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m
^
fc pTerj
MEASUREMENTS
--
'n

Each question has four possible answers, encircled the correct answer:
The study of physics deals with:
(a ) Laws of motion (b) The structure of space and time
(c) Force present in the nature (d ) All of the above
The science of physics based on:
(a) Hypothesis (b) Experiments and measurements
(c) Only definition (d ) Fundamental quantities
The branch of physics “ wave mechanics” introduced by:
(a ) Einstien (b) Max Planck
(c) De-broglie < d)
The branch of physics which deals with the nuclear particles such as neutrons, protons and
nuclear structure is called :
(a) Particle physics ( b) Solid state physics
(c) Plasma physics (d ) Nuclear physics
The branch of physics which deals with the properties of gravitational field, electromagnetic
field and nuclear field is called:
(a) Aerodynamics (b) Acorestics
(c) Hydrodynamicss (d) Field theory
The idea that light is electromagnetic waves was introduced by:
(a) Crooks (b) Fermi
(c ) Maxwell Planck (d ) Newton
Laws of physics expressed in terms of :
(a ) Base quantities ( b ) Derived quantities
(c) Both a ( ) & ( b ) (d ) None of these
The study of nature is classified into :
(a Five
) branches ( b ) Two branches
(c ) Six branches ( d ) None of these
Engineering physics , Astrophysics , Bio -physics and Geophysics are:
(a ) Branches of Chemistry (b) Branches of Physics
(c) Applied physics ( d ) None of these
is area of physics:
(a ) * Chemical physics (b) Astrophysics
(c) Mechanics (d) None of these
1
 • •\ i tr i
- L-

2
11. The study of physics involves investigating such things as:
-
[CHAPTER 1] MEASUREMENT
* OBJECTIVE PHYSICS PART.I
(a ) Structure of space and time 23. Which of the following jg a 3
set of supplementary
(a ) Radian and kilogram units:
(b) Laws of motion
( b ) Stcradian and
(c) Mole and radian time
(c ) The interaction between different particles
24 . The SI unit for measuring plane • d ) Radian and steradian
(d ) All of the above angle Is:
12. Physist started believing that every thing about physics has been discovered by the end of
:
(a ) Radian
(c) Both (a ) & (b)
( b) Steradian

“
(a ) 20' Century (b) 19* Century
25. The present standard metre is
(d ) None of these
(c) 15* Century (d ) None of these defined as:
(a ) The distance between
13. The overlapping of physics and other fields gave birth to: two points on an alloy bar
(b) The length of mean solar day
( a ) Areas of ph >* ics ( b ) Areas of science
(c) The length equal to 165076373
(c ) Interdisciplinary areas of physics (d ) All of these wavelength of krypton at 86 aim
14. The branch of physics which deals with the study of production , propagation and properties of (d ) The distance travel by the light in vacuum during a time I
of second
sound waves is called: 299792458
26 . ;wl units of time was redefined in:
(a ) Heat and thermodynamics ( b) Optics ** ’ 900 (b) 1960
(c) Mechanics (d ) Acoustics (c) (d ) 1983 •
15. The branch of physics which deals with velocities approaches the velocity of light is called: Physical quantities are divided into:
(a ) Quantum physics ( b) Wave mechanics Six categories (b ) Three categories
(c) Relativistic mechanics (d ) None of these (c) Two categories (d ) None of these
16. Experimentation and practical verification was first introduced by : The quantities which are defined in terms of other physical quantities are called:
( a ) The Greek philosophers (b) The European scientists ( a ) Derived quantities (b) Base quantities
(c ) The Muslim scientists (d ) None of these (c) B h (a ) & (b) (d ) None of these
O 17. Physics based on Newtonian mechanics is called: 29.
* ^
, The basic units in system international (SI) units are:
(a ) Astrophysics (b) Classical physics (a ) Three ( b) Five
v (c ) Modem physics (d ) Meta physics (c) Two (d ) Seven

