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SET – 4
3
Series : SSO/1 Code No. 63/1
#9 " : !' ! +, ! -
$2 -
Roll No.
Candidates must write the Code on
the title page of the answer-book.

• 4
• ! " # $! % & % !' ( ! )* +, ! - -
• 28
• %& &' () *+, &- .&' / 0 12
• ! ./ ! ! % 15 0 & 1 2 3 42 5 6 10.15 ( !
!& 10.15 ( ! ! 10.30 ( ! )* !2 ! ./& ! $ 1 $2 7 ! 1 2 !
+, ! 5 +, 8 - & !
• Please check that this question paper contains 4 printed pages.
• Code number given on the right hand side of the question paper should be written on the
title page of the answer-book by the candidate.
• Please check that this question paper contains 28 questions.
• Please write down the Serial Number of the question before attempting it.
• 15 minute time has been allotted to read this question paper. The question paper will be
distributed at 10.15 a.m. From 10.15 a.m. to 10.30 a.m., the students will read the
question paper only and will not write any answer on the answer-book during this period.

PSYCHOLOGY
(Theory)
3 ] [ 70
Time allowed : 3 hours ] [ Maximum marks : 70

(i)
(ii)
(iii) ! " #$ %
(iv) & ' ( 1 – 10 ( ) # * + 1
, - . # /+
(v) & ' ( 11 – 16 # + 2
30 0 ' + 1 %
(vi) & ' ( 17 – 20 # 2 + 3
60 0 ' + 1 %
(vii) & ' ( 21 – 26 # 2 + 4
!! 0 ' + 1 %
(viii) & "# ' ( 27 – 28 0 + 6
$!! 0 ' + 1 %
63/1 1 [P.T.O.

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General Instructions :
(i) All questions are compulsory.
(ii) Marks for each question are indicated against it.
(iii) Answers should be brief and to the point.
(iv) Questions No. 1 – 10 in Part A has Learning Checks (very short answer type)
questions carrying 1 mark each. You are required to answer them as directed.
(v) Questions No. 11 – 16 in Part B are Very Short Answer type questions carrying
2 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 30 words.
(vi) Questions No. 17 – 20 in Part C are Short Answer Type I questions carrying
3 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 60 words.
(vii) Questions No. 21 – 26 in Part D are Short Answer Type II questions carrying
4 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 100 words.
(viii) Questions No. 27 – 28 in Part E are Long Answer Type questions carrying
6 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 200 words.

–
PART – A (1 each)

1. ; <= ( > # 7 3 1 ( > ???????? + @ !' A0B 1

The notion of contextual intelligence implies that intelligence is a product of ________.

2. $2 ! 23 ! 93 2 ! 2 A 2 ! ????????? 1
Personality characterised by proneness to depression is known as ________.

3. ; 9 2C D $ 1 ????????? ! ( # ;( 7; 7 1
Psychoneuroimmunology focuses on the links between the mind, the brain and the
________.

4. # 2 ! 2 2 E ! ! ! # $ " 5 ??????? 2 2 1
Inability to stop thinking about a particular idea or topic is known as ________
behaviour.

5. 2F $9! # (ECT) ??????? % 2 GH 1

Electro-convulsive therapy (ECT) is a form of ________ therapy.

6. 4 ! !- #- $ 1 )* !0! 2 5 ! % ??????? $ 7 & #% I 1

Learning by observing others and rewarding small changes is a process of ________
learning.

7. ;2 & 5 $ 7 $2 ! %@ # B/ ! !& ! 4 ! ;( > D ????????? # #

Category-based schemas that are related to groups of people are called ________.

8. $C =2 2 57 $ 9 GH 1 @ J$ B
Obedience is the most indirect form of social influence. (T/F)
63/1 2

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9. # 2 ! 9 2 ! ! ! % !2 $ I 3 ???????? $ I 3 1
The act of aggression meant to obtain a certain goal or object is ________ aggression.

10. K23 % 12 I 1 $ = & 3 $ 1 $2 7 @ J$ B

Listening is a biological activity that involves reception and attention. (T/F)

–
PART – B (2 each)

11. (> 4 I 3 + & A 1L

What is information-processing approach to intelligence ?

12. ; M' ! $ $ 22 ! 0 # %
Explain abnormal behaviour according to socio-cultural model.

13. !& ! N" ! % A # + !- # %

State the techniques used in the rehabilitation of the mentally ill.

14. &! 0 0 ! ! L
What is Gestalt therapy ?

15. 2 52 3 ;( 7; 1 , 9! A 1L
What is the instrumental perspective of human-environment relationship ?

16. 2 5A 2 @ 1 O/! E /& B A 1L

What is paraphrasing ?

