PRE-ECLAMPSIA

Siti Devia Agustina

0433131420117116

STIKES KHARISMA KARAWANG

2019
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all. I’d like to introduce my self. My name is Siti Devia Agustina,
please call me Devia, I’m from Jakarta. Then I’d like to thank Allah SWT who
has given healt and long life. Next, I also would like to express my gratitude to
Ms. Uun Nurjanah. The Director of STIKes Kharisma Karawang, who has given
opportunity to study here. My Gratitude also goes to Lecturer, Mrs. Dea Agustina.
For her guidance and help in making some correction. And then, I’d like to
convey my gratitude for the examiner who has given me time to deliver a
presentation about Pre-eclampsia.

I’ve divided my presentation into five sections. First, I’m going to start by
telling the background of the problem. Second, I’ll turn to the definition and
symptoms. Then, I’ll concern on the aspects can cause of Pre-eclampsia. After
that, I’ll move on to the medical traetments. Finally, I’ll discuss about the
preventions.

If you have any question, I’ll do my best to answer them at the end.
 PRE-ECLAMPSIA

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
1. INTRODUCTION
3.1. Background
2. DEFINITION AND SYMPTOMS
2.1 Definition
2.2 The Symptoms
3. ASPECTS THAT CAN CAUSE OF PRE-ECLAMPSIA
3.1. Aspects Can Cause Of Pre-Eclampsia
4. THE MEDICAL TREATMENTS
4.1. The Medical Treatments
5. THE PREVENTIONS
5.1. The Preventions
6. CONCLUSION
 PRE-ECLAMPSIA
By
Siti Devia Agustina

7. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Background
Uncontrolled or unresolved pre-eclampsia can lead to eclampsia,
placental abrophy, kidney failure, and permanent hypertension. The
placenta can experience infarction so that it limits the amount of
oxygen and nutrients available to the baby. Retardation of intrauterine
growth can occur and hypoxic conditions can make the fetus unable to
withstand normal labor stress. In severe cases, the fetus dies from
anorexia before delivery.

2. DEFINITION AND SYMPTOMS

2.1. Definition
Pre-eclampsia is a typical condition in pregnancy, and this
condition is characterized by symptoms of edema, hypertension, and
proteinuria. This complication is characterized by blood pressure
reaching 140/90 mmHg. Pre-eclampsia is most commonly found after
28 weeks' gestation. This complication can endanger other body
organs, such as the liver and kidneys. If pre-eclampsia worsens during
pregnancy, it will cause eclampsia which can lead to death.

2.2. The Symptoms

Pre-eclampsia will usually start showing symptoms at the age of
20 weeks. Symptoms that can be felt by pregnant women include
headaches in the forehead area, pain in the area between the stomach
and chest, visual disturbances, nausea, respiratory problems and
 impaired consciousness. In addition, pre-eclampsia will always appear
together with weight gain until edema, increased blood pressure, and
the presence of protein in the urine.

3. ASPECTS THAT CAN CAUSE OF PRE-ECLAMPSIA

3.1. Aspects Can Cause Of Pre-Eclampsia
Causes of pre-eclampsia is unknown, but there are certain factors
predispose:
 The specificity of pregnancy.
 Especially regarding primigravidae.
 Overdistention uterus (as in twin pregnancies, polihidramnios,
fetal abnormalities).
 Complications several medical conditions such as kidney disease,
essential hypertension, diabetes.
 Placental dysfunction, for example infarction or degeneration.
 Higher incidence if the mother's food is of poor quality.

Pre-eclampsia does not always recur next. The main outcome of

pre-eclampsia is arterial vasoconstriction which causes an increase in
blood pressure and decreases the effective blood supply in many
organs and tissues, including the placenta that causes fetal death.

4. THE MEDICAL TREATMENTS

4.1. The Medical Treatments
If the condition of pre-eclampsia is mild, treatment with sedative
preparations such as sodium amital 50mg tds plus sedative
preparations at night is usually enough to lower blood pressure to a
safe level. If the condition is more severe, inject sodium phenobarbital
(200 mg every 8 hours), sodium phenytoin (100 mg every 8 hours)
and diazepam (10 mg every 6 to 8 hours) can be done with a single or
a combination.
 Hypotensive drugs such as propranolol, reserpine, and
methyldopa are sometimes given. Dieuretics are not given because
diuretic drugs can be dangerous in this situation.

5. THE PREVENTIONS
5.1. The Preventions
Pregnant women who suffer from pre-eclampsia must rest (only
allowed to go to the toilet and shower). The patient may find it
difficult to understand the need for hospitalization, bed rest and a calm
atmosphere because she feels healthy and has no complaints.
In this situation a high protein diet is usually applied without
added salt. Patients are generally allowed to consume fluids freely, but
must be reminded that fluid intake and output must be carefully
recorded and watched out. The change suddenly becomes bedridden,
which is added to predisposing to constipation, causing the patient to
need a mild laxative.

6. CONCLUSION
Uncontrolled or unresolved Pre-eclampsia can lead to eclampsia,
placental abrophy, kidney failure, and permanent hypertension. Pre-
eclampsia is a typical condition in pregnancy, and this condition is
characterized by symptoms of edema, hypertension, and proteinuria.
Symptoms that can be felt by pregnant women include headaches in the
forehead area, pain in the area between the stomach and chest, visual
disturbances, nausea, respiratory problems and impaired consciousness.