Sie sind auf Seite 1von 2

JESSA Q.

BELOY
MSA 202
MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS

Case Study 11.2: Under-investment in transportation infrastructure

PAGE 486

1. What are the features of a “lean system”?

Lean manufacturing or lean production, often simply "lean", is a

systematic method for waste minimization ("Muda") within a

manufacturing system without sacrificing productivity. Lean also takes

into account waste created through overburden ("Muri") and waste

created through unevenness in work loads ("Mura").

These are characteristics of lean manufacturing systems:

Just-in-time inventory systems and lean staffing that minimize

production buffers; Rapid machine setups to permit small production

runs by reducing changeover times; Use of work teams on the

production line; Extensive training to develop multi skilled workers; Job

rotation to facilitate on-the-job learning of multiple tasks and skills and;

Off-line problem solving or quality circle groups that involve employees

in continuous improvement activities.

2. In terms of the steps described in this chapter, how did the under-

investment in transportation infrastructure come about?

Transportation infrastructure is one of the most important factors

for a country's progress. Transport (Transportation) infrastructure

consists of the fixed installations including roads, railways, airways,

waterways, canals and pipelines and terminals such as airports, railway


stations, bus stations, warehouses, trucking terminals, refueling depots

(including fueling docks and fuel stations) and seaports. It has been

proven by so many instances how transport infrastructure has added

speed and efficiency to a country's progress. Good physical connectivity

in the urban and rural areas is essential for economic growth.

We can say that there is under-investment in the transportation

infrastructure when it doesn’t match to its longevity as to usefulness.

3. In what ways is a transportation infrastructure different from other types

of investment? How might such differences affect the investment

decision?

What sets investment in infrastructure apart from other types of

investment is its high-risk, long-term, capital intensive nature, reflected

in the creation of long lived assets with high sunk costs. The resulting

gulf between marginal and average costs creates a time-inconsistency

problem as investors always face the problem that they will be “held up.”

This requires suitable government intervention.

Such differences may be the reason why investing in

infrastructures seemed to be of under-investment.

References:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lean_manufacturing

http://mgmtblog.com/?p=45

http://www.lse.ac.uk/researchAndExpertise/units/growthCommis

sion/documents/pdf/SecretariatPapers/Infrastructure.pdf

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen