Individually constructed vehicles
Vehicle Standards - Light vehicle fact sheet
MR850 08.16
This Information Manual details the
requirements to obtain approval for road
use of an Individually Constructed Vehicle
(ICV) up to 4.5 tonne GVM.
The construction of passenger vehicles is a complex
and usually time consuming project. The Department of
Planning, Transport and Infrastructure’s (DPTI) aim is to
ensure that the requirements of Australian Design Rules
(ADRs) and regulations related to safety and
environmental protection are equivalent to production
vehicles.
Not only must high quality components be used, but all
components used in the design must be correctly
matched to each other to ensure safe operation,
performance and compliance with the relevant standards.
The motor vehicle must be considered as a complete
package.
All requirements of the Australian Design Rules (ADRs)
and South Australian Road Traffic (Light Vehicle
Standards) Rules 2013 are not fully detailed. It is the
vehicle constructor’s responsibility to ensure that an ICV
complies as fully as possible with the ADRs and the
South Australian Road Traffic (Light Vehicle Standards)
Rules 2013.
Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au
Definition of a Individually Constructed Vehicle
An ICV is a ‘one-off’ vehicle. If production of more
than one vehicle per year is proposed, DPTI should
be consulted because construction and compliance
of the vehicles may then be administered under the
Commonwealth Government – Department of
Infrastructure and Regional Development, Low
Volume Scheme.
An Individually constructed vehicle is a new vehicle
that is not a production vehicle, a modified
production vehicle or a production vehicle which has
had the body or chassis replaced.
Engineering requirements
Design & Engineer’s responsibility
All aspects of design including compliance with
Australian Design Rules, Regulations, compatibility of
engine with other vehicle components, steering,
braking, handling and drivability will remain the
responsibility of the Light Vehicle Engineering Signatory
submitting the Engineering Report.
Inspection Procedure
It is recommended that the vehicle be inspected
by the Engineer at the following stages:
a. At completion of the chassis prior to the fitting
the body or any other component which may
obstruct inspection of chassis welds etc.
b. At some intermediate stage of construction.
c. After completion of the vehicle but prior to
presentation for the full roadworthy inspection by
DPTI.
Light Vehicle Engineering Signatory's Report
All aspects of design and components used must
be fully addressed in a report prepared by a Light
Vehicle Engineering Signatory (Fact Sheet MR426).
Letter of Conformity
As assurance that the vehicle has been inspected by
the Light Vehicle Engineering Signatory and the
vehicle conforms with the Engineering Report, a
Letter of Conformity must be submitted prior to the
vehicle being inspected by DPTI.
The Letter of Conformity must include the
following:
• name and address of the owner make and type of
vehicle
• chassis number or VIN
• engine number
• dates of inspection during construction
• a statement to the effect that the above vehicle
has been constructed in accordance with the
Engineering Report Number ….. Dated …..
• signature of the Light Vehicle Engineering Signatory
• dated and signed.
A list of appropriately qualified and experienced
engineers involved in this type of work in South
Australia is available from DPTI.
Recommended construction and approval process
a. Consult the Light Vehicle Engineering Signatory
as to the acceptability of the vehicle’s proposed
construction and revise if necessary.
b. Obtain confirmation from the engineer that the
proposed vehicle will comply with the appropriate
ADRs and Regulations. This confirmation usually
takes the form of an Engineering Report and
enables construction of the vehicle to commence,
however see point ‘d.’
c. Complete the Application to Build an Individually
Constructed Vehicle form and submit it to Vehicle
Standards together with the Engineering Report and
any other relevant documentation.
Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au
d. If the proposal is acceptable then Vehicle
Standards will then issue a Statement of
Requirements (SOR). If the proposal is not
acceptable or further information is required
Vehicle Standards will contact the applicant in
writing. This should be done as early in the
process as possible because the SOR or
Regulation changes may influence the design.
e. Following the completion of construction, the
vehicle must undergo inspection and performance
testing by the Engineering Signatory to ensure that
the vehicle meets all applicable standards,
Regulations and to verify that its safe operation on
the road is ensured. The results of all performance
tests must be recorded and retained by the
Engineer. The Light Vehicle Engineering Signatory
must then complete a Letter of Conformity to
confirm that the vehicle has been constructed in
accordance with the Engineering Report.
a. Following the Letter of Conformity and the
receipt of a Statement of Requirements from
Vehicle Standards the vehicle can be booked in
for a full roadworthy inspection. If the vehicle
fails inspection, the relevant issues must be
addressed and the vehicle submitted for
inspection at a later date. When the vehicle
passes inspection it can then be registered and
will be issued with an Exemption From the Fitting
of a Compliance Plate and a South Australian
I.D. Label which will identify the vehicle.
Applications
Except for those aspects which can only be
determined after construction is completed, the
application prepared by the Light Vehicle
Engineering Signatory and submitted to DPTI must
give full design details relating to the following:
Engine and Driveline
• Engine make, size and number of cylinders
• Any changes from standard specifications
• Power and torque specifications
• Turbocharger or supercharger (if fitted)
• Drive-line and differential
• Gearbox and transmission
• Fuel system (i.e. petrol, diesel, LPG).
Engine Selection
Engine power and torque must be compatible with
the driveline, structural and braking components.
For details relating to emission control refer to ADR
37/..
Brakes
• System (refer to ADR 31/.. and 42/..)
• Type (i.e. disc, drum)
• Brake balance.
Vehicle Braking
Tests to show compliance with ADR 31/.., or
equivalent, must be conducted and submitted prior
to presentation of the vehicle for final inspection.
Refer to Fact sheet MR132 - Brake System Test
Procedure or refer to ADR 31/..
Brake Balance
Tests to ensure correct brake balance must be
conducted and submitted prior to presentation of
the vehicle for final inspection.
Wheels and tyres
Size, speed and load ratings, carcass construction
(refer to ADR 23/..)
Axles and suspenion
• Type and make of axles (front and rear)
• Method of attachment
• Strength at 1g braking and 3g bump
• Width of axles between wheel mounting flanges
• Bump clearance
• Ground clearance (refer to ADR 43/..)
• Track (front and rear).
Wheel track
Wheel track is the distance measured across an axle
between the centre line of the left wheel and the
centre line of the right wheel. Where standard axles
are used the wheel track will be based on the
maximum allowable wheel track for the vehicle for
which the axle was designed.
Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au
Alternatively an Engineering Report showing that the
wheel track is within the design capabilities of the
components being used and that the track does not
have any adverse affect on vehicle handling and/or
steering. Where non-standard components are fi tted
the wheel track will be assessed, determined and
justified by the Engineer.
Steering
• Steering geometry
• Steering column (refer to ADR 10/..)
• Anti-theft locks (refer to ADR 25/..).
Components
Steering components are not permitted to be welded
or heated unless an Engineering Report is submitted
to DPTI in accordance with Engineering Instruction
Number 5 - Heating and Welding of Steering
Components.
All newly manufactured steering components must be
identified and a full description of manufacture
including drawings must be presented, as well as an
assessment and statement of suitability by the
Engineer.
Geometry
Test results of a subjective test which show handling
characteristics must be submitted prior to
presentation of the vehicle for final inspection.
Refer to fact sheet MR 807 - Lane Change
Manoeuvre Test Procedures.
In addition the Light Vehicle Engineering Signatory
should show that the vehicle does not demonstrate
excessive ‘bump steer’ throughout the operating
range of the front suspension.
Chassis or Frame
• Style and type
• Material and strength
• Mounting of body to chassis/frame
• Beaming and torsional rigidity
• Wheel base.
Beaming & Torsional Rigidity
The beaming and torsional rigidity is usually
evaluated on the composite chassis/frame and
body. An Engineering Report on the beaming and
torsional rigidity to a procedure acceptable to
DPTI may be required.
Refer to fact sheet - Torsional Rigidity and
Beaming Stiffness Test Procedures (MR 816).
Body
• Style and type
• Material
• Position and accessibility of foot controls
• Door strength (refer to ADR 29/..)
• Door latches and hinges (refer to ADR2/..)
• Mudguards (refer to ADR 42/..)
• Engine bonnet (refer to ADR 42/..)
• Driver fi eld of view (refer to ADR 42/..)
• Primary vision area (refer to ADR 8/..)
• External and internal projections (refer to ADR
42/..)
• Internal sun visors (refer to ADR 11/..)
• Location and visibility of instruments (refer to ADR
18/..)
• Instrument panels (refer to ADR 21/..).
Body Design
It is essential to carefully examine the requirements
of driver field of view, primary vision area,
windscreen wipers and washers and mudguards
when designing the body shell of the vehicle.
Occupant Protection
The following ADRs apply to passenger car type
vehicles:
Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au
ICVs are not required to prove compliance with
these ADRs but should be constructed to comply
with the intent of these ADRs and offer the best
occupant protection possible. See Dynamic
Occupant Protection.
Seats and Seatbelts
• Type and number of seats
• Size and height of seats
• Seat anchorages (refer to ADR 3/..)
• Seatbelts (refer to ADR 4/..)
• Seatbelt anchorage points (refer to ADR 5/..)
• Child restraint anchorages (refer to ADR 34/..)
• Head restraints (refer to ADR 22/..)
• Instructions for the use of ‘Seatbelt
Assemblies’ (refer to ADR 4/..)
• Instructions for the use of
’Child Restraint Anchorages ‘ (refer to ADR 34/..).
Emissions and Noise
• ICVs constructed before 31/12/03 must comply
with ADR 37/00 Emission Control for Light Vehicles.
• ICVs constructed after 31/12/03 must comply with
ADR 37/01 Emission Control for Light Vehicles
• Where satisfactory evidence can be provided that
vehicle construction commenced prior to 31/12/03
DPTI may accept compliance with ADR 37/00.
• ADR 37/.. includes exhaust emissions, evaporative
emissions, crankcase gasses and petrol filler inlets.
• Diesel engine smoke (refer to ADR 30/..)
• External noise (refer to ADR 28/..).
Glazing and Visibility
Glazing material (refer to ADR 8/..)
• Rear vision mirrors (refer to ADR 14/..)
• Demisting of windscreens (refer to ADR 42/..)
• Windscreen wipers and washers (refer to ADR 42/..)
• Driver field of view (refer to ADR 42/..)
• Primary vision area (refer to ADR 8/..)
• Window tinting – refer to fact sheet - Window
Tinting for your Motor Vehicle (MR 430)
• Centre high-mounted stop lamp (refer to ADR 60/..) .
Lamp/Signal requirements
compliance required for a vehicle to meet the
• Headlamps (refer to ADR 46/..) intent of the specific ADRs. Every ICV is required
• Front position lamps (refer to ADR 49/..) to comply with the intent of the relevant ADRs
• Rear position lamps (refer to ADR 49/..) listed below:
• Rear registration plate illuminating device (refer to
ADR 48/..) ADR number & title:
• Retro-refl ectors (refer to ADR 47/..)
• Hazard warning signals (refer to ADR 13..)
• Globes (refer to ADR 51/..) 1/..Reversing Lamps
• Reversing lamps (refer to ADR 1/..) 2/..Side Door Latches & Hinges
• Direction indicator lamps (refer to ADR 6/..) 3/..Seat Anchorages
• Centre high - mounted stop lamp (refer to ADR 4/..Seatbelts
60..). 5/..Anchorages for Seatbelts
6/..Direction Indicator Lamps
General Provisions
8/..Safety Glazing Material
10/..Steering Column
• Turning circle (refer to ADR 43/..)
11/..Internal Sun Visors
• Controls (refer to ADR 42/..)
13/..Installation of Lighting & Light-signalling Devices
• Electrical wiring (refer to ADR 42/..)
14/..Rear Vision Mirrors
• Exhaust outlets (refer to ADR 42/..)
18/..Instrumentation
• Ventilation (refer to ADR 42/..)
21/..Instrument Panel
• Reverse gear (refer to ADR 42/..)
22/..Head Restraints
• Engine number (refer to ADR 43/..)
23/..Passenger Car Tyres
• Warning device (refer to ADR 42/..)
25/..Anti-Theft Lock
• Registration plates and labels (refer to ADR43/..)
28/..External Noise of Motor Vehicles
Vehicle identification number (refer to ADR 43/..).
29/..Side Door Strength
30/..Diesel Engine Exhaust Smoke Emission
Australian Design Rules
31/..Hydraulic Brake Systems for Passenger Cars
The ADRs have been developed to provide 34/..Child Restraint Anchorages and Child Restraint
detailed performance specifi cations for safety Anchor Fittings
standards in vehicles with the objective of 37/..Emission Control for Light Vehicles
reducing: 42/..General Safety Requirements
• the frequency of accidents - contains information on the following:
• the severity of occupant injury when accidents do
• Bonnet Latching
occur
• Diesel Engines (anti-start locking device)
• the adverse impact of noise, smoke and gaseous
• Controls
emissions on the community and the environment.
• Electrical Wiring, Connections & Installations
Components used in constructing an ICV may be • Exhaust Outlets
taken from a vehicle which complies with the • External or Internal Protrusions
relevant ADRs provided that details of the make, • Field of View
model and date of manufacture of the vehicle • Wheel Guards (Mudguards)
concerned are quoted. Items which are not identical • Brake Tubing & Brake Hose
to those from a complying vehicle may be accepted • Reverse Gear
subject to an engineering evaluation. • Television & Visual Display Units
• Windows & Ventilation
Following is a resume of the relevant ADRs. The
• Warning Devices – Audible
requirements quoted are only an abbreviation of

Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au

• Demisting of Windscreens
• Windscreen Wipers & Washers
• Tyre & Rim Selection
43/..Vehicle Configuration & Marking
45/..Lighting & Light – Signalling Devices Not
Covered By ECE Regulations
46/..Headlamps
47/..Retro-reflector
48/..Rear Registration Plate Illuminating device
49/..Front & Rear Position (Side) Lamps, Stop
Lamps & End Outline Marker Lamps
51/..Filament Globes
60/..Centre High-Mounted Stop Lamp
61/..Vehicle Marking
62/..Mechanical Connections Between Vehicles
69/..Full Frontal Impact Occupant Protection
72/..Dynamic Side Impact Occupant Protection
73/..Offset Frontal Impact Occupant Protection
ADR 1/.. Reversing lamps
Intent
To specify the photometric requirements for
reversing lamps which will warn pedestrians and
other road users that the vehicle is about to move
or is moving in the reverse direction and which
during the hours of darkness will aid the driver in
reversing manoeuvres.
• may not be grouped, combined or reciprocally
incorporated with any other rear lamps.
ADR 2/.. Side door latches and hinges
Intent
To specify requirements for side door retention
components including latches, hinges and other
supporting means to minimise the likelihood of
occupants being thrown from a vehicle as a result of
impact.
Requirements
Each door latch and striker assembly shall be provided
with two positions consisting of a fully latched position
and a secondary latched position which provide both
longitudinal and transverse restraint.
Each door shall be equipped with a locking mechanism
with an operating means in the interior of the vehicle.
When the locking mechanism is engaged, the door
handles on the outside of the front doors and all door
handles on the rear doors shall be inoperative.
ADR 3/.. Seats and seat anchorages
Intent
To specify requirements for seats, their attachment
assemblies, and their installation to minimise the
possibility of occupant injury due to forces acting on
the seat as a result of vehicle impact.

