Cedric and Friends

UNIVERSITY OF MAKATI
HIGHER SCHOOL NG UMAK
"THE IMPACTS OF SMARTPHONES TO ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF G12

ACCOUNTANCY AND BUSINESS MANAGEMENT STUDENTS’ IN UNIVERSITY OF
MAKATI"
A Proposal presented to the Faculty of University of Makati, Higher School ng UMAK
In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements the Project
In Practical Research Subject
Trisha Bardon
Laiza Cruiz
Howard Fernandez
Sharmaine Flores
Cristina Margarette Gomez
Andrei Cedric Macatuggal
Nova Sabalo
Claire Valencia
G12-05 ABM
Ms. Abigeyle Lalic

CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTINGS
Introduction
Smartphone plays a vital role in our lives. We students, find things much
easier because of Smartphone. Smartphone contains multimedia phone features which
includes camera, sound recording etc. These features assists students to drive their
creatively and their learning process. Smartphone also contains some useful apps to
help students communicate and gather information.
Students who are using smart phones could access information and learning content
almost everywhere and whenever they want to. Smart phones are used for task
oriented activities but at the same time those advantages has a negative impact and
one example of it is distraction. Texting a friend is tempting that many students select
over listening to a lecture or completing a class assignment. Many teachers worry that
this added distraction negatively impacts students’ school performance as it stop them
from dedicating their full attention to their studies.
Smart phones which come in different types and models each for specific task and or
functions is one of the basic essential gadgets possessed by an average school student
which relatively might certainly influence such students’ academic performance
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of smart phones on Grade 12 ABM
students in University of Makati. We also aim to give useful facts and ideas to all of our
readers to identify the advantages and disadvantages of using smart phones.
Background of the study
Smartphones has a lot of advantages for us. We students, one of it is for easier
and faster communication.
According to Yigit Sen’s(2015) By the increase of the capability and skills of

smartphones, consumption of smartphones raised too high. Having this kind of thing will
help us to communicate easier and more convenient to bring anywhere. Smartphones
are turning into a pocket computer. As an Accountancy Business and Management
students, smartphones are very useful for us in terms of communication. We can easily
communicate with one another and exchange different thoughts, opinions and ideas.
Applications on smart phone are suitable for students because of its different
contexts like mobile internet, camera, telephone connection, Agenda among many more
downloadable applications. Life without a smartphone is for many people unthinkable;
thus, people are getting in some way dependent on their smartphone. Norries et al. (2011)
found that students were constantly using the smartphone camera to take picture of
abstract concepts taught in class so that they can relate them with the concrete ideas.
Students are now less attentive to whom they are with in person and indulge themselves
in their smartphones (Wei & Leung, 1999).
Geser & Junco (2006); and Merson & Salter (2010) had observed that the youth have
consistently displayed higher level of attachment to their smartphones which could serve
as distractions to them because of the time channeled to the phones.
Statement of the problem
1.) What is the demographic profile of the respondent?
Age Gender
2.) What are the disadvantages of this study?

3.) How do smart phones affects student’s performance
4.) How does this study affects our knowledge of smart phones usage
5.) Can this research enhance our knowledge of smart phone usage?
6.) What are the advantages of this study in students’ daily life?
Significance of the study
This study is meant to reveal the effects of smart phones on G12 ABM students’
performance in school. It would expose the implications of spending too much time on
their smart phones. Also, can serve as precautionary measures toward achieving good
academic result for students.
Students
This study will be their guide on how to make research paper and they would be able to
know the areas that can be subject for further study.
Future Researchers
This will serve as their cross-reference that will guide them in the background or overview
of the impact of smartphones to student’s academic performance.
Teachers
This study provides educators with information on how smart phones affect the academic
performance of students.
School
Findings may help the school and the administrators to gain insights on how their students
are affected by the use of smart phones and how their academic performances are
affected. The research would be aiming to benefit the school for it will help the university
to think of a solution to this problem and implement a certain way subjecting to this
problem.
Scope and Limitations
This study aims to determine the impact of smartphone to the academic

performance of Grade 12 ABM students in University of Makati, 100 students were used
as a sample in conducting the survey. This study limits its coverage under grade 12
students only. This study focused on the impacts of smartphone to the academic
performance of students.
Input
Conceptual Framework
•To know the Impact of Smartphone on Process
Grade 12 ABM students Academic
Performance. •Data Gathering
•Analization of Data Gathered
Output
•To know the comparison of students

performance with or without smartphones
•To know the negative impact of smartphones

to students
•To find the extent in which the use of

smartphones will affect the students
performance in school
Definition of Terms
ABM- Accountancy, Business and Management
UMAK- University of Makati
Smartphone- cellular telephone with an integrated computer
Essential Gadget- handheld electronic gadgets
Academic Performance- measurement of student’s achievement across various

academic subject.
Consumption- means of using or buying
Conspicuous consumption- buying something to show off
Suitable- agreeable to the needs or purpose
Ease in use- favorable, easy or comfortable to use
Abstract- short self-contained powerful statement
Indulge- means to give in to something
Channeling- natural form of communications

CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter is consist of related studies and related literature that helps to
familiarize and identify the topics that is discussed in the previous chapter therefore
making the information concise and understandable.
Foreign Literature
Jeong and Lee (2015) like other study (e.g., KIM; KIM; JEE, 2015) in Korea used
Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale (SAPS) that is developed by the National
Information Society Agency (SHIN; KIM; JUNG, 2011). The SAPS contains 15 items
consisting of four sub-domains, such as impatience, withdrawal, disturbance of adaptive
functions, and virtual life orientation.
An additional study conducted by Mtega, Bernard, Msungu and Senare (2012). In the
study the respondents shows that the individuals does not just use traditional mobile
learning applications such as GPS, ,camera, voice calls, emails google drive and so forth
to create, upload, download and share academic resources with their friends. All of the
above mentioned was research illustrated that smartphones have created sophisticated
avenues for students to learn.
Through many current studies have shown smartphone usage benefits in learning,
Woodcock et al (2012) demonstrated contrasting findings. Students were discovered tend
to use their phones more for playing games and other leisure activities than for learning.
White and Mills (2012) also found that students were increasingly adopting smartphones
with the focus on personal use rather than education.
II. Local Literature
Another study by Xinhua (2014) Filipinos are using their mobile phones not only to
communicate but also as mobile computers as well, according to a recent market study
issued. TNS, a global customized research company, said in its report that Filipino
consumers are not just using cellphones to call and texting messages and photos, but
also means to have “internet-on-the-go” , allowing users to be always online. Of the
38,000 respondents in Metro Manila, 75 percent of the respondents surveyed used mobile
phones to take photos or videos; 45 percent to browse the internet; 44 percent to access
their social networking sites; and 37 percent to check their email. The study was
conducted from November 2012 to January 2013. “Based on the findings of the study,
increase in various mobile activities explains the growing trend of Wi-Fi accessibility in
public areas,” said TNS Philippines Managing Director Gary de Ocampo.
Related Studies
Educational activities that incorporate smartphone use are accessing of course content,
inspiring, sharing and discussion session between teachers and students and retrieving
information regarding students’ performances (Cochrane, 2010). Therefore, smartphone
use may lead to important influence in enhancing students’ performance as this
device might boost teaching and learning experience. Froese et al. (2012) conducted a
self-report survey to investigate students’ mobile phone activity in classes and the
potential effect of the activities on students learning performance. The result indicates
that the use of mobile phone distracts students learning process and students believe
that their classroom learning is disrupted during texting. Alfawareh and Jusoh (2014)
study revealed that students do not fully utilize smartphones for learning motive but utilize
it to make calls, taking pictures and browsing internet. Furthermore, Hanson et al. (2011)
stated that students prefer to use instant messaging, email and web-surfing in library
rather than looking into library online resources. Sarwar and Soomro (2013) stated the
positive impact of smartphones in education context, it enables society to access various
learning resources and provide opportunities for individuals to continue their
education by distance learning.
Study Synthesis
The related literature and studies that were reviewed enabled the researchers to have a
clearer understanding and concise knowledge for the research problem. The reviewed
literature emphasized that there are advantages and disadvantages of using
smartphones when it comes to academic purposes. It therefore requires full
understanding with the factors, risks and benefits of using smartphones and thus, there
is the excitement created the unique and innovative characteristics of smartphones which
created the tendency to focus on the advantages and disadvantages created by the
medium at first. Jeong and Lee (2015) like other study (e.g., KIM; KIM; JEE, 2015) in
Korea used Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale (SAPS) that is developed by the
National Information Society Agency (SHIN; KIM; JUNG, 2011). The SAPS contains 15
items consisting of four sub-domains, such as impatience, withdrawal, disturbance of
adaptive functions, and virtual life orientation. All the studies reviewed dealt with
identifying the factors, risk and benefits of using smartphones. An additional study
conducted by Mtega, Bernard, Msungu and Senare (2012). In the study the respondents
show that the individuals does not use traditional mobile learning applications such as
GPS, camera, voice calls, emails google drive and so forth to create, upload, download
and share academic resources with their friends. All of the above mentioned was research
illustrated that smartphones have created sophisticated avenues for students to learn.
Despites its similarities and differences with other studies, this one is distinct from them
because of the methods and theory of research employed, the respondents utilized, the
instrument used and more importantly it produced an output for enhancing students
preferences on the effects of using smartphone to their academic performances based
on the factors, risks, benefits and strategies of using smartphone. Thus, it could be
concluded that this study has its own personality and has place in the bank of information
on student’s preferences on the topic. Notwithstanding the similarities and differences,
the researches considered the reading of their works valuable because they provided
them significant insights, valuable information and sufficient background in the pursuit of
this study.
CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
Research methods and procedure
This chapter presents the method of research used in this study. The discussions include
the research locale, sources of data, sampling technique used and how the data were
treated statistically.
Research design
The research is conducted as a controlled quantitative research study in which data are
collected before and after the survey. This study used descriptive design particularly
survey research. The researcher conducted survey questionnaires to gather data from
the students.
Research locale
The research was conducted within the academic building 2 and 3, inside the campus of
University of Makati. This research will be conduct in Accountancy Business and
Management students of Higher School ng UMAK (HSU) located at J.P Rizal ext., West
Rembo, Makati City. The university has been practicing and training skills for students of
Senior High Students for years. They are well known for being one of the pioneers to
qualify to inculcate senior high school programs among junior high school students. This
school provide students the academic track strand, Where Accountancy Business and
Management belong.
Population Sampling Technique
The researchers used random sampling technique to gather data from 100 Accountancy
and Business Management students in Higher School ng UMAK.
The respondents and Participants
The study will use 100 student-respondents from grade 12. Selected students
representing strand of Accountancy, Business and Management.
Research instrument
The instrument that is used in gathering data is a research-made questionnaire. The

