ABSTRACT

BASEMENT TO STUDY VARIOUS TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION

OF BASEMENT, DIFFERENT METHORDOLOGY
AND NEW TRENDING TECHNOLOGY APPLIED
FOR BASEMENT.

CONSTRUCTIO MADHU MURALIDHAR KINI

Fr.Y.B.ARCH.

N AND BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

SEM VII
ROLL. NO. 06
DATE 5/8/18

METHORDOLO SAMYAK SANKALPA COLLEGE

OF ARCHITECTURE

GY
CONSTRUCTION AND METHORDOLOGY
 BASEMENT CONSTRUCTION AND METHORDOLOGY

INDEX
SR. NO. TITLE PAGE NO.
1 INTRODUCTION 2
2 TYPES OF BASEMENT 2 TO 3
 DAYLIGHT BASEMENT
 LOOKOUT BASEMENT
 WALKUP BASEMENT
 SUBBASEMENT
 FINISHED FULLY UNDERGROUND CELLUR
 UNDERGROUND CRAWL SPACE
3 TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION AND ITS METHOD 3 TO 8
 TYPE OF EXCAVATION
 TYPE OF FOUNDATION
o SHALLOW FOUNDATION
o DEEP FOUNDATION
 TYPE OF SLAB
 TYPE OF WATER PROOFING
 TYPE OF DRAINAGE
4 BIBLIOGRAPHY 9
5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 9

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 BASEMENT CONSTRUCTION AND METHORDOLOGY

1] INTRODUCTION
A basement or cellar is one or more floors of a building that are either completely or partially below
the ground floor. They are generally used as a utility space for a building where such items as
the boiler, water heater, breaker panel or fuse box, car park, and air-conditioning system are located;
so also are amenities such as the electrical distribution system, and cable television distribution point.

2] TYPES OF BASEMENT
 DAY LIGHT BASEMENT:-
A daylight basement or a walk-out basement is contained in a house situated on a slope, so that part of
the floor is above ground, with a doorway to the outside. The part of the floor lower than the ground can
be considered the true basement area.

 LOOKOUT BASEMENT:-
In a "look-out" basement, the basement walls extend sufficiently above ground level that some of the
basement windows are above ground level. Where the site slopes gently and is insufficient for a walk-out
basement, a look-out basement tends to result. Sometimes, a look-out basement is deliberately
constructed even on a flat site.
The advantage is that the basement windows are all above grade.
The disadvantage is that the main floor entry is above grade as well, utilizing stairs to access the main
floor.

 WALKUP BASEMNET:-
A "walk-up" basement is any basement that has an exterior entrance via a stairwell. Some designs cover
the stairwell with angled "basement doors" or "bulkhead doors" to keep rain water from accumulating in
the stairwell.

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 BASEMENT CONSTRUCTION AND METHORDOLOGY

 SUBBASEMENT:-
A subbasement is a floor below the basement floor. In the homes where there is any type of basement
mentioned above such as a look-out basement, all of the volume of subbasements from floor to ceiling
are located well below ground. Therefore, subbasements have no windows nor an outside door. In the
homes that have subbasements, all of basement can be used as part of main home where people relax and
do recreational things while all of subbasement can be used for storage.

 FINISHED FULLY UNDERGROUND CELLAR:-

A finished fully underground cellar is a room below ground level in a house that is often used for the
storage. A cellar is intended to remain at a constant cool (not freezing) temperature all year round and
usually has either a small window/opening or some form of air ventilation (air/draught bricks, etc.) In
order to help eliminate damp or stale air.

 UNDERGROUND CRAWL SPACE:-

An underground crawl space (as the name implies) is a type of basement in which one cannot stand up
the height may be as little as one foot (30 cm), and the surface is often soil. Crawl spaces offer a
convenient access to pipes, substructures and a variety of other areas that may be difficult or expensive
to access otherwise. While a crawl space cannot be used as living space, it can be used as storage, often
for infrequently used items.

MADHU MURALIDHAR KINI 3


3] TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION AND ITS METHOD
 TYPES OF EXCAVATION
EXCAVATION TYPE
Open excavation
Perimeter trench excavation
Complete excavation
Excavating plant
BASEMENT CONSTRUCTION AND METHORDOLOGY
PICTURE ADVANTAGES/
DISADVANTAGES
Cost of plant and man power
backfilling and consolidation must
be offset by side of excavation.
This method is large amount of
free sit required
Perimeter excavation can also be
employed in firm subsoil when the
mechanical plant required for
excavating the dumpling is not
available at the right time
The sides of excavation can
supported from the formation level
using raking struts pitched from
the edges of the basement slab
MADHU MURALIDHAR KINI 4
 BASEMENT CONSTRUCTION AND METHORDOLOGY