18. Pascal is famous for his work: 30. The fundamental quantities which form basic' for M.K .S system are:
(a ) Mass , work and time (b) Mass, acceleration & time
(a ) Hydrostatics (b) Hydrodynamics
(c) Velocity, force and time (d ) Mass, length and time
(c) Laws of gases (d ) Behaviour of elastic bodies #

19. System international (SI) was established in : 31.* Supplementary units are:
(a ) Five ( b ) Three •
(a) 1960 ( b) 1967
(c) Two ( d ) One
(c ) 1971 (d ) 1930
20. The basic quantity among the following is:
32.* The SI units of solid angle is:
(b) Steradian
(a ) Radian
(a) Torque (b ) Force

21.
(c) Mass (d ) Velocity
Which one of the scientist madt some contribution to geometrical optics ?
33.
(c ) Degree
The system international ( SI) built up from: ^
(d ) None o these

(b) Basic units

(a ) Derived units
(a ). Archimedes ( b ) Pythagoras (d ) All of these
(c) Supplementary units
(c ) Euclid (d ) Plato
34. Metre is the basic unit of:
22. Which of the following is the derived quantity: (b) Mass
(a ) Length
( a ) Time ( b ) Area (d ) Velocity
(c) Force
(c) Length (d ) Mass
4
35. The kilogram is the basic unit of:
-
[CHAPTER 1 ]
MEASUREMFtjyq
nRJECWE PHVSfCS PART 1
48. Time taken by light to
-
rcaift from sun to
(a) Length (b) (a) 7 min 20 sec earth is:
Mass
(c) Weight (d ) Time .
(c) 9 min 20 sec (b) 8 min 20
sec
36. One mile is equal to: 49. Time taken by light to reach
from
(d) None of
l to earth is:
these
(a ) 1.625 km (b ) 1.609 km (a) 1 min 20 sec
(b) 8 min 20 sec
(c) 1.325 km (d ) 1.850 km (c> 2 min 20 sec
37. One inch is equal to: 50 Number of seconds in
#
4 ) 3 min 20 sec

.
(a) 1.32 cm (b) 25.4 cm (a) 9000 sec
86400 sec
(c) 2.10 cm (d ) 2.54 cm (c) 43200 sec
3600 sec
38. One foo is equal to: 51. The unit of pressui m
^
(a ) 31.90 cm (b) 30.84 cm
(a) kg/m s2
. - >
its is:
(b) kg/ms
(c) 30.48 cm (c) kgms2
(d ) 84.30 cm (d ) None of these
39 . Number of nano second in a year is: Mean radius of the is:

(a) 3.1536 x 107 (b) 3.1536 x l O9 109 6.4 x l O3 mm

(b )
(c) 3.1536 xlO16 (d ) None of these (d ) None of these

40. gle subtended at the centre by a sphere of radius r is:

One year is equal to:
(a ) (b) 6n
/ a) 3.2 x 10 sec (b) 2.25 x 107 sec
(C) 67! (d) 4n
(c) 3.35 x 107 sec (d ) All of these
Steradian is defined by:
41. Light year is the unit of:
Area of a strip length
(a ) Light (b) Time (a )
(radius ) 2
/ u
(b*) ^
radius
(c ) Velocity (d ) Distance
Area
42. The SI unit of force is: ^ ( radius) 2 (d ) None of these

(a ) Newton (b) Joule .

SS ir The unit of thermodynamic temperature is:
(c) Dyne (d ) Volt (a ) K (b) C°
43. The SI unit of work is: (c) F> (d ) None of these
( a ) Newton (b ) Joule 56. One atto is:
(c ) Dyne (d ) Volt ' 16
(a) 10' 20 ( b) 10
44. The SI unit of power is*
(c) 10’14 (d ) 10
' 18

(a) Newton (b ) Watt 57. One femto is:

(c) Dyne (d ) Ampere 12
(a ) 10' 16 (b) 10 ’

45 . The SI unit of intensity of light is:

(c) 10- 3
' (d ) 10-9

(a ) Joule
(c) Kilomole
(b)
(d )
Mole
Candila
58. . One pico is:10 (b) 10‘ 12
(a ) 10‘

46 . The SI unit of amount of substance is:

(c) 10 - 18 (d ) 10
*
10

(a) Joule (b ) Mole accuracy of the measuring instruments:

59. significant , with the increases
figures
(c) Volt (d ) *Ohm The number of
( b) Increases
47. The SI units of angular momentum is: (a ) Decreases
(d ) None of these
(a) kg m/s (b) kg m/s 2 (c) Remains unchanged
2
(c) kg m / s (d ) None of these
6
[ CHAPTER- 1 ] M
60. The number of significant figures, with the EASUREMENTS OBJECTIVE PHYSICS PART-1
increases degree of approximation
:
(a ) Decreases
(b) Increases 72 . The least count of a un
*1 roeter rod is: 7
(c) Remains unchanged (d ) (a) 0.01 cm
None of these
61. The number of significant figure in 8.80 x 106 kg is: (c) Cannot be zero (b) 0.01 mm

(a ) 1 (b) 5 73 . The significant figure in

0.0010 are: —
I -
(d) Can be zero

(c) 3 (a) 4
(d ) 6
The number 64.350 is rounded off as: (c) 2
(a ) 64.35
(b) 64.46
74 . A precise measurement is
. (c) 64.36
(d ) 64.4
In scientific notation , the number 0.01 may be writte
(a) Less precision
(c) Absolute precision imum precision
n as: A All of the above
(a ) 10-1
(b) lC T* 75 . Total fractional unce inty in the period T 2
(c) 4 v = will be equal to:
lOxlO (d ) 1 x 10-4
"

(a ) Sum of fractional uncertainty

(b)
Different of uncertainties
The number of significant figures in 0.809999 is (c) Product of uncertainties in
/ and g (d ) None of these
(a ) 2
(b) 5 76 . uncertainty in the time period of a vibrating
body is calculated by:
(c ) 3 (d ) 4 (a ) Least count x Number of
.
vibrations (b) Least count / Number of vibrations
If length = 0.233 m and width 0.178 m , the
figures is:
= most accurate area expressed space of significant (c) Number of vibrations / Least count Least count
* ' Number of vibration x 100
(a ) 0.041 m 2 Dimensional analysis helps in
(b) 0.0415 m 2
(c ) 0.041747 m 2 (d ) None of these (a) Finding relation between quantities (b) To convert one unit into another
The number 0.0001 in scientific notation is: c ) To confirm the correct answer (d ) All of the above
(a ) 1 x 104 The dimension of force is:
(b) 1(T3
(c) 10 x 104 (a) [MLV 2] (b) [M 2L-2T]
(d ) 10-4
One mega is equal to: (c) [ MLT 2] (d ) [MLT]
(a ) 106 6
The dimension [ML2T2 ] belongs to:
(b) KT (a ) Pressure
(C) .103 (d ) 10 ’ (c) Momentum
(b) Energy
(d ) Power
Significant figures in 0.000546 are:
[ ML T0] is the dimension of:
'
,(») 3 (b) V
4 (a ) Surface density (b) Linear mass density
(c) 5 (d ) 1 (c) Volume mass density (d ) Weight density
The error in a certain measurement occurs due to:
The dimensions of weight are:
(a ) Neglig« ice of a person
*
(c) Faulty apparatus
(b) In appropriate technique
(d ) All of the above
(a) -
[L r 2]
2
(b > run
2
(c) [MUT ] (d ) [ML!
!
The uncertainty may occur due to:
82.
(a) Limitation of an instrument (b) Natural variance of the object
^ The dimensions of power are:
[ML!- ]
2 2
(a ) [MLV ] 3 (b)
(c) Personal negligence (d ) AII of the above
(c) [MLT ] "
(d ) None of these
Systematic error occurs due to:
83. The dimension of density are:
(a ) Instrument ( b) Zero error of the instrument 2 (b)
2
[M L ] 2
(a ) [ML ] '