questionnaires use in the study is designed to obtain information of the perception of the
respondents about the impacts of smartphone usage. The researcher-made
questionnaires are consist of 10 questions for grade 12 Accountancy, Business and
management students of University of Makati. Open minded questions are used to give
the respondents the opportunity to give their responses and suggestions .
Data gathering procedure
The researchers used survey questionnaires as their tool to collect numerical data from
randomly selected G12-ABM students about the Impact of Smartphones in their
academic performance in University of Makati during their vacant time (September 22-
24, 2019). The questionnaire is a close ended one, whereby participants were only
allowed to choose their answers from the boxes provided. All the responses are
anonymous and participants are allowed to take as much time as they want to complete
the survey and be completely honest about the response without the fear of prejudice.
Statistical treatment of data

Statistical Treatment is used to interpret the data effectively, the researcher will employ
the following statistical treatment.
The Percentage
1. Percentage
This will employ to determine the frequency counts and percentage distribution of
personal related variables of the respondents.
Formula:
%= F/N × 100
% is the percentage
F is the Frequency
N is the total number of respondents
100 is a constant value
Survey Questionnaires
1. We need smartphones especially in our studies
2. Using smartphones instead of dictionary
3. It helps to communicate to others in terms of school purpose
4. Feeling dizzy when using smartphones for more than 5 hours
5. Sleep deprived because of smartphones usage
6. Smartphone distracts my studies
7. Too much usage of smartphones makes my grades high
8. Too much usage of smartphones makes my grades low
9. I often use smartphones for school purpose
Validation of questions
The researchers made a validation of questions to provide the reliability of consent
results, this result made last September 18, 2019 in the University of Makati. This result
of validation of questions is checked by Ms. Abigeyle Lalic to assure the question and
results are correct.
Chapter IV
Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation
This chapter dealt with the presentation, analysis and interpretation of the data on the
findings of the study. In this chapter the researchers made an elaboration among the 100
respondents of grade 12 in a selected strand (ABM strand). Based with the data given and
produced with the help of survey questions that the researchers created.
Profile of the respondents
Sections Male Female Respondents Percentage
G12-03 ABM 15 17 32 32%
G12-04 ABM 18 14 32 33%
G12-06 ABM 20 16 36 35%
TOTAL 53 47 100 100%

Table 1.
The first column represents the 3 different sections of grade 12 with the selected strand which
is the ABM. Second column presents the number of males who have cooperated with the survey
that the researchers have made. Third column is all about the total numbers of female who have
also participated with the conducted survey. Fourth column represents the total number of male
and female participants. Last column presents the percentage of the respondents.
Table 2. Student needs smartphone especially in our studies
Section Strongly Disagree Agree Strongly Percentage

