Aim : To find Regulation of 3 Phase Alternator by direct loading.

Apparatus Required :

1. 3 Phase Alternator Coupled With DC Shunt Motor.

2. Resistive, Inductive and Capacitive Load
3. Control Panel with all accessories.
4. Tachometer

Procedure :

1. Connect ckt. as shown in diagram.

2. Check for field rheostat of Motor for Minimum set.
3. Check for Alternator excitation unit ‘OFF’ & minimum output position.
4. Check RESISTIVE Load Bank for OFF Position.
5. Switch on DC power Supply to Motor.
6. Run DC prime mover Using 3 Point starter.
7. Adjust the speed of Set to the value of Alternator Synchronous Speed using
Field Rheostat of Motor. ( Maintain this speed constant during the experiment
using the same.)
8. Switch ON field excitation unit for Alternator.
9. Increase the excitation untill rated terminal voltage of alternator is obtained.
10. make load bank on & Increase load in steps upto rated current flows in
alternator phases. Maintain terminal voltage constant as rated voltage by
increasing excitation current. At each step note readings of line volt, line
amp, field amp, watts & speed (speed is constant ).
11. At full load condition switch OFF all the load without changing excitation current &
note terminal voltage of alternator.
3. Find out regulation of alternator.

Observation Table :

Speed of the set ____________ RPM

No. DC Motor Alternator

Vm Ia Imf Vl Il If No Load
voltage
1
_______
2 Full Load
--- voltage
_______

Voltage regulation : (Full load voltage – No load voltage) / No load voltage

Note : The same experiment can be repeated for Inductive and Capacitive Load Or R-L, R-C
combined load.

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 Aim : To Find Regulation of Alternator by Synchronous Impedance
Method. (EMF Method - OC & SC Test Of 3 Phase Alternator)

Apparatus Required :

1. 3 Phase Alternator Coupled With DC Shunt Motor.

2. Control Panel with all accessories
3. Tachometer

Procedure :

1. Connect ckt. as shown in O.C. test in diagram.

2. Check for field rheostat of Motor for Minimum set.
3. Check for Alternator excitation unit ‘OFF’ & minimum output position.
4. Switch on DC power Supply.
5. Run DC Motor Using 3 Point starter.
6. Adjust the speed of Set to the value of Alternator Synchronous Speed using
Field Rheostat of Motor.
7. Switch ON field excitation unit for Alternator.
8. Increase the excitation in steps, accordingly terminal voltage of alternator will
increase. Note down field current and terminal voltage of alternator at each step.
9. Take readings upto 10% above the rated terminal voltage.
10. Measure the value of stator resistance of all the three phases by an Multimeter or
voltmeter-ammeter method.
11 Switch OFF all the supply.
12 Reconnect the ckt. diagram as shown in S.C. Test. & repeat step 1 to 7.
13 Increase the excitation in steps, take readings of field current and line current upto rated
Alternator current. Note reading of excitation current and line amps of alternator at each
step.
14 Plot open circuit voltage and short circuit current against field current and from
this graph, calculate the value of synchronous impedance for rated value of
excitation.

Observation Table :

Speed ( constant ) = ………………. RPM

O.C. Test S.C. Test

No. Field Current Terminal voltage No. Field Current Short Circuit
If Amps VL Volts If Amps current IL Amps
1 1
2 2
3 3
… …

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 Aim : Determination of Xd, Xq of Salient Pole Synchronous Machine.
( Slip Test )

Apparatus Required :

1. 3 Phase Alternator Coupled With DC Shunt Motor.

2. Resistive, Inductive and Capacitive Load
3. Control Panel with all accessories.
4. Tachometer
5. 3 Phase variac

Procedure :

1. Connect ckt. as shown in diagram.

2. Check for field rheostat of Motor for Minimum set.
3. Check for Variac for minimum output position.
4. Switch on DC power Supply.
5. Run DC Motor using 3 Point Starter.
6. Adjust the speed of Set to the slip speed of ( say 1470 or 1530 if syn. speed is 1500)
Synchronous Machine using Field Rheostat of Motor.
7. Switch ON AC 3 Phase Supply and increase the variac o/p to a suitable value. Observe the
variations in voltmeter and ammeter readings.
8. Adjust the speed of DC motor finally to get max. swing in current and voltage readings.
Note reading of MAX. & MIN. swing value of line voltage and line current of Alternator.
9. Take additional sets of readings by adjusting different variac o/p or different speed
settings.

Observation Table :

No. Voltage Current Xd Xq Xd / Xq

Min. Max. Min. max. Vmin/Imax Vmax/Imin

1
2
--

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 Aim : To Study Synchronization of Alternator using synchronization
Panel

Apparatus Required :
1. 3 Phase Alternator Coupled With DC Shunt Motor. – 2 SET
2. Resistive Load
3. Control Panel with all accessories.
4. Tachometer
5. Synchronization Panel
6. AC Ammeter