Requirements Requirements
ADR 1/.. specifies that the colour of the light Each seat shall be capable of withstanding a load,
emitted shall be white. equivalent to:
• twenty times the mass of the entire seat, when
ADR 13/.. specifies that:
applied in either a forward or rearward direction
• there shall be one or two reversing lamps at the
• a 530Nm moment about the “seating reference
back of the vehicle positioned not less than 250
point” applied to the upper cross-member in the
mm nor more than 1200 mm above the ground
rearward direction
• if only one lamp is fitted it must be positioned on
• where a seat must hinge or fold to permit access to
the drivers side of the vehicle
or egress from another seat the seat shall be fitted
• the lamp or lamps shall only light up if the
with a self-locking device for restraining the seat or
reverse gear is engaged and either the ignition
seat back
switch is in the ‘on’ position or the engine is
• The release control shall be readily accessible to
running
both the occupant of that seat and the occupant of a
• the lamps shall be visible at 15 degrees upward
seat immediately behind that seat
and 5 degrees downward, 45 degrees to the right
• where there are rear seating positions; the rear
and to the left if there is only one lamp or 45
degrees outwards and 30 degrees inward if there surfaces of the front seats that can be contacted by
are two lamps a person in a rear seat must be padded in
accordance with ADR 3/02.

Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au
Alternative criterion Location - Seatbelt Anchorages Alternative criterion
Seats anchored through vehicle floors made from
sheet metal can be adequately secured by using 8
mm bolts and 40x40x3 mm steel backing plates.
A minimum of four anchorage bolts per seat, for
single seats must be provided. For double and triple
seats, additional anchorage bolts may be required.
The corners of backing plates shall have a minimum
radius of 5 mm and the edges adjacent to the sheet
metal must be chamfered.

ADR 4/.. Seatbelts

Intent
To specify the requirements for seatbelts to restrain
vehicle occupants under impact conditions, to
facilitate fastening and correct adjustment, to assist
the driver to remain in the seat and thus maintain
control of the vehicle in an emergency situation, and
to provide protection against ejection in an accident
situation.
Anchorages must be provided to suit the seatbelts
required by ADR 4/.. They must be positioned so that
the seatbelt webbing is able to function properly, without
rubbing against any sharp edges.
The upper anchorage is to be located within the shaded
area shown in Figure 1.

Requirements
All outboard seating positions shall be fitted with a
lap/sash seatbelt which incorporates a dual lock
emergency locking retractor mechanism.
All inboard seating positions shall be fitted with either
a lap belt or a lap-sash belt.

Only new seatbelts, complying with Australian

Standard 2596
- Seatbelt Assemblies for Motor Vehicles or AS E35
Pt 1 - 1970
- Seatbelt Assemblies for Motor Vehicles, or any The upper anchorage ‘sash location point’ shall be at
other approved standard accepted as equivalent, least 140 millimetres from the seating reference plane
can be fitted. (Refer to ADR 5/..)

The lower anchorages must be on opposite sides of the

Instructions for use of seatbelt assemblies shall be
included in the vehicle handbook, or otherwise centre line of the seating position and located within the
supplied with the vehicle. The instructions shall be in shaded area as shown in Figure 2.
accordance with the ADR.

Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au
ADR 5/.. Anchorages for seatbelts
Intent
To specify the requirements for anchorages for
seatbelt assemblies so that they may be adequately
secured to the vehicle structure or seat and will
meet comfort requirements in use.
Requirements
A report prepared by a Light Vehicle Engineering
Signatory which demonstrates compliance with
ADR 5/.. must be presented or the anchorages
shall be designed, located and constructed so
that they meet with the alternative criterion.
Because seatbelts are generally made to standard
lengths it is essential that the lower anchorages be
placed in a position behind the seat so as to allow
for the buckle of the buckle strap or stalk to be
located at the side of the hip of a seated occupant.
The buckle must not be allowed to rest on the
seated person’s abdomen.
The optimum distance between the lower
anchorages of a seatbelt is from 250 mm to 350
mm with the minimum distance being 165 mm. The
lower seatbelt anchorages must not be
superimposed i.e. each seatbelt must be anchored
by a separate bolt. Anchorages provided for
different seating positions are to be separated by at
least 200 mm.
Construction - seatbelt anchorages
All anchorages must be able to withstand a force of
at least 10 kN applied for not less than 30 seconds
along the direction of the line of the seatbelt. Under
test conditions some deformation is permitted but
the anchorage must not pull away from the
structure.
Proof of the strength of anchorages shall be by
calculation, physical testing or where applicable in
accordance with the alternative criterion.
Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au
Alternative criterion
When anchorages are located in vehicle floors,
parcel shelves or other areas of the vehicle made
from sheet metal, steel backing plates
(approximately 75 x 50 x 3 mm) are normally
adequate.
The size of the seatbelt anchorage backing plate
depends upon the strength of the material to which
the anchorage is fastened. The following must be
taken into consideration when determining the size
of the plate:
a. the thickness of the floorpan, upperbody or pillar
material
b. the shape of the floorpan, upperbody or pillar,
whether flat, corrugated, fluted, curved box or
composite section
c. the type of material from which the floorpan,
upperbody or pillar has been constructed (e.g.
steel, aluminium).
The corners of all backing plates are to have a 5 mm
minimum radius and edges adjacent to the body are
to be chamfered.
The anchor bolts must be tightened to the correct
tension using a torque wrench. The bolt must fully
engage all the thread of the nut and this may mean
that a longer bolt than that supplied with the seatbelt
kit is required. Fine threaded 7/16” (11 mm) mild
steel bolts are usually used. Anchorages must not be
fitted through wood or where wood or other non-
metal material is sandwiched between steel.
Do not fit anchorages in aluminium or fibreglass panels
without obtaining specific approval from the Engineer.
Anchorages and fittings must be protected from
corrosion by suitable paint or other anti-corrosive
substance. The general construction of anchorages is
shown in Figures 3 and 4.
ADR 6/.. Direction indicator lamps
Intent
To specify the photometric and field of view
requirements for direction indicators which will
provide adequate warning to other road users of
the intention to perform a turning manoeuvre.
Requirements
• The colour of the light emitted shall be amber
• The light emitted from the front and rear lamps
shall be visible at all angles between 45
degrees inboard and 80 degrees outboard and
15 degrees above and below the horizontal
within these boundaries
• The mounting and visibility of indicator lamps is
shown in Figure 5.
Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au
ADR 13/.. Specifies that:
• there shall be:
• two front direction indicator lamps
• two rear direction indicator lamps
• two repeating side direction indicator lamps.
• the outside edges of the lamps at the front and rear
shall not be more than 400 mm from the outer edge of
the vehicle
• the distance between the inner edges of the lamps at
the front and rear shall be not less than 600 mm
• the side direction indicator lamps shall not be more
than 1800 mm from the front of the vehicle (the side
lamps may be combined with the front lamps)
• the lamps at the front and rear shall be not less than
350 mm nor more than 1500 mm above the ground
• the side lamps shall be not less than 500 mm nor
more than 1500 mm above the ground
• the direction indicator lamps shall switch on
independently of any other lamps
• all direction indicator lamps on one side of the
vehicle shall be switched on and off by means of
one control and shall flash in phase at a rate of
between 60 and 120 times per minute
• the vehicle shall be fitted with audible and/or visible
indicator for the direction indicator lamps
• the illuminating surface of the front direction indicator
lamps must not be less than 40 mm from the
illuminating surface of the dipped-beam headlamps or
fog lamps if any.
ADR 8/.. Safety glazing material
Intent
To specify the performance requirements of material
used for external or internal glazing in motor vehicles
which will ensure adequate visibility under normal
operating conditions with minimum obscuration when
shattered, and will minimise the likelihood of serious
injury if a person comes in contact with the broken
glazing material.
Requirements
Any glass used in windscreens, windows or interior
partitions shall be of safety glass complying with
one of the approved standards.
All glass shall carry an indelible mark or marks
visible when the glass is fitted in the vehicle. The
mark or marks shall identify the type of glass and
the relevant standard to which the glass conforms.
The windscreen used shall meet with the primary
vision area requirements which allows an average
driver to see:
• upwards at 10 degrees to the horizontal
• downwards to the roadway 11 metres ahead of
the vehicle
• 56 degrees to the left
• 15 degrees to the right of a horizontal line
passing through the right eye of the driver which
is parallel to the vehicle centre line.
The primary vision area requirements are shown in
Figures 6 and 7.
Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au
The Visual Light Transmission of a windscreen in the
Primary Vision Area (as defined in ADR 8/..) must not
be less than 75%. It is permissible to have a narrow
tinted band across the top of the windscreen which is
outside the Primary Vision Area.
Window tinting
For Information regarding the legal requirements for
window tinting refer to DPTI fact sheet - Window
Tinting for your Motor Vehicle (MR 430).
ADR 10/.. Steering column
Intent
To minimise crushing or penetrating injuries to drivers
due to the steering column as a result of frontal
impact.
Requirements
The steering column assembly used in a one-off
vehicle shall be identical to one used in a vehicle
approved to ADR 10/.. The steering column assembly
comprises the basic steering mechanism, the steering
wheel, the associated horn actuating mechanism and
trim hardware.
The steering shafts and associated components
between the steering column and steering box may
also affect compliance with ADR 10/.., consequently
the manner of installation is subject to approval.
Optional steering wheels tested to ADR requirements
on the column assembly will be accepted.
A motor vehicle must not have a Steering Control
Effort in excess of 250 N when the vehicle is operating
at a speed not greater than 10 km/h.
The Steering Control Effort is the force exerted by the
driver of the vehicle measured at the rim of the steering
wheel with any and all power assistance devices
operating and no failures being present in the system.
ADR 11/.. Internal sun visors
Intent
To specify requirements for internal sun visors to
reduce the injury potential of internal sun visors and the
adjacent vehicle structure.
Requirements
If sun visors are fitted to the vehicle they shall be
constructed of, or covered with, energy absorption
material. Any rigid structure required to support the sun
visor or maintain its shape shall be of such dimensions
as to limit the likelihood of injury to the head on impact.
Any rigid material edge shall have a radius of not less
than 3 mm.
ADR 13/.. Installation of lighting and light-
signalling devices
Intent
To ensure that the installation of lighting and light-
signalling devices on the vehicle is such that the
effective operation of these devices is not impaired.
Requirements
• Main-beam headlamps (ADR46/..)
• Dipped-beam headlamps (ADR 46/..)
• Front fog lamps (ADR 50/..)
• Gas discharge headlamps (ADR 77/..)
• Reversing lamps (ADR 1/..)
• Direction indicator and hazard warning lamps (ADR 6/..)
• Stop lamps (ADR 49/..)
• Rear registration plate illuminating device (ADR 48/..)
• Rear fog lamps (ADR 52/..)
• Front position (side lamps) (ADR 49/..)
• Rear position (side lamps) (ADR 49/..)
• Parking lamps (ADR 49/..)
• Retro-reflectors (ADR 47/..)
• Centre high-mounted stop lamp (ADR 49/.. or ADR 60/..)
• Cornering lamp (ADR 45/..).
Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au
Hazard warning signal lamps
The signal shall be given by simultaneous operation
of the direction indicator lamps and shall be operated
by means of a separate control enabling all the
direction indicator lamps to flash in phase. A tell-tale
shall be fitted.
The signal shall be able to function even if the device
which starts or stops the engine is in a position which
makes it impossible to start the engine (ignition off).
ADR 14/.. Rear vision mirrors
Intent
To specify requirements for rear vision mirrors to
provide the driver with a clear and reasonably
unobstructed view to the rear.
Requirements
Driver’s Side Mirror
An external rear vision mirror shall be installed on
the driver’s side of the vehicle and must provide the
driver with a view of a level road surface 11 metres
behind the driver’s eyes and 2.4 metres out from the
plane represented by the driver’s side of the vehicle.
The mirror and mounting shall be free of sharp
points or edges. The mirror shall be adjustable from
the driver’s seating position. The mirror may have
either a flat or convex refl ecting surface. The
average radius of a convex mirror is not to be less
than 1,200 mm.
Internal Rear Vision Mirror
An internal rear vision mirror shall also be installed
except where the design of the motor vehicle does
not provide for internal rear vision.
Field of View – an internal mirror shall provide the
driver with a view to the rear with an included angle
of 20 degrees in the horizontal plane (between left
and right) and sufficient vertical angle to provide a
view of the road surface 61 metres behind the
vehicle extending to the horizon. The line of sight
may be partially obscured by seated occupants or
by head restraints. Internal rear vision mirrors fitted
to the vehicle shall have flat reflecting surfaces.
The internal rear vision mirror mounting shall provide a e. Oil pressure indicator
stable support for the mirror, and shall provide for f. Odometer
adjustment by tilting in horizontal and vertical g. Water temperature indicator
directions. If the mirror is subjected to an impact, the h. Service brake failure indicator lamp
mounting shall deflect, collapse or break away without i. Battery charge failure indicator
leaving sharp edges. j. Stop lamp failure indicator
k. Fuel level indicator
Passenger Side Rear Vision Mirror
l. Oil temperature indicator
If the design of the vehicle does not permit an
m. Parking brake indicator lamp
adequate field of view from the internal mirror an
external rear vision mirror shall be installed on the
passenger’s side of the vehicle. The passenger side
mirror need not be adjustable from the driver’s seating
position, but shall be capable of adjustment by tilting in
both horizontal and vertical directions.

The mirror can be flat or convex. The average radius

of a convex mirror is not to be less than 1,200 mm.

ADR 18/.. Instrumentation

Intent
To specify requirements for the provision and location
of certain visual indicators.

Requirements
A speedometer shall be fitted which indicates the
vehicle speed in kilometres per hour. A speedometer
shall not read less that the actual speed of the
vehicle. The speedometer must be installed so that
its indication is readily visible to the driver when
seated in the normal driving position.

An odometer shall be fitted which shall indicate the

distance travelled in one kilometre units (or less) from
1 to 999,999 kilometres with an accuracy of +/- 4%.
The display of information presented by the visual
indicators in the following list shall, if fitted to the
vehicle, meet the location requirements shown in
Figure 8.
ADR 21/.. Instrument panel
a. Speedometer
b. Direction indicator tell-tale lamp or lamps
c. High beam indicator
d. Tachometer
The visual indicators shall be totally visible to the
driver with the steering wheel in the straight ahead
position, and with the direction indicator lever in the
neutral position, (the steering wheel rim and its
supporting arms and attachment do not constitute
obstructions).
Intent
To specify requirements for the instrument panel to
reduce its injury potential to occupants on impact.

Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au
Requirements ADR 22/.. Head restraints
The area of the instrument panel that is within the
Intent
Head Impact Area when impacted, by a given head
To specify requirements for the design of head
form and velocity, the deceleration of the head form
restraints so as to limit the severity of injury in the
shall not exceed 80 times the acceleration due to
event of rear-end impacts (“whiplash”) and to
gravity continuously for more than 3 milliseconds.
ensure that the head restraints cannot be adjusted
Refer to ADR 69/.. for vehicles incorporating an
too low.
inflatable supplementary restraint system (air bag).

Requirements
Alternatively proof of compliance with the alternative
Head restraints are to be constructed and
criterion.
contoured to decelerate horizontal movements of
the head without concentrations of load on it.
Alternative criterion
The areas not shown as exempt in Figures 9 and 10
Head restraints shall be provided for each of the
must be covered with high density energy absorbing
two front outboard seating positions.
material.
The head restraints must be mounted on, or be
integral with the seat backs. They may be provided
with adjustable mounting but the upper boundary of
the impact surface shall not be lower than 700 mm
above the ‘Seating Reference Point’ refer page 7.

