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Dialog program provides us to navigate back and forth between screens
Dialog programs are created with type as 'M' - Module Pool. They cannot be executed
independently and must be attached to at least one transaction code in which you
specify an initial screen.
Dialog Program:
With the help of dialog program ,we can work interactively with the system and we can
change the contents of the database tables. Each and every dialog program having a
certain sequence of screens which are processed by the system one after the other.
Transaction code
The transaction code starts a screen sequence.
We are creating Transaction codes in SE93 Tcode.
A transaction code is linked to an ABAP program and an initial screen.
.
Screens
Each dialog in an SAP system is controlled by one or more screens.
We will create screens using the Screen Painter in the ABAP Workbench using
transaction SE51
GUI status
Each screen has a GUI status(es) which are independent components of a program.
This controls the menu bars, standard toolbar, application toolbar , with which the user
can choose functions in the application.
You create them in the ABAP Workbench using the Menu Painter (SE41).
ABAP Program
Each screen and GUI status in the R/3 System belongs to one ABAP program.
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Each screen and GUI status in the R/3 System belongs to one ABAP program.
The ABAP program contains the dialog modules that are called by the screen ow
logic, and also process the user input from the GUI status.
We should create every module pool program with the help of four transactions.
Screen Painter(SE51) :
The Screen Painter is a tool in the ABAP Workbench that you use to create screens for
ABAP programs and ow logic for the screens.
Screen Attributes
Screen attributes describe a screen object in the SAP system. They describe the
program to which the screen belongs and the type of screen.
Screen Layout
The screen layout describes both the screen elements and their layout. The most
common screen elements are I/O elds, text elds, check boxes, radio buttons, push
buttons and controls. Fields are de ned in the ABAP Dictionary or in your program.
Flow Logic
The ow logic controls the ow of your program.
Screen Painter Modes
The Screen Painter has a Layout Editor with two modes:
● Graphical mode (available only on Windows platforms)
● Alphanumeric mode.
In the graphical mode, you use a drag and drop interface similar to a drawing tool. In
the alphanumeric mode, you use your keyboard and menus. To activate the graphical
mode, in the Screen Painter choose Utilities → Settings →Graphical layout editor.
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Screen Elements
A screen can contain a wide variety of elements, either for displaying eld contents, or
for allowing the user to interact with the program (for example, lling out input elds or
choosing pushbutton functions). You use the Screen Painter to arrange elements on
the screen.
You can use the following elements:
· Text elds
· Checkbox elements
· Pushbuttons
· Frame
· Subscreens
· Table controls
· Tabstrip controls
· Custom Controls
· Status icons
· OK eld
Menu Painter(SE41):
The Menu Painter is one of the tools of the ABAP Workbench. You use it to design user
interfaces for your ABAP programs and to de ne the functions that you want to use
within these interfaces.
ABAP programs contain a wide variety of functions which fall into different categories
within the user interface. An instance of the user interface consisting of a menu bar, a
toolbar for system function keys (standard toolbar), and an application toolbar, is
called a GUI status. The GUI status and GUI title de nes how the user interface looks
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called a GUI status. The GUI status and GUI title de nes how the user interface looks
and behaves in an ABAP program. You can see a representation of these objects in the
gure below.
Let us learn more features of screen elements and using screen painter what elements
can we create .
Description : Modal Dialog Box is a Pop up window which is displayed on the top of the
screen.
Subscreens
You can call multiple sub screens in the same area and is done dynamically during
runtime by using variable screen number.
At any given point of time, only one sub screen can be called in the sub screen area.
F4 help
You can call dialog modules in the POV event using the event keyword PROCESS ON
VALUE-REQUEST.
PROCESS ON VALUE-REQUEST.
...
FIELD <f> MODULE <mod>.
...
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F4IF_FIELD_VALUE_REQUEST
F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST
eld mandatory/obligatory
Radio buttons
Special input/output elds that are combined into groups. Within a radio button group,
only a single button can be selected at any one time. When the user selects one
button, all of the others are automatically deselected. Radio button elements can be
linked with function codes.
Creation of Variants
We can create selection screen variant for module pool programs. Module
programming can be used with Selection Screens and similar to the report
programming, variants can be saved and loaded.
Context Menu
The Use of Context menu in Screen ,is adding Right click menu options in screen
Through Screen painter context-speci c menus can be de ned on dynpros for any of
the following screen elements:
Input/output elds
Text elds
Table controls
Group boxes
Subscreens
Wizard creation
Wizard is a tool that guides a user to do a certain task in SAP step by step.
Step-loops
Step loops are objects for screen table display that are added to a screen in the
Screen Painter. They are preferred in cases of Radio-frequency applications where ALV
displays or table controls pose a hindrance with respect to small displays and
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navigational issues.
Fixed Step-loops
In case of Fixed step-loops, the number of lines of records would be xed as when
designed. You can increase the number of records at run time. Although the number of
records can be decreased as per programming logic if number of records in table to be
displayed are less than xed number.
Variable Step-loops
In case of variable step-loops, at run time we can increase the number of repetitive
blocks depending on the size of the screen.
Select-options
Table Control
We can display the data in the table format using table control which provides us with
the below functions:
automatic table resizing (vertical and horizontal) when the user resizes the window
separator lines between rows and between columns (vertical and horizontal)
Insertion
Deletion
Scrolling
First
Last
Next
Previous
Select
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Select all
Deselect
Deselect all
images
Tabstrips
Areas on the screen in which you can switch between various pages.
Checkbox
We would design a screen with an input eld for customer number and three check
boxes for Name, City and Address. Upon entering the customer number and selecting
any of the check boxes, the corresponding data should be displayed
Logo
De ning a Range
We can display the button with different text after the click or some action.
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