(d ) None of these -3 (d ) None of these

(C) [ ML ]
8
84. The circumference of the earth was determined by :
-
[CHAPTER 1] MEASUREMENTS

a Ibn -al -Haitham (b) Bohr

OBJECTIVE PHYSICS PART i -
96. The diameter of a nucleus is: 9
Chadwick (d) Al - Beruni ~ 12
(a) 10 m
~ ,0
Hahn discovered uranium fission in : 20 (b) 10 m
(c) lCT m
( a ) 1935 (b) 1939 97. . Which one of the followi g ientists
) HT15 m«
(c) 1938 (d ) 1940
made some contributions to geometrical optics -
(a) Euclid
(b) Plato ‘
Period of audible sound waves is: (c) Archimedes (d ) None of these
(a) 4 xl 02 sec (b ) 1 x 10 3 sec '

98. The founder of mathe: ical physics is:

(c} 8 x 10 sec (d ) 1 x 103 sec (a) Archimedes
(b) Plato
Errors due to incorrect design of a device are called: (c) Euclid
(d ) Aristotle
( a ) Systematic eiTor (b) Random error J1
99. The dimension; o a lat of:
(c) Physical error (d ) None of these
_ . . .
_
.. 6 x 10 -8 (a )Velocity (b) Force
The solution of the problem
x 1Q - 2 = is correct given by : (c) Time (d ) Length
-4
^ 5 100. Which one of the following Muslim Mathematision determined the earths circumference-
(a ) 2 x 10 (b ) 2 x 10
'

(b) Al- Khawrizmi

(c )2 x 10 10
(d ) 2 x 10-6
'

(c) Al -Beruni (d ) None of these

Which of the following is a correct relation : 7
fr Symbolically solid angle is represented as:
(a ) 3
1 metre = 10 centimeter (b ) 1 decimetre = 102 centimetre a) rad (b) Sr
4
1 millimetre = 10 metre
(c)
3
(d) None of these
:
c) 0 (d ) Cd
Density of air is 1.2 kg/m . It can be expressed in gm/cnr by: 7.3 .650 rounded off upto one decimal is:
(a ) 1.2 x 10 * (b ) 12 x lCT4
"

(a) 73.6 (b) 73.7

(c) 1.2 xlO 6
(c) 12 x 103 (c) 74.00 (d) 73.65
The period of the earth is equal to: ~2
103. [LT ] is demensional formula for.
(a ) One solar day (b ) One lunar day
^
(a ) Velocity (b ) Force
(c ) One astronomical day (d ) None of these (c) Acceleration (d) Momentum
One peta is equal to: 104. The angle between two radii of a circle which cut off on the circumference an arc . equal in

(a ) 10
' 12 (b) 10
, s length to the radius, is:
(a) 57.3° (b) 3'
(c) 1T
( 15
(d ) 109
(c) 37.5° (d ) None of these
One exa is:
13 105. Solid angle is dimensional angle .
1018
(a ) (b) 10 '

(b) 3
(a ) 2
(0 1013 (d ) 1012 (d$ None of these
(c) Both (a) , (b)
The diameter of the milky way is: error.
106. The error is constant for
23
(a ) JO m (b ) 102° m (a) Random (b ) Systematic
30
10Mm (dt 10 m
'

(c) (c) Both (a), (b) (d ) All

The diameter of an atom is: 107. For 0.0036 no. of significant digits:
12
(a ) 10 ' ° m (b) 3
~
(b) 10
'

m (a ) 4
rJ 13 (d) 1
10 m
'
10
108. For 2.450 no. of significant digits: -
[CHAPTER 1] MEASUREMENT
* OBJECTIVE PHYSICS PART-!
(a) 4 ,
ii
( b) 3