–
PART – C (3 each)
17. $ = PQ $ 1 $ = 9 $; 0 # %
Differentiate between interest and aptitude.

18. 4 53 # $2 " % A L
What are the stages of group formation ?

19. $ I $1 E ! ! ! % # A R %
04
2 A & " ; 2 ! % 2 43 5 A 1L
Suggest three strategies for reducing aggression and violence.
OR
Why is the concept of personal space important for human beings ?

20. 2 # $1 = & # 9! 3 235 # %

Describe naturalistic and participant observation.
63/1 3 [P.T.O.

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–
PART – D (4 each)
21. (> ! @STUUB M' #2 - # %
Explain the PASS model of intelligence.

22. $ 2 ! @ ! O/ !05B A L2 A 2 4 ; + ! + !& ! '/# ! $ !

0 # %
What are self-report measures ? Explain any two problems associated with their use for
personality assessment.

23. 2 A 2 ! 2 ! @0V!0B $ 1 GH @0 B + & $; 0 # %

Differentiate between trait and type approaches to personality.

24. GH 2 ! R %
Explain somatoform disorders.

25. ;( 7; ! 2 235 # %
Describe the importance of therapeutic relationship in psychotherapy.

26. 8 W;W 7 A 235 # %

04
$ GH ! R % $ GH ! 75 + !- # %
Describe any four conflict resolution strategies.
OR
Explain conformity. State the determinants of conformity.

– "#
PART – E (6 each)
27. ( 2 ! #X%X% X @YTUB M' 235 # % 9 ; (2 ! =2 ! R %
04
+ 3 ! ! % (2 # 0 # % ! # $= 2 A ! 0
# %
Describe the GAS model of stress. Explain the effects of stress on immune system.
OR
Explain the nature of stress giving examples. Discuss avoidance-oriented strategy of coping.

28. C; ! 0 # % C; $2 ! $@ # B/ # = 4 # ! 3 5
# %
04
)* 2 53 @ ; ! O M Z B ! = 2 !2 ! # 5 # % &3 ! 3 5 9!
=2 ! R %
Explain social cognition. Discuss with examples the role of schemas in social cognition.
OR
Discuss factors influencing impression formation. Explain actor-observer effect in attribution.
__________
63/1 4

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Paper code: 63/1 (2015)

SENIOR SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION

MARCH 2015

MARKING SCHEME

PSYCHOLOGY (037) CLASS XII

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

1. THE MARKING SCHEME IS A GUIDELINE. ANY RELEVANT AND

APPROPRIATE INFORMATION PERTAINING TO ANSWER OF A QUESTION,
OTHER THAN THAT GIVEN IN THE MARKING SCHEME MAY BE MARKED
CORRECT. HOWEVER THIS SHOULD BE DONE IN CONSULTATION WITH
THE HEAD EXAMINER.

2. STUDENTS USING THEIR OWN LANGUAGE FOR EXPLAINING CONCEPTS

BE GIVEN DUE WEIGHTAGE

3. MARKS ARE NOT NORMALLY DEDUCTED FOR SPELLING ERRORS BUT IF

THE ANSWER OBLITERATES THE RIGHT CONCEPT OR MEANING OF
CONCEPT IS DISTORTED, MARKS MAY BE DEDUCTED ACCORDINGLY.

4. IF A STUDENT HAS ATTEMPTED BOTH PARTS – QUESTION AS WELL AS

ITS CHOICE QUESTION, THE PART SECURING HIGHER MARKS IS TO BE
CONSIDERED.

5. MARKS ARE NOT TO BE DEDUCTED IF ANSWERS ARE NOT WRITTEN

ACCORDING TO THE SEQUENCE GIVEN IN THE QUESTION PAPER.

6. MARKS ARE NOT TO BE DEDUCTED FOR EXCEEDING THE WORD LIMIT.

NOTE: AS PER THE ORDERS OF THE HON‟BLE SUPREME COURT THE

CANDIDATE WOULD NOW BE PERMITTED TO OBTAIN PHOTOCOPY OF THE
EVALUATED ANSWER SHEET ON REQUEST AND BY PAYING THE PRESCRIBED
FEE. ALL EXAMINERS / HEAD EXAMINERS MUST ENSURE THAT EVALUATION
IS CARRIED OUT STRICTLY AS PER SUGGESTED VALUE POINTS FOR EACH
ANSWER AS GIVEN IN THE MARKING SCHEME.
WISH YOU GOOD LUCK

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MM 70
Q.No. EXPECTED ANSWER / SUGGESTED VALUE POINTS Page Distribution
No. of Marks
PART A
1 Culture 16 1
2 Type D 31 1
3 immune system 59 1
4 obsessive 77 1
5 Bio medical 102 1
6 vicarious 98 1
7 stereotype 120 1
8 False 143 1
9 instrumental 169 1
10 False / True –as there is ambiguity in the statement both options i.e. T and F 185 1
are correct.
PART B
11 Information processing approach 05, 06 2
Describes the processes people use in intellectual reasoning and problem
solving. The major focus of this approach is on how an intelligent person
acts.
Emphasises studying cognitive functions underlying intelligent behaviour.
12 Socio – cultural model 75 2
Socio-cultural factors such as war and violence, group prejudice and
discrimination, economic and employment problems and rapid social change
can lead to psychological disorder.
Behaviour is shaped by societal forces, factors such as family structure and
communication, Lack of social support, social networks, societal conditions
and societal labels and roles are important
13 Methods of Rehabilitation of mentally ill – 104 2
The patients are provided with:
(i) Occupational therapy
(ii) Social skills training
(iii) Vocational training
(iv) Cognitive retraining
(Mentioning all 4 – 2marks; or mentioning and explaining any 2 – 2 marks)
14 Gestalt Therapy 101 1x2=2

 Gestalt is a German word which means „whole‟

By Fredrick Pearls and his wife Laura Pearls

 It aims at increasing an individual‟s self-awareness and self-

 The therapist teaches the client to recognise the bodily processes and
acceptance.

 The therapist encourages the client to act out his fantasies about
the emotions which are blocked out from awareness.

 It can be used in group settings.

feelings and conflicts.

(any two points)

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15 Instrumental perspective 154 2

- Suggests that the physical environment exists mainly for use by
human beings for their comfort and well being.
- Most of the human influences on the environment reflect the
instrumental perspective
16 The act of summarising the contents of the message of the speaker 185 2
communicated to the listener, by the listener in his / her own words
(restatement) is known as paraphrasing. It is a way to know whether listener
has understood the message.
PART C

 Aptitude refers to individual‟s underlying potential for acquiring

17 Differences between Aptitude and Interest 3, 4, 8 1+1+1=3

skills with training.

 Interest is an individual‟s preference for engaging in one or more
specific activities relative to others. The subject enjoys doing the
activity for which he / she has interest.


OR
Interest is a preference for a particular activity, aptitude is the
potentiality to perform that activity.
 any suitable example to support the answer
18 Stages of group formation
According to Tuckman groups are formed through five stages 133, ½+½x5=3
1. Forming stage – excitement, apprehension, uncertainty about the 134
group, the goal and planning.
2. Storming stage – conflict among the members because of role,
hierarchy and goal attainment.
3. Norming stage – setting the rules and developing positive group
identity.
4. Performing stage – group moves towards achievement of group goals.
5. Adjourning stage – once the function is over, the group may be
disbanded.
19 Some strategies for reducing aggression and violence – 171, 1+1+1=3
1. Parents and teachers should not encourage and reward aggression in 172
any form.
2. Opportunities to observe and imitate the behaviour of aggressive
models should be reduced drastically.
3. Poverty and social injustice may be a prominent cause of aggression.
Implementing social justice and equality in society may help in
reducing frustration levels and thereby curb aggressive tendencies.
4. Promoting positive attitude towards peace and practicing non-
violence.
(any three points)
OR 161 1+1+1=3
Reasons for Importance of Personal Space
1. It explains many of the negative effects of crowding as an
environmental stressor.
2. It tells about social relationships
3. It gives us some idea about how physical space can be modified in
order to reduce stress / discomfort in social situations.
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20 Naturalistic observation – is one of the primary ways of learning about the 181 1+½+1+½
way people behave in a given setting. (natural setting) =3
- Any suitable example
Participant observation – is the variation of the method of naturalistic
observation. The observer is actively involved in the process of observing by
becoming an active member of the setting where the observation takes place
- Any suitable example
PART D
21 PASS model of intelligence: J P Dass, Naglieri & Kirby (1994) Unit 1 1x4=4
Intellectual activities involve the interdependent functioning of three Pg 9
neurological systems called the functional units of brain. These units are
1. Arousal / attention
2. Coding or processing
3. Planning
Now explain
P – Planning
A – Attention and Arousal
S – Simultaneous processing
S – Successive processing
Brief explanation of each process.
(Introduction and only stating the process correctly should carry 1 mark.
Full marks will be awarded if all the above information is given)
22 Self-Report Measures Unit 2 2+2=4
These are fairly structured measures often based on theories. Pg 42
They require subject to give verbal response using some kind of rating scale.

