain in body weight (g)
c) Biologically available protein (g) and body weight (g)
d) None of these
210. A nutritionally sound weight-loss diet might restrict daily energy intake to
create which one of the following?
a) 1000-kcalorie-per-month deficit
b) 3500-kcalorie-per-day deficit
c) 500-kcalorie-per-day deficit
d) 500-kcalorie-per-month deficit
211. An amino acid have two amino groups and one carboxyl group, the second
amino group being part of the side chain is known as;
212. Which of the following is a B vitamin?

a) Carnitine
b) Inositol
c) Pantothenic acid
d) Vitamin B15
213. Amino acids have mono-amino-di-carboxylic acids group and contain an extra
carboxyl (—COOH) group in their side chains is known as;
214. Which of these strategies is not a healthy option for an overweight woman?
a) Follow a weight-loss diet during pregnancy
b) Limit weight gain during pregnancy
c) Postpone weight loss until after pregnancy
d) Try to achieve a healthy weight before becoming pregnant
215. The function of protein is/are which of the following?

a) Building block
b) Regulatory functions
c) Formation of enzymes
d) Formation of hormones
a) Only A
b) B and C
c) B, C and D
d) All of the above
216. Chylomicrons are produced in which of the following?

a) Gallbladder
b) Liver
c) Pancreas
d) Small intestine
217. Which one among the following form of the carbohydrate intake should
preferably be recommended in the diet of a diabetic patient?
a) Monosaccharides
b) Dissaccharides
c) Polysaccharides
d) All of the above
218. The protein produced by the fat cells under the direction of the ob gene is
called as:
a) Leptin
b) Phentermine
c) Serotonin
d) Sibutramine
219. The Glycemic Index (GI) of Pears and Cherries are ____ and ____,
respectively.
a) 22 and 22
b) 22 and 38
c) 38 and 22
d) 38 and 38
220. Phosphorus assists in many activities in the body, except which one of the
following?
a) Bone and teeth formation
b) Energy metabolism
c) The clotting of blood
d) The transport of lipids
221. In the body, which of the proteins especially help in the regulating osmotic
pressure and water balance?
a) Albumin
b) Globulin
c) Hemoglobin
d) Both a) and b)
222. Which one of the following is/are the most important factor(s) that affect(s)
how nutrition education is presented?
a) The entries in the medical record
b) The person's abilities and motivation
c) The person's medical history
d) The person's nutrient needs and nutrition status
223. Which one of the following is medium used for cooking in stewing?
a) Air
b) Fat
c) Steam
d) Water
224. In which one of the following from our body stores energy for future use
a) Acetyl CoA
b) Ketone bodies
c) Proteins
d) Triglycerides
225. The water in milk is detected by which one of the following way?
a) Measuring the solid content
b) Measuring the specific gravity
c) Measuring the water content
d) None of these
226. During a fast, when glycogen stores have been depleted, the body begins to
synthesize glucose from which one of the following?
a) Acetyl CoA
b) Amino acids
c) Fatty acids
d) Ketone bodies
227. Amino acids (namely glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, proline,
phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, methionine, serine, threonine, cysteine,
asparagine and glutamine) are an example of which one of the following amino acid?
a) Monoamino-monocarboxilic amino acids
b) Monoamino-dicarboxilic amino acids
c) Diamino-monocarboxilic amino acids
d) None of these
228. With a high risk of heart disease, which of the following lipoprotein is most
associated?
a) CHD
b) HDL
c) LDL
d) LPL
229. Fish is preserved by which one of the following chemicals?

a) Acetic acid
b) Nitrites
c) Sulphites
d) Sodium Benzoate
230. A man experiences loss of their appetite, difficulty swallowing, and mouth
pain as a consequence of illness. This would be an indication of the man at risk of
malnutrition due to which one of the following reasons?
a) Altered digestion and absorption
b) Altered excretion of nutrients
c) Altered metabolism
d) Reduced food intake
231. The % protein absorbed by stomach, intestine, and colon is

______________________ respectively.
a) 10, 50, 29
b) 5, 55, 29
c) 60, 11, 28
d) 11, 60, 28
232. Energy needs during pregnancy increase at the rate of Which one of the
following?
a) 100 kcalories/day
b) 300 kcalories/day
c) 500 kcalories/day
d) 700 kcalories/day
233. Ovovitellin of egg yolk, casein of milk are an example of which one of the
following proteins?
a) Glycoprotein
b) Nucleoprotein
c) Phosphoprotein
d) None of these
234. Which one of the following is not possible without vitamin K?

a) Blood fails to clot
b) Bones become soft
c) Muscles atrophy
d) Skin rashes develop
235. Dietary fiber perform as which one of the following, except?

a) Antioxidant action
b) Cholesterol absorption reduces

c) Glycemic Index increases
d) Peristalsis promotes
236. Which one of the following is produced by the deamination of an amino acid?
a) vitamin B6 and energy
b) pyruvate and acetyl CoA
c) ammonia and a keto acid
d) carbon dioxide and water
237. Direct heating of meat resulting in which of the following?

a) Increase the protein utilization
b) Doesn‘t affects the protein utilization
c) Decrease the protein utilization
d) None of these
238. What does the pancreas secrete when blood glucose rises? When blood glucose
falls?
a) Glucagon; Insulin
b) Glycogen; Epinephrine
c) Insulin; Glucagon
d) Insulin; Glycogen
239. Glutamic and aspartic acid are an example of which one of the following type
of amino acid?
d) None of these
240. A lack of intrinsic factor may lead to which one of the following?
a) Atrophic gastritis
b) Beriberi
c) Pellagra
d) Pernicious anemia
241. Products that contain live microorganisms in sufficient numbers to alter

intestinal micro-flora and promote intestinal microbial balance are known as:
a) Antibiotics
b) Probiotics
c) Fruits and vegetables
d) Digestive enzymes
242. To facilitate lactation, a mother needs which one of the following?

a) Adequate nutrition with proper rest
b) All vitamin and mineral supplements
c) Before each feeding, a glass of wine or beer
d) Energy @ of about 5000 k calories a day
243. World food day is celebrated on which one of the following dated?
a) April 7
b) September 3
c) October 16
d) November 25
244. On average, adult energy needs:

a) Decline 5 % per decade
b) Decline 5 % per year
c) Remain stable throughout life
d) Rise gradually throughout life
245. Arginine, Histidine and Lysine are an example of

d) None of these
246. Which one of the following is true regarding the glycollysis?

a) Converts glucose to pyruvate
b) Generates abundant energy
c) Produces ammonia as a by-product
d) Requires oxygen
247. In body, fats are stored as adipose tissue in which of the following form?
a) Active fat
b) Neutral fat
c) Neither active nor neutral
d) None of these
248. The making of a disaccharide from two monosaccharaides is an example of:

Which of the following?
a) Digestion
b) Hydrolysis
c) Condensation
d) Gluconeogenesis
249. Which one of the following type of microbes that can survive to heat treatment
like pasteurization?
a) Thermosensitive
b) Thermoresistant
c) Thermoduric
d) Psychrotroph
250. Which one of the following may by parents to help teenagers consume a
balanced diet?
a) Forbid snacking and insist on regular, well balanced meals
b) Give up-parents can't influence teenagers
c) Keep the pantry and refrigerator well stocked
d) Monitor the teens' food intake
251. Consumption of iodised salt is recommended for which one of the following
prevention?
a) Endemic goitre
b) Hypertension
c) Hyperthyroidism
d) None of these
252. Which one of the following strategy would help an underweight person to gain
weight, except?
a) Drink plenty of water
b) Eat large portions of foods
c) Eat snacks between meals
d) Exercise
253. Specific dynamic action (SDA) refers to the increased metabolic rate an animal
experiences following ingestion of a meal. Highest SDA is found in which one of the
following food items?
a) Corn oil
b) Egg
c) Mango
d) Potato
254. Protein turnover describes the amount of protein:

a) Absorbed from the diet
b) Found in foods and the body
c) Synthesized and degraded
d) Used to make glucose
255. Lecithin and cephalins are example of which one of the following?
a) Phospholipids
b) Triglycerides
c) Glycolipids
d) Derived lipids
256. With insufficient glucose in metabolism, fat fragments combine to form which
of the following?
a) Dextrins
b) Mucilages
c) Phytic acids
d) Ketone bodies
257. Carbonic anhydrase is an example of ___________ class of the following

protein.
a) Chromoprotein
b) Lipoprotein
c) Metalloprotein
d) Phosphoprotein
258. Deficiency symptoms of vitamin A include which one of the following?

a) Fibrocystic breast disease and erythrocyte hemolysis
b) Hemorrhaging and jaundice

c) Night blindness and keratomalacia
d) Rickets and osteomalacia
259. Amylase enzyme acts upon which one of the following substrate?
a) Fat
b) Protein
c) Starch
d) Vitamins
260. Which one of the following is about the reasonable weight gain during
pregnancy for a normal weight woman?
a) 10 pounds
b) 20 pounds
c) 30 pounds
d) 40 pounds
261. Cholesterols are the precursor of

a) Steroid hormones
b) Bile salts
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
262. An infant should begin eating solid foods between which one of the following
period?
a) 1 and 3 months
b) 2 and 4 weeks
c) 4 and 6 months
d) 8 and 10 months
263. Crystallization of sugar is prevented by which one of the following

chemicals?:
a) Boiling
b) Brine solution
c) Citric acid
d) Cooling
264. With respect to thiamin, which of the following is the most nutrient dense?
a) 1 chicken breast (141 kcalories and 0.06 milligram thiamin)
b) 1 cup snow peas (69 kcalories and 0.22 milligram thiamin)
c) 1 cup yogurt (144 kcalories and 0.1 milligram thiamin)
d) 1 slice whole-wheat bread (69 kcalories and 0.1 milligram thiamin)
265. Which part of its chemical structure differentiates one inoacid from another?
a) Its acid group
b) Its amino group
c) Its double bonds
d) Its side group
266. The amino acids are best categorized as ______________, if have non-polar
side chains.
a) Aromatic
b) Positively charged
c) Negatively charged
d) Hydrophilic
267. The role of chloride in the stomach is to help which one of the following?
a) Assist in muscular contractions
b) Convey hormonal messages
c) Maintain a strong acidity
d) Support nerve impulses
268. The fermentation of vinegar involves which one of the following?

a) Yeasts only
b) Yeasts with lactic acid bacteria (LAB)
c) Yeasts with butyric acid bacteria (BAB)
d) Yeasts with acetic acid bacteria (AAB)
269. Dehydration can develop quickly in infants because of

a) Much of their body water is extracellular.
b) Only a small percentage of their body weight is water.
c) They drink lots of breast milk or formula, but little water.
d) They lose a lot of water through urination and tears.
270. Which one of the following terms is used to refer to the increased metabolic
expenditure that occurs in postprandial humans?
a) Mutual supplementation of nutrients (MSN)
b) Protein sparing effect (PSE)
c) Specific dynamic action (SDA)
d) None of these
271. A significant amount of vitamin K comes from which one of the following?
a) Bacterial synthesis
b) Fortified grain products
c) Sunlight exposure
d) Vegetable oils
272. Mutarotation refers to change in which of the following?

a) Chemical properties
b) Conductance
c) Optical rotation
d) pH
273. Which one of the following reflects height and weight?

a) Body composition
b) Body mass index
c) Central obesity
d) Waist circumference
274. Obesity increases the risk of which one of the following following?
a) Cardiovascular disease
b) Diabetes mellitus
c) Hypertension
d) All of the above
275. The thermic effect of an 800-kcalorie meal is about of which one of the
following?
a) 160 kcalories
b) 200 kcalories
c) 8 kcalories
d) 80 kcalories
276. Groundnut protein lacks in which one of the following amino acids?
a) Albumin
b) Casine
c) Globuline
d) Lysine
277. Isoleucinele, leucine, and lysine are exapmples of which of the following?
a) Complementary proteins
b) Essential amino acids
c) Polypeptides
d) Proteases
278. Which of the following hormones contain cholesterol?

a) Progesterone
b) Oestrogen
c) Adrenal corticoids
d) All of the above
279. Which one of the following term is used for the spongy structure that delivers
nutrients to the fetus and returns waste products to the mother?
a) Amniotic sac
b) Embryo
c) Placenta
d) Uterus
280. In the stomach, hydrolysis of the protein takes place by the action of which one
of the following acid secretion?
a) Carbonic acid
b) Gastric acid
c) Hydrochloric acid
d) Both b) and c)
281. Which of the following strategies is effective, except?

a) Encourage children to help prepare meals
b) Play first, eat later
c) Provide small portions

d) Use dessert as a reward for eating vegetables
282. For an electrochemical behavior of proteins, amino acids impart always

positively charged is/are
a) Aspartic acid
b) Glutamic acid
c) Lysine, arginine and histidine.
d) None of these
283. A realistic goal for weight loss is to reduce body

a) By 10 percent over six months
b) By 15 percent over three months
c) Down to the ideal weight in the weight-for tables
d) Down to the weight a person was at age 25
284. The chemical properties is associated with fats, except?

a) Hydrogenation
b) Saponification
c) Rancidity
d) Mutarotation
285. In the stomach, hydrochloric acid are:

a) Condenses proteins and facilitates digestion
b) Denatures proteins and activates pepsin
c) Emulsifies proteins and releases peptidase
d) Hydrolyzes proteins and denatures pepsin
286. For an electrochemical behavior of proteins, ______________ and

_____________ amino acids impart always negatively charged.
a) Aspartic and Glutamic
b) Glutamic and Arginine
c) Histidine and Arginine
d) Lysine and Aspartic
287. Which one of the following would provide the most potassium?
a) Bologna
b) Pickles
c) Potatoes
d) Whole-wheat bread
288. Glutamic and Aspartic amino acids are an example of

289. Which one of the following is always truth about the true food allergy?
a) Causes an immediate reaction
b) Creates an aversion to the offending food

c) Elicits an immune response
d) Involves symptoms such as headaches or hives
290. Which one of the following term is used if an amino acid exists at isoelectric
pH?
a) Anion
b) Cation
c) Zwitterion
d) None of these
291. The regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance and acid-base balance depends
primarily on which one of the following?
a) Intestines
b) Kidneys
c) Specialized tear ducts
d) Sweat glands
292. Which one of the following is the earliest sign of vitamin A deficiency?
a) Bitot‘s spot
b) Keratimalacia
c) Night blindness
d) Xempthalimia
293. Which one of the following term is used if an amino acid exists at pH below
isoelectric points?
a) Anion
b) Cation
c) Zwitterion
d) None of these
294. For health's sake, a person with a BMI of 21 might want to which one of the
following in his weight?
a) Gain weight
b) Lose weight
c) Maintain weight
d) None of these
295. The changes occur as the loosening of the weaker bonds holding the protein in
shape so that its natural shape is lost, and some of the molecules rearrange themselves
in new positions?
a) Denaturation of protein
b) Synthesis of protein
c) Synthesis of amino acids
d) Both a) and b)
296. The raw-material, _______________ is mostly used for large scale production
and cost effectiveness of alcohol?
a) Starch
b) Molasses
c) Cellulose
d) None of these
297. Which of the following foods provides the highest quality protein?
a) Corn
b) Egg
c) Gelatin
d) Whole grains
298. The raw-material, _______________ is used for citric acid production?