109.
(c) 2
For 1.40 xlO3 , no. of significant digits:
(d ) 1 ANSWERS
1. (d ) 2. (d)
(a ) 3 3. .
(b) 4 5. (d ) 6.
(c ) 4 (d )
(c) 2 7. (c )
(d ) 1 9. (b) 10.
8. ( b)
(c ) 11.
110. Consider two lengths of (10 ± 0.1) cm out (20 (d ) 12.
± 0.1) cm measured by a niler, which , more 13. (c) 14.
(b)
accurate . is (d ) 15. (c ) 16. (c )
17. ( b) .
(a ) 1* (b ) 2 nd
21. (a )
18 (b) 19 . (a ) 20. (c) *

(c) Same 22. (b) 23.

(d ) None (d ) 24. (a)
25 . (c ) 26 . .
111. As F = 67rrjrv. Dimensions of coefficient of viscosity r\ :
29.
TO 27 (c) - 28. (a)
(a) [ ML^r ] 1
(b) [MLT ] -1
(|
4 30 . (d ) 31. (c ) 32. ( b)
(c) [MU^T ] 1
(d ) [ML]
33. (d) 34 . (a) . 35. (b) 36. (b)
37. (d > 38. 39.
112. Dimensions of specific gravity: (c ) (c ) 40. (a )
(a ) [M°L*r°]
41 . (d) 42 . (a) 43. (b) 44. (b)
( b) [ MLT]
_ 45. (d ) 46. .
(c) [ML lT] (b) 47 (c ) 48. ( b)
. (d ) None
49. 50. 51.
113 . Dimensions of specific heat:
(a) (b) (a ) 52 . (c)
( a’ [L2T 2K ]'
53 . (d ) 54. (a) 55. (a ) 56. (d )
(b) [LW ] 1
57. (c) 58. (b) 59. (b) .
(c) [MLT*] (d ) None
60 (a )

114. Dimensions of refractive index:

61. (c ) 62. (d ) 63. (a) 64. (c)
65. (a) 66. (d ) 67. (a) 68. (a )
(a ) [ MLT] (b ) [M°L'T°]
69. (d ) 70. (d ) 71. (d ) 72. (c )
(c) [ ML 'r ] 2
(d ) None
.
115 . The time of 30 vibrations of a simple pendulum recorded by a stopwatch
73 (c ) 74. (a ) 75. (a) 76. (d ) *

accura
of a second, then uncertainty is: 77. (a) 78. (0 79. (b) 80. (b)
(a ) 0.3s ( b) 0.003s 81. (c ) 82. (a) 83. (c) 84. (d )
(c ) 0.0003s (d ) 0.03s 85. (c) 86. (b) 87. (a) 88. (d)
116 . The %age uncertainty for V and I is 2% and 6 % respectively . Hence total
uncertainty in the 89. (c ) 90 . ( b) 91. (a ) 92. (b)
v S in 93. 95. 96.
value of R = is: y (a ) 94. (b) (a) (d)

97. (a) 98. (a) 99. (d ) 100. (c )

1
fa ) 8% ( b)
3
% 101. (b) 102. (b) 103. (c ) 104. (a )

107. (O 108. (a )
( c) 4% (d ) 3% 105. ( b) 106. (b)

The energy of a photon of light of frequency f is given by hf , where h is the Planck constant . 109. (a ) 110. (a ) 111. (a ) 112. (a )

115. (b) 116. (a )

113. (b) 114. (b)
( b) kg mV 117. ( b)
2 3
(d ) kg m s
12
[ CHAPTER- 1]
MEASUREMENTC OBJECTIVE PHYSICS PARTI