The width of each head restraint shall not be less

than 250 mm for use with bench seats and not less
than 170 mm for use with individual seats.

The head restraint shall not measure less than 115

mm between upper and lower boundaries.

ADR 23/.. Passenger car tyres

Intent
To specify requirements of strength, construction
and standard pressure/load relationships for
passenger car tyres of particular size designations.

Requirements
Each tyre shall be conspicuously labelled on both
sidewalls with the following information:
• tyre size designation
• speed category
• tyre carcass construction
• maximum load rating or load index
• identification of the tyre manufacturer
• date of manufacture
• word “tubeless” if applicable.

Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au
The labelling shall consist of permanently moulded
characters at least 3.8 mm high and 0.25 mm deep if
below the background surface, or at least 0.4 mm
outstanding, if above the background surface.
Each tyre fitted to the vehicle shall incorporate at least
four treadwear indicators approximately equally
spaced, each of which provides a visual indication that
the tread in its vicinity has a minimum groove depth of
1.25 mm.
ADR 25/.. Anti-theft lock
Intent
To specify requirements for a lock to inhibit
unauthorised use of the vehicle and to minimise
possibility of inadvertent application of steering locks
to the anti-theft position when the vehicle is in motion.
Requirements
A key operated protective device shall be fitted to the
vehicle to prevent the engine from being started and
to prevent the vehicle from being either steered,
driven or moved forward under its own power.
This protective device and the components on which
it operates, shall be so designed that it cannot rapidly
and without attracting any attention, be opened,
rendered ineffective, or destroyed.
The protective device shall be such that it excludes
any risk of accidental operation while the vehicle is
in motion which is likely to compromise safety. i.e.
It shall not be possible to activate protective devices
acting on the steering, transmission or gear shift
control without first setting the engine control to a
stop condition.
It shall not be possible to activate the motive power
of the vehicle by normal means until the protective
device has been deactivated.
For more information refer to ADR 25/.. Anti-theft
Lock.
Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au
Alternative criterion
The vehicle shall have a key operated lock which
provides:
• an ‘engine-on’ position which permits the normal
functioning of the engine
• an ‘engine-off’ position which prevents the normal
functioning of the engine
• an anti-theft position which prevents the normal
functioning of the engine and also inhibits
unauthorised use of the vehicle.
It shall not be possible to adjust the lock from the
‘engine-on’ position to the ‘anti-theft’ position without
passing through the ‘engine-off’ position.
When the key is removed the lock shall be in the
‘anti-theft’ position and it shall be impossible either to
steer the vehicle or to engage the forward drive gears
or to release a brake without removal or destruction
of the device.
ADR 28/.. External noise of motor vehicles
Intent
To specify limits for external noise from motor
vehicles in order to limit the contribution of motor
traffic to community noise.
Requirements
The vehicle when tested in accordance with the
requirements of ADR 28/.. the sound level
measured shall not exceed 77 dB(A) for the vehicle
in motion test and 90 dB(A) for the stationary test.
Alternative criterion
Proof of compliance demonstrated by a stationary
exhaust noise test in accordance with the National
Road Transport Commission – ‘National Stationary
Exhaust Noise Test Procedures for In-Service
Motor Vehicles’
ADR 29/.. Side door strength The label shall be plastic or metal and shall be bonded,
welded, riveted or otherwise securely attached to a
Intent
part of the engine necessary for normal engine
To specify strength and stiffness requirements for
operation and not normally requiring replacement
side doors of passenger cars which can be used for
during engine life. The label shall be in a position in
occupant access to reduce intrusion into the
which it can be read after installation in the vehicle.
passenger compartment as a result of side impact.

Requirements The engine, as installed in the vehicle, shall be

An Engineering Report which demonstrates
compliance with ADR 29/.. shall be submitted.
Alternative criterion
Proof of compliance with the technical requirements
of S3 and S4 of FMVSS 214 – 35 F.R. 16801,
October 30, 1970 Side Door Strength – Passenger
Cars as amended by FMVSS 214-58 FR 14169 is
required to be submitted.
ADR 30/.. Diesel engine exhaust smoke emissions
Intent
To limit the opacity of diesel engine exhaust smoke
emissions.
adjusted to the manufacturer’s specifi cations.
Any cold starting device shall be designed so that it
cannot be brought into or retained in operation when
the engine is running normally.
The vehicle shall be equipped with a stopping device
which is operated by the vehicle’s ignition switch.
ADR 31/.. Hydraulic brake systems for passenger
cars
Intent
To ensure safe braking under normal and emergency
conditions for vehicles equipped with hydraulic service
brakes.

Requirements
A diesel engine fitted to an ICV must comply with
ADR 30/.. Smoke Emission Control for Diesel
Vehicles. ADR 30/.. refers to ECE Regulation 24
Uniform Provisions Concerning:
i. the approval of compression ignition (C.I.) engines
with regard to the emission of visible pollutants
ii. the approval of motor vehicles with regard to the
installation of C.I. engines of an approved type
iii. the approval of motor vehicles equipped with C.I.
engines with regard to the emission of visible
pollutants by the engine
iv. the measurement of power of C.I. engine.
Requirements
If the vehicle has a hydraulic braking system it shall
have:
• a control for the service brake system which it is
readily accessible to the driver in the normal driving
position
• a parking brake system such that in the applied
position retention is effected by mechanical means.
The control by which the system is actuated is to be
readily accessible to the driver in the normal driving
position
• one or more service brake failure indicator lamps
and a parking brake indicator lamp.

The diesel engine shall have affixed to it a durable,

legible label which indicates that the engine was
manufactured to comply with ADR 30/...

Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au
Alternative criterion
Fade Test
With the vehicle unladen, fifteen deceleration modes
must be conducted in accordance with ADR 31/00 but
from a minimum initial speed of 60km/h, such that the
sustained deceleration is not less than 4.5 m/s2 for
each mode and the distance between successive
brake applications is not more than 250 metres or the
maximum interval between successive applications is
not more than 25 seconds.
The pedal effort as specified in ADR 31/00 must not
be exceeded.
Refer to DPTI fact sheet - Brake System Test
Procedure (MR132).
Effectiveness Test
Immediately on completion of the Fade Tests, two
Effectiveness Tests must be conducted in accordance
with item 7 of ADR 31/00 (i.e. Third Effectiveness
Test).
If the instantaneous deceleration is measured instead
of the average deceleration, the deceleration shall not
be less than 0.89g for any one of the two stops.
If the above test requirements are met with a pedal
effort of less that 150 Newtons the Minimum Pedal
Effort Test in accordance with the ADR 31/00 must be
conducted.
Refer to DPTI fact sheet - Brake System Test
Procedure (MR132).
ADR 34/.. Child restraint anchorages and fittings
Intent
To specify requirements for child restraint anchorages
and child restraint anchor fittings to provide for the
connection of standard attaching clips so that child
restraints may be adequately secured to the vehicle.
Anchorages
Each rear seating position must have either a ‘Child
Restraint Anchor Fitting’ or a mounting point for one.
Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au
The ‘Child Restraint Anchor Fitting’ is the attachment
point for the ‘Attaching Clip’ of a child restraint system
and is usually bolted or welded to the structure of the
vehicle.
Each anchorage shall be so designed and located
that:
a. no items need to be removed to gain access to the
anchorage, other than closure plugs, and items that
are removable without the use of tools
b. clearance is provided to allow the installation of
child restraint anchor fitting and for the latching and
unlatching of the attaching clip to the child restraint
anchor fitting without the use of tools
c. it is within 40 mm of the centre line of the seating
position
d. it is rearward of the seat backrest
e. information including either a photograph or a
diagram regarding the location of each ‘Child
Restraint Anchorage’ shall be specified in the vehicle
handbook or otherwise supplied with the vehicle.
The information shall include:
WARNING: Child restraint anchorages are designed to
withstand only those loads imposed by correctly fitted
child restraints. Under no circumstances are they to be
used for adult seatbelts or harnesses.
Details on the thickness (and number) of ‘spacers’
required at each ‘Child Restraint Anchorage’ location
and the correct method of installation of ‘Child
Restraint Anchor Fitting(s)’. See Figure 11.
Construction – Child Restraint Anchorages Alternative criterion
The engine fitted to the vehicle shall be designed to
All anchorages are to be tested simultaneously and
use unleaded petrol or Liquefied Petroleum Gas
each anchorage must be able to withstand a force of at
(LPG) as a fuel.
least 3.4 kN.