a) Starch
b) Molasses
c) Corn
d) None of these
299. Sprouting helps to increase which of the following?

a) Vit. A and D
b) Vit. B complex and C
c) Vit. E and A
d) Vit. E and D
300. Marasmus develops from which one of the following?

a) Excessive fluid intake causing edema
b) Inadequate protein and energy intake
c) Megadoses of amino acid supplements
d) Too much fat clogging the liver
301. Energy is essential for which one of the following body process?
a) Body temperature
b) Clotting of blood
c) Proper functions of vitamins
d) Repair of body tissues
302. Vegetable oils are rich sources of which of the following fatty acids?
a) Linoleic acid
b) Arachidonic acid
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
303. Which one of the following is the biggest problem associated with the use of
the treatment of obesity?
a) Adverse side effects
b) Chronic dosage
c) Cost
d) Ineffectiveness.
304. The chemical linkages between amino acids are all by which one of the
following bonds?
a) Ester bonds
b) Glycosidic bonds
c) Hydrogen bonds
d) Peptide bonds
305. Which of the following is the most powerful antioxidant?

a) α-tocopherols
b) β-tocopherols
c) γ-tocopherols
d) All of the above
306. With which one of the following goals a breastfeeding woman should drink
plenty of water?
a) For dilution of nutrient concentration
b) For prevention of dehydration
c) For production of more milk
d) For suppression of lactation
307. The amino acids, phenylalanine and tyrosine are associated with which one of
the following is the class?
a) Aliphatic Amino Acid
b) Aromatic Amino Acid
c) Basic Amino Acid
d) Acidic Amino Acid
308. An aromatic amino acids having benzene ring in their side chain, which one of
the following is an example of this class, except?
a) Phenylalanine
b) Threonine
c) Tryptophan
d) Tyrosine
309. Spoon shaped nails are result of which one of the following?
a) Choline deficiency
b) Flourine deficiency
c) Iodine deficiency
d) Iron deficiency
310. Fermented Products are rich in which one of the following nutrients?
a) Proteins
b) Fats
c) Vitamins
d) Carbohydrates
311. Except which one among the all are an aliphatic amino acids?
a) Alanine
b) Arginine
c) Glycine
d) Proline
312. Amino acids that belong to acidic amino acid is/are which one among the
following?
a) Arginine
b) Asparagine
c) Aspartic acid
d) Both b) and c)
313. Which of the following is associated with iodine value?

a) No. of grams of iodine which combine with 100 grams of fat
b) It depends on the no. of bonds it makes at the site of double bonds
c) It gives the degree of unsaturation
d) All of the above
314. Which of the following is an example of acidic amino acid?

a) Glycine
b) Glutamine
c) Glutamic acid
d) Both a) and b)
315. Which one of the following is not basic amino acid?

a) Lysine
b) Arginine
c) Histidine
d) Asparagine
316. Antifoaming agent which is/are very effective for the reduction of foam
produced during fermentation?
A. Corn oil
B. Silicon compounds
C. Soyabean oil
a) Only A
b) Only B
c) A and C
d) A, B and C
317. Except which one of the following amino acids, all are known as branched
chain aliphatic amino acids,?
a) Isoleucine
b) Leucine
c) Serine
d) Valine
318. Spices are more delicate in flavour than which one of the following?
a) Condiments
b) Cardamom
c) Herbs
d) Cloves
319. Sodium metabolism in Kidneys is controlled by which one of the following

hormone?
a) Aldosterone
b) Gonadotropins
c) Progesteron
d) Thyroxine
320. An aliphatic amino acid with OH in their side chain is associated with which
one of the following amino acids?
a) Methionine
b) Serine
c) Threonine
d) Both b) and c)
321. Which one of the following is not an example of aliphatic amino acid with S-
groups in side-chain?
a) Cysteine
b) Cystine
c) Leucine
d) Methionine
322. The catalyst(s) is/are used in hydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids at high
temperature in the presence of an alkali
a) Nickel
b) Cobalt
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
323. Maltose, isomaltose, lactose, fructose, cellobiolose, rhamninose, robinose,

mannotrioses (generally all monosaccharaides) are an example of which of the
following sugar?
a) Reducing sugar
b) Non-reducing sugar
c) Both of the above
d) None of these
324. Saponification of fat performed under standard conditions, is used as an index

to find which of the following?
a) No. of double bonds in fatty acids
b) Molecular weight of fatty acids
c) No. of pi bonds in fatty acids
d) Degree of unsaturation
325. Calcium is more soluble in which one of the following?

a) Acidic medium
b) Basic medium
c) Neutral pH
d) All of the above
326. ucrose, raffinose, gentianose (generally all polysaccharides) are an example of

which of the following sugar?
a) Reducing sugar
b) Non-reducing sugar
d) None of these
327. Which one of the following is the world‘s largest non-government

international agency?
a) CARE
b) FAO
c) UNICEF
d) WHO
328. Glucose absorption may be decreased in which of the following?

a) Nephritis
b) Oedema
c) Osteomalitis
d) Rickets
329. In the food industry, which one of the following is most commonly used
radiations?
a) X-rays
b) α-rays
c) γ-rays
d) UV rays
330. Which one of the following amino acid may become indispensable in urea
cycle disorders and metabolic stress?
a) Arginine
b) Cysteine
c) Glutamine
d) Tyrosine
331. Which one of the following amino acid may be needed in trauma, cancer and
patients with immune deficiencies?
a) Arginine
b) Cysteine
c) Glutamine
d) Tyrosine
332. Neurotransmitters are endogenous chemicals which transmit signals across a

synapse from one neuron (brain cell) to another target neuron. Which one of the
following amino acid is believed to be inhibitory neurotransmitters?
a) Aspartate
b) Glycine
c) Tryptophan
d) None of these
333. The rich source of protein which is used as single cell protein (SCP).
A. Chlorella
B. Scendesmus
C. Spirulina
a) Only A
b) Only B
c) Only C
d) A and C
334. Essential fatty acid (s) is/are
a) Linoleic
b) Linolenic
c) Arachidonic
d) All of the above
335. Which one of the following amino acid is thought to be an excitatory

neurotransmitter?
a) Aspartate
b) Glycine
c) Tryptophan
d) Both a) and c)
336. Pasteurization is a heat treatment, used to kill _____________________.

a) E coli
b) Pathogens
c) All Microorganisms
d) Lacto Bacillus
337. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is a monoamine neurotransmitter and

primarily found in the gastrointestinal tract, platelets, and the central nervous system.
Which one of the following amino acid is the precursor of serotonin?
a) Aspartate
b) Glycine
c) Tryptophan
d) None of these
338. Vitamin E is essential for which one of the following process of life?
a) Cretinism
b) Gonadism
c) Growth
d) Reproduction
339. Iodine deficiency affects which one of the following age groups?
a) Children only
b) Women only
c) Men only
d) All of the above
340. In the proteins, which one of the following amino acid does not found?
a) Histidine
b) Lysine
c) Proline
d) β-Alanine
341. In the post-absorptive state of plasma contains about

a) mgs of total lipids/100 ml of 400 blood
b) 300 mgs of total lipids/100 ml of blood
c) 500 mgs of total lipids/100 ml of blood
d) 100 mgs of total lipids/100 ml of blood
342. Nutritional anemia mainly affects which one of the following group?
a) Adolescent girls
b) Children
c) Pregnant women
d) All of the above
343. In mammalian tissues, for which one of the following serine can be a
biosynthetic precursor?
a) Glycine
b) Methionine
c) Phenylalanine
d) Tryptophan
344. Hemoglobin is an example of which of the following class of protein?

a) Chromoprotein
b) Lipoprotein
c) Metalloprotein
d) Phosphoprotein
345. Hemoglobin is an example of which of the following class of protein?

a) Chromoprotein
b) Hemoproteins
c) Metalloprotein
d) None of these
346. The large portion of neutral fat in blood plasma is found in which of the
following form?
a) Chylomicrons
b) Glycogen
c) Blood platelets
d) Glucagon
347. In the diet, which one of the following explains when an adequate amount of
tyrosine can reduce the requirement of Phenyl alanine?
a) Mutual supplementation of nutrients (MSN)
b) Protein sparing effect (PSE)
c) Specific dynamic action (SDA)
d) None of these
348. Which one of the following is an example of fibrous protein?

a) Albuminoids
b) Scleroprotein
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
349. The cholesterols are converted into which of the following in the liver?
a) Amino acids
b) Carboxylic acid
c) Bile acid
d) None of these
350. Protein Energy Malnutrition affects which one of the following group?
a) Adolescents
b) Adults
c) Children
d) Pre-school children
351. Respiratory quotient or respiratory coefficient (RQ) is a dimensionless number

used in BMR calculations when estimated from CO2 production. Oxidation of
carbohydrates is reduced in diabetes mellitus. On RQ, the effect of insulin
administration will be which one of the following?
a) Decrease
b) Increase
c) Initial rise and then fall
d) No effect
352. Pallegra is due to the deficiency of which one of the following vitamins?
a) Folic acid
b) Niacin
c) Protein
d) Riboflavin
353. In food industry, citric acid is used as which of the following?

A. Antioxidant
B. Coloring agent
C. Flavouring agent
D. Preservative
a) Only A
b) B and C
c) B, C and D
d) All of the above
354. Fibroin of silk, elastin in ligaments, collagen of bones, and keratin in hair etc.
are examples of which of the following protein?
a) Heteroproteins
b) Holoproteins
c) Scleroprotein
d) None of these
355. Which one of the following is an Effective method for removal of spores from
liquids:
a) Sedimentation
b) Filteration
c) Centrifugation
d) Simmering
356. Sucrose consists of which of the following combinations?

a) Galactose + Glucose
b) Glucose + Fructose
c) Glucose + Glucose
d) Glucose + Mannose
357. Maltose consists of which of the following combinations?

358. Lactose consists of which of the following combinations?

359. Cellobiose consists of which of the following combinations?

a) Galactose-β-1,4-Glucose
b) Glucose- β,1,4- Glucose
c) Glucose-α,1,4- Glucose
d) Glucose-α-1,2-Fructose
360. How much portion of the cholesterol in the blood are obtained from food?
a) 60%
b) 50%
c) 70%
d) 40%
361. Which of the following is a component of dietary fiber, except?

a) Agar
b) Cellulose
c) Lignin
d) Pectin
362. What is the effect of unsaturated fats or essential fatty acids on blood
cholesterol level
a) Increase
b) Decrease
c) Doesn‘t change
d) Absorb
363. Cretinism is a clinical sign of which one of the following deficiency?

a) Fluorine deficiency
b) Iodine deficiency
c) Iron deficiency
d) Zinc deficiency
364. Metalloproteins are the class of conjugated protein which contains one or more
metal ions as prosthetic groups. Which one of the following is an example of
metalloprotein?
a) Casein
b) Ceruloplasmin
c) Gelatin
d) Salmine
365. Selection of fruits and vegetables for preservation is done on the basis of
__________.
a) Weight
b) Suitability
c) Appearance
d) Price
366. BMR (Basal metabolic rate) refers to which of the following?

a) Energy required to involuntary work
b) Extra energy produced after taking food
c) Energy produced by unit mass of food
d) All of the above
367. By high levels of ethylene, which one of the following is most affected?
a) Colour change in meat
b) Microbial spoilage of bread
c) Rancidity of cheese
d) Ripening of fruit
368. For vit.-A, which of the following statement is correct, except?

a) First fat soluble vitamin
b) Crystalline form
c) Its deficiency cause xerophthalmia
d) Enhance intestinal absorption of Ca, Fe, Mg, Zin
369. Which one of the following is an example of dipeptide that occurs in vertebrate
muscle?
a) Anserine
b) Carnosine
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
Note: Anserine is a dipeptide of β-alanine and methyl histidine while carnosine
dipeptide of β-alanine and histidine.
370. One of the following diseases, in which glucose-6-phosphatase is absent or

deficient?
a) Cori‘s disease
b) McArdle‘s disease
c) Pompe‘s disease
d) Von Gierke‘s disease
371. Which of the following is the symptom of Bioit‘s spots?
a) Black colour triangular spots located in conjunctiva
b) Grey colour triangular spots located in conjunctiva
c) Red colour triangular spots located in conjunctiva
d) Brown colour triangular spots located in conjunctiva
372. Which one of the following minimise to the deterioration of fats and oils
during storage?
A. Anticaking agents
B. Antioxidants
C. Emulsifiers
D. Preservatives
a) Only A
b) Only B
c) Only C
d) All of the above
373. The sex hormones which have effects on the growth or function of the
reproductive organs, the development of secondary sex characteristics, and the
behavioral patterns of humans. Which one of the following is female sex hormone?
a) Estrogen and Oxytocin
b) Estrogen and Progesterone
c) Progesterone and Androgen
d) Prolactin and Estrogen
374. Which one of the following is tripeptide also known as reducing agent in the
tissues?
a) Anserine
b) Glutathione
c) Kallidin
d) Oxytocin
375. The deficiency of vit.-D causes which of the following?

a) Rickets in children
b) Osteomalcaia in adult.
c) Xerophthalmia
d) Both a) and b)
376. Which one of the following is considered as male sex hormone?

a) Androgen
b) Estrogen
c) Progesterone
d) Both b) and c)
377. Vit.-D promotes which of the following activity?

a) Absorption of Ca and P from the small intestine
b) To from active Ca binding protein in DNA
c) Maintenance of Ca and P in the blood and its deposition in the bone.
d) All of the above
378. The blood sugar raising action of the hormones of suprarenal cortex is due to
which one of the following?
a) Due to inhibition of glomerular filtration
b) Glucagon-like activity
c) Gluconeogenesis
d) Glycogenolysis
379. Biuret reaction refers to the colorimetric reaction for the qualitative and
quantitative determination of proteins. Which one of the following group is specified
for this reaction?
a) –(NH)NH2 group
b) –CONH linkages
c) –CSNH2 group
d) All of the above
380. Which of the following is the most active form of vit-D?

a) 25-OH-D3
b) 1, 25 (OH)D3
c) 1, 24 (OH)D3
d) 24-OH-D3
381. Which one the following vitamin/acid is necessary for DNA synthesis?
a) Ascorbic acid
b) Folic acid
c) Vitamin BI2
d) Both b) and c)
382. Vegetable oils are fair sources of vit.-E, except?

a) Coconut oil
b) Nuts
c) Mustered
d) Both a) and b)
383. Restriction of salt intake is generally recommended in which one of the

following?
a) Cirrhosis of liver
c) Hypertension
d) Peptic ulcer
384. How much of total glycogen content of the body?

a) 100 gms
b) 200gms
c) 300 gms
d) 500gms
385. How much of total Glucose in the body?

a) 10–15 gms
b) 20–30gms
c) 40–50 gms
d) 60–80gms
386. Which one the following fat soluble vitamins that protects to the fat in tissues
from oxidation?
a) Vitamin-A
b) Vitamin-D
c) Vitamin-E
d) Vitamin-K
387. Proteins contain which of the following type amino acids?