SHORT QUESTIONS 1.5 ,

Ans
am °you make reillrd ^
can youmake
ch
regarding experimental
The analogous statement
regarding
^
ls on y slr® ng
as
data used “
its weakest link” What analogue

experimental data used in

statement
in computation?
.
1.1 Name several repetitive phenomenon occurring in nature which could trom an cxpenmental data computation is “ A result obtained
used in computation is only
serve as reasonable T he period of simple pendulum
at accurate as its least accurate reading” .
lime standard . 1.6 is measured by a stop atch. What type
in the time period? * of errors are possible
Ans. Any natural phenomenon that repeats itself after exactly same time interval can
be used as a
measure of time . The repetitive phenomenon could serve as reasonable lime standard
. Ans . When the period of a simple pendulum
is
in nature are as follows: occurring arc possible: •watch , the following types of errors
1. Sun: Sun served as reasonable time standard because sunset and sunrises gives 1. Systematic Error: The error due to
the the fault in the measuring instrument is called
systematic error i .e. . zero error.
information of lime .
2. Personal ie lue to the faulty procedure of an observer is called personal
2. Moon: Moon is also reasonable time standard because it gives the information of time. error.
3. Weather: Changing of weather can also give information about time. 1.7 Does dimem ! analy: i give any information on constant of proportionality that may
4. Rotation of Earth on its axis. appear in an al ression ? Explain.

5. Rotation of Earth around the sun . Ans. Dimensional analysis does not give any information about the constant of proportionality or
dimensionless constant. For example
6. Oscillation of a simple pendulum .
1.2
Ans.
Give draw backs to use the period of a pendulum as a time standard .
As we know that the time period of a simple pendulum depends upon the length and value ol g at
m = Constant x
4
The numerical value of this constant cannot determined by dimensional analysis.
any place . Since
Write the dimension of:

(I )
T = 2n
4
It is clear that time period of a simple pendulum depends upon the value of g 1
(i )
(i)
Pressure (ii)
Dimensions of Pressure:
F
Density

ma
same length may have different tim
different at different places. So a pendulum of
for m
As
^ “
•A
~ A
cannot be taken as standard
at difference places. So period of pendulum 2
kg ms
"

time .
l
- , -
Unit of P = kgm s ‘
" 2

air resist m
pendulum changes due to
,
( ii ) Friction: l ime period of a simple - 2
, lengt h of simple pendulum [P] = [ML T ]
: In summer due to increase in temperature
( ill ) Temperature
changes so lime period changes. (ii) Dimensions of Density:
amo uni of substance , the kilogram and Mass
units for the
1.3 Why do we find it useful to have two As Density = volume
the mole? wc
. and mole . If
= *m5 =
i e . kilogram 3
amount of substance kgm
'

.
Ans It is very useful to have two units for
of
the
mass without considering number of microscopic atoms Unit of density
want to consider a specific amounts of different substances contains 3]
Because one kilogram
= [ ML
"

present ut it . it is useful to use kilogram .

. [Density]
consider a fixed number of atoms present in
speed V of the wave and its frequency f
of molecules . While if wc want to of depends on the
different number of any substance contains the same numbci 1.9 The wavelength A, of a wave
to use mole . Because on mole
it then it is useful Knowing that:
atoms or molecules. = rr ]1

