BUILDING SERVICES AND BUILDING

MANAGEMENTB SYSTEMS FOR

GREENER AND ENERGY PLUS
BUILDINGS
MECHANICAL SYSTEM INTEGRATION

Eng.Kelum Perera
2019-06-20
High Rise and Super High Rise
Buildings:
• High Rise Buildings: If habitable top most
floor is more than 30m, such buildings
called High Rise Buildings.

• Super High Rise Buildings: Building with

more than 40 floors, called as Super High
Rise Buildings.
Mechanical Systems under
consideration in High rise Buildings:
• 1.MVAC System

• 2.Plumbing System

• 3.Fire Protection/Suppression System

• 4.Central LPG System-Apartments

• 5.Smoke Purging and Staircase pressurization system.

• 6.STP and Water treatment plants

Standards to be followed:
• ACMV:ASHRAE /CIBSE/SMACNA/Local codes

• Plumbing: BS/UK Plumbing Code

• Fire Protection:
• BS/NFPA/ICTAD(CIDA)regulations

• LPG distribution System: BS/Local Codes(Fire

department and ICTAD).

• Smoke Purging/Stair pressurization: BS,ASHRAE

ACMV System:
• Type of AC System:
For Apartment: Air Cooled DX Split /VRV
units with good energy efficiency and
proven brands/Important factor is easy
access for service & maintenance, Length
of Refrigerant piping
 ACMV System:
• Type of AC System:
• For Commercial Building: Central AC
System (Chillers) with energy metering
option.
• Hotel buildings where operation is 24X7 ,
chillers and other equipment must be
with better energy efficiency and must
be proven products.
ACMV System:
• Special consideration:
• Cooling Load Calculation: Must perform accurate
thermal simulation to establish cooling requirements
of each area and must use building annual load
profile to establish high side equipment capacities.

• Pressure rating of chilled and condenser water loops

are fairly high compared with other buildings.
Therefore special techniques must be followed such
as service floor/secondary heat exchangers etc,
 ACMV System:
• Special consideration:
• Redundancy-Essential for central system
• Quality of material and equipment-Must
be proven brands with good track record
in SL.
 ACMV System:
• Chiller Selection:
-Condenser water box-Marine type
preferred
-Automatic tube Cleaning System enhance
condenser performance
-Magnetic oil less Chillers are preferred for
24X7 operation
-VFD Compressors must be provided with
harmonic filters
 ACMV System:
• CHILLER PLANT ROOM:
 ACMV System:
• Cooling Tower Selection:
-A CTI certified reputed brand Cooling
tower is preferred.
-Must consider high wet bulb
temperature in selection of cooling
tower(28-29C)
- SS metal ware is preferred for Colombo
area due to highly corrosive
environment
 ACMV System:
• COOLING TOWER AND CIRCULATING PUMPS :
ACMV SYSTEM:
• Apartments: Toilet/Pantry Mechanical
Extraction systems

• Commercial Buildings: Refuge area , Fire

Lift Lobby, Exit corridors, car parks must
be provided with smoke purging system.

• Fire Zoning? Floor wise(vertical) and

critical areas, Temporary holding area
 ACMV SYSTEM:

• ACMV system Testing & Commissioning

-This is very important to check and verify that
installed system operates in line with the design
intent.

-T & C Reports will be useful for future reference.

-Third party T & C is performed for mission critical

systems
 ACMV SYSTEM:
• Operation, Service & Maintenance
-Service Agreements must be signed with
suppliers for all high side equipment such
as chillers, cooling towers, pumps etc.
 ACMV SYSTEM:
CROSS SECTION OF AHU:
 ACMV SYSTEM:
• Chillers
PLUMBING SYSTEM:
Plumbing system consist of
-Water Supply(Cold/Hot)

-Drainage System(Sewer/Waste Water)

-Storm water drainage

PLUMBING SYSTEM:
• Water Supply System:
• System consist with sump, break water
tanks, OH storage tanks, Transfer pumps,
Booster package.
• Material must select accordingly with
pressure class.
• Hot water generation: Mainly use heat
pumps with storage tanks, circulation
pumps and pipe distribution.
 PLUMBING SYSTEM:
• Water Supply System:

• Hot water storage tanks and heat pumps

must be specified for Potable water

• Must provide water hammer arrestors.

 PLUMBING System:
• WATER PUMP ROOM :
PLUMBING SYSTEM:
• Drainage System: Sewer and Waste water

• Use of two stack and single stack system

with vent stacks. Now single stack with
traps become popular.
 PLUMBING SYSTEM:
• Drainage System:

• Important Consideration:

• Pipe material-Riser pipes(Must be heavy

duty pipes) and internal drainage piping

• Velocity breakers
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM:
• Very important system for life safety of
occupants.
• Sprinkler/Fire Hydrant/Hose reel/Innert
Gas system must be installed.
• All Fire pumps must be listed fire
pumps(UL, FM) complying with NFPA 20
standard.
• Fire fighting equipment must be listed
material.
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM:

• Must provide design drawings and

related hydraulic calculations.
• Redundancy: Some times use Diesel
engine driven fire pumps.
• Sprinkler system: Must design system as
per correct hazard class.
 FIRE PROTECTION System:
• FIRE PUMPS:
WET RISER SYSTEM SCHEMATIC:
SPRINKLER SYSTEM SCHEMATIC SYSTEM
LPG DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM:
• Regulations doesn’t allow individual
cylinders within high rise building

• Central gas distribution with gas

manifold, piping , gas meters, detection
system shall be provided.

• Below ground storages, not allowed.

 LPG DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM:
• LPG stacks must be well ventilated from
top and bottom ends.

• Automatic solenoid valves must be

installed for in case of an emergency.
 LPG DISTRIBUTION System:
• LPG SYSTEM MANIFOLD:
QUESTIONS?
• Time for clarifications