a) Only D-α-amino acids
b) Only L-α-amino acids
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
388. The food products, ________________________ is most likely to be

associated with food poisoning caused by Clostridium botulinum?
a) Roast chicken
b) Canned tomatoes
c) Canned sweet corn
d) Boiled rice
389. Which one the following is important for collagen formation and also enhances
iron absorption?
a) Ascorbic acid
b) Folic acid
c) Nicotinic acid
d) None of these
390. Which of the following vitamin provides the cofactor for pyruvate
dehydrogenase?
a) Folate
b) Riboflavin
c) Thiamin
d) Vitamin B6
391. All proteins contain how much amino acid?

a) 300 Amino acids occurring in nature
b) Different amino acids
c) Only a few amino acids
d) Same 20 amino acids
392. The normal resting state of humans, most of the blood glucose burnt as fuel is
consumed by which of the following?
a) Adipose tissue
b) Brain
c) Kidneys
d) Liver
393. Which of the following vitamins essential for gluconeogenesis from lactate
a) Biotin
b) Folate
c) Pantothenic acid
d) Vitamin B12
394. Which one the following is an important function of vitamin-A?

a) Involved in carbohydrate metabolism
b) Involved in fat metabolism
c) Involved in RNA synthesis
d) Both b) and c)
Note: Vitamin BI2 (Cyanocobalamin) is necessary for DNA synthesis while for RNA
synthesis, vitamin-A is necessary.
395. Vitamin K is required for which of the following function?

a) Change of prothrombin in to thrombin
b) Synthesis of prothrombin
c) Change of fibrinogen to fibrin
d) Format ion of thromboplastin
396. Dietary sources of protein may be of

a) Only animal origin
b) Only plant origin
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
397. In which one of the following food sources linoleic acid never found?
a) Eggs
b) Meat
c) Mustard
d) Nuts
398. For vit.-K, which of the following statement is true?

a) It helps in the formation of prothrombin
b) It is directly involved in blood clotting
c) Cereal germs oils are the richest source
d) Provides the cofactor for pyruvate dehydrogenase
399. Carrier protein can perform which one of the following functions?
a) Exchange one substance to another
b) Transport more than one substance
c) Transport only one substance
d) All of the above
400. Vitamin BI2 (Cyanocobalamin) is important for which one the following?
a) Necessary for DNA synthesis
b) Necessary for RNA synthesis
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
401. In fatty acid synthesis, which of the following vitamins provide cofactor for
reduction reactions?
a) Riboflavin
b) Thiamin
c) Niacin
d) Vitamin B6
402. Which one of the following set of amino acids that contain hydroxy group?
a) Aspartate, Glutamate, Serine
b) Lysine, Arginine, Proline
c) Serine, Treonine, Tyrosine
d) Treonine, Phenylalanine, Arginine
403. Which of the following vitamin provide cofactor for transamination of amino
acids?
a) Vitamin B6
b) Niacin
c) Riboflavin
d) Thiamin
404. The absorption of glucose in the digestive tract is

a) Impaired in cases of diabetes mellitus
b) Stimulated by the hormone Glucagon
c) Occurs in the small intestine
d) Occurs more rapidly than the absorption of any other sugar
405. Which of the following is the site of protein synthesis?

a) Cell sap
b) Mitochondrion
c) Nucleus
d) Ribosome
406. Which one the following is an important function of vitamin-A, except?

a) Important for resisting infectious diseases
b) Necessary for night and color vision
c) Necessary for wound repair
d) Prevents sensitivity of the eyes to light
Note: Prevents sensitivity of the eyes to light is established benefits of riboflavin.
407. Which of the following is the function of vit.-A?

a) Vision, bone and body growth
b) Immune defenses, maintenance of body linings and skin
c) Normal cell development and reproduction

d) All of the above
408. Enzymes are chemically known as which one of the following?

a) Carbohydrates
b) Lipids
c) Proteins
d) None of these
409. Which one of these vitamins is involved in calcium homeostasis?

a) Vitamin B12
b) Vitamin D
c) Vitamin K
d) Vitamin B6
410. Glycoproteins are formed by which of the following cellular organelles?

a) Golgi bodies
b) Lysosomes
c) Mitochondria
d) Ribosomes
411. Which of the following vitamins deficiency may lead to the megaloblastic
anaemia?
a) Vitamin B6
b) Vitamin B12
c) Vitamin D
d) Vitamin E
412. Which one the following is established benefits of riboflavin, except?

a) Helps to prevent the pellagra
b) Important for the proper function of the nervous system
c) Necessary for healthy skin
d) Necessary for protein, fat, and carbohydrate metabolism
413. McArdle‘s disease is due to the deficiency of which one of the following?
a) Glucose-6-phosphatase
b) Liver phosphorylase
c) Muscle phosphorylase
d) Phosphofructokinase
414. Vit.-C is required for the production and maintenance of which of the
following?
a) Ascorbic Acid
b) Collagen
c) Hormone
d) Red Blood Cells
415. Which one the following is not associated with potential benefits of niacin?
a) Helps cells release energy from food
b) Helps maintain healthy teeth and gums
c) Helps prevent loss of appetite

d) Helps prevent pellagra
Note: Helps maintain healthy teeth and gums are associated with potential benefits of
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxal).
416. Deficiency of which of the following vitamin may result into hypochromic
anaemia?
a) Vitamin B4
b) Vitamin B6
c) Vitamin C
d) Vitamin D
417. Due to which one of the following reasons limiting amino acids are called as
essential amino acid?
a) Help to increases the growth
b) Help to increases the weight gain
c) Most deficient in proteins
d) Most excess in proteins
418. Deficiency of which of the following vitamin may cause haemolytic anaemia?
a) Vitamin B12
b) Vitamin E
c) Vitamin B6
d) None of these
419. Which of the following is the function of plasma albumin?

a) Regulation of osmotic pressure
b) Transport of sparingly soluble metabolites
c) Both a) and a)
d) None of these
420. Congenital galactosaemia can lead to which of the following?

a) Death
b) Mental retardation
c) Premature cataract
d) All of the above
421. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxal) is important for which one the following including
protein absorption and metabolism?
a) For proper function of nervous and immune systems
b) For red blood cell formation
c) For serotonin and melatonin production
d) All of the above
422. Which one of the following vitamins is required for DNA synthesis?
a) Niacin
b) Pantothenic acid
c) Folate
d) Vitamin B12
423. Which one of the following vitamins provides a vital role in oxidation and
reduction reactions?
a) Biotin
b) Folate
c) Riboflavin
d) Vitamin E
424. Which one of the following is the plasma protein contains more than 4%
hexosamine?
a) Glycoproteins
b) Microglobulins
c) Mucoproteins
d) Orosomucoids
425. Food Balance Sheets provide information on which one of the following?
a) Food availability in the household
b) Food intake of free-living individuals
c) Food supply at the population level
d) All of the above
426. Which one the following minerals is an important to B12 absorption?

a) Calcium (Ca++)
b) Chloride (Cl+)
c) Copper (Cu++)
d) Sodium (Na+)
427. Histones are proteins characterized by which one of the following?

a) Identical to protamine
b) Insoluble in water and very dilute acids
c) Rich in lysine and arginine
d) With high molecular weight
428. Household budget surveys (HBSs) provide information on which one of the
following?
d) All of the above
429. Which one the following water soluble vitamin functions as part of two
enzymes — coenzyme A (CoA) and acyl carrier protein (ACP), both of these are
important in intermediary metabolism in body?
a) Ascorbic acid
b) Folic acid
c) Nicotinic acid
d) Pantothenic acid
430. Which one of the following is/are the correct statements regarding histones?
a) Characterized by its high content of arginine and lysine
b) Classified on the basis of their arginine and lysine content.
c) Molecular mass of histones is 11-21 kDa

d) Constitute more than half the mass of chromosomes of all eukaryotic cells.
Note: Constitute about half the mass of the chromosomes of all eukaryotic cells.
431. Individual dietary surveys (IDSs) provide information on which one of the
following?
d) All of the above
432. Glucose uptake by liver cells is associated with which one of the following>
a) A saturable process
b) Energy-consuming
c) Insulin-dependent
d) Insulin-independent
433. Which one the following water soluble vitamin has a role in the maintenance
of normal appetite, muscle tone, and normal mental function in body?
a) Thiamin
b) Niacin
c) Riboflavin
d) None of these
434. Children are today experiencing a low dietary intake of which among the
following mineral nutrients?
a) Iodine
b) Iron
c) Calcium
d) Both a) and b)
435. When blood glucose is abnormally high, what is released from the pancreas?
a) Epinephrine.
b) Glucagon.
c) Insulin.
d) Trypsin.
436. Which one of the following amino acids involve in the synthesis of creatin,
except?
a) Arginine
b) Glycine
c) Lysine
d) Methionine
437. The iodine deficiency leads to several disorders collectively referred to as

Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) with which among the following?
A. Goitre
B. Hyperplasia of thyroid cells
C. Cretinism (mental deficiency)

a) Only C
b) A and B
c) A, B and C
d) None of these
438. There are the only two amino acids ____________ and ____________ that do
not always undergo transamination.
a) Lysine and Serine
b) Lysine and Threonine
c) Serine and Lysine
d) Serine and Threonine
439. Which one the following fat soluble vitamin promoting to the growth and
mineralization of bones in body?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin D
c) Vitamin E
d) Vitamin K
440. Inadequate levels of ___________ have been implicated with a rise in the
blood homocysteine levels, leading possibly to increased risk of cardiovascular
disease (CVD).
a) Folate
b) Pantothenic acid
c) Riboflavin
d) Biotin
441. Proteins are soluble in which one of the following solutions?

a) Anhydrous acetone
b) Anhydrous alcohol
c) Aqueous alcohol
d) Benzene
442. Which one the following fat soluble vitamin maintains normal level of citrate
in the blood and protects against the loss of amino acids through the kidneys?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin D
c) Vitamin E
d) Vitamin K
443. Vitamin D is produced from which of the following sources, synthesised in the
skin from7 dehydrocholesterol (7DHC) in a reaction catalysed by the ultra-violet (UV)
light?
a) Exogenous
b) Endogenous
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
444. Which one of the following cereal protein is insoluble in water or salt solution
but soluble in 70% alcohol?
a) Albumin
b) Gliadin
c) Glutelin
d) Protamine
445. The carbohydrate found in milk and known as milk sugar is which of the
following?
a) Maltose
b) Galactose
c) Glucose
d) Lactose
446. Invert sugar is the hydrolytic products of which of the following sugars?
a) Fructose
b) Sucrose
c) Lactose
d) Sucrose
447. Generally, invert sugar refers to which of the following carbohydrate?

a) Fructose
b) Glucose
c) Lactose
d) Sucrose
448. Which among the following are inversely associated with the risk of coronary
heart disease (CHD)
a) Vitamin E and folic acid
b) Vitamin E and Pantothenic acid
c) Vitamin E and Biotin
d) None of these
449. The highest concentrations of fructose are found in which one of the
following?
a) Aqueous humor
b) Seminal fluid
c) Synovial fluid
d) Vitreous humor
450. Food balance sheets (FBSs) assembled by which one of the following
organization that describe the current and developing structure of the national dietary
patterns?
a) Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)
b) Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
c) National Institute of Nutrition (NIN)
d) National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau (NNMB)
451. Which one of the following is a saturated fatty acids, except?

a) Arachidic
b) Arachidonic
c) Palmitic
d) Stearic
452. Most globular proteins are stable in solution because of _____________ bond?
a) Disulphide bonds
b) Hydrogen bonds
c) Non-polar bonds
d) Salt bonds
453. Which one of the following fat soluble vitamins is carried by a specific
transport protein, α2- globulin, within the circulation?
a) Vitamin D
b) Vitamin A
c) Vitamin E
d) Vitamin K
454. Renal threshold is the concentration level of a substance (as glucose) dissolved
in the blood upto which prevented from passing through the kidneys into the urine.
Renal threshold for glucose is decreased in which one of the following?
a) Alimentary glycosuria
c) Insulinoma
d) Renal glycosuria
455. Which one of the following is an unsaturated fatty acids, except?

a) Palmitoleic
b) Linoleic
c) Linolenic
d) Palmitic
456. Which one of the following is an example of globular proteins?

a) Glutenins
b) Prolamines
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
457. Which of the following are the most important causes of osteomalacia and
rickets?
A. Coeliac disease
B. Renal disease: glomerular
C. Renal disease: tubular
a) Only A
b) B and C
c) A, B and C
d) None of these
458. Which one of the following is an unsaturated fatty acids, except?

a) Arachidic
b) Arachidonic
c) Oleic
d) Both b) and c)
459. Mortality rates from colon cancer are highest in those areas that receive the
___________ amount of sunlight.
a) Minimum
b) Maximum
c) Average
d) None of these
460. Insulin regulatory hormone for controlling glucose metabolism and Transferrin
involved in iron transport in blood. Insulin and Transferrin are an example of which
one of the following proteins?
a) Fibrous proteins
b) Globular proteins
c) Membrane proteins
d) None of these
461. Which one of the following formulas is used to calculate the % of body fat as
direct analysis method?
a)
b)
c)
d)
462. Which one of the following formulas is used to calculate the % of body water
as direct analysis method?
a)
b)
c)
d)
463. Which one of the following formulas is used to calculate the % of body ash as
direct analysis method?
a)
b)
c)
d)
464. Which one of the following formulas is used to calculate the % of body protein
as direct analysis method?
a)
b)
c)
d)
465. Body mass index (BMI) is an index for human body shape based on an
individual's mass and height. Which one of the following is BMI formula?
a)
b)
c)
d)
466. Seasonal changes in which of the following metabolites of vitamin D could

have an effect on hormonal function, mood and behavior?
a) 25-OHD (25 hydroxyvitamin D)
b) 1,25-OHD (1,25 dihydroxvitamin D3)
c) 24,25-OHD (24, 25 dihydroxyvitamin D)
d) Both a) and b)
467. The blood group substance is related to which one of the following
carbohydrate?
a) Arabinose
b) Fucose
c) Maltose
d) Sucrose
468. The mechanism for the immunological role of vitamin D is not known, but the
hormone receptor for which of the following is now recognized as one of a
superfamily called as ‗Steroid-Thyroid-Retinoid-Superfamily‘?
A. 25-OHD (25 hydroxyvitamin D)
B. 1,25-OHD (1,25 dihydroxvitamin D3)
C. 24,25-OHD (24, 25 dihydroxyvitamin D)
a) Only A
b) Only B
c) A and C
d) A, B and C
469. Regarding BMI, which one of the following statements is correct, except?
a) 26 is average BMI for India (equal male & female)
b) Obesity is defined as is a BMI over 30
c) Overweight is defined as BMI between 25 and 30
d) Unit of BMI is kg/m2
470. When blood glucose is abnormally low, what is released from the pancreas?
a) Glucagon
b) Glucose
c) Insulin
d) Trypsin
471. Vitamin-E is chemically known as Tocopherol, derived from the ___________

words ‗tokos‘ and ‗pherein‘ which means ‗to bring forth children‘.
a) French
b) German
c) Greek
d) Latina
472. Hyaluronic acid is glycosaminoglycan of connective tissue that is composed of

