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2. 2F 1
3. 38 1.294 1000 1
Molarity 5.02M
98 100
4. It can be recharged after use. 1
5. At anode: O2 (g) ½
At cathode: H2 (g) ½
6. Sodium cyanide. 1
7. Nucleotide 1
(ii) k 1> k2
1
23. When there is dissociation of solute into ions, in dilute solutions (ignoring 1
interionic attractions) the number of particles increases. As the value of
colligative properties depends on the number of particles of the solute , the
experimentally observed value of colligative property will be higher than
the true value, therefore the experimentally determined (observed) molar
mass is always lower than the true value.
24.
(a) CH3-CH(Cl)-COOH 1
(b) C6H5CHO 1
25. 1
½
Geometry: Octahedral
½
Diamagnetic
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Equations involved:
Ni 4CO 330 Ni(CO) 4
350 K ½
½
Ni(CO) 4 450 Ni 4CO
470 K
OR
Extraction of gold involves leaching the metal with CN - ½
Oxidation reaction:
4 Au (s) + 8 CN- (aq.) + 2H2O (aq.) + O2 (g) →4[Au(CN)2]-(aq.) + 4 OH- ½
(aq.)
The metal is recovered by displacement method: ½
2[Au(CN)2]- (aq.) + Zn (s) → 2 Au (s) + [Zn(CN)4]2- (aq.)
½
Zinc acts as a reducing agent.
27. The following compound will undergo SN1 faster:
CH2Cl
½
Greater the stability of the carbocation, greater will be its ease of formation
from the corresponding halide and faster will be the rate of reaction. ½
The benzylic carbocation formed gets stabilised through resonance.
SECTION :C
28. KCl → K+ + Cl-
n =2 ½
i 1 n
i 1 ½
½
T f iK f m ½
0.5 x 1000
(1 0.92) x1.86x ½
74.5 x100
T f 0.24
½
T f T f0 T f'
T f' 0.24 0C
rate
k o.5 s 1 ½
[ A]
0.693 0.693 ½
t1
2 k 0.5
t 1 1.386 s
2 ½
OR
0.693 ½
t1
2 k
0.693 ½
k2 350 K
25
0.693 ½
k1 300 K
50
k2
2
k1
½
k2 Ea 1 1
log ½
k1 2.303 R T1 T2
Ea 350 300
log 2
2.303 x 8.314 350 x300 ½
Ea = 12.104 kJ / mol.
(1/2
+1/2)
30.
(a) K4[Fe(CN)6] 1
(c) Proteins 1
31.
(a) Moist sulphur dioxide behaves as a reducing agent, reduces MnO 4- to Mn2+. 1
X –X’ bond in interhalogens is weaker than X-X bond in halogensexcept F-
(b) F bond. 1
(c) Due to the ease with which it liberates atoms of nascent oxygen. 1
33.
(a)
(i)
Experiment Ethanal Propanone
1.Tollens Test:
Warm the organic A bright silver mirror No silver mirror is
compound with is produced formed.
freshly prepared
ammonical silver
nitrate
solution(Tollen’s
reagent).
2.Fehlings Test: 1
Heat the organic A reddish bown No precipitate is
compound with precipitate is obtained
(ii) Fehling’s reagent. obtained.
Any one test
CHO CH = CH - CHO
1
OH-
+ CH3CHO 1
293 K
1
34.
(a) Broad spectrum antibiotics: 1
Antibiotics which kill or inhibit a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-
negative bacteria.
e.g. Chloramphenicol. ½
any other suitable example.
(b) Analgesics:
Reduce or abolish pain without causing impairement of consciousness,
mental confusion, incoordination or paralysis or some other disturbances of
nervous system.
e.g. Aspirin / paracetamol etc. 1
any other suitable example.
½
SECTION:D
35.
