COMBINED AXIAL AND BENDING

Flexure and Axial Tension

Members subjected to both flexure and axial
tension shall be so proportioned that

Where:
and = tabulated bending design value multiplied by
all applicable adjustment factors except CF
= allowable tension design value parallel to grain

= actual unit stress in tension parallel to grain

= actual unit stress for extreme fiber in bending

Flexure and Axial Compression
Members subjected to both flexure and axial
compression shall be so proportioned that

shall not be less than zero nor greater than one

 
Problem 601
A timber wall is 50 mm wide, 150 mm deep and
having a height of 3.50 m is assumed to be hinged at w
y
top and bottom (use k = 1.0). It is subjected to an axial
load of 15 kN on the centroid. A uniformly distributed
load is also acting along the weaker axis of its entire
height.

150 mm
Bending and tension parallel to grain = 16.5 MPa x
Modulus of Elasticity = 7310 MPa
z
Compression Parallel to Grain = 9.56 MPa
Compression Perpendicular to Grain = 2.20 MPa

What is the allowable uniform load “w” it could carry?

50 mm
1.0 m
Solution:

Determine the allowable stresses with adjustment as

applicable.
1. Allowable unit stress in compression with adjustment

𝑙 𝐾𝑙 1.0(