14- linked D-glucuronyl-(13)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. It is found in which of
the following?
a) Abdomen
b) Brain
c) Joints
d) Mouth
473. There are eight naturally-occurring vitamin E compounds, four tocopherols

and four tocotrienols, all synthesized by which of the following?
a) Plants
b) Animal
c) Human
d) None of these
474. Which one of the following fat soluble vitamins refers as group of tocopherols
that have an important function in the antioxidant system; suppresses free radical
formation?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin D
c) Vitamin E
d) Vitamin K
475. The most active form of tocopherol which one among the following i.e.
accounts for 90% of the vitamin E present in human tissues?
a) Alpha (α)-tocopherol
b) Beta (β)-tocopherol
c) Gamma (γ)-tocopherol
d) Delta (δ)-tocopherol
476. In an important reaction for amino acid synthesis from carbohydrate

intermediates, which one of the following is an important cofactor requires?
a) Niacin
b) Pyridoxal phosphate
c) Riboflavin
d) Thiamine
477. Which one of the following vitamin is known as pyridoxal phosphate?

a) Vitamin B1
b) Vitamin B2
c) Vitamin B3
d) Vitamin B6
478. In general, food sources with the highest concentrations of vitamin E are
a) Nuts > Seeds (whole grains) > Vegetable oils
b) Seeds (whole grains) > Nuts > Vegetable oils
c) Seeds (whole grains) > Vegetable oils > Nuts
d) Vegetable oils > Nuts > Seeds (whole grains)
479. Which one of the following amino acid is takes place from synthesis of the
protein of hair keratin?
a) Alanine
b) Hydroxyproline
c) Methionine
d) Proline
480. Sunflower and olive oil contain mainly ___________________ while in soya
oil ___________________, respectively.
a) Alpha (α)-tocopherol and Beta (β)-tocopherol
b) Alpha (α)-tocopherol and Delta (δ)-tocopherol
c) Alpha (α)-tocopherol and Gamma (γ)-tocopherol
d) Beta (β)-tocopherol and Gamma (γ)-tocopherol
481. Which one of the following fat soluble vitamins has function in the post
translational carboxylation of the glutamic acid residues of prothrombin and
osteocalcin?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin D
c) Vitamin E
d) Vitamin K
482. Which one among the following form of tocopherol mainly found in in soya
oil accounts for 60% of total tocopherol?
a) Alpha (α)-tocopherol
b) Beta (β)-tocopherol
c) Gamma (γ)-tocopherol
d) Delta (δ)-tocopherol
483. In one molecule of albumin, contain how much number of amino acids?
a) 510
b) 590
c) 610
d) 650
484. Which one of the following fat soluble vitamins refers as group of sterols that
serve to enhance bone calcification?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin D
c) Vitamin E
d) Vitamin K
485. The tocopherol content in almonds and poppy seeds is ____ % and ____ % of
vitamin E, respectively.
a) 96% and 9%
b) 9% and 96%
c) 60% and 96%
d) 96% and 60%
486. Hemoglobin transports to which one of the following after releasing O2 at the
tissues?
a) CO2 and protons to the lungs
b) CO2 and protons to the tissue
c) O2 to the lungs
d) None of these
487. Which one of the following fat soluble vitamins is known as antirachitic
factor?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin D
c) Vitamin E
d) Vitamin K
488. Vitamin E has effect on all of the following, except?

A. Immune function
B. Maintains plasma calcium concentrations
C. Mineral balance of the body
D. Modulation of signal transduction pathways
E. Platelet and vascular functions
F. Prevention of oxidative damage to DNA and DNA repair
a) B and C
b) B and D
c) B and F
d) C and E
489. A lipoprotein is a biochemical assembly contains which of the following

biomolecule?
a) Carbohydrates
b) Lipids
c) Proteins
d) Both b) and c)
490. Specific gravity of urine increases in which one of the following?

a) Chronic glomerulonephritis
b) Compulsive polydypsia
c) Diabetes mellitus
d) Hypercalcemia
491. Which one of the following vitamins is known as menadione, is not a natural
constituent of foods but sometimes used as a nutritional supplement because it does
possess biological activity?
a) Vitamins A
b) Vitamins D
c) Vitamins E
d) Vitamins K
492. Fixation of specific gravity of urine to 1.010 is found in which one of the
following?
c) Cystinosis
d) Diabetes insipidus
493. Which one of the following vit.-B is known as antineuritic factor?

a) Vitamin B1
b) Vitamin B2
c) Vitamin B3
d) Vitamin B5
494. Which of the following major form of vitamin K is synthesized in plants and
bacteria?
A. Phylloquinone (vitamin K1)
B. Menaquinones (vitamin K2)
C. Menaphthone or Menadione (Vitamin K3)

a) Only A
b) Only B
c) A and B respectively
d) B and C respectively
495. Phenylalanine is the precursor of which one of the following?

a) Histamine
b) Throxine
c) Tyrosine
d) None of these
496. The primary function of which of the following vitamins are in blood
coagulation and in bone metabolism.
a) Vitamins B complex
b) Vitamins C
c) Vitamins D
d) Vitamins K
497. The major dietary sources of which of the following vitamins is a green
vegetable, contain the highest concentrations and are the largest contributors to dietary
intakes?
a) Vitamins P
b) Vitamins B complex
c) Vitamins D
d) Vitamins K
498. Which one of the following vit.-B is known as antipellagra factor?

a) Vitamin B1
b) Vitamin B2
c) Vitamin B3
d) Vitamin B5
499. Which one of the following is optically inactive amino acid?

a) Glycine
b) Serine
c) Threonine
d) Valine
500. Many bacteria present in the human intestine synthesize which of the
following constituents of the naturally occurring vitamin K group?
a) Phylloquinone
b) Napthoquinone
c) Menaquinones
d) None of these
501. As a result of deficiency of which one of the following vitamins infants can
develop a condition known as haemorrhagic disease of the newborn (HDN)?
a) Vitamin D
b) Vitamin K
c) Vitamin P
d) Vitamin E
502. Provitamin A is related with which one of the following, except?

a) -Carotene
b) -Carotene
c) -Carotene
d) -Carotene
503. A mixture of amino acids in solution at neutral pH would be predominantly

which one of the following?
a) Dipolar ions
b) Hydrophobic
c) Nonpolar molecules
d) Positive and monovalent
504. Which one of the following is a common intermediate for conversion of

glycerol and lactate to glucose?
a) Glucose-6-phosphate
b) Oxaloacetate
c) Phosphoenolpyruvate
d) Pyruvate
505. The term haemorrhagic disease of the newborn (HDN) was first used in 1894
by which one of the following who described it as a self-limiting bleeding disorder of
newborns of unknown origin?
a) Townsend
b) Henrik Dam
c) Edward Adelbert Doisy
d) None of these
506. Vitamin K1 (Phylloquinone) was identified in 1929 by Danish scientist is one

among the following?
a) Townsend
b) Henrik Dam
c) Edward Adelbert Doisy
d) None of these
507. The reaction [α-D-glucose + 112 → + 52.5 ← + 19 β-D-glucose] of glucose

associated with which of the following terms?
a) D and L isomerism
b) Epimerisation
c) Mutarotation
d) Optical isomerism
508. Why untreated diabetics develop ketosis?

a) Cells can utilize more amount of glucose, than they need
b) Cells cannot utilize glucose
c) Fatty acid synthesis is increased

d) They have increased glycogen levels
509. The discovery of vitamin K arose from some studies on which one of the
following metabolism of chicks?
a) Cholesterol
b) Carbohydrate
c) Protein
d) None of these
510. Which one of the following is fat-soluble vitamin needed by human body
for complete synthesis of certain proteins that are required for blood coagulation?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin D
c) Vitamin E
d) Vitamin K
511. The energy of the consumed food, energy of the feces and apparent digestible
energy are indicated by IE, FE and ADE, respectively. Which one of the following is
true about apparent digestible energy (ADE)?
a) IE equal to FE; DE = IE = FE
b) IE less then FE; DE = IE – FE
c) IE more than FE; DE = FE – IE
d) None of these
Note: Apparent digestible energy (ADE) refers as energy of the consumed food (IE)
less the energy of the feces (FE); DE = IE – FE
512. In which one of the following, specific gravity of urine is increases?

c) Diabetes mellitus
d) Hypercalcemia
513. Which one of the following are normal ranges of specific gravity of urine
a) 0.900–0.999
b) 1.101–1.120
c) 1.000–1.001
d) 1.003–1.030
514. The vitamin C content in body tissues varies widely with the highest
concentrations levels in all among the following, except?
a) Pituitary and Adrenals
b) Leukocytes
c) Plasma and Saliva
d) Eye lens and Brain
515. The vitamin C content in body tissues varies widely with the lowest
concentrations levels in which of the following?
A. Brain
B. Eye lens
C. Plasma
D. Saliva
a) A and B
b) B and C
c) C and D
d) D and A
516. Except which one of the following amino acids, are an important
physiologically, precursors of neurotransmitters?
a) Gly
b) Phe
c) Trp
d) Tyr
517. Lectin is antibody-like glycoproteins of non-immune origin. The most toxic

lectins in food include ricin in which one of the following foods?
a) Castor bean
b) Fava beans
c) Kidney beans
d) Soybeans
518. Which one of the following forms of thiamin is most commonly occurs in the
tissues?
a) TMP (Thiamin monophosphate)
b) TDP (Thiamin diphosphate)
c) TTP (Thiamin triphosphate)
d) TPP (Thiamine pyrophosphate)
519. In carbohydrate metabolism, an important coenzyme among the following is?

a) TMP (Thiamin monophosphate)
b) TDP (Thiamin diphosphate)
c) TTP (Thiamin triphosphate)
d) TPP (Thiamine pyrophosphate)
520. Hyaluronic acid is glycosaminoglycan of connective tissue that is composed of

14- linked D-glucuronyl-(13)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. It is found in which of
the following?
a) Abdomen
b) Brain
c) Joints
d) Mouth
521. At physiological pH, which one of the following is correct for solutions of
amino acids?
a) All amino acids contain both positive and negative charges
b) All amino acids contain negatively charged side chains
c) All amino acids contain positively charged side chains
d) Some amino acids contain only positive charge
522. In the metabolism of which biomolecule, thiamin (vitamin B1) is not

important?
a) Alcohol
b) Carbohydrate
c) Fat
d) Protein
523. Which one of the following types of tissues thiamin triphosphate (TTP)
occurs?
a) Connective
b) Epithelium
c) Muscular
d) Nervous
524. A 13 year-old patient with Type I diabetes mellitus, home alone, take an
insulin injection before lunch but then he gets concentrated in a videogame he is
playing and does not eat. Approximately 3 hours later, he becomes sweat, shaky and
confused. These symptoms have appeared as a consequence of:
a) High sugar levels in blood
b) Increased glucagon release from the pancreas
c) Increased insulin release from the pancreas
d) Low sugar levels in blood
525. Diets high in which one of the following require more thiamin so symptoms of
the deficiency disease beriberi occur where there is dietary deficiency of thiamin?
a) Carbohydrate sources
b) Fat sources
c) Protein sources
d) Both a) and b)
526. Which one of the following type of vitamin B is mostly remove from cereals
during the milling process?
a) Thiamin
b) Riboflavin
c) Cobalamin
d) None of these
527. Which one of the following nutritive sweetener having main use in
confectionery and brewing industry?
a) Fructose
b) Invert sugar
c) Lactose
d) Maltose
528. α−D-Glucose and β−D-glucose are associated with which of the following?
a) Anomers
b) Epimers
c) Ketoenol pair
d) Multirotation
529. Polished rice is particularly low in which one of the following water soluble
vitamins?
a) Thiamine
b) Ascorbic acid
c) Riboflavin
d) Cobalamin
530. Rice which is parboiled ________________ retains a lot of its thiamin

(190µg/100 kg) because water-soluble vitamins diffuse inward during the process.
a) After milling
b) Before milling
c) During milling
d) None of these
531. Congenital galactosaemia is a rare genetic metabolic disorder that affects an

individual's ability to metabolize the sugar galactose properly, which can lead to
among the following?
a) Death
b) Mental retardation
c) Premature cataract
d) All of the above
532. Megablastosis is the characteristic sign of which one of the following vitamin
deficiency?
a) Ascorbic acid
b) Folate
c) Riboflavin
d) Thiamine
533. Which of the following are the food sources of vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)?
a) Almost all animal products
b) Fruits
c) Vegetables
d) Both a and b)
534. Cysteine, Cystine and Methionine are an example of which one of the
following amino acid found in proteins is?
c) Heterocyclic Amino Acid
d) Sulphur Amino Acid
535. Fructose is found in which one of the following with highest concentrations?
a) Aqueous humor
b) Seminal fluid
c) Synovial fluid
d) Vitreous humor
536. Deficiency of _____________________ vitamins produces megoblastic

anaemia diseases in humans.
a) Vitamin B9 (Folate)
b) Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxal)
c) Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid)
d) Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)
537. In egg white, which one of the following is tightly bound by the imidazole ring
to avidin which is released on cooking?
a) Biotin
b) Folate
c) Pyridoxal
d) Both a) and b)
538. Glutelins are present in which one of the following?

a) Eggs
b) Meat
c) Cereals
d) Milk
539. Which one of the following is the class of phenylalanine and tyrosine amino
acids having is benzene ring in their side chain?
c) Basic Amino Acid
d) Acidic Amino Acid
540. Due to deficiency of ____________________ vitamins causes nutritional

melalgia.
a) Cobalamin (Vitamin B12)
b) Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5 ()
c) Pyridoxal (Vitamin B6)
d) None of these
541. Meat is a rich source of which of the following vitamins?

a) Niacin
b) Thiamin
c) Tryptophan
d) Both a) and c)
542. Which one of the following sweetening agents (sugar substitutes) acts
synergistically with other sweeteners?
a) Fructose
b) Glucose
c) Lactose
d) Maltose
543. A benzyl group in order of increasing complexity is found in which one of the
following aromatic amino acids?
a) Phenylalanine
b) Tyrosine
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
544. The clinical features of pellagra are all of the following, except?
a) Dementia
b) Dermatitis
c) Diabetes
d) Diarrhea
545. Pellagra is frequently associated with the diets of which of the following?
a) Maize
b) Meat
c) Millet
d) Both a) and c)
546. The hydroxyl group in the trans position relative to the methyl group is found
in in which one of the following aromatic amino acids?
a) Phenylalanine
b) Tyrosine
d) None of these
547. Which one of the following is bleaching agent in flour?