The direction of the test load shall be within 20 degrees
of the “design line of action” of the child restraint
anchorage fitting and not more than 5 degrees to the
left or right of the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
Under test conditions, some deformation is permitted,
but the anchorage must not pull away from the
structure.
The engine must remain standard as manufactured
and incorporate all design features and components
originally fitted to that engine.
In addition, the vehicle is required to retain any other
associated components of the system such as the
catalytic converter.

Overseas sourced engines will be accepted provided

Proof of the strength of anchorages shall be by
that the engine is manufactured to a standard
calculation, physical testing or where applicable in
equivalent to ADR 37/01.
accordance with the alternative criterion.

Alternative Criterion Every vehicle shall be so constructed that crankcase

Child Restraint Anchorages located through a sheet
metal section of the vehicle body such as the rear
parcel shelf can be constructed by using
50 x 50 x 3 mm steel backing plates, or plates of
equivalent size and stiffness with a nut permanently
attached to the underside of the plate.
The corners of backing plates shall have a minimum
radius of 5 mm and the edges adjacent to the sheet
metal shall be chamfered.
ADR 37/01 Emission control for light vehicles
Intent
To limit fuel evaporative emissions and exhaust
emissions from motor vehicles in order to reduce air
pollution, and to require new vehicles to be
manufactured to operate on unleaded petrol.
gases are not permitted to escape into the
atmosphere.
A label of durable material which includes the engine
tune up specifications shall be permanently affixed in
the engine compartment. The label may be a copy of
the original donor engine label.
In the case of vehicles operating on petrol, an
Evaporative Emission Control System which will
prevent vaporised fuel from the fuel system being
emitted into the atmosphere, shall be fitted.
If the engine is modified away from its standard
specifications then the vehicle must be tested to ADR
37/01 or by an IM240 emission testing facility or by an
alternative test acceptable to DPTI.

Requirements
Vehicle to be tested in accordance with the
requirements of ADR 37/01 or evidence to be
submitted to show that the vehicle complies with the
alternative criterion.

Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au
ADR 42/.. General safety requirements
Intent
To specify design and construction requirements to
ensure safe operation of vehicles.
Requirements
Bonnet Latching
Any movable body panel forward of the windscreen
that serves to cover an engine, luggage, storage or
battery compartment must be provided with a latch
system.
A panel opening from the front which in any open
position partially or completely obstructs a driver’s
forward view through the windscreen shall be provided
with a second latch position on the latch system or with
a second latch system.
Diesel Engines
A locking device shall be provided which prevents the
engine from being started by any accidental or
inadvertent means. (The locking device must act on
the engine and prevent it from starting, should it be
cranked by accidental means).
Steering System
The centre line of the steering control must not be
located to the left of the centre line of the vehicle.
Any component of the steering system which is
essential to the steering operation shall be
designed to transmit energy by mechanical means
only.
Failure of any non-mechanical component of the
steering system must not prevent effective steering
of the vehicle.
Standard Controls for Automatic Transmission
All motor vehicles equipped with an automatic
transmission shall be fitted with a starter interlock
that renders the engine starter inoperative when
the transmission control lever is in any forward or
reverse drive position.
Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au
Electrical Wiring, Connections & Installations
The wiring of electrical equipment other than the high
tension ignition wiring shall:
• be supported at intervals of not more than 600 mm
• be insulated at joints
• be located in such a position that it cannot become
overheated, cannot contact moving parts nor constitute
a fire hazard owing to its proximity to the fuel system
• be protected from chafing. The edge of all holes in
metal through which the wiring passes shall be rolled
or bushed with a grommet of rubber or equivalent
insulating material.
Exhaust Outlets
The exhaust outlet shall extend at least 40 mm
beyond the further most outboard or rearmost joint of
the floor pan which is not continuously welded or
permanently sealed which could permit direct access
of exhaust gases to the passenger compartment, but
not beyond the perimeter of the vehicle when viewed
in plan.
The exhaust outlet, if to the side of the vehicle, shall
discharge downwards at an angle to the horizontal of
not less than 15 degrees and not more than 45 degrees.
The exhaust outlet, if to the rear of the vehicle shall
discharge at not more than 10 degrees above or 45
degrees below the horizontal.
External or Internal Protrusions
No vehicle shall be equipped with:
• any object or fitting, not technically essential to such
vehicle which protrudes from any part of the vehicle
so that it is likely to increase the risk of bodily injury
to any person
• any object or fitting technically essential to such
vehicles unless its design, construction and
conditions and the manner in which it is affixed to
the vehicle are such as to reduce to a minimum the
risk of bodily injury to any person any object or
fitting which, because it is pointed or has a sharp
edge, is likely to increase the risk of bodily injury to
any person
• any bumper bar the end of which is not turned
towards the body of the vehicle to a sufficient
extent to avoid any risk of hooking or grazing.
)LHOGRI9LHZ
$PRWRUYHKLFOHPXVWQRWEHFRQVWUXFWHGLQD
PDQQHUZKLFKSUHYHQWVWKHGULYHUIURPKDYLQJDQ
DGHTXDWHYLHZRIWUDI¿FRQHLWKHUVLGHRIWKHYHKLFOH
DQGLQDOOGLUHFWLRQVLQIURQWRIWKHYHKLFOHWRHQDEOH
WKHYHKLFOHWREHGULYHQZLWKVDIHW\
1RSDVVHQJHUVHDWLQJSRVLWLRQPD\EHPRUHWKDQ
PPLQIURQWRIWKHGULYHUVVHDWLQJSRVLWLRQZKHQ
ERWKVHDWVDUHLQWKHUHDUPRVWSRVLWLRQRI
DGMXVWPHQW
1RPRWRUYHKLFOHPXVWEHFRQVWUXFWHGZLWKD
SDVVHQJHUVHDWLQJSRVLWLRQDWWKHULJKW±KDQGVLGHRI
WKHGULYHU
• The contour and location of the wheel guards shall
be such that they are as close to the tyre as possible
and they shall satisfy the following requirements:
• The lower lip of the outer edge of the guard shall be
at least 30 mm deep directly above the centre of the
wheel. This depth (p) may be reduced progressively
to zero at points D and E.
The wheel guards may consist of several components,
provided that no gaps exist between or within the
individual parts when assembled.
The wheel guards shall be securely attached. However
they may be detachable either as a unit or in parts.
The front wheel guard itself or in conjunction with other
components (e.g. bumper bars) of the vehicle body or
chassis shall prevent direct contact with the upper half
of the wheel in a forward collision.

