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Tests should give an accurate picture of students’ knowledge and skills in the
subject area or domain being tested. Accurate achievement data are very important
for planning curriculum and instruction and for program evaluation. Test scores
that overestimate or underestimate students’ actual knowledge and skills cannot
serve these important purposes.
Definition
“Any test that measures the attainments and accomplishments of an individual after
a period of training or learning”.
-NM Downie
‘The type of ability test that describes what a person has learned to do’
“A systematic procedure for determining the amount a student has learned through
instructions”
–Groulund
FUNCTIONS OF ACHIEVEMENT TESTS
A test is reliable if different teachers assessing it give the same marks. Such
reliability is known as inter-examiner or
teacher, assessing the same question at different
timings( say after some weeks or months) and gives marks, such reliability will
be considered as intra-examiner or intra-rater reliability. It shows that .
Reliability' is the degree to which an assessment tool produces stable and
consistent results. Thus reliability is an important feature of a good test.
3.Objectivity
-It means questions should be to the point and shouldn't be out of the context or
out of the syllabus.
4.Validity
-Test should be valid enough i.e. purpose of the particular item should be fulfilled,
i.e the test item should fill its purpose.
5.Usability
-Test should be :-
6.Balanced- It should cover all the aspects i.e it should have the questions dealing
with cognitive domain, affective domain and psychomotor domain.
7.Difficulty level- It should be according to the age and level of the students and it
should be neither too easy nor too hard and should consist of average level of
questions.