Three student ’ s measured the length of needle wit In a scale on which minimum division
und why ?
is
UJ = [ LJJv] = (L T
{
) flnd l
^ v
1.4
I mm and recorded us ( i ) 0.2145 m f ii ) 0.21 m Oil ) 0.214 m . Which record is correct
of a ofthefoUowIng isco rrect, f = vXorf = x -
the other records because the least count Decide w hich
Ans. In these records (iii ) 0.2 id m is more correct than
rn . So according to this figure , the student measure
scale is 1 mm which can be written as 0.001
ihat type of record is correct .
16
-
[CHAPTER 1] MEASUREMENT
*
To Find
(a ) Seconds in one year = ?
0>) Nanosecond in one year = ?
(c) Years in one second ? =
SOLUTION
(a) As we know that
1 year = 365 days
= 365 x 24 x 3600
= 3.15 xlO7 sec.
Seconds in one year = 3.15 x 107 sec.
(b) As 1 year = 3.15 x l 07 x l 09 nsec. Since 1 ns 9
= 10 s
= 3.15 x 1016 nanosecond 1s = 109 ns
(c > As 1 year = 7
3.15 x l O sec .
1
year 1 second
risTio 7
7
1 second = 0.317 x 10 years
8
= 3.17 x 10 years
Result
(a ) Number of seconds in one year = 3.15 x 107 seconds
( b) Number of nanoseconds in one year = 3.15 x 1016 nanosecond
8
ic ) Number of years in one second = 3.17 x 10 years
"

PROBLEM 1.3
The length and width of a rectangular plate are measured to be 15.3 cm
.
respectively Find the area of the plate.
Data
Length of rectangular plate = L= 15.3 cm
Width of rectangular plate W= 12.80 cm
To Find
Area of the plate = A = ?

SOLUTION
As we know that
Area = Length x Width
= 15.3 x 12.80
2
= 195.84 cm
Result
2
Area of rectangular plate A = 196 cm
r-
18
-
[ CHAPTER 1] MEASURE
MENT!!
4rrl
g = ¥
~ ~ OBJECTIVE PHYSICS
PART-1
Putting the values F x r2
2
G = mim2
4(3.14) x 1 2
g m ax r
( 2.01 )2 * = mi x m2 *
*> 39.4384 kg _. m/s2 x m 2
4.04 Unit of G .
2
kg kg -
g = 9.7 6 ms
/ m 3

Since Uncertainty in length = 0.1 cm kgs

% uncertainty in length = 0.1 % Dimensions of G
For unit of G
% uncertainty in time 0.005 0.1
“
2.01 x 10 0 Since = 0.0 05 sec
20 .
= kg . k g
= 0.25%
Thus Total uncertainty in ‘g” = % uncertainty in time ( %
*
Result
+2 uncertainty in tim e)
=
0.1 + 2(0.25) Dimensions of G =
= 0.1 + 0 . 5 Unit of G
=
0.6% PROBLEM L7 \
Thus Uncertainty in calculated value of g = 0.6 X 0.97 Show that the expression Vf Vi + at dimensionally cor
= rect, where Vj is the velocity at t 0,
JQQ
a is acceleration and vf is the velocity at time t. =
2
= 0.06 m/s < Data
Hence g = (9.76 ± 0.06 ) m/s2 The given equation is
Result Vf = Vj + at
Acceleration due to gravity = g = (9.76 ± 0.06 ) m/s 2 To Find
Is the equation dimensionally correct = ?
PROBLEM 1.6
SOLUTION t
What are the dimensions and units of gravitational constant G in the form
m i m2
Now Vf = Vj + at
F = G ~
p In unit form
m m m
Data = 7 +?x s
The given formula is
F =
_ m m?
S
m
S =
m m
+
7 7
L L L
To Find T ‘T + T
Where 2 is constant so it is dimensionless
Dimensions of G = ?
L L
Unit of G = ?
T =
T
SOLUTION [Lr‘] = [LT ] 1

Now for dimensions [LT ] = [LT' l

1
20
-
[ CHAPTER 1] MEASUREMENTS
PROBLEM 1.8
OBJECTIVE PHYSICS
PART-1
The speed V of sound waves through a medium 1
may be assumed to depend on (a ) a+ 21
density p of the medium and ( b ) Us modulus of
elasticity E which is the ratio of stress th e 2 0 =
Deduce by the method of dimensions, the formula to strain .
for the speed of sound.
[ SOLUTION
As we know that the speed of sound depends upon the Putting the values in eq . (i )
following two factors
(i) Density pa and ( ii ) Elasticity Eb
Since v « p*Eb
v = Constant x p*Eb (i)
Writing dimensions of quantities on both the sides .

