Answers

Part VI Test

Section A Multiple-choice questions

1. C
Molecule Shape
CH2Cl2 Tetrahedral
PCl3 Trigonal pyramidal
BF3 Trigonal planar
S8 Crown

2. C
PF3 and NBr3 are both trigonal pyramidal in shape.

3. D
The electron diagrams of N2H4, HCN and H2O2 are shown below respectively:

, ,
All of them obey octet rule.

4. C
Down a group, the electronegativities of elements decrease.

5. D
The C=S bond in CS2, B−F bond in BF3 and P−Cl bond in PCl5 are all polar as they are
covalent bonds between atoms of different electronegativities.

6. B
In the list of molecules, Cl2, BeCl2, PCl5, and CCl4 are non-polar molecules.

7. C
Option (A): H2O has a higher boiling point than H2S due to the presence of hydrogen bonds
between H2O molecules.
Option (B): For alcohols possessing different numbers of hydroxyl groups, the boiling point
increases as the number of hydroxyl groups per molecule and hence the number
of hydrogen bonds increases.
 Option (C): As the strength of van der Waals’ forces increases with molecular size, the
boiling points of halogens increase down the group.
Option (D): As the strength of van der Waals’ forces increases with molecular size, the order
of boiling points of the four compounds is C4H10 > C3H8 > C2H6 > CH4.

8. A
The hydrogen atom in methanol is attached to oxygen (a highly electronegative atom).
Therefore, hydrogen bonding exists between methanol molecules.

9. B
The flammability of ethanol is not the effect of hydrogen bonding between its molecules.

10. B
As there is no hydrogen atom in the molecule, no hydrogen bonding exists between OCl2
molecules. The type of intermolecular forces between the molecules is van der Waals’ forces.

11. C
The oxygen atoms in ice are arranged in a hexagonal shape. The water molecules in ice are
held together by hydrogen bonds and van der Waals’ forces.

12. D
The polarities of the C−F bonds in Y can cancel out each other. Y is a non-polar molecule.

Section B Structured questions

1. (a) Any ONE:

/ /
(Accept other reasonable answers) 1
(b)

1
(c)
 (Accept other reasonable answers) 1

2. (a)

propanone propanone

positively negatively
charged rod charged rod

1
(b) Propanone molecules are polar. 1
When a negatively charged rod is placed near the jet of liquid, the positive ends of
the propanone molecules are attracted to the rod. This electrostatic attraction
causes a deflection of the liquid towards the rod. 1
(c) As tetrachloromethane is non-polar, 1
no deflection would be observed. 1

3. (a) Evaporation is a process that takes in heat. It can cause a temperature decrease in
the surroundings. 1
Other factors being equal, the higher the rate at which molecules leave the liquid
surface, the more extreme the temperature in the surroundings drops. 1
As the temperature change for pentane is greater than that for butan-1-ol, it can be
deduced that pentane evaporates faster than butan-1-ol. 1
(b) Only weak van der Waals’ forces exist between pentane molecules while there are
hydrogen bonds and van der Waals’ forces between butan-1-ol molecules. 1
Thus pentane molecules can break away from the rest of the liquid more easily. 1