:KHHO*XDUGV0XGJXDUGV

7KHYHKLFOHPXVWEHSURYLGHGZLWKZKHHOJXDUGV
SDUWRIWKHERG\ZRUNPXGJXDUGVHWFZKLFKVKDOO
EHVRGHVLJQHGDVWRSURWHFWRWKHUURDGXVHUVDV
IDUDVSUDFWLFDEOHDJDLQVWWKURZQXSVWRQHVPXG
LFHVQRZDQGZDWHUDQGWRUHGXFHIRUWKRVHXVHUV
WKHGDQJHUVGXHWRFRQWDFWZLWKWKHPRYLQJZKHHOV

7KHZKHHOJXDUGVVKDOOPHHWWKHIROORZLQJ
UHTXLUHPHQWVZKHQWKHZKHHOVDUHLQWKHVWUDLJKW
DKHDGSRVLWLRQ

• In the part formed by radial planes at an angle of

30 degrees to the front and 50 degrees to the
rear of the centre of the wheel (i.e. the part of the
mudguard between D and E in Figure 12), the
overall width (q) of the wheel guards must be at
least sufficient to cover the tyre ‘Section
Width’ (b) of the tyres fitted to the vehicle, taking Brake Tubing & Brake Hose
into account the extremes of tyre/wheel Air or vacuum brake tubing and air and vacuum brake
combinations that may be fitted to the vehicle. hose, flexible and hydraulic power hose between the
• The rear of the wheel guards must not terminate brake power unit and the master cylinder or its
equivalent shall conform to SAE, or other approved
above a horizontal plane 150 mm above the
standards specified for air/vacuum or hydraulic tubing or
centre of the wheel and the intersection of the
hose. Brake tubing and hoses are to be fitted to the
edge of the wheel guards with this plane (point
vehicle to prevent chafing, kinking or other mechanical
A, Figure 12) shall lie outside the centreline of
damage under normal operating conditions.
the tyre.

Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au
Reverse Gear
An ICV shall be capable of being operated by the
driver from the normal seating position in both
forward and reverse directions.
Television & Visual Display Units
All television receivers or visual display units shall
be installed so that no part of the image on the
screen is visible to the driver from the normal
driving position unless:
a. the television receiver or visual display unit
cannot be operated while the vehicle is moving, or
b. the television receiver or visual display unit is a
driver’s aid.
Examples of driver’s aid include, closed-circuit
security cameras, navigational or intelligent
highway and vehicle systems (GPS), rear view
screens and vehicle monitoring devices.
All television receivers or visual display units and
their associated equipment shall be mounted in a
position which:
• does not obscure the driver’s vision
• does not impede driver or passenger movement
in the vehicle
• is unlikely to increase the risk of occupant injury.
Windows & Ventilation
At least half the number of windows shall be
capable of being opened or the vehicle shall be
provided with an alternative method of ventilation.
Power Operated Window Systems
Power operated windows, if fitted shall comply with
the requirements of ADR 42/.. Clause 19.3 Power
Operated Window Systems. Power operated
windows should not be operational 45 seconds
after the ignition is turned off.
Warning Devices – Audible
No device capable of producing a sound
resembling that produced by any siren, repeater
horn, bell or whistle shall be attached to an ICV.
Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au
A repeater horn is any device which emits an audible
sound alternating between different tones or
frequencies on a regular time cycle.
Every motor vehicle shall be fitted with at least one
warning device capable of giving sufficient audible
warning of the presence of the vehicle. It shall give an
audible signal having constant amplitude and
frequency characteristics. It may be powered by any
energy source including compressed air.
A further device may be fitted which emits an
intermittent audible signal only when reverse gear is
selected. The audible signal is to warn persons of the
proximity of the reversing vehicle and should not be
louder than is necessary for this purpose.
Demisting of Windscreens
Every motor vehicle having a windscreen must be
fitted with a device capable of removing condensed
moisture from the inside of the windscreen.
Windscreen Wipers & Washers
Every motor vehicle having a windscreen must be
fitted with a power-driven windscreen wiping system.
Every motor vehicle having a windscreen wiping
system must have a windscreen washing system that
can direct water on to the windscreen within the area
swept by the windscreen wipers.
The device or devices for operating the wipers and
washer must be able to be controlled by the driver in
the normal driving position.
ADR 43/.. Vehicle configurations and marking
Intent
To specify requirements for vehicle configuration and
dimensions.
Requirements
Turning Circle
Every motor vehicle shall have a turning circle in either
direction (as determined by reference to the extreme
outer edge of the tyre track at ground level) not
exceeding 25 metres in diameter.
Ground Clearance
The ground clearance of a vehicle measured from a
horizontal road surface to any point of the underside
of the vehicle except the tyres, wheels and wheel
hubs shall, with the vehicle in its maximum laden
condition be not less than 100 mm.
Note: For vehicles with a wheelbase dimension
exceeding 3 m or with rear overhang exceeding
1.5m refer to ADR 43/..
Overall Width
The overall width of a vehicle must not exceed
2,500 mm.
ADR 46/.. – Headlamps
Intent
To specify the photometric requirements for
headlamps which will provide adequate illumination
for the driver of the vehicle without producing undue
glare for other road users.
Requirements
Only lamps complying with ADR 46/.. are
acceptable. The headlamps shall be suitably
handed for right-hand drive and the colour of light
emitted shall be white.
Headlamps shall be so designed and made, that in
normal use despite the vibration to which they may
then be subjected, their satisfactory operation
continues to be ensured.
The components by which the filament globe is fixed
to the reflector shall be so made that, even in
darkness, the globe can be fixed in no position but
the correct one.
The headlamps shall be so made that they give
adequate illumination without dazzle on the passing
beam, and good illumination on the driving beam.
Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au
ADR 13/.. specifies that the vehicle shall have:
• two or four main-beam headlamps positioned at the
front of the vehicle and fitted in such a way that the
light emitted does not cause discomfort to the driver
either directly or indirectly through the rear view
mirrors or other reflecting surfaces of the vehicle
• the outer edges of the illuminating surfaces of the
main-beam headlamps must not be closer to the outer
edge of the vehicle than the outer edges of the
illuminating surface of the dipped-beam headlamps
• the main-beam headlamps may be switched on either
simultaneously or in pairs. For changing over from
the main-beam to the dipped-beam all main-beam
headlamps shall be switched off simultaneously
• a circuit-closed main-beam headlamp tell-tale the
colour of which shall be blue
• two dipped-beam headlamps positioned at the front
of the vehicle with the outer edges of the illuminating
surfaces being not more than 400 mm from the
extreme outer edges of the vehicle and with the inner
edges of the illuminating surfaces being not less than
600 mm apart
• the lower edge of the illuminating surfaces shall be
not less than 500 mm above the ground and the higher
edges not more than 1200 mm above the ground
• the dipped-beam may remain switched on at the
same time as the main-beams
• the control for changing over to the dipped-beam
shall be a hand or foot operated switch within reach of
the driver in the normal driving position. The dipped
beam and main-beam headlamps may be grouped
together or with other front lamps.
ADR 47/.. Retro-reflectors
Intent
To specify the dimensional, photometric and stability
requirements for retro-reflectors which will ensure that
they effectively warn of the presence of the vehicle
and continue to do so in normal use.
Requirements
Retro-reflecting devices must be so constructed that
they function satisfactorily and will continue to do so in
normal use.
The components of retro-reflecting devices must not be
capable of being easily dismantled and the retro-
reflecting optical units must not be replaceable.
The outer surface of retro-reflecting devices must be
easy to clean and so it must not be a rough surface.
Only complying reflectors will be accepted.
ADR 13/.. specifies that:
• the vehicle shall have a rear registration plate
lamp so positioned that it will illuminate the site of
the registration plate
• the field of visibility of the illuminated surface shall
be 5 degrees above and below the horizontal and
30 degrees to either side.