a) Benzoic acid
b) Benzoyl peroxide
c) BHA
d) BHT
548. Pellagra occurs in which one of the following an autosomal recessive disorder
with impaired absorption of several amino acids including tryptophan?
a) Hartnup‘s disease
b) McArdle‘s disease
c) Pompe‘s disease
d) Von Gierke‘s
Notes: All are glycogen storage disease except Hartnup‘s disease.
549. Which one of the following is the main tissue responsible for converting
pyridoxine and pyridoxamine phosphates into pyridoxal 5‘-phosphate (PLP)?
a) Liver
b) Kidney
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
550. Which one of the following is the class of Lysine and arginine are amino acids
containing amino (—NH2) group in side, each have a nitrogen atom which, unlike the
nitrogen of tryptophan, is ionized at the pH ranges found in the cell?
a) Acidic Amino Acid
c) Basic Amino Acid
d) None of these
551. Which one of the following is used as leavening agent and sequestrant?
a) Calcium carbonate
b) Calcium phosphate
c) Calcium propionate
d) Calcium silicate
552. Amino acids not synthesized in the body and hence must be obtained from the
diet is known as which one of the following?
a) Essential amino
d) None of these
553. Isoleucine, methionine, phenylalanine, tryptophan leucine, lysine, threonine

and valine are an example of which one of the following amino acid?
a) Essential amino
d) None of these
554. Which one of the following is not an essential amino acid?

a) Alanine
b) Lysine
c) Methionine
d) Phenyl alanine
555. In past, which of the following member of vit.-B complex was known by the
vitamin G?
a) Thiamine
b) Riboflavin
c) Niacin
d) None of these
556. In living matter, mineral elements are present in a number of different states,
except?
a) As inorganic compounds
b) As bind ions in body fluids
c) As free ions in body fluids
d) Combined with organic compounds
557. Approximately ______ of the body‘s calcium and ______ of its phosphorus
are in the hard mineral component of bone.
a) 99%
b) 85%
c) 99% and 85%
d) 85% and 99%
558. Which one of the following is used as anti-caking agents?

a) Calcium carbonate
b) Calcium phosphate
c) Calcium propionate
d) Calcium silicate
559. A patient has hemolytic anemia as a result of eating fava beans. Which one of
the following enzyme deficiency would the patient have?
a) 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase
b) Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
c) Glucose-6-phosphate phosphatase
d) Phosphofructoisomerase
560. A patient has hemolytic anemia as a result of eating fava beans. Which one of
the following compound deficiency would the patient have?
a) FAD
b) NADH
c) NADPH
d) None of these
561. Which of the following are incorporated into the bone mineral to form the
partly amorphous and partly crystalline structure of bone?
A. Calcium and Fluoride
B. Iodine and Molybdenum
C. Phosphorus and Potassium
D. Sodium and Magnesium
a) A, B and C
b) B, C and D
c) A, C and D
d) A, B and D
562. In contrast to calcium in the skeleton, the element _______ occurs almost
entirely as part of co-ordination compounds based on the porphyrin nucleus involved
in the transport of oxygen.
a) Iron (Fe)
b) Magnesium (Mg)
c) Potassium (K)
d) Sodium (Na)
563. Which one of the following mineral elements is not known as the structural
components in bones and teeth?
a) Calcium
b) Magnesium
c) Phosphate
d) Potassium
564. Hydrophilic amino acid having a hydrophilic side chain e.g. which of the
following, except?
a) Cysteine
b) Methionine
c) Serine
d) Threonine
565. Example of Hydrophilic amino acid is which one of the following?

a) Alanine
b) Asparagine
c) Glutamine
d) Tyrosine
566. Goitrogens anti-nutrients found in which one of the following food crops?
a) Lathyrus pea
b) Peanuts
c) Soybeans
d) Both b) and c)
567. Which one of the following is a correct match regarding in organic

combinations of elements as their physiologically important compounds?
1. Phosphorus I. Carbonic anhydrase enzymes
2. Zinc II. Nucelotides
3. Iodine III. Thyroidd hormone
a) 1-i, 2-ii, 3-iii
b) 1-ii, 2-i, 3-iii
c) 1-iii, 2-i, 3-ii
d) 1-iii, 2-ii, 3-i
568. Which one of the following mineral elements is in solution in body fluids to
maintain pH, help conduct nerve impulses, control muscle contraction etc.?
A. Sodium
B. Potassium
C. Phosphorus
D. Molybdenum
E. Magnesium
a) B and A
b) B and C
c) B and D
d) B and E
569. The macrominerals are mainly involved in functions of all the following,
except?
A. As structural components
B. Help conduct nerve impulses
C. In organic combinations as physiologically important compounds
D. In solution in body fluids to maintain pH
a) Only A
b) Only B
c) Only C
d) A, C and D
570. Which one of the following anti-nutrients in food interferes with the utilization
of iodine by the thyroid gland?
a) Favism factor
b) Goitrogens
c) Lathyrogenic
d) None of these
571. In food causes the breakdown of red blood cells in susceptible individuals is by
which one of the following anti-nutrients?
a) Favism factor
b) Goitrogens
c) Lathyrogenic
d) None of these
572. The SNF of standard milk should be as which one of the following?
a) 8.5%
b) 7.2%
c) 6.5%
d) 5.2%
573. The microminerals are mainly involved in functions of which one among the
following?
A. As structural components
B. In organic combinations as physiologically important compounds
C. In solution in body fluids to maintain pH
D. Control muscle contraction
a) Only A
b) Only B
c) Only C
d) A, C and D
574. The absorption of which one of the following mineral elements can be
inhibited by the phytic acid and phytates in cereals?
a) Iron
b) Magnesium
c) Zinc
d) Both a) and c)
575. Iodine absorption can be limited by which one of the following type of
compounds?
a) K-containing
b) N-containing
c) P-containing
d) S-containing
576. Amino acid can be biosynthesized in adequate amounts within the body; there
is no need to provide through diet is known as which one of the following?
a) Essential amino
d) None of these
577. Alanine, cysteine, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, proline, asparagine,

aspartic acid, serine and tyrosine are an example of which one of the following amino
acid?
a) Essential amino
d) None of these
578. Goitrogens is known as ___________________ compounds.

a) K-containing
b) N-containing
c) P-containing
d) S-containing
579. Goitrogens which occur in which of the following plants?

a) Apple
b) Brassicae
c) Cassava
d) Both b) and c)
580. A deficiency of iodine can lead to _____________ when the body tries to
compensate for a low production of the iodine-containing thyroid hormone by
increasing the size of the thyroid gland.
a) Anaemia
b) Goiter
c) Goitrogens
d) Both b) and c)
581. Chose the correct statements about ―glucose uptake by liver cells‖
A. A saturable process
B. Energy-consuming
C. Insulin-dependent
D. Insulin-independent
a) Only B
b) Only C
c) Only D
d) C and D
582. Which one of the following is the period of human embryo?

a) 1 – 8 weeks
b) 2 – 4 weeks
c) 2 – 6 weeks
d) 2 – 8 weeks
583. Inadequate ____________ may result in growth failure in children.

a) Calcium
b) Iodine
c) Iron
d) Zinc
584. Nausea can be caused by a high intake of ___________.

a) Calcium
b) Iodine
c) Iron
d) Zinc
585. Green vegetables are good source of which of the following minerals?
A. Calcium (Ca)
B. Cupper (Cu)
C. Iron (Fe)
D. Magnesium (Mg)
E. Zinc (Zn)
a) A, B and C
b) B, C and D
c) C, D and E
d) Only A and C
586. Which one of the following is an emulsifying agent that found in food?
a) Caffeine
b) Gluten
c) Lecithin
d) Trypsin
587. Which one of the following is an isoelectric point of milk?

a) 4.6
b) 5.2
c) 5.6
d) 6.6
588. An inadequate intake of iron can cause which of the following disease?
a) Anaemia
b) Goiter
c) Siderosis
d) Both a) and c)
Note: A condition known as siderosis, in which an excess of iron is deposited in
the body,
589. Calcium required by a child is proportionally __________ than for an adult.

a) Greater
b) Lower
c) Equal
d) None of these
590. Osteoporosis is a condition in which deterioration of bone structure with

enhanced bone fragility and increased risk of fracture. Which one of the following
vitamin may play a role in osteoporosis?
a) Vitamin B complex
b) Vitamin D
c) Vitamin E
d) Vitamin K
591. The sulfur-containing amino acids are generally considered to be nonpolar and
hydrophobic in nature. Which one of the following is an example of sulphur
containing amino acid?
a) Lysine
b) Methionine
c) Phenyl alanine
d) Valine
592. There are the four common sulphur containing amino acids in which only two
are incorporated into proteins. Which one of the following is not an example of
sulphur containing amino acid?
a) Lysine
b) Homocysteine
c) Taurine
d) Both a) and c)
593. Processed milk is often an excellent source of __________ because of the

presence of residual __________ containing compounds used to sterilize dairy
equipment.
a) Calcium
b) Iodine
c) Iron
d) None of these
594. Which of the following is a not mineral supplement?

A. Calcium carbonate
B. Ferrous sulphate
C. Selenium yeast
D. Zinc gluconate
a) Only C
b) A and C
c) A and D
d) None of these
595. Which of the following is/are true statements for calcium?

A. Milk and dairy products are the major sources
B. Over 99% of body‘s calcium is in the skeleton
C. Provides structural support to body
D. Serves as a reservoir for maintaining plasma levels
E. To be absorbed must be in the soluble ionic form
a) A, B and C
b) A, B. C and D
c) A, B, C and E
d) All of the above
596. A mould inhibitor contains chemicals that keep mold from growing on a
variety of building surfaces and food products. Which one of the following is mould
inhibitor used in the preparation of bread?
a) Calcium Carbonate
b) Sodium and calcium propionate
c) Sodium chloride
597. In soyabean, what amounts of protein content?

a) 30%
b) 40%
c) 50%
d) 60%
598. Which one of the following is the major protein found in milk?
a) Albumin
b) Casein
c) Gliadin
d) Myoglobin
599. Calcium in plasma plays a number of roles. To maintain all the following
roles, calcium levels in the plasma must be very stable, except?
a) Blood coagulation
b) Help conduct nerve impulses
c) In muscle contraction
d) Neuromuscular function
600. Iron is a component of haemoglobin, the red pigment of blood and myoglobin
in muscle. It absorbed from the intestine into the blood. Except which of the following
are associated with iron?
A. Cofactor in many enzymes
B. Deficiency caused anaemia
C. Functions in oxygen transport
D. Have important role in the immune system
E. Provides structural support
a) Only E
b) A and D
c) A and E
d) D and E
601. Too much sodium in the diet may be associated with which of the following?
a) Decreased work capacity
b) High blood pressure
c) Increased risk of a stroke
d) Both b) and c)
602. Which one of the following is stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles, also
stored as adipose tissue?
a) Fructose
b) Glucose
c) Hexose
d) Both b) and c)
603. β-oxidation of fatty acids is the process by which fatty acid molecules are
_____________ in the mitochondria to generate acetyl-coA, which enters the citric
acid cycle?
a) Broken-down
b) Decomposed
c) Synthesized
d) Both a) and b)
604. Which one of the following is the most common dietary fat?
a) Diglyceride
b) Monoglyceride
c) Triglyceride
d) None of these
605. The functional consequences of iron deficiency is all of the following, except?
a) Increased risk of a stroke
b) Decreased work capacity
c) Fall in intellectual performance
d) Reduction in immune function
606. A high intake of ________ can be a serious problem for persons with the
hereditary disorder of haemochromatosis.
a) Cupper
b) Iron
c) Zinc
d) None of these
607. Which among the following mineral is/are an essential component of more
than 200 enzymes in the living world, of which as many as 50 play important
metabolic roles in animals?
A. Iron (Fe)
B. Magnesium (Mg)
C. Magnesia (Mn)
D. Molybdenum (Mo)
E. Zinc (Zn)
a) Only E
b) A and B
c) A, C and D
d) A, C, D and E
608. Which one of the following is/are the determining factors of the amount of
carbohydrates needed for a person?
a) Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
b) Body Mass Index (BMI)
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
609. The physical activity of a person increases the need for which one of the
following nutrients?
a) Carbohydrates
b) Fat
c) Protein
d) Both a) and b)
610. Which one of the following is not true about ―the importance of cellulose in
the human diet‖?
a) Facilitate the movement of the food.
b) Increase the rate of metabolism.
c) Muscular wall of the digestive system can push.
d) Provides bulk fiber or roughage.
611. The nutrient which cannot be synthesized by human cells, such as certain
amino acids is called as____________?
a) Essential nutrient
b) Non-essential nutrient
c) Semi-essential nutrient
d) None of these
612. All of the following are true statements, except?

a) Cereals are generally having low amounts of iron and zinc
b) Cereals, vegetables and meat are generally poor sources of iodine
c) Dark green vegetables such as spinach poor in iron and zinc
d) High bioavailability of copper in human milk compared to cow‘s milk
613. Early growth and development of child need which of the following?
a) Calcium
b) Iron
c) Vitamin D
d) Both a) and c)
614. Which of the following is true statement about Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin),
except?
a) Body has no mechanism to control the effects of it‘s deficiency
b) Extremely low toxicity and found to be in animals only
c) No toxic effects have been seen in humans
d) Present in vegetables and fruits
615. Which one of the following are the chemicals used for artificial ripening of
fruits?
1. Ethephon
2. Benzene
3. Methanol
4. Calcium carbide
a) 1 and 2
b) 2 and 3
c) 3 and 4
d) 4 and 1
616. The normal resting state of humans, most of the blood glucose burnt as fuel is
consumed by which of the following part of body?
a) Adipose tissue
b) Brain
c) Kidneys
d) Liver
617. Bitot's spots are located superficially in the conjunctiva, which are oval,
triangular or irregular in shape. These spots are a sign of which one of the following
vitamin deficiency?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin C
c) Vitamin D
d) Vitamin E
618. Which of the following is true statement for Thiamin triphosphate (TTP)?
A. Acts in nerves to activate a chloride ion channel
B. Located in nervous tissues
C. Role in the control of neurological processes
a) Only B
b) Only C
c) A and C
d) All of the above
619. Which of the following is true statement regarding Thiamin, except?

A. Human milk is low source of thiamin
B. Is stable in slightly acidic water up to boiling point
C. Is unstable in alkaline solution
D. Lost during distillation process to produce alcohol
a) Only C
b) B and D
c) A and D
d) None of these
620. Vegetable oils are the major sources of which one of the following?
a) Calciferol
b) Carotenoids
c) Naphthoquinone
d) Tocopherols
621. Identify, which one of the following statements is correct sequence of foods in
decreasing order of vit.-A contents?
a) Liver, Milk, Tomato, Maize
b) Milk, Liver, Maize, Tomato
c) Milk, Tomato, Maize, Liver
d) Tomato, Milk, Liver, Maize

Note: Liver (beef, pork, fish) (6500 μg 722%)), Milk (28 μg 3%), Tomato, Maize
622. Which one of the following essential amino acids is are always required by
infants and growing children?
a) Arginine
b) Histidine
c) Lysine
d) Tryptophan
623. Essential amino acids are "essential" because of which one of the following?
a) Body does not synthesize them
b) More important for protein synthesis
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
624. The principal function of vitamin D is to regulate the metabolism of which of

the following?
a) Calcium
b) Iron
c) Phosphate
d) Both a) and c)
.
625. Which one of the following is/are true statements for Vitamin D, except?
A. Also known as calciferol and the antirachitic vitamin
B. Essential for maintaining the mineral balance of the body
C. Maintains plasma calcium concentrations
D. Stored in various fat depots throughout body because of its lipid nature
a) Only B
b) Only D
c) B and D
d) None of these
626. Absorption is a complex process in the body is under the control of which of
the following _______________ parathyroid hormone system.
a) Cholecalciferol
b) Ergocalciferol
c) Tocopherols
d) None of these
627. A low-protein diet is often prescribed to people with which one of the
following diseases?
a) Kidney disease
b) Liver disease
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
628. Which one of the following is an inherited metabolic disorder in people due to
consumption of low-protein diet?
a) Homocystinuria
b) Phenylketonuria
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
629. Which one of the following is Recommended Allowance of Folic Acid for
pregnant woman from fortified foods and/or supplements in addition to folic acid from
a varied diet?
a) 100 micrograms (μg) per day
b) 300 micrograms (μg) per day
c) 400 micrograms (μg) per day
d) 500 micrograms (μg) per day
630. Cereals are rich sources of nutrients. Which one of the following is correct
combination in an order to providing nutrients by them?
1. Energy
2. Iodine
3. Protein
4. Vitamin A
a) 1, 2, 4 are correct
b) 1 and 3 are correct
c) 2 and 4 are correct
d) 1 and 4 are correct
631. All of the following statements are true, except?