 FOUNDATION :
 SHALLOW FOUNDATION

METHOD PICTURE DESCRIPTION ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE

Pad A footing remote to roaden Cheap, easy, Not good in
A load. Simple, little Weak soils. Or
Materials used Reactive soils

Strip A footing that goes around Strongest Not good on

The perimeter of the ground Shallow Highly reactive
In a longitudinal direction Foundation, can Soils, more

Where the load is. Be changed for Complicated

The different soil Than the pad footing

Raft A single slab is poured with Lightweight, Complicated

The reinforcement and Both slab and Compared to the
Footings all ready. Foundation Pad footing, a
Created at once Lot of time in
Making it very strong Preparation

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 BASEMENT CONSTRUCTION AND METHORDOLOGY

 DEEP FOUNDATION
METHOD PICTURE DESCRIPTION ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE

Piled (bedrock) The pile reaches Most solid Sometimes may

Solid bedrock and Foundation possible Need to go very

Can put all the Deep to uncover

Weight on the Bedrock

Bedrock.

Piled (friction) The pile does not Strongest Complicated, many

Reach any ground Foundation in Calculations need to

And has to use the Locations without Be done and a lot of

Friction around to Bedrock Testing on the soil

Allow the building to Needed to ensure

Stand. The footings will

Hold

Caissons Hollowed hole More quiet than the Time taken to make

Where concrete can Other two deep

Be poured into Footings.

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 BASEMENT CONSTRUCTION AND METHORDOLOGY

 TYPE OF SLAB
TYPE PICTURE
Concrete pour

Precast

 WATER PROOFING
TYPE PICTURE DISCRIPTION ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Liquid membrane A polymer liquid that Good for Cannot be used
is painted on to form complex under the slab
an impermeable structures
barrier

Bituminous paint A liquid that is Good for Cannot be used

painted on to form an complex under the slab
impermeable barrier structures

Styrofoam’s A solid polymer that Can be used Not useful as

is solid and rigged under slab waterproofing
that forms an membrane in
impermeable barrier complex situations

Polymer A polymer that is Can be used for Time taken to setup

membrane solid but not rigid complex can take some time
that forms an structure.
impermeable barrier Canbe used
under slab

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 BASEMENT CONSTRUCTION AND METHORDOLOGY

 DRAINAGE

TYPE PICTURE DESCRIPTION ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Tanking Creating an Water table can be Needs a pump makes
impermeable above the noise
barrier that basement floor
doesn’t allow
water in but if
water comes in
gets pumped out

Cavity Drainage that Un noticeable Water table has to be

drainage allows a gap in gaps below basement has
the membrane to a to have a concrete
drainage channel where the car park
wont need it

Exterior Drainage that uses Most effective Water table has to be

foundation an exterior system way of drainage below basement
drain to drain away that is quick

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 BASEMENT CONSTRUCTION AND METHORDOLOGY

4] BIBLOGRAPHY

Https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basement

Https://www.google.co.in/search?Q=open+excavation+basement+construction&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X
&ved=0ahukewj6hla_xdbcahudpo8khs-rcvaq_auicigb&biw=1536&bih=759#imgrc=ygbiru3fr-9hcm:

Https://www.google.co.in/search?Tbm=isch&q=EXCAVATING+PLANT+basement+construction&chips=q:ex
cavating+plant+basement+construction,online_chips:digging&sa=X&ved=0ahukewijsl2qydbcahxiv48khs15bko
q4lyikigd&biw=1536&bih=759&dpr=1.25#imgrc=biv3bao32e1bdm:

Https://www.google.co.in/search?Biw=1536&bih=759&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=qennw-
o6kzaqvqsq04_ocg&q=COMPLETE+EXCAVATION+basement+construction&oq=COMPLETE+EXCAVATI
ON+basement+construction&gs_l=img.12...347544.356806.0.360422.23.21.2.0.0.0.190.2253.13j8.21.0....0...1c.
1.64.img..1.4.241...0i7i30k1j0i7i5i30k1j0i8i7i30k1.0.x3Qps5pw8Ck#imgrc=_

Https://www.google.co.in/search?Tbm=isch&q=STRIP+FOOTING+basement+construction&chips=q:strip+foo
ting+basement+construction,online_chips:raft&sa=X&ved=0ahukewinpatqztbcahubxcskhafadwqq4lyilsgg&biw
=1536&bih=710&dpr=1.25#imgrc=9T4D_mixbwr6-M:

Https://www.academia.edu/7570121/Construction_Technology_3_Assignment_2_Basement_Construction

GUIDED BY :- AR. RAHUL WALIMBE SIR

AR. VIKAS PADALKAR SIR

MADHU MURALIDHAR KINI 9