UNIVERSITY OF WEST BOHEMIA

FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF POWER SYSTEM ENGINEERING

Inovace předmětu „TEORIE PROUDOVÝCH STROJŮ “ v rámci projektu CZ.1.07/2.2.00/15.0006

JET ENGINES
BASIC PARAMETERS
 BASIC PARAMETERS
● Jet engines are characterized by qualitative and
quantitative parameters, which are defined their
parameters.
● Basic parameters are:
 BASIC PARAMETERS
● Engine thrust FT [N]
● It's more important parameter, which is
characterized a jet engines with direct reaction

F T =Q v. c 6 −c 0 [ N ]
Where:
● Qv – mass flow rate [kg.s-1]
c6 – output gas velocity [m.s-1]
c0 – air speed [m.s-1]
 BASIC PARAMETERS
● Engine performance P[W] – turbo-prop engines

F p . c0
P=
V

Fv – propeller thrust [N]

c0 – air speed
ηv – propeller efficiency [1]
 BASIC PARAMETERS
● Air mass flow rate QA [kg.s-1]
● Quantity of air that flows through the engine in
second.
m −1
Q A = [kg.s ]
t

m – air mass [kg]

t – time [s]
 BASIC PARAMETERS
-1
● Specific engine thrust Fm [N.kg .s]
● Fm is thrust which is in ratio with air mass flow
rate in second

FT −1
F m= [ N . kg . s ]
QA

FT – Engine thrust
QA – mass flow rate [kg.s-1]
 BASIC PARAMETERS
● Specific engine performance Pm [W. kg.-1.s]

P −1
P m = [W . kg . s ]
Qv

P – engine performance [W]

QA – mass flow rate [kg.s-1]
 BASIC PARAMETERS
● Fuel flow rate Qf [kg.s-1]
mf −1
Q f= [ kg.s ]
t
m – fuel mass [kg]
t – time [s]
● Hour fuel consumption ch [kg.h-1]
−1
c h =3600 . Q f [kg.h ]
 BASIC PARAMETERS
● Specific fuel consumption cm [kg.N-1.h]

ch ch −1
cm=
−1
[kg.N . h] cm= [kg. W . h]
FT FT

ch – hour fuel consumption [kg.h-1]

FT – engine thrust [N]
P – engine performance [W]
 BASIC PARAMETERS
● Specific parameters depends on:
● Atmospheric air temperature
● Atmospheric pressure
● Atmospheric humidity
● Air speed
● Altitude
● THERMODINAMIC PROCESSES
– Total efficiency
– Heat efficiency
– Compress efficiency
– Burning efficiency
– Expand efficiency
– Propulsive efficiency
 BASIC PARAMETERS
● Engine weight m [kg]
● Thrust weight mT [kg.N-1.s]
m −1
mT = [ kg.N .s]
F T , max

● Performance weight mP [kg.W-1.s]

m −1
mP= [kg.W . s]
P max
 BASIC PARAMETERS
● Total compressor pressure ratio πCT
● Define ratio between total pressure on compressor
output to total pressure on compressor input

p2T
CT =
p1T

● p1T – total air pressure on compressor input [Pa]

● p2T – total air pressure on compressor output [Pa]
 BASIC PARAMETERS
● Total absolute temperature before turbine stage
T3T [K].
● T3T is the temperature value on combustion
chamber output before turbine stage
T 3T =t 3T273.15[ K ]

t3t – total temperature before turbine stage[°C]

 BASIC PARAMETERS
● Total absolute temperature behind turbine stage
T4T [K].

T 4T=t 4T 273.15 [ K ]

t3t – total temperature behind turbine stage[°C]

 BASIC PARAMETERS
● Revolutions per minute n [min-1] – this parameter is
characterized the engine mode.
● Calculated RPM ncal– Is calculated RPM insight to
atmospheric conditions


n cal =n
273.15
T0
[min−1 ]

T0 – atmospheric absolute temperature [K]

n – engine's RPM
 BASIC PARAMETERS
● Calculated air mass flow rate QA,cal [kg.s-1]

Q A .  T 1T −1
Q A ,cal = [ kg.s ]
p 1T
 REFERENCES
● Otis, Vosbury: Aircraft gas turbine powerplants
– Jeppesen: 2002
● Rolls royce – The jet engine, 1996
● Hanus D., Maršálek J, : Studijní modul 15,
Turbínový motor, CERM, s.r.o. Brno 2004
● Kadrnožka J.: Tepelné turbíny a
turbokompresory, CERM, s.r.o. Brno 2004
DISCUSSION...

...QUESTIONS