 The responses are accepted at face value and scored in quantitative

Direct form of assessment measures only conscious part of personality

 Goals of the test may be revealed

terms

 E.g. 16 PF, MMPI

 Social desirability
Problems

 Acquiescence
Brief explanation of each point
(if only definition of self-report is mentioned then
1 mark can be awarded)

 specific psychological attributes along which individuals tend to

23 Trait Approach focuses on: Unit 2 1+1
Pg 30,

 can be explained by any one Trait Theory e.g. Allport, Cattell etc
differ in consistent and stable ways. e.g. a person may be shy etc. 31

Type Approach attempts to comprehend human personality by examining

certain broad patterns in the observed behavioural characteristics of
+1+1
 Each behavioural pattern refers to one type in which individuals are
individuals
=4
placed in terms of similarity of their behavioural characteristics with

 can be explained by any Type Theory e.g. Tridosha or Sheldon etc

that pattern. These are broad categories

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24 Somatoform Disorders – Physical symptoms in the absence of a physical 77, 78 1+1+1+1

disease. =4
Individual has psychological difficulties and complains of physical
symptoms for which no biological cause exists. E.g. fatigue, headache, vague
body pains.
Types
a. Pain disorders
b. Somatisation
c. Conversion
d. Hypochondriasis
Brief explanation with symptoms of each disorder.

 The therapeutic alliance has healing properties, because of the regular

25 Importance of Therapeutic Relationship 102, 91 4

availability of the therapist and the warmth, empathy, unconditional

 Unburdening of emotional problems leads to Catharsis which has

positive regard provided by the therapist.

 Trusting, accepting / confiding relationship provides security to the

healing properties.

 A special relationship which is contractual in nature and for limited

client.

duration (of therapy). It helps the client to overcome his / her problem
by actively participating in the therapy without being dependent on
the therapist.
26 Conflict Resolution Strategies 184, 1x4=4
1. Introduction of superordinate goals 149
2. Altering perceptions
3. Increasing intergroup contacts
4. Redrawing group boundaries
5. Negotiations
6. Structural solutions
7. Respect for other group‟s norms
(brief explanation of any four points)

OR 140, 1+1+1+1
Conformity is a type of social influence in which individuals change their 142
behaviour or belief to correspond more closely to the behaviour of others in
the group i.e. behaving according to the group norms
Determinants of conformity
1. Size of group
2. Size of minority
3. Nature of the task
4. Public or private expression of behaviour
5. Personality
6. Informational influence
7. Normative influence
(list all and explain any three)

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PART E
27 GAS model of stress – A three stage model by Hans Selye 59, 60 1+1+1+1
1. Alarm reaction =4
2. Resistance stage
3. Exhaustion stage
(Brief explanation of above with diagram)
Effect of stress on immune system
- Physiological effects / physical restrictions
- Negative emotions / burnout 1+1= 2
- Serious illness / explanation of diagram on page 60 of NCERT book (4+2=6)

OR
Nature of stress 52, 53, 3+3 =6
- Latin word “strictus” meaning tight / narrow 61, 62
- Definition of stress
- Distress and eustress
- Stressors / strain
OR
- Primary and secondary appraisals by Lazarus. Definition and
explanation of stress by Hans Selye
Coping – a dynamic situation – specific reaction to stress
Avoidance – oriented strategies – denying or minimising the seriousness of
the situation, it also involves conscious suppression of stressful thoughts and
their replacement by self-protective thoughts e.g. watching TV, phone up a
friend or try to be with other people.
28  Social cognition refers to all those psychological processes that deal Ch 6
with the gathering and processing of information related to social Pg


objects. 119,
Attitudes, impression formation and attribution are such processes 120
which involve mental activities related to the gathering and
interpretation of information about the social world. Collectively this


is called social cognition.
Schemas guide social cognition 3

 Schema is defined as a mental structure that provides a framework,


set of rules or guidelines for processing information about any object.
Most of the schemas are in the form of categories or classes


Schemas that function in the form of categories are called prototypes +1


Schemas reduce time and mental effort required in cognition
In social cognition, category based schemas that are related to groups
of people are called stereotypes.

Effect of stereotypes – gives rise to prejudices and biases against specific +1

groups.
Prototypes help us to define an object completely. +1=6
OR 120– 4

 the nature of information available to the perceiver

Impression formation and attribution are influenced by 122

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 social schemas in the perceiver (including stereotypes)

 personality characteristics of the perceiver
 situational factors
The process of impression formation gets influenced by these factors also

 primacy effect
which is in turn influenced by

 recency effect
 halo effect
Attribution that a person makes for his / her own positive and negative
experiences (actor role) and the attribution he / she makes for another
person‟s positive and negative experiences (observer role) is called actor-
observer effect but criteria of attribution become different. When individual
attributes his / her own success, he / she emphasises on internal factors but
for failures to the external factors.
Whereas he / she attributes success of others giving emphasis to external +2=6

 students may draw the figure 6.4 on Page 122 of NCERT book
factors and for failures to the internal factors

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