A. Calcium absorption will be restricted due to low level of vitamin D
B. High levels of pantothenic acid are found in royal bee jelly (511µg/g)
C. Most biologically active form of calciferol is Calcidiol (25(OH)D)
D. Pregnancy is associated with increased folate catabolism
E. Tetrahydrofolate (THF) is main naturally occurring form of folate
a) Only B
b) Only C
c) B and E
d) D and C
Note: Most biologically active form of calciferol is Calcitriol (1,25-
dihydroxycholecalciferol or 1,25(OH)2D).
632. Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) found in _____________, is synthesized

from viosterol, which in turn is activated when ultraviolet light stimulates ergosterol.
a) Bacteria
b) Fungi
c) Human
d) Plant
633. Which one of the following is true statements regarding riboflavin?

A. FMN and FAD are two coenzyme forms of riboflavin in tissues
B. Cereals are often a poor source of riboflavin
C. Riboflavin is heat-stable, so losses through cooking
a) Only A
b) Only B
c) A and C
d) A, B and C
634. Bitot spot is greyish glistening white plaques, formed of desquamated

thickened conjuctival epithelium, usually triangular in shape and firmly adhering to
the conjuctiva. This is an indicator of which one of the following?
a) Ascorbic Acid Deficiency
b) IDA
c) IDD
d) VAD
635. Which one of the following is the growth dimension that is most affected by
Intra-Uterine Growth Retardation (IUGR)?
a) Height
b) Mental Skills
c) Motor Skills
d) Weight
636. All statements are true, except which of the following?

A. Complex carbohydrates do adversely affect the risk for CVD
B. Dairy products are generally an excellent source of Ca and Fe
C. Most ready-to-eat breakfast cereals are enriched with Fe and Zn
D. Red meat such as liver is best dietary sources of easily absorbed Fe
E. Richest sources of dietary Fe is animal products e.g. red meat
F. Tea is a major source of manganese
a) Only A
b) Only B
c) Only C
d) D, E and E
637. Achromobacter microorganisms are associated with which one of the

following is a source?
a) Bread spp.
b) Meat scytonema
c) Milk and Cheese products
d) Water supply
638. Mental Retardation is an indicator of deficiency of which one of the following?

a) Calcium
b) Iodine
c) Iron
d) Vit.- A
639. Linoleic and -Linolenic fatty acid are essential fatty acid and both are
polyunsaturated, formerly collectively known as which one of the following vitamin?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin D
c) Vitamin E
d) Vitamin F
640. If food with low pH value is readily susceptible, microbes ___________ is

well known for attacked?
a) Bacteria
b) Fungi
c) Protozoans
d) Yeast
641. Which of the following is an -3 (omega 3) fatty acid?

a) -Linolenic acid
b) Arachadonic acid
c) Linoleic acid
d) Oleic acid

a) -Linolenic acid
b) Arachadonic acid
c) Linoleic acid
d) Both b) and c)
643. Which one of the following parameter is associated to keeping quality of food?
a) Water activity
b) Temperature
c) pH
d) Moisture

a) Erucic acid
b) Oleic acid
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
645. The food item, ___________ is known for acting as a good buffering agent?
a) Soft drinks
b) Sauerkraut
c) Milk
d) Fruit juice
646. Vanaspati is an adulterant in which one of the following?

a) Ghee and butter
b) Haldi
c) Malt
d) Saffron
647. Rh incompatibility is a condition that occurs during pregnancy if a mother and

her baby (fetus) blood of which one of the following, respectively?
a) Mother has Rh +ve and Baby has Rh +ve
b) Mother has Rh +ve and Baby has Rh –ve
c) Mother has Rh –ve and Baby has Rh +ve

d) Mother has Rh –ve and Baby has Rh –ve
648. Most spoilage bacteria grow at which one of the following pH?
a) Acidic
b) Alkaline
c) Neutral
d) None of these
649. In the milk, which one of the following vitamins is deficient?

a) Vitamin-A
b) Vitamin-B2
c) Vitamin-C
d) Vitamin-K
650. In the milk, which one of the following mineral is deficient?

a) Iron (Fe)
b) Phosphorus (P)
c) Potassium (K)
d) Sodium (Na)
651. In the egg, which one of the following water soluble vitamin is deficient?
a) Ascrobic acid
b) Cobalamin
c) Ribofalvin
d) Thiamin
652. In the diet, for the absorption of Iron requires which one of the following
nutrients?
a) Fat
b) Iodine
c) Vit.- C
d) Zinc
653. Which one of the following are the best known enhancers of iron absorption in
the body?
a) Ascorbic acid
b) Folic acid
c) Lactoferrin
d) Both a) and c)
654. Which one of the following explain to the ratio of vapour pressure of solution
and vapour pressure of the solvent is expressed by?
a) Water activity
b) Pressure gradient
c) Partial pressure
d) Moisture content
655. Water activity (aw) can act as which one of the following for determining the
likelihood of microbial proliferation?
a) A processing factor
b) An extrinsic factor
c) An intrinsic factor
d) All of the above
656. _____ is the water activity (aw) of pure water.

a) 0
b) 0.5
c) 0.99
d) 1.0
657. Which one of the following is considerable with fiber diet, except?
a) Minimum intake 5g/day for healthy adults
b) Protect against overweight
c) Reduce cholesterol
d) Reduce risk of diabetes
Note: The AND (Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, previously ADA) recommends
a minimum of 20–35 g/day for a healthy adult while 18 g/day a minimum fiber intake
recommended by the British Nutrition Foundation for healthy adults.
658. Choose the correct option regarding the absorption of glucose in the digestive
tract?
A. Is impaired in cases of diabetes mellitus
B. Is stimulated by the hormone Glucagon
C. Occurs in the small intestine
D. Occurs more rapidly than the absorption of any other sugar
a) Only C
b) A and B
c) C and D
d) A, B and D
659. Spirulina are very important as food as medicine, belongs to

________________ family.
a) Xanthophyceae
b) Rhodophyceae
c) Pheophyceae
d) Cyanophyceae
660. The diets naturally high in fiber can be considered to bring which one of the
following physiological consequences?
a) Improvements in the insulin response
b) Improvements in gastrointestinal health
c) Improvements in glucose tolerance
d) Improvements in the constipation
Note: Fiber diets always help to prevent constipation.
661. In the reduction of which one of the following physiological consequences, a

high fiber diets is not important?
a) Reduces the risk of colon cancer
b) Reduction of hemochromatosis
c) Reduction of hypertension
d) Reduction of hyperlipidemia
Note: Hemochromatosis is a physiological disease of iron (a mineral) absorption and
storage.
662. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) may not be determined from one among the
following?
a) Amount of vitamin needed for a person
b) CO2 and urinary nitrogen excretion
c) From the heat production in the person.
d) Oxygen consumption
663. Due to which one of the following reason salt and sugar preserves to the
foods?
a) Produce a hypotonic environment
b) Produce a hypertonic environment
c) Make them acid
d) Deplete nutrients
664. Our body requires six classes of essential nutrients viz. proteins, fats,
carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, and water. Out of them, which one of the following
nutrients supplies 9 calories per gram of energy?
a) Carbohydrate
b) Fat
c) Protein
d) Both a) and c)
665. The energy, 4 calories per gram is supplied through which one of the following
nutrients?
a) Carbohydrate
b) Fat
c) Protein
d) Both a) and c)
666. Alcohol, though not an essential nutrient, also supplies energy, providing how
much amounts of calories per gram?
a) 4 calories per gram
b) 7 calories per gram
c) 8 calories per gram
d) 9 calories per gram
667. In both Type I and Type II diabetics, the insulin to glucagon ratio is low as it
usually. Which of the following would you expect during and immediately after a high
carbohydrate meal?
a) Storage of glucose in muscle and liver to be greater than normal
b) Storage of glucose in muscle and liver to be less than normal

c) Storage of glucose in muscle to be less than normal for type 1 patients but
normal for type 2 patients
d) Storage of glucose in muscle to be less than normal for type 2 patients but
normal for type 1 patients
668. Water provides medium for chemical reactions, transports chemicals, regulate
temperature, remove waste products and many more function in our body. They make
up how much % of body weight?
a) 40–50%
b) 50–60%
c) 60–70%
d) 70–80%
669. Water activity (aw) value of chocolate and confectionary items are ranging between
which of the following?
a) 0.95-0.99
b) 0.8-0.9
c) 0.5-0.6
d) 0.2-0.3
670. Proteins are an essential nutrients and important part for which one of the
following?
a) Blood
b) Cell membranes
c) Enzymes and Hormones
d) All of the above
671. Adequate daily intake of protein for an adult is __________________ of body

weight?
a) 0.6 gram per kilogram
b) 0.7 gram per kilogram
c) 0.8 gram per kilogram
d) 0.9 gram per kilogram
672. Which one of the following are two fatty acids known as an essential
component of the diet, they are key regulators of body functions as the maintenance of
blood pressure and the progress of a healthy pregnancy?
a) Arachidic acid and Palmitoleic acid
b) Erucic acid and Oleic acid
c) Linoleic acid and -linolenic acid
d) Palmitic acid and Stearic acid
673. Enzymes __________ is used in alcoholic fermentation.

a) Zymase
b) Peroxidase
c) Oxidase
d) Ketolase
674. To meet the body‘s need for essential fats, an adult man need about ________
and ________ per day of linoleic acid and -linolenic acid, respectively?
a) 12 grams and 1.1 grams
b) 12 grams and 1.6 grams
c) 17 grams and 1.1 grams
d) 17 grams and 1.6 grams
675. To meet the body‘s need for essential fats, an adult woman need about
________ and ________ per day of linoleic acid and -linolenic acid, respectively?
a) 12 grams and 1.1 grams
b) 12 grams and 1.6 grams
c) 17 grams and 1.1 grams
d) 17 grams and 1.6 grams
676. Liquid food, ______________ is likely to have lower freezing point and lower
vapour pressure?
a) Salt solution
b) Pure water
c) Orange juice
d) Milk
677. An adult men and woman‘s body need 56 grams and 46 grams per day of
which one of the following essential nutrients? To meet the body‘s need for fats,
a) Carbohydrate
b) Fat
c) Protein
d) None of these
678. To measure water activity (aw) of a solution, which one of the following
methods can be used?
a) Manometric point
b) Freezing point determination
c) Electrical devices
d) All of the above
679. What is the amount of total glycogen content in body?

a) 100 gms
b) 200 gms
c) 300 gms
d) 500gms
680. What is the amount of total Glucose content in body?

a) 10–15 gms
b) 20–30 gms
c) 40–50 gms
d) 60–80 gms
681. Which one of the following essential nutrients needs 130 grams per day to
meet the body‘s requirement of an adult men and women?
a) Carbohydrate
b) Fat
c) Protein
d) None of these
682. Fruits, vegetables, and whole grains are excellent sources of which one of the
following nutrients?
a) Carbohydrate and Fat
b) Carbohydrate and Fiber
c) Fat and Protein
d) Protein and Vitamin
683. For the industrial production of alchohol, ___________ yeast is used as starter
culture?
a) Top
b) Middle
c) Feeder
d) Bottom
684. To reduce the risk of chronic disease and maintain intestinal health, the Food
and Nutrition Board recommends a daily fiber intake of ________ and ________
grams for adult men and women, respectively.
a) 38 grams
b) 25 grams
c) 25 grams and 38 grams
d) 38 grams and 25 grams
685. Humans need how many numbers of vitamins, out of them, four are fat-soluble
and others are water-soluble including vitamin-C and vitamins B-complex?
a) 12 vitamins
b) 13 vitamins
c) 14 vitamins
d) None of these
686. Which one of the following vitamins is known as an antioxidants, except?

a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin C
c) Vitamin D
d) Vitamin E
687. Allyl sulfides appear to boost the activity of cancer-fighting immune cells,
found in which one of the following food crops?
a) Broccoli
b) Garlic
c) Onions
d) Both b) and c)
688. Sulforaphane is a phytochemicals found in which one of the following food

crops?
a) Broccoli
b) Garlic
c) Onions
d) Both b) and c)
689. Which one of the following vitamin is a chief sources are fortified foods
especially milk and yogurt?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin B Complex
c) Vitamin D
d) Vitamin K
690. Building Healthy Eating Patterns (BHEP) is related to which one of the
following to incorporate the recommendations of the 2010 Dietary Guidelines?
a) Consider food cost and availability
b) Meet nutrient needs and stay within calorie limits
c) Accommodate cultural, ethnic, traditional, and personal preferences
d) All of the above
691. Which one of the following vitamins synthesized in our body?

a) Vitamin-A
b) Vitamin-D
c) Vitamin-E
d) Vitamin-K
692. May be low in one or more amino acids; amino acid pattern is very different
from humans is known as which one of the following?
a) Complete protein
b) Essential amino acid
c) Incomplete protein
d) Limiting amino acid
693. Contains all essential amino acids in ample amounts; amino acid pattern is
very similar to humans is known as which one of the following?
a) Complete protein
694. The essential amino acid(s) that are in the smallest supply in the food is known
as which one of the following?
a) Complete protein
695. Vegetables are an important component of a healthy diet, providing many

essential nutrients. Which one of the following is limiting amino acid vegetables?
a) Cysteine
b) Lysine
c) Methionine
d) Threonine
696. Well known limiting amino acid in corns is which one of the following,
except?
a) Lysine
b) Methionine
c) Threonine
d) Tryptophan
697. Which one of the following amino acids is well known limiting amino acid in
peanuts, except?
a) Lysine
b) Methionine
c) Tryptophan
d) Threonine
698. The limiting amino acid in nuts is which one of the following?
a) Cysteine
b) Lysine
c) Methionine
d) Threonine
699. Which one of the following amino acids is well known limiting amino acid in
rice?
a) Lysine
b) Phenylalanine
c) Tyrosine
d) None of these
700. The requirement of proteins should be _________________ when net protein

utilization (NPU) is low?
a) Low amounts
b) Moderate amounts
c) High amounts
d) Supplementary amounts
701. In cereals/grains foods, which one of the following is limiting amino acids?
a) Cysteine and Methionine
c) Methionine and Cysteine
d) Tryptophan and Lysine
702. Generally, pulses are deficient in which one of the following amino acids?
a) Lysine
b) Methionine
c) Tryptophan
d) Both b) and c)
703. Pulses are rich source of which one of the following amino acids?
a) Lysine
b) Methionine
c) Phenylalanine
d) Tryptophan
704. Erucic acid is a monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid, which one of the
following crops have high amount of erucic acid?
a) Cabbage
b) Cauliflower
c) Rapeseed
d) Sunflower
705. Sunflower is a good source of fatty acids, except which one of the following?
a) Erucic acid
b) Linoleic acid
c) Oleic acid
d) Palmitic acid
706. Which one of the following is limiting amino acids legume foods?
a) Cysteine and Methionine
c) Methionine and Cysteine
d) Tryptophan and Lysine
707. Which one of the following polysaccharide carbohydrates are rich in dietary
fibres?
a) Cellulose
b) Glycogen
c) Proteoglycans
d) Starch
708. Which one of the following crops are the minimum sources of dietary fibres?
a) Bran
b) Cornflakes
c) Dried apricot
d) Peas
709. Glucose absorption may be decreased in which of the following disease?

a) Nephritis
b) Oedema
c) Osteomalitis
d) Rickets
710. Binds to bile acids and certain lipids to help lower blood cholesterol levels,
metabolized to short-chain fatty acids in the gut, which may play a role in signaling
hepatic slowed cholesterol production is the functions of which one of the following
types of dietary fiber?
a) Cellulose
b) Gums
c) Pectin
d) Both b) and c)
711. Increases stool bulk and water absorption, decreases transit time through the
GI system is the functions of which one of the following fiber, except?
a) Cellulose
b) Hemicellulose
c) Lignin
d) Pectin
712. Which one of the following is/are deficiency symptom of vitamin D?

a) Osteomalacia
b) Rickets
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
Note: Osteomalacia (in adults) and Rickets (in childrens), both are deficiency
symptom of vitamin D.
713. Which one of the following is the primary reason for blanching food?
a) Cleans the food
b) Prevents pest infestation
c) Inactivates enzymes in food
d) Prevents food from drying
714. Colostrum contains lower amounts of which one of the following nutrients?
a) Carbohydrates
b) Lipids
c) Proteins
d) Both a) and b)
715. Which one of the following fat soluble vitamins is also known as 7 - Dehydro
Cholestrol name?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin D
c) Vitamin E
d) Vitamin K
716. Haemorrhagic conditions appears due to deficiency of Which one of the

following fate soluble vitamins?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin D
c) Vitamin E
d) Vitamin K
717. Deficiency diseases are caused by the lack of some particular nutrient in a
person's diet. Which of the following diseases are an example of deficiency diseases,
except?
1. Anorexia Nervosa
2. Dyslipidemia
3. Keratomalacia
4. Osteomalacia
5. Xerophthalmia
a) 5 and 4
b) 5 and 2
c) 2 and 1
d) 3 and 1
Note: Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that makes people lose more
weight than is considered healthy for their age and height. Dyslipidemia is an
abnormal amount of lipids (e.g. cholesterol and/or fat) in the
blood. Keratomalacia is an eye disorder that results from Vitamin A
deficiency. Osteomalacia signs as diffuse body pains, muscle weakness, and
fragility of the bones, results from deficiency in vitamin D. Xerophthalmia is a
condition in which the eye fails to produce tears, caused by Vitamin A
deficiency.
718. Which one of the following are the symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus?
1. Edema
2. Glycosuria
3. Hypoglycaemia
4. Polyphagia
5. Polyuria
6. Taste acuity
a) 3, 4 and 1
b) 4, 3 and 2
c) 5, 2 and 4
d) 6, 4 and 2
Note: The classic symptoms of untreated diabetes are weight
loss, glycosuria or glucosuria (excretion of glucose into the urine),
polyphagia (increased hunger), polyuria (frequent urination)
and polydipsia (increased thirst).
719. A food guide pyramid is a guide of healthy foods divided into sections to show
the recommended intake for each food group. You should eat the most servings a day
from which of the following food groups, according to the Food Guide Pyramid?
a) Bread, cereal, rice, and pasta
b) Meat, poultry, fish, and beans
c) Milk, yogurt, and cheese
d) Vegetables
720. For strengthening muscles, bones, and teeth, which of the following nutrients
is responsible?
a) Fats
b) Lactose
c) Minerals
d) Vitamins
721. Which one of the following foods contains unsaturated fat?

a) Butter
b) Cheese
c) Olive oil
d) Steak
722. Which one of the following statements is correct about functional foods?
a) Available only from animal food sources
b) Contain one main functional ingredient
c) Provide health benefits beyond those supplied by the traditional nutrients
d) Rich sources of vitamins, therefore very functional
723. The set for nutrients for which, there are not enough research to establish an
RDA is known as which one of the following?
a) Adequate Intake (AI)
b) Daily Reference Intakes (DRI)
c) Daily Values (DV)
d) Tolerable Upper Levels (UL)
724. The vitamin or mineral content of a food, compared to its contribution in total
calories is called as which one of the following?
a) Caloric density
b) Natural density
c) Nutrient density
d) Standard of identity
725. In food, a measurement of the average calories per weight (gram or ounce) of
that food in known as which one of the following?
a) Caloric density
b) Energy density
c) Nutrient density
d) Both a) and b)
726. Consume foods have the most nutrients for their calories is related with which
one of the following concepts?
a) Concept of caloric density
b) Concept of low energy dense foods
c) Critical concept of nutrient density
d) Both a) and c)
727. Which one of the following concepts explains to ―eating foods that weigh a lot
but contribute few calories‖?
a) Concept of caloric density
b) Concept of low energy dense foods
c) Critical concept of nutrient density
d) Both a) and b)
728. Which one of the following deficiency diseases occurs in young children who
do not get sufficient protein in their diet?
a) Kwashiorkor
b) Night blindness
c) Pellagra
d) Rickets
729. During moist heat cooking of meat, gelatine (a translucent, colorless, brittle,
flavorless solid substance) is produced from which one of the following proteins?
a) Collagen
b) Elastin
c) Myoglobin
d) Myosin
730. In the diet of a diabetic patient, _____________________ form of the

carbohydrate intake should preferably be recommended.
a) Monosaccharides
b) Dissaccharides
c) Polysaccharides
d) All of these
731. Which part of a wheat grain is relatively high in vitamin B complex?

a) Aleurone layer
b) Bran
c) Endosperm
d) Germ
732. Which one of the following is a natural component present in canola oil that
prevents to the rancidity?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin C
c) Vitamin D
d) Vitamin E
733. Glutelin is a simple, globular protein of plant origin that is insoluble in water,
alcohol, or salt solutions, but is soluble in dilute solutions of acids or bases. This
protein presents in which one of the following food items?
a) Cereals
b) Eggs
c) Meat
d) Milk
734. Which one of the following is the amount of protein occurs in soybean food?
a) 30%
b) 40%
c) 50%
d) 60%
735. Gluten is derived from which one of the following plant sources?
a) Corn
b) Rice
c) Soya
d) Wheat
736. Mayonnaise is a Spanish sauce a stable emulsion of oil, egg yolks and either
vinegar or lemon juice, with many options for embellishment with other herbs and
spices, often used as a condiment. Which one of the following emulsifier is used in
mayonnaise?
a) Cellulose
b) Lecithin
c) Myoglobin
d) Soya protein
737. Gluten Free Diet (GFD) is given to patients with which one of the following
diseases?
a) Celiac Disease
b) Crohn‘s Disease
c) Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD)
d) Liver Disease
738. Tube feeding is also known as which one of the following types of nutrition?
a) Enteral nutrition
b) Parental nutrition
c) Supplemental nutrition
d) Total parental nutrition
739. Which one of the following is an enzyme responsible for digestibility of fats in
human body?
a) Amylase
b) Lipase
c) Protease
d) Renin
Note: In the human digestive system, food enters the mouth and mechanical
digestion of the food starts, and the wetting contact of saliva. Saliva, a liquid
secreted by the salivary glands, contains salivary amylase, an enzyme which starts
the digestion of starch in the food.
740. Which of the following foods do not contain gluten and is acceptable for
patients with celiac disease to consume?
1. Corn flour
2. Gram flour
3. Rice flour
4. Wheat flour
a) 1, 2, 3 are correct
b) 1, 2, 4 are correct
c) 1, 3, 4 are correct
d) 2, 3, 4 are correct
741. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is synthesized and secreted from which one of
the following?
a) Kidneys
b) Liver
c) Muscles
d) Pancreas
742. Which one of the following food is a rich source of retinol?

a) Milk
b) Carrot
c) Spinach
d) Soyabean
743. The homogenization of milk is done with an objective to which one of the
following?
a) To destroy pathogen
b) To disperse fat molecules
c) To enhance nutritive quality
d) To help making cheese
744. Which of the following is a heteroglycan?

a) Agar
b) Chitin
c) Dextrins
d) Inulin
745. Major source of energy for the body is which one of the following?
a) Protein
b) Glucose
c) Fat
d) All of the above
746. Fumigation of eggs is done with which one of the following chemicals?
a) Salicylate
b) Ethylene oxide
c) Borates
d) Sulpher dioxide
747. Sulphiting of fruits and vegetables before drying helps to conserve which one
of the following nutrients?
a) Vitamin K
b) Iron
c) Vitamin C
d) Potassium
748. Urine contains which one of the following sugar in essential pentosuria?
a) D-Ribose
b) D-Xylose
c) D-Xylulose
d) L-Xylulose
749. In glycogenesis, glucose is converted to which one among following?

a) Glucuronic acid
b) Pyruvic acid
c) Sorbitol
d) UDP glucose
750. In gluconeogenesis, the rate limiting enzyme is which one of the following?
a) Pyruvate kinase
b) Pyruvate carboxylase
c) Phsophofructokinase
d) Hexokinase
751. Gluconeogenesis is a term which defines to

A. Conversion of alanine to carbohydrate
B. Conversion of alanine to glucose
C. Synthesis of Glucose from amino acids
a) Only B
b) Only C
c) A and B
d) A, B and C
752. The S.N.F. of standard milk should be as which one of the following?
a) 5.2%
b) 6.5%
c) 7.2%
d) 8.5%
753. HDL is synthesized and secreted from which one of the following part of
body?
a) Kidneys
b) Liver
c) Muscles
d) Pancreas
754. Amylose and Amylopectin are the component of starch. They are made up by
the unit of which one of the following sugar?
a) Fructose
b) Galactose
c) Glucose
d) Both b) and c)
755. Isoelectric point at which maximum coagulation of milk protein takes place?
a) 4.2 pH
b) 4.6 pH
c) 5.4 pH
d) 6.6 pH
Note: The isoelectric point of casein is 4.6. Since milk's pH is 6.6, casein has a
negative charge in milk.
756. Which one of the following is recommended Iron and folic acid requirement
for a pregnant woman?
a) 30 mgm and 200 μgm/day
b) 32 mgm and 250 μgm/day
c) 35 mgm and 300 μgm/day
d) 38 mgm and 400 μgm/day
Note: Suggested scheme for daily iron and folic acid supplementation in pregnant
women is Iron: 30–60 mg of elemental iron; Folic acid: 400 µg (0.4 mg)
757. Which among the following are neutral colors?

1. Black
2. Green
3. Red
4. White
a) 1 and 2 are correct
b) 1 and 3 are correct
c) 1 and 4 are correct
d) 1, 2 and 3 are correct
Note: Neutral usually means without color. Neutral colors such as beige, ivory, taupe,
black, gray, and white appear to be without color, and yet in many applications these
hues often have undertones of color. Be aware of these underlying tones as you match
colors or choose paint. For example, beige might have an undertone of pink or tan or
gold. White might be slightly ivory, yellow, bluish, or peachy.
758. Anemia caused by Vitamin B-12 deficiency is:

a) Megaloblastic
b) Pernicious
c) Sickle cell
d) All the above
759. The carbohydrate sugar found only in milk?

a) Galactose
b) Glucose
c) Lactose
d) Maltose
760. Which of the following part of the body used to the ketone bodies as a fuel
during starvation?
a) Brain
b) Erythrocytes
c) Liver
d) All of the above
761. What happens after ingestion of a high carbohydrate meal in our body?
a) Glucose uptake and utilization by adipose tissue is impaired
b) Glucose uptake by the brain is increased
c) Glycogen degradation is increased

d) Glycolysis in the liver is decreased
762. A sugar molecule contains an anomeric carbon atom that is not in a glycosidic
bond is termed as:
a) Acetal
b) Monosaccharide
c) Reducing sugar
d) Non-reducing sugar
763. For the conversion of Glucose to Glycogen in liver, which one of the following
is essential?
a) CTP
b) GTP
c) Lactic acid
d) UTP
764. In diabetes mellitus, which one of the following metabolic abnormalities does
not occur?
a) Increased pyruvate carboxylase activate
b) Decreased gluconeogenesis
c) Decreased lipogenesis
d) Increased plasma FFA
765. Obesity increases to the risk of which among the following?

a) Cardiovascular disease
c) Hypertension
d) All of the above
766. Which of the following is correct match?

1. Anaemia i. Act as antioxidant and pro-oxidant
2. Cholecalciferol ii. Animal origin form of vitamin D3
3. Ergocalciferol iii. Anti-infective vitamin
4. Osteoporosis iv. Failure of body to produce new blood cell
5. Vitamin A v. Loss of bone tissue from the skeleton
6. Vitamin C vi. Plant origin form of vitamin D2
a) 1-iv, 2-ii, 3-vi, 4-v, 5-iii, 6-i
b) 1-iv, 2-ii, 3-vi, 4-v, 5-i, 6-iii
c) 1-iv, 2-vi, 3-ii, 4-v, 5-iii, 6-i
d) 1-i, 2-ii, 3-vi, 4-iv, 5-iii, 6-i
767. Which one of the following calculated energy value is correct with their
respective?
1. Alcohol i. 3 kcal/g
2. Carbohydrate ii. 4 kcal/g
3. Fat iii. 7 kcal/g
4. Organic acid iv. 9 kcal/g
a) 1-i, 2-ii, 3-iv, 4-iii
b) 1-iii, 2-ii, 3-i, 4-iv
c) 1-iii, 2-ii, 3-iv, 4-i

d) 1-iii, 2-iv, 3-i, 4-i
768. Which of the following is correct match?