Dimensions of velocity Result

V
= [LT 1 ]
The formula
The dimensions of density p Mass
= Volume
Unit of p
PROBLEM 1.
3
[p] = [ML ]’

iw that thi ms “ Einstein equation” E = me 2 is dimensionally consistent.

and Dimensions of elasticity Stress F
E = Strain A
Where strain has no dimensions
ma
v jven equation is
E
_
= me 2
E
A
riting the dimension of both sides
kg m/ s 2
Unit of E
rn
Dimension of energy (E ) = Work = F.d
= ma . d
[E] ^
= -m.s7 = [1ML 'T J]
" 2
Unit of work = kg r.m
Putting in equation ( i ) ^mr
2
1
Constant [ML 3]* [ML-'T2] = kg
[LT ] =
^
"

1 - 3*
[LT ] = Constant x [M‘L ][MbL lT 2b] "

[W ] = [ MLV 2
] (i)
+b
= *
Constant x [M L
2 m
2

Comparing the exponents Unit of me = kg I s

For L
ForT
- 3a - b
-2b
= l
= -1
= 7kg
m 2

For M a+b = 0
2
[ me ] = [MLV] (ii )

As -2b = - 1 From eq . (i ) and (ii )

1 -2
1 -
1 2
[ML ! ] = [ ML ! ]
b = T2 Result
E = me is dimensionally consistent.
2
Hence the Einstein ’ s equation
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 X•

22
[CHAPTER- 1] MEASUREMENTS
PROBLEM 1.10
Suppose , we are told that the acceleration of a part
icle moving in a circleDf radius r
uniform speed V is proportional to some power of , with
r say r“ , and some power of v, say vm
determine the powers of r and V? ‘ VECTORS AND
SOLUTION EQUILIBRIUM
According to statement, the acceleration of particle moving in a circle can
be written as
a oc r*vm Each question has four possibl
e answers, encircled
the correct answer
A scalar quantity can be des
a = Constant x r"vm 0) ( a ) Magnitude
cribed by:
Writing the dimension of both sides (b) Unit
Dimensions of acceleration = [ a ] = [LT-2]
Dimensions of radius = [ r ] m = [L]
(c) Magnitude and unit
A vector quanti
(a ) Directi
V (d ) Number
by magnitude, unit and:
(b) Rotation
Dimensions of velocity = [ v ] = [ur 1
] (c) Dimension
Putting in eq . ( i ) (d) Unit vector
2 is a vector quantity:
[LT ]
2
=
Constant x [ L ]° [LT1]®
(b) Power
, [LT ] = Constant x [ L“ ] [LT"]
-2 (d ) Momentum
[LT ] = Constant x [Ln + m T m ]
e following is a scalar quantity:
Comparing the exponents
(b) Displacement
n+m 1 Force (d )
Torque
-m = -2 lines are drawn at right angle to each other are known as:
m = 2 a ) Coordinate axis (b) xy-axis
(c ) Components (d ) Cartesian axis
Putting in above
A vector which gives the direction of a given vector is called:
n+2 = 1
(a ) Unit vector ( b ) Position vector
n 1-2
(c ) Null vector (d ) Negative vector
n = -1 When a vector is divided by its magnitude we get:
Putting in eq . ( i ) (a ) Null vector ( b) Unit vector
a = Constant x r v
"

' 2
(c) Zero vector (d ) Position vector
V 2 Pick out the scalar quantity among the following:
a = Constant x ”
(a ) Force ( b ) Torque

Result (c ) Time (d ) Velocity

The acceleration of a particle moves with velocity in a circle of radius r is Pick out the vector quantity among the following:
( b ) Energy
a = Constant x —
v 2 (a ) Power
(c ) Force (d ) • Mass

The magnitude of a null vector is: