Civil Topic 008: Basic Information of Beam

details.
February 8, 2017

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Today we will discuss about what is beam,types of beams and basic

information about beam details

So,first we start with what is Beam?

Beams may be define as,Any structure member which cross section is much
smaller compare to its length and undergoes lateral load, known as beam.
In other words beam is a horizontal bar witch undergoes lateral load or couple
which tends to bend it or a horizontal bar undergoes bending stress known as
beam.
Types of beams:
Beams are classified as follow.
According to end support:
1. Simply Supported Beam:
As the name implies, simply supported beam is supported at both end. One
end of the beam is supported by hinge support and other one by roller
support. This support allow to horizontal movement of beam. It beam type
undergoes both shear stress and bending moment.

2. Continuous Beams:
When we talk about types of beams we cannot forgot continuous beam. This
beam is similar to simply supported beam except more than two support are
used on it. One end of it is supported by hinged support and other one is roller
support. One or more supports are use between these beams. It is used in
long concrete bridges where length of bridge is too large.
3. Overhanging Beams:
Overhanging beam is combination of simply supported beam and cantilever
beam. One or both of end overhang of this beam. This beam is supported by
roller support between two ends. This type of beam has heritage properties of
cantilever and simply supported beam.

4. Cantilever Beams:
Cantilever beams a structure member of which one end is fixed and other is
free. This is one of the famous type of beam use in trusses, bridges and other
structure member. This beam carry load over the span which undergoes both
shear stress and bending moment.
5. Fixed beams:
This beam is fixed from both ends. It does not allow vertical movement and
rotation of the beam. It is only under shear stress and no moment produces in
this beams. It is used in trusses, and other structure.

According to cross section:

A beam may have different cross section. The most common cross section of
beam are as follow.
1. I beam:
This beam types have I cross section as shown in figure. It has high
resistance of bending.
2. T beam:
It has T cross section as shown in figure.
According to equilibrium condition:
1. Statically determinate beam:
A beam is called determinate beam if it can be analyze by the basic
equilibrium condition. The support reaction can be found by using basic
equilibrium condition. These conditions are
Summation of all horizontal forces is zero.
Summation of all vertical forces is zero.
Summation of all moments is zero.
Example: Simply supported beam, Cantilever beam etc.
2. Statically indeterminate beam:
If the beam cannot be analysis by using basic equilibrium condition, known as
statically indeterminate beam. The end reaction find out by using basic
equilibrium condition with combination of other conditions like strain energy
method, virtual work method etc.
Example: Continuous beam, fixed beam
 According to Geometry:
1. Straight beam – Beam with straight profile
2. Curved beam – Beam with curved profile
3. Tapered beam – Beam with tapered cross section

here,give details information about beams,

https://userscloud.com/jqk4ita25z3n
Password: civilnarch
For more information about beams calculation(SFD and
BMD).please download following Pdf files.
https://userscloud.com/60ifsyti1mls
Password: civilnarch