1. Tomato i. Alkaline phosphatase
2. Meat ii. Gluten
3. Milk iii. Lecithin
4. Egg iv. Lycopene
5. Wheat flour v. Myoglobin
a) 1-ii, 2-v, 3-i, 4-iii, 5-iv
b) 1-iv, 2- iii, 3-i, 4-v, 5-ii
c) 1-iv, 2-i, 3-ii, 4-v, 5-iii
d) 1-iv, 2-v, 3-i, 4-iii, 5-ii
769. Match the following deficiency with their expected disease/cause

Deficiency Expected Disease/Cause
1. Pyruvate kinase i. Cori‘s (glycogen storage disease type III) disease
2. Glucose-6- ii. Hemolytic anemia
phosphatase iii. McArdle‘s disease (glycogen storage disease type
3. -1,4-glucosidase V)
4. Muscle phosphorylase iv. Pompe‘s disease (glycogen storage disease type
5. Debranching enzyme II)
v. Von Gierke‘s disease
a) 1-i, 2-v, 3-iv, 4-iii, 5-ii

b) 1-ii, 2-iii, 3-iv, 4-v, 5-i
c) 1-ii, 2-v, 3-iv, 4-iii, 5-i
d) 1-iii, 2-iv, 3-v, 4-i, 5-ii
770. . Match the following nutrients with their availability in normal body.
1. Protein i. 16–20 %
2. Ash ii. 60–70 %
3. Fat iii. 3–5 %
4. Water iv. 10–12 %
a) 1-i, 2-iii, 3-iv, 4-ii
b) 1-i, 2-iv, 3-iii, 4-ii
c) 1-ii, 2-iii, 3-iv, 4-i
d) 1-iv, 2-ii, 3-iii, 4-i
771. Match the following vitamin with their associated name.

1. Vitamin A i. Ascorbic acid
2. Vitamin C ii. Biotin
3. Vitamin D iii. Carotene
4. Vitamin E iv. Ergocalciferol
5. Vitamin H v. Phylloquinone
6. Vitamin K vi. Tocopherols
a) 1-iii, 2-i, 3-iv, 4-vi, 5-ii, 6-v
b) 1-iii, 2-i, 3-iv, 4-vi, 5-v, 6-ii
c) 1-iii, 2-i, 3-vi, 4-iv, 5-ii, 6-v
d) 1-iii, 2-i, 3-vi, 4-v, 5-ii, 6-iv
772. Match the following vitamins with their deficiency disease.

1. Vitamin A i. Bleeding diathesis
2. Vitamin C ii. Hyperkeratosis and Keratomalacia
3. Vitamin D iii. Osteomalacia
4. Vitamin E iv. Scurvy
5. Vitamin K v. Sterility in males and Abortions in females
a) 1-i, 2-iv, 3-iii, 4-v, 5-ii
b) 1-ii, 2-iv, 3-iii, 4-v, 5-i
c) 1-ii, 2-v, 3-iii, 4-iv, 5-i
d) 1-iv, 2-ii, 3-, 4-iii, 5-v
773. Match the following vit.-B with their associated name.

1. Vitamin B1 i. Niacin
2. Vitamin B2 ii. Pantothenic acid
3. Vitamin B3 iii. Riboflavin
4. Vitamin B5 iv. Thiamin
a) 1-ii, 2-iv, 3-i, 4-iii
b) 1-iv, 2-i, 3-ii, 4-iii
c) 1-iv, 2-iii, 3-i, 4-ii
d) 1-iv, 2-iii, 3-i, 4-ii
774. Match the following vit.-B with their associated name.

1. Vitamin B6 i. Biotin
2. Vitamin B7 ii. Cyanocobalamin
3. Vitamin B9 iii. Folic acid
4. Vitamin B12 iv. Pyridoxal
a) 1-i, 2-iv, 3-iii, 4-ii
b) 1-iv, 2-i, 3-iii, 4-ii
c) 1-iv, 2-i, 3-iv, 4-ii
d) 1-iv, 2-ii, 3-ii, 4-i
775. Match the following vit.-B with their deficiency disease.

1. Vitamin B1 i. Anemia
2. Vitamin B2 ii. Beriberi and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
3. Vitamin B3 iii. Deficiency during pregnancy and defects in birth
4. Vitamin B5 iv. Dermatitis and Enteritis
5. Vitamin B6 v. Glossitis and Angular stomatitis
6. Vitamin B7 vi. Paresthesia
7. Vitamin B9 vii. Pellagra
a) 1-ii, 2-iii, 3-vii, 4-vi, 5-i, 6-iv, 7-v
b) 1-ii, 2-v, 3-i, 4-vi, 5-vii, 6-iv, 7-iii
c) 1-ii, 2-v, 3-vii, 4-iv, 5-i, 6-vi, 7-iii
d) 1-ii, 2-v, 3-vii, 4-vi, 5-i, 6-iv, 7-iii
776. Match the following fatty acids with their source.

1. Arachidonic i. Butter and seed oils
2. Linoleic ii. Cottonseed oil
3. Linolenic iii. Linseed oil

4. Arachidic iv. Peanut oil
5. Palmitoleic v. Soybean
a) 1-i, 2-iii, 3-v, 4-iv, 5-ii
b) 1-ii, 2-iii, 3-iv, 4-v, 5-i
c) 1-ii, 2-iii, 3-v, 4-iv, 5-i
d) 1-ii, 2-v, 3-iii, 4-iv, 5-i
777. Match the following fat soluble vitamin with their functions in body.
1. Vitamin A i. An antioxidant protects body cells from free radicals
2. Vitamin D damage
3. Vitamin E ii. Essential in the visual cycle
4. Vitamin K iii. For post-translational of proteins require in
blood coagulation
iv. Increases calcium and phosphorus absorption
a) 1-ii, 2-i, 3-iii, 4-iv
b) 1-ii, 2-iii, 3-iv, 4-i
c) 1-ii, 2-iv, 3-i, 4-iii
d) 1-ii, 2-iv, 3-iii, 4-i
778. Match the following water soluble vitamin with their functions in body.
1. Biotin i. Coenzyme as reducing equivalent (H+) acceptors
or donors
2. Pyridoxal ii. Coenzyme in decarboxylation-carboxylation &
deamination reactions
3. Folic Acid iii. Coenzyme in synthesis of purines, pyrmidines,
hemoglobin
4. Niacin iv. Coenzyme in transamination reactions
5. Thiamin v. Coenzyme in transketolase reactions
a) 1-i, 2-ii, 3-iii, 4-v, 5-iv
b) 1-ii, 2-i, 3-iii, 4-iv, 5-v
c) 1-ii, 2-iv, 3-iii, 4-i, 5-v
d) 1-v, 2-iv, 3-iii, 4-i, 5-ii
779. Match the following essential minerals with their functions in body.
1. Sodium i. Activating certain peptidases in protein digestion
2. Calcium ii. Facilitates the absorption and use of iron
3. Chloride iii. Functions in nerve conduction (depolarization/
4. Magnesium repolarization)
5. Copper iv. Key mineral in cell death and in muscle contraction
v. Participates in the exchange of oxygen for carbon
dioxide
a) 1-i, 2-ii, 3-v, 4-iii, 5-iv
b) 1-ii, 2-iv, 3-v, 4-i, 5-iii
c) 1-iii, 2-i, 3-v, 4-iv, 5-ii
d) 1-iii, 2-iv, 3-v, 4-i, 5-ii
780. Match the following simple carbohydrates with their association.

1. Sucrose i. Fruit sugar and Honey
2. Fructose ii. Malt sugar

3. Maltose iii. Milk sugar
4. Lactose iv. Table sugar
a) 1-i, 2-iv, 3-ii, 4-iii
b) 1-iii, 2-i, 3-ii, 4-iv
c) 1-iv, 2-i, 3-ii, 4-iii
d) 1-iv, 2-i, 3-iii, 4-ii
781. Match the following nutrient with their effects on cooking.

1. Cyanocobalamin i. Cooking in iron vessels increases Fe content of
2. Riboflavin foods
3. ω-3 fatty acids ii. Increased content using water from copper pipes
4. Copper iii. Some losses (around 30%)
5. Iron iv. Stable in baking; unstable if smoking point is
reached
v. Stable to heat
a) 1-i, 2-v, 3-iv, 4-ii, 5-iii
b) 1-ii, 2-v, 3-iv, 4-iii, 5-i
c) 1-iii, 2-ii, 3-iv, 4-v, 5-i
d) 1-iii, 2-v, 3-iv, 4-ii, 5-i
782. Match the following foods with its rich nutrients.

1. Papaya i. Calcium
2. Orange ii. Iron
3. Dates iii. Vitamin A
4. Ragi iv. Vitamin C
a) 1-ii, 2-iv, 3-i, 4-iii
b) 1-ii, 2-iv, 3-iii, 4-i
c) 1-iii, 2-iv, 3-i, 4-ii
d) 1-iii, 2-iv, 3-ii, 4-i
783. Match the following foods with it‘s pigments

1. Beet root i. Betalin
2. Spinach ii. Carotenoids
3. Onions iii. Chlorophyll
4. Carrot iv. Flavones
a) 1-i, 2-ii, 3-iv, 4-iii
b) 1-i, 2-iii, 3-iv, 4-ii
c) 1-i, 2-iii, 3-iv, 4-ii
d) 1-iv, 2-ii, 3-i, 4-iii
784. Match the following terms used to describe the functions of food additives.
1. Antioxidants i. Combine with polyvalent metal ions to form
a soluble metal complex
2. Texturizers ii. Preserve food by retarding deterioration,
rancidity, or discoloration due to oxidation
3. Leavening agents iii. Produce or stimulate production of CO2 in
baked goods
4. Firming agents iv. Substances added to precipitate residual
5. Sequestrants pectin
v. Substances that affect the appearance or feel
of the food
a) 1-i, 2-v, 3-iii, 4-iv, 5-ii
b) 1-ii, 2-iv, 3-iii, 4-v, 5-i
c) 1-ii, 2-v, 3-iii, 4-iv, 5-i
d) 1-iv, 2-i, 3-iii, 4-ii, 5-v
785. Match the following classic symptoms of untreated diabetes with their
respective.
1. Glycosuria i. Excretion of glucose into the urine
2. Polyphagia ii. Frequent urination
3. Polyuria iii. Increased hunger
4. Polydipsia iv. Increased thirst
a) 1-i, 2-ii, 3-iii, 4-iv
b) 1-i, 2-iii, 3-ii, 4-iv
c) 1-i, 2-iv, 3-iii, 4-i
d) 1-iv, 2-iii, 3-ii, 4-i
786. Match the following disease disorders with their symptoms.

1. Marasmus i. A condition in which self-induced vomiting
after eating foods
2. Kwashiorkor ii. A condition where the person suffers from a
self-imposed starvation
3. Bulimia iii. A form of protein starvation that generally
appears in a child
4. Anorexia iv. Lack of nutrients and causes the person to
nervosa resemble a living skeleton
a) 1-ii, 2-iii, 3-i, 4-iv
b) 1-iii, 2-iv, 3-i, 4-ii
c) 1-iv, 2-i, 3-iii, 4-ii
d) 1-iv, 2-iii, 3-i, 4-ii
787. Match the following:

1. Starch a. 15.5 kJ/g
2. Glucose b. 17.2 kJ/g
3. Fat c. 23.4 kJ/g
4. Protein (egg) d. 39.2 kJ/g
a) 1-b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c
b) 1-b, 2-d, 3-a, 4-c
c) 1-c, 2-a, 3-d, 4-b
d) 1-d, 2-c, 3-b, 4-a
788. Match the following:

1. Fat a. 4.1 Calories/g
2. Glucose b. 3.6 Calories/g
3. Protein (egg) c. 9.37 Calories/g
4. Starch d. 5.58 Calories/g
a) 1-b, 2-c, 3-a, 4-d
b) 1-c, 2-b, 3-d, 4-a

c) 1-c, 2-d, 3-b, 4-a
d) 1-d, 2-a, 3-c, 4-b
789. Match the following

1. Amoebic a. Campylobacter jejuni
dysentery b. Clostridium perfringens
2. Bacillary c. Entamoeba histolytica
dysentery d. Shigella bacterium
3. Diarrhoea
4. Gastroenteritis
5. Hepatitis A
a) 1-c, 2-b, 3-d, 4-a,
b) 1-c, 2-b, 3-d, 5-a
c) 1-c, 3-d, 4-a, 5-b
d) 2-b, 3-d, 4-a, 5-c
790. Match the following protein sources and their limiting amino acids.
1. Wheat i. Methionine
2. Corn ii. Methionine
3. Rice iii. Lysine
4. Legumes iv. Tryptophan
5. Soy bean v. Threonine
a) 1-iv, 2-iii, 3-v, 4-i, 5-ii
b) 1-iii, 2-iv, 3-v, 4-i, 5-ii
c) 1-v, 2-iv, 3-iii, 4-i, 5-ii
d) 1-iii, 2-iv, 3-v, 4-i, 5-ii
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Objective Home Science At a Glance

Book · July 2015

Shanti Balda Deepak Kumar Verma

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Pramod K. Prabhakar Ritu Mittal

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PhD thesis View project

Energy Conservation and Optimization in Dairy Plant View project

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An imprint of Scientific Publishers (India)

An imprint of Scientific Publishers (India)

Typeset: Rajesh Ojha

“You educate a girl and she can change

“Everything can wait but

Shanti Balda is Professor of Human Development and Family

Pramod Kumar Prabhakar is a research professional in

Rupal Babel is a Home science professional and is doctorate in

Hemu Rathore is an Assistant Professor in the Department of

Manideep Kaur a specialist in Clothing & Textiles with Home

Unit 1:- Human Nutrition, Health and Interventions.

Unit 2:- Food Science and Processing Technologies

Need & Scope of Food Science, Physico-chemical properties of foods, Methods of

Unit 3 : Textile Science, Fashion Designing and Garment Production

Unit 4 : Human Development and Family Dynamics

Stages of human development (prenatal development stage, infancy, early

Unit 5 : Family Resource Management and Consumer Science

Systems approach to Family Resource Management, Concept, Planning,

Unit 6: Home Science Extension and Communication Methods

Home Science extension education: concept, principles, philosophy, objectives and

Rural Development Programme (IRDP), Development of Women and Children in

Major factors influence human growth and development. Principles of human

Meaning and significance of child development theories. Psychoanalytic theories of

Administration of pre-schools. Planning infrastructure and programmes for pre-

Definition and needs of exceptional children. Classification of exceptional children:

mentally retarded children. Psychological problems: necrosis, psychoneurosis,

Family in social context. Approaches to study of family: developmental, social,

FOOD AND NUTRITION

Food production and consumption trends in India and their consequences on

Food processing-physical and chemical changes in foods during processing

Food safety-natural toxicants, pesticide residues, common adulterants and

Macro- and micro-nutrients in human nutrition. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins,

Major nutrition problems in India — causes, magnitude and distribution.

Food nutrition programmes to combat malnutrition-strategies, targets and

Nutritional requirements of pregnant and lactating women, and pre-school

Nutrition in disease, therapeutic modifications of normal diets and their use in

HOME MANAGEMENT/FAMILY RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Section 1: Family Resources Management

Interdisciplinary nature of management and systems approach to family

Section 2: Art Principles and Interior Enrichment

Section 3: Housing and Space Designing

Identifying family housing needs. Selection of site. Principles of house planning-

Section 4: Household Energy and Equipments

Section 5: Family Finance and Consumer Education

Family income—types, sources and contributors. Financial planning-guidelines for

Section 6: Entrepreneurship Management

Section 7: Markets and Marketing

Types of markets, their functions and pricing. Marketing information systems.

HOME SCIENCE EXTENSION EDUCATION

Section 1: Fundamentals of Extension Education

Home science extension education: concept, principles, philosophy, objectives and

Section 2: Rural Institutions

Structure and functions of rural institutions, process of activating them, and