Disagree Agree
G12-03 ABM 4 0 10 24 34%
G12-04 ABM 0 0 12 18 30%
G12-06 ABM 6 13 10 13 36%
TOTAL 10 13 32 . 55 100%
The first column presents the 3 sections of selected strand of ABM. Second column
is the total number of respondent answers to the survey questions (Strongly Agree). Third column
has the total number of respondent answers to the survey questions (Disagree). Fourth column
(Strongly Agree). Last column contains the percentage of all the respondents
. Table 3. Using smartphones instead of dictionary

Disagree Agree
G12-03 ABM 8 10 12 4 30%
G12-04 ABM 2 10 16 6 34%
G12-06 ABM 7 8 13 13 36%
TOTAL 16 14 47 . 23 100%
`
is the total number of respondents’ answers to the survey questions (Strongly Agree). Third
column has the total number of respondent answers to the survey questions (Disagree). Fourth
column (Strongly Agree). Last column contains the percentage of all the respondents
Table 4. Smartphone helps to communicate to others in terms of school purpose

Disagree Agree
G12-03 ABM 2 3 4 13 22%
G12-04 ABM 4 5 10 11 30%

G12-06 ABM 2 10 14 22 48%
TOTAL 8 18 28 . 46 100%
The first column presents the 3 sections of selected strand of ABM. Second column is the total
number of respondent’s answers to the survey questions (Strongly Agree). Third column has the
total number of respondent’s answers to the survey questions (Disagree). Fourth column
(Strongly Agree). Last column contains the percentage of all the respondents.
Table 5. Feeling dizzy when using smartphones for more than 5 hours

Agree Agree
G12-03 ABM 2 10 8 6 26%
G12-04 ABM 0 6 14 12 32%
G12-06 ABM 0 6 12 24 42%
TOTAL 2 22 34 .42 100%
The first column presents the 3 sections of selected strand of ABM. Second column is the total
number of respondent’s answers to the survey questions (Strongly Agree). Third column has the
total number of respondent’s answers to the survey questions (Disagree). Fourth column
Table 6. Sleep deprived because of smartphones usage

Agree Agree
G12-03 ABM 2 2 18 10 32%
G12-04 ABM 0 8 12 14 34%
G12-06 ABM 8 0 10 16 34%
TOTAL 10 10 40 .40 100%
column has the total number of respondent’s answers to the survey questions (Disagree). Fourth
Table7.Smartphone distracts my studies

Agree Agree
G12-03 4 16 6 6 32%
ABM
G12-04 0 18 10 10 38%
ABM
G12-06 2 12 10 6 30%
ABM
TOTAL 4 46 26 . 22 100%
The column presents the 3 sections of selected strand of ABM. Second column is the
total number of respondent’s answers to the survey questions (Strongly Agree). Third column has
the total number of respondent’s answers to the survey questions (Disagree). Fourth column
Table 8. Too much usage of smartphones makes my grades high

Agree Agree
G12-03 ABM 4 18 4 2 28%
G12-04 ABM 8 14 6 2 30%
G12-06 ABM 2 12 4 24 42%
TOTAL 14 44 14 .28 100%
is the total number of respondent’s answers to the survey questions (Strongly Agree). Third
Table 9. Too much usage of smartphones makes my grades low

Agree Agree
G12-03 ABM 7 18 10 6 41%
G12-04 ABM 6 14 6 4 30%
G12-06 ABM 4 4 10 11 29%
TOTAL 17 36 26 .21 100%
is the total number of respondent’s answers to the survey questions (Strongly Agree). Third
Table 10. I often use smartphones for school purpose

Agree Agree
G12-03 ABM 2 2 18 16 38%
G12-04 ABM 0 9 12 10 31%
G12-06 ABM 4 4 12 11 31%
TOTAL 6 15 42 37 100%
CHAPTER V
Summary of Findings, Conclusion and Recommendations
This chapter shows the re-statement of the problem, summary of findings, conclusions
and recommendations based on data gathered from the G12-ABM students in University
of Makati regarding the impact of smartphones on their academic performance.
Re-statement of the problem
Smartphones are used to communicate on all different types of platforms, provide music,
cameras, apps that can help students to excel on their studies. However, there have been
numerous studies showing negative effects of having these devices constantly in hand.
Some of those effects have direct relation to addiction and destruction.
Specifically, this study is sought to answer the following:
 to know the comparison of students’ performance with or without the

smartphones
 to know the negative impact of smartphones to students
 to find out the extent to which the use of smartphones will affect students’
performance in school
Summary of the Principal Findings

