CHAPTER 3

QUESTION 1

In my opinion, in terms of the stages of mental processes involved in speaking in L1 and L2,
they are entirely the same. However, there is a main distinction that I can actually understand
which is the knowledge of both languages. When there is a huge gap of knowledge of language's
basic components such as grammar and vocabulary, we can see now that the process of speaking
a L2 is more complicated than the L1.

QUESTION 2

Aspects/Theory Behaviourist Cognitivist Sociocultural

Definition The formation of good The learning of Situates learning
language ‘habits’ complex skill, like process firmly on the
through repeated speaking. social context.
reinforcement.
Why? To develop automatic Seen as a movement In order to reach
habits. from controlled to autonomy in skill, the
automatic processing. learner first need to the
mediation of ‘better
other’ such as parents,
peers or teachers.
Steps or methods Listening to, and Awareness-raising, Assisted performance
imitating, a taped proceduralization, (scaffolding),
dialogue, followed by autonomy. appropriation, self-
repetition of features of regulation.
the dialogue, and
performance of the
dialogue in class.