The shape of illuminating surfaces of retro-reflecting

devices must fit within a 200 mm diameter circle. The
shape of the illuminating surfaces must be simple and
not easily confused at normal observation distances
with a letter, number or a triangle. The colouring of
retro-reflecting optical units by means of paint and
varnish is not permitted.
ADR 13/.. specifies that:
• a vehicle shall have two or more rear retro-reflectors
(non-triangular) affixed at the rear of the vehicle
with the outer edge of the illuminating surface being
not more that 400 mm from the extreme outer edge
of the vehicle
• the retro-refl ectors shall not be less than 250 mm
nor more than 900 mm above the ground
• they shall be visible in the horizontal plain up to 30
degrees either side of centre and up to 15 degrees
above and below the horizontal
• the illuminating surface of the retro-reflectors may
have parts in common with any other red lamp
situated at the rear
• the rear retro-reflectors shall be red.
ADR 48/.. Rear registration plate illuminating
devices
Intent
To specify the lighting requirements for rear
registration plate illuminating devices which will
ensure that the rear registration plate is adequately
illuminated.
The South Australian Road Traffic (Light Vehicle
Standards) Rules 2013 require that the number
plate can be read at night at a distance of 20m from
the rear of the vehicle.
ADR 49/.. Front and rear position (side) lamps,
stop lamps and end-outline marker lamps
Intent
To specify the photometric requirements for vehicle
light-signalling devices which will signal to other
road users the position, orientation and movement
of the vehicle without producing undue glare for
other road users.
Requirements
Front Position Lamps
ADR 13/.. specifies that:
• the vehicle shall have two front position (side)
lamps which shall emit a white light
• they shall be so positioned at the front of the
vehicle that the outer edges of the illuminating
surfaces are not more than 400 mm from the
extreme outer edges of the vehicle
• they shall be not less than 350 mm nor more than
1500 mm above the ground
• they shall be visible at all horizontal angles
between 45 degrees inboard and 80 degrees
outboard and at all vertical angles between 15
degrees above and below the horizontal.

Requirements
The light of the lamp used in the illuminating device
must be suffi ciently colour-less not to cause any
appreciable change in the colour of the registration
plate.

Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au
Rear Position Lamps
ADR 13/.. specifies that:
• the vehicle shall have two rear position (side) lamps
which emit a red light
• they shall be so positioned at the rear of the vehicle
that the outer edges of the illuminating surfaces are
not more than 400 mm from the extreme outer
edges of the vehicle
• they shall be not less than 350 mm nor more than
1500 mm above the ground
• they shall be visible at all horizontal angles between
45 degrees inboard and 80 degrees outboard and at
all vertical angles between 15 degrees above and
below the horizontal.
Stop Lamps
ADR 13/.. specifies that:
• the vehicle shall have two stop lamps which emit a
red light
• they shall be so positioned at the rear of the vehicle
that the outer edges of the illuminating surfaces are
not more than 400 mm from the extreme outer
edges of the vehicle
• they shall be not less than 350 mm nor more than
1500 mm above the ground
• they shall be visible at all horizontal angles between
45 degrees inboard and outboard and at all vertical
angles between 15 degrees above and below the
horizontal
• the lamps must light up when the service brake is
applied. They need not function if the engine control
is in the ‘off’ position i.e. ‘ignition off’.
ADR 51/.. Filament globes
Intent
To specify the dimensional and photometric
requirements for filament globes which will ensure
interchangeability and correct functioning when
installed in a lamp.
(Most commercially available automotive light globes
will comply with ADR 51/..)
ADR 60/.. - Centre high-mounted stop lamp
Intent
To specify requirements for supplementary ‘Centre
High-Mounted Stop Lamp’ on the rear of the vehicle
to provide an additional indication to other road users,
that the driver of the vehicle is applying the service
brakes.
The colour of the light emitted shall be red.
The lamp shall:
• have an effective projected luminous area of not
less than 30 square centimetres
• not contain symbols, letters or characters other than
those necessary for part number, manufacturer’s
identification and/or approval number identification
• provide access for convenient replacement of the
globe without the use of special tools
• provide a steady warning light
• not be ‘grouped’ with any other lamp
• not be combined with any other lamp or reflective
device
• not be reciprocally incorporated with any other lamp
• be illuminated when the service brakes of the
vehicle are applied.
The lamp is to be mounted such that it is:
• in width - on the vehicle’s median longitudinal plane
• in height – either not more than 150 mm above the
bottom edge of the rear window or not less than
850 mm above the ground
• facing rearward
• if the lamp is mounted inside the vehicle it shall be
shrouded to the glass, or other means shall be
provided to minimise refl ections from the light of
the lamp upon the rear window glazing that might
be visible to the driver when viewed directly, or
indirectly, in the rear vision mirror.

Requirements
• All filament globes installed in vehicle lamps must
comply with the requirements of ADR 51/.. Filament
Lamps.

Further information
Call 1300 882 248
Visit sa.gov.au
Email dpti.vehiclestandards@sa.gov.au
ADR 61/.. Vehicle marking
Intent
To specify requirements for vehicle marking.
Requirements
Identification Number (VIN). Every vehicle shall have
a unique Vehicle Identification Number (VIN). The
VIN for an ICV is issued by DPTI, Vehicle
Standards, and must be applied to the vehicle in
accordance with the instructions contained in the
‘Statement of Requirements’ for the vehicle. The
‘Statement of Requirements’ is also issued by
Vehicle Standards and must accompany the vehicle
when it is presented for its Roadworthy Inspection.
Engine Number
An identification number shall be legible and
permanently stamped on the main component of the
engine at the time of its manufacture and shall be
located where it can readily be seen when the
engine is installed in the vehicle.
Registration Plates
Provision shall be made for mounting a registration
plate that is to be affixed to the front and rear of the
vehicle so that no part of the registration plate will
be more than 1300 mm from the ground.
No part of the vehicle, including any production
options or equipment must be located to obscure
any part of the registration plate(s).
Individually Constructed Vehicles are not required to
verify compliance with these ADRs due to the costly,
complex and destructive nature of the crash testing,
however:
• Vehicle designers should consider crash survivability,
and occupant protection as high priority and
incorporate features that are likely to minimise injury
to occupants in the event of an accident.
• A metal placard must be fitted to the vehicle warning
occupants that the vehicle has not been tested in
accordance with Australian Design Rules 69, 72 and
73. See figure 13.
• A permanent label must be sewn on to the seatbelt
webbing of the front outboard seating positions, just
below the upper anchorage when the seatbelt is fully
retracted, so that it is easily visible to the occupant
before the seatbelt is secured. The label should
contain the warning shown in figure 13 and should be
at least 100 x 30 mm in size.
• The warning displayed on the metal placard and the
seatbelts must also be contained in the vehicle
handbook or otherwise be supplied with the vehicle.
Airbags
Due to the highly technical and complex nature of
airbag design and the associated calibration
necessary to ensure proper operation without false
deployment, it is not recommended to fit airbags to
ICVs.

Gas discharge headlamps

Dynamic occupant protection
Gas discharge headlamps may be fitted to an ICV but
are inherently complex, expensive and are subject to
ADR 69/.. Full frontal impact impact occupant
additional requirements beyond that of regular
protection
headlamps. Refer to ADR 13/.. Installation of Lighting
and Light Signalling Devices on other than L-Group
ADR 72/.. Dynamic side impact occupant
Vehicles and ADR 77/.. Gas Discharge Headlamps.
protection

ADR 73/.. Offest frontal impact occupant

protection

These ADRs involve crash testing of vehicles

containing ‘wired’ anthropomorphic dummies to
verify compliance.

This publication represents the views of the authors and not necessarily those of the Minister for
Transport, Energy, Infrastructure, Administrative Services and Government Enterprises, and
Road Safety or the Department of Transport and Infrastructure. No responsibility is accepted by
the Minister for any errors or omissions contained within this publication. The information
contained within the publication is for general information only. Readers should always seek
independent, professional advice where appropriate, and no liability will be accepted for any loss
or damage arising from reliance upon any information in this publication.