(a) Fe 2H H 2 Fe2
2.303RT Fe2
Ecell Ecell
0
log 2 1
nF [H ]
0
Ecell EH0 / H EFe2 / Fe
0
2
0 (0.44) 0.44 V
½
0.0591 [0.1]
0.1745 0.44 log
2 [ x]2 ½
Log x = -5
Log[H+] = -5
[H+] = 10 -5 ½
(b) The mass of copper and silver deposited at the cathode will be different. 1
The amount of different substances deposited by the same quantity of
electricity passing through the electrolytic solution are directly proportional 1
to their chemical equivalents.
OR
½
= 349.6 + 40.9 = 390.5 S cm2 mol-1
1000
m ½
c
8.0 10 5 S cm 1 1000 cm 3 L1 ½
m 1
33.33 S cm 2 mol 1
0.0024 mol L
om ½
m
33.33 S cm 2 mol 1
0.085 ½
390.5 S cm 2 mol 1
Electrolyte B is a strong electrolyte.
(b) 1
Limiting molar conductivity increases only to a smaller extent for a strong
½
electrolyte, as on dilution the interionic interactions are overcome.
Limiting molar conductivity increases to alarger extent for a weak
electrolyte, as on dilution the degree of dissociation increases, therefore the
½
number of ions in total volume of solution increases.
36.
5
(E) (D)
OR
(a)
1
(i)
(ii) 1
(iii)
1
C2H5Cl H C2H5Cl
CH3CH2NH2 C2H5-N-C2H5 C2H5-N-C2H5
C2H5
(b)
½
½
(i)
A : CH3 CH2CONH2
B : CH 3CH2NH2 ½
(ii) ½
A: CH3CH2 CH2NH2
B:CH3CH2 CH2OH
37.
(1/2x
(a) A = FeCr2O4 B = Na2CrO4 C = Na2Cr2O7 2)
D = K2Cr2O7
(b)
(iii) In actinoids, 5f electrons are more effectively shielded from the nuclear 1
charge than the 4f electrons of the corresponding lanthanoids. Since the
outer electrons are less firmly held, they are available for bonding in the
actinoids.
OR
(a)
2 La 3S La2 S 3
heat ½
(Deduct overall ½ mark if equation not balanced/ statements not written)
(b)
(i)
Copper has high enthalpy of atomisation and low enthalpy of hydration.
1
Since the high energy to transform Cu(s) to Cu 2+(aq) is not balanced by
hydration enthalpy, therefore E o ( M 2 / M ) value for copper is
positive(+0.34 V).
(ii) Cr2+ is reducing as its configuration changes from d4 to d3 , the latter having 1
more stable half filled t2g level. On the other hand, the change from Mn3+ to
Mn2+ results in extra stable d5 configuration.
(iii) This is due to the increasing stability of the species of lower oxidation state 1
to which they are reduced.
Class 12 Chemistry
NCERT Solutions NCERT Exemplar CBSE Notes
Chapter 1 The Solid State Solid State The Solid State
Chapter 2 Solutions Solutions Solutions
Chapter 3 Electro chemistry Electrochemistry Electro chemistry
Chapter 4 Chemical Kinetics Chemical Kinetics Chemical Kinetics
Chapter 5 Surface Chemistry Surface Chemistry Surface Chemistry
Chapter 6 General Principles and General Principles and Processes General Principles and Processes
Processes of Isolation of Elements of Isolation of Elements of Isolation of Elements
Chapter 7 The p Block Elements The p-Block Elements The p Block Elements
Chapter 8 The d and f Block Elements The d- and f-Block Elements The d and f Block Elements
Chapter 9 Coordination Compounds Coordination Compounds Coordination Compounds
Chapter 10 Haloalkanes and
Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
Haloarenes
Chapter 11 Alcohols Phenols and
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers Alcohols Phenols and Ethers
Ethers
Chapter 12 Aldehydes Ketones and Aldehydes, Ketones and Aldehydes Ketones and
Carboxylic Acids Carboxylic Acids Carboxylic Acids
Chapter 13 Amines Amines Amines
Chapter 14 Biomolecules Biomolecules Biomolecules
Chapter 15 Polymers Polymers Polymers
Chapter 16 Chemistry in Everyday
Chemistry in Everyday Life Chemistry in Everyday Life
Life