Procedure :
1. Connect ckt. as shown in diagram.
2. Check for field rheostat of both motor for zero set. & Load bank in OFF Position.
3. Check for Alternator excitation units ‘OFF’ & minimum output position.
4. Check Synchronization switch ( knife switch for ‘OPEN’ Position.
5. Switch on DC power Supply to Motor coupled with Alternator 1.
6. Run DC Motor - 1 Using 3 Point starter.
7. Adjust the speed of Set – 1, very near to the value of Alternator Synchronous
Speed using Field Rheostat of Motor.
8. Switch On Field Excitation Unit of Alternator – 1 and increase it to obtain rated
terminal voltage. Measure Terminal voltage of Alternator - 1 by keeping measuring
switch on Alternator – 1 side.
9. Repeat steps 5 to 8 for Motor – Alternator SET - 2.
10. Now keep Measuring s/w on alternator – 2 side and adjust its field current such that it
gives Voltage, frequency and Phase seq.(checked by using momentary switch) equal to
Alternator -1. If phase seq. is not same OFF set – 2 and change phase seq. of
Alternator – 2. Then repeat step 9 & 10 again.
11. Make small changes in Speed by varying field rheostat of motors & excitation of
alternators to get equal parameters on both side. Make Synchroscope switch close now.
12. At an instant when synchroscope reads neutral position make Synchronization switch
close to synchronize both alternator with each other. Ammeter readings should be
minimum ( Ideally zero ) at this time. After synchronization synchroscope meter should
be disconnected making its switch open.
13. Now increase load in step and Note reading of Voltmeters & Ammeters. ( also of
wattmeter if connected externally)

Observation :
Sr. Alternator – 1 Alternator – 2 Load
No. Volts Amps Volts Amps Amps
1
2
3
4

Note. : 2 Bright – 1 dark Lamp method can be done also using its switch. Synchroscope
meter should not be in series after synchronization. PSM should not be used for more than 30
seconds.

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 Aim : To Perform Load Test on 3 Phase AC Synchronous Motor.

Apparatus Required :

1. 3 Phase AC Synchronous Motor with Mechanical Loading Arrangement.

2. Control Panel with required accessories.
3. Tachometer

Procedure :

1. Connect ckt. as shown in diagram.

2. Adjust ‘Zero set’ for Balances.
3. SET Excitation POT of panel for 40 % of output Position. Make Excitation switch OFF.
4. To Start Syn. Motor, press START Push Button & make excitation switch ON. Motor will
be synchronized with mains. Adjust output of excitation to get minimum line
current of Synchronous Motor.
5. Note down readings of voltmeter, Ammeter, PF Meter & load on balances W1 &
W2 Kg.
6. Using hand wheel of Brake drum arrangement load the motor in steps from no
load to rated torque.
7. Rated torque T = (W1-W2)*A
A = Break drum Constant = Radius of Pulley (Meter) * 9.81
8. At each step repeat Step 5.
9. Calculate power output P = 2NT/60.
10. Calculate efficiency = output / input.

Observation Table :

No. Line Line Cosø P(i) = Load Load Torque Speed P(o)= Efficiency
Volts Amps. VL* IL* W1 W2 T= RPM 2NT P(o) / P(i)
VL IL Cosø Kg. Kg. (w1- /60
w2)* A
1

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 Aim : To Study V & Inverse V Curve of Synchronous Motor.

Apparatus Required :

1. 3 Phase AC Synchronous Motor with Mechanical Loading Arrangement.

2. Control Panel with required accessories.
3. Tachometer

Procedure :

1. Connect ckt. as shown in diagram.

2. Adjust ‘Zero set’ for Balances.
3. SET Excitation POT of panel for 40 % of output Position. Make s/w OPEN.
4. To Start Syn. Motor, press START Push Button & make Excitation Switch ON. Motor will
be synchronized with mains.
5. Vary excitation of Synchronous Motor from 30 % to 100% of rated value in steps.
At each step Note down readings of Line amps., Field amps. & PF Meter.
6. Plot Line Amps ( Il ) – Vs – Field Amps ( If ) for V curve.
7. Plot Power Factor – Vs – Field Amps ( If ) for Inverse V curve.

Observation Table :

No. Exc. Line Power Remark

Amps. Amps. Factor
If IL
DC
1

5 1.0 Line Amps. is

minimum
6

---

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 Aim : To Perform ZPF & ASA Test On 3 Phase Alternator.

Apparatus Required :

4. 3 Phase Alternator Coupled With DC Shunt Motor.

5. Resistive, Inductive and Capacitive Load
3. Control Panel with all accessories.
4. Tachometer

Procedure :

1. Perform OC & SC Test of Alternator and record all the readings.

2. Connect ckt. as shown in diagram.
3. Check for field rheostat of Motor for Minimum set.
4. Check for Alternator excitation unit ‘OFF’ & minimum output position.
5. Check Variable inductor to minimum reactance position.
6. Switch on DC power Supply to Motor.
7. Run DC prime mover Using 3 Point starter.
8. Adjust the speed of Set to the value of Alternator Synchronous Speed using
Field Rheostat of Motor. ( Maintain this speed constant during the experiment
using the same.)
9. Switch ON field excitation unit for Alternator.
10. Increase the excitation until rated current flows in alternator phase.
11. Note readings of line volt, line amp & field amp.(Speed is constant ).
12. Changing value of inductor take more readings lower than the rated
current.
13. At full load condition switch OFF all the load without changing excitation current &
note raised terminal voltage of alternator.
14 Find out regulation of alternator at by ZPF and ASA Method using these readings.

Observation Table :

No. Alternator
Vl Il If No Load
voltage
1 _______
2 Full Load
voltage
---
_______

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