This study focused on the impact of smartphones to the academic

performance of G12-ABM students in University of Makati. However, the following
findings were made from the study:
1. Students can do many school tasks with the help of smartphones. It also
helps them to be active in class discussions. Hence, without it, students will
struggle and going through a hard time to do their school tasks.
2. Smartphones helps a lot in terms of students’ academic performance but
without limitations, it will become a distraction.
3. Smartphones’ features such as Google and Merriam Webster helps
students to seek information and meanings regarding to their school tasks
and activities but social media platforms such as Facebook interrupt
students’ attention in their studies.
4. Although there are advantages, there are still disadvantages brought by
using smartphone like lack of sleep and less personal conversation or
communication.
5. Smartphones diverts student’s attention and focus when using it while
studying.
Conclusions
In conclusion, smartphones contains specific task and functions which affects

students’ academic performance. This conclusion supports the study of (Lindley, 2018)
which states that smartphones have different features that fulfill many needs, including
telephone, camera, navigation, music, video, clock, news, calculator, email, internet,
gaming, contacts, and more. The researchers also conclude that smartphones contains
features that interrupt student’s attention in their school tasks, this conclusion supports
the study of (White and Mills, 2012), This study states that students are found adopting
smartphones with the focus on personal use rather than education. Based on the findings
of the researchers, smartphones are used by the students to be able to participate in a
class discussion and it makes the students to be more active in school activities. This
conclusion supports the study of (Maina, 2010) which states that when the textbook,
notes, learning materials, handouts, technology, library facilities and other learning
materials, the students will be able to acquire a better understanding regarding academic
concepts.
Recommendations
Based on the findings of this work, the following recommendations were

formulated:
 Students need to be reoriented on the need to set their priorities right. This
drive towards must be assists by the school management with the help of
Guardians/Parents of the students.
 Students must know their limitations of using smartphones and need to be
continuously inform on positive and negative effect of over dependency of
using smartphones.
 School management must set a rules and regulations regarding with the
usage of smartphones. The teachers/professors must be observant in each
students during their class discussion because some students uses it
conversely to the main purpose.
Suggestions for Future Research
It is important that the findings of this research are not generalized to all schools.
The sample for this study was from only one selected strand and students which is
Accounting, Business and Management in University of Makati. Further research can be
conducted with larger sample size from different schools.

Cedric and Friends

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originaltitel

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Cedric and Friends

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

UNIVERSITY OF MAKATI

HIGHER SCHOOL NG UMAK

"THE IMPACTS OF SMARTPHONES TO ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF G12

A Proposal presented to the Faculty of University of Makati, Higher School ng UMAK

Of the Requirements the Project

In Practical Research Subject

Cristina Margarette Gomez

Andrei Cedric Macatuggal

Ms. Abigeyle Lalic

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTINGS

Background of the study

According to Yigit Sen’s(2015) By the increase of the capability and skills of

Statement of the problem

1.) What is the demographic profile of the respondent?

2.) What are the disadvantages of this study?

3.) How do smart phones affects student’s performance

Significance of the study

Scope and Limitations

This study aims to determine the impact of smartphone to the academic

•Analization of Data Gathered

•To know the comparison of students

•To know the negative impact of smartphones

•To find the extent in which the use of

ABM- Accountancy, Business and Management

UMAK- University of Makati

Smartphone- cellular telephone with an integrated computer

Essential Gadget- handheld electronic gadgets

Academic Performance- measurement of student’s achievement across various

Consumption- means of using or buying

Conspicuous consumption- buying something to show off

Suitable- agreeable to the needs or purpose

Ease in use- favorable, easy or comfortable to use

Abstract- short self-contained powerful statement

Indulge- means to give in to something

Channeling- natural form of communications

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

II. Local Literature

Research methods and procedure

Population Sampling Technique

The respondents and Participants

The instrument that is used in gathering data is a research-made questionnaire. The

Data gathering procedure

Statistical treatment of data

N is the total number of respondents

100 is a constant value

Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation

Profile of the respondents

Sections Male Female Respondents Percentage

G12-03 ABM 15 17 32 32%

G12-04 ABM 18 14 32 33%

G12-06 ABM 20 16 36 35%

TOTAL 53 47 100 100%

Table 2. Student needs smartphone especially in our studies

Section Strongly Disagree Agree Strongly Percentage

G12-03 ABM 4 0 10 24 34%

G12-04 ABM 0 0 12 18 30%

G12-06 ABM 6 13 10 13 36%

. Table 3. Using smartphones instead of dictionary

Section Strongly Disagree Agree Strongly Percentage

G12-03 ABM 8 10 12 4 30%

G12-04 ABM 2 10 16 6 34%

G12-06 ABM 7 8 13 13 36%

Table 4. Smartphone helps to communicate to others in terms of school purpose