DHTML Introduction

DHTML Introduction
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DHTML is the art of combining HTML, JavaScript, DOM, and CSS.
What you should already know

Before you continue you should have a basic understanding of the following:
• HTML
• CSS
• JavaScript
If you want to study these subjects first, find the tutorials on our Home Page.
DHTML is NOT a Language

DHTML stands for Dynamic HTML.
DHTML is NOT a language or a web standard.
To most people DHTML means the combination of HTML, JavaScript, DOM and CSS.
According to the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C):

"Dynamic HTML is a term used by some vendors to describe the combination of HTML, style
sheets and scripts that allows documents to be animated."
HTML
The W3C HTML 4 standard has rich support for dynamic content:
• HTML supports JavaScript

• HTML supports the Document Object Model (DOM)
• HTML supports HTML Events
• HTML supports Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
DHTML is about using these features, to create dynamic and interactive web pages.
JavaScript
JavaScript is the most popular scripting language on the internet, and it works in all major
browsers.
DHTML is about using JavaScript to control, access and manipulate HTML elements.
You can read more about JavaScript in the next chapter of this tutorial.
HTML DOM
The HTML DOM is a W3C standard. It describes the Document Object Model for HTML.
The HTML DOM defines a standard way for accessing and manipulating HTML documents.
DHTML is about using the DOM to access and manipulate HTML elements.
You can read more about the HTML DOM in a later chapter of this tutorial.
HTML Events
HTML events are a part of the HTML DOM.
DHTML is about creating web pages that reacts to (user)events.
You can read more about events in a later chapter of this tutorial.
CSS
CSS defines how to display HTML elements.
DHTML is about using JavaScript and the HTML DOM to change the style and positioning of
HTML elements.
You can read more about CSS in a later chapter of this tutorial
JavaScript Alone
In JavaScript, the statement: document.write(), is used to write output to a web page.
Example
The following example uses JavaScript to display the current date and time on a page:
Example
<html>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
document.write(Date());
</script>
</body>
</html>
Try it yourself »
JavaScript and the HTML DOM

A JavaScript can also be used to change the content or attributes of HTML elements.
To change the content of an HTML element:
document.getElementById(id).innerHTML=new HTML
To change the attribute of an HTML element:
document.getElementById(id).attribute=new value
You will learn more about JavaScript and the HTML DOM in the next chapter of this tutorial.
JavaScript and HTML Events

A JavaScript can also be executed when an event occurs, like when a user clicks on an HTML
element.
To execute code when a user clicks on an element, use the following event attribute:
onclick=JavaScript
You will learn more about JavaScript and HTML events in a later chapter.
JavaScript and CSS

A JavaScript can also change the style of HTML elements.
To change the style of an HTML element:
document.getElementById(id).style.property=new style
You will learn more about JavaScript and CSS in a later chapter of this tutorial.
mmary DHTML - HTML DOM

Examples
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mples
What is the HTML DOM?
OM
Reference
Examples
The HTML DOM is:
• A Document Object Model for HTML

• A standard programming interface for HTML
• Platform- and language-independent
• A W3C standard
The HTML DOM defines the objects and properties of all HTML elements, and the methods
(interface) to access them.
In other words: The HTML DOM is a standard for how to get, change, add, or delete HTML
elements.
Change an HTML Element

The following example changes the content of an h1 element:
Example
<html>
<body>
<h1 id="header">Old Header</h1>
document.getElementById("header").innerHTML="New Header";
</script>
</body>
</html>
Try it yourself »
Example explained:
• The HTML document above contains an h1 element with id="header"

• We use the HTML DOM to get the element with id="header"
• A JavaScript changes the content (innerHTML) of that element
Change an HTML Attribute

The following example changes the src attibute of an img element:
Example
<html>
<body>
<img id="image" src="smiley.gif">
document.getElementById("image").src="landscape.jpg";
</script>
</body>
</html>
Try it yourself »
Example explained:
• The HTML document above contains an img element with id="image"

• We use the HTML DOM to get the element with id="image"
• A JavaScript changes the src attribute of that element from "smiley.gif" to "landscape.jpg"
HTML DOM Tutorial

To learn more about the HTML DOM, please read our complete HTML DOM tutorial.
HTML events can trigger actions in a browser.
HTML Events
Every element on an HTML page has events which can trigger a JavaScript.
For example, we can use the onClick event of a button element to indicate that a function will
run when a user clicks on the button. We define the events in the HTML tags.
Examples of events:
• A mouse click
• A web page or an image loading
• Mousing over a hot spot on the web page
• Selecting an input field in an HTML form
• Submitting an HTML form
• A keystroke
In the following example, the content of the h1 element will change when a user clicks on it:
Example
<html>
<body>
<h1 onclick="this.innerHTML='Ooops!'">Click on this text</h1>
</body>
</html>
Try it yourself »
You can also add the script in the head section, and then call a function from the event
handler:
Example
<html>
<head>
function changetext(id)
{
id.innerHTML="Ooops!";
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h1 onclick="changetext(this)">Click on this text</h1>
</body>
</html>
DHTML is about combining HTML, JavaScript, DOM, and CSS.
DHTML is a Term
In this tutorial you have learned that DHTML is only a term used to describe combinations of
HTML, JavaScript, DOM, and CSS to create more dynamic web pages.
More DHTML examples
JavaScript
JavaScript is the standard scripting language for the Internet.
Every web developer should learn JavaScript.
Visit our JavaScript tutorial, and our complete JavaScript reference.
The HTML DOM

HTML 4 supports the HTML Document Object Model (DOM).
The HTML DOM is the standard way to access HTML elements. It works in all browsers.
With the HTML DOM, you can make interactive web pages that will work in all modern
browsers.
If you are serious about web development, study our HTML DOM tutorial, and our complete
HTML DOM reference.
Dynamic CSS
There is no such thing as dynamic CSS.
However, with JavaScript and the HTML DOM you can dynamically change the style of any
HTML element.
Server-side Scripting
In this tutorial we have created dynamic web pages by using scripts on the client (in the
browser).
Web pages can also be made more dynamic by using scripts on the server.
With server-side scripting you can edit, add, or change any web page content. You can
respond to data submitted from HTML forms, access data or databases and return the results
to a browser, and customize pages for individual users.
At W3Schools you can study the following server-side scripting tutorials:
PHP tutorial
ASP tutorial
.NET tutorial

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DHTML Introduction

« Previous Next Chapter »

What you should already know

DHTML is NOT a Language

DHTML is NOT a language or a web standard.

According to the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C):

• HTML supports JavaScript

DHTML is about creating web pages that reacts to (user)events.

JavaScript and the HTML DOM

To change the content of an HTML element:

To change the attribute of an HTML element:

JavaScript and HTML Events

JavaScript and CSS

To change the style of an HTML element:

mmary DHTML - HTML DOM

• A Document Object Model for HTML

Change an HTML Element

<h1 id="header">Old Header</h1>

• The HTML document above contains an h1 element with id="header"

Change an HTML Attribute

• The HTML document above contains an img element with id="image"

HTML DOM Tutorial

HTML events can trigger actions in a browser.

DHTML is about combining HTML, JavaScript, DOM, and CSS.

More DHTML examples

Every web developer should learn JavaScript.

Visit our JavaScript tutorial, and our complete JavaScript reference.

The HTML DOM

At W3Schools you can study the following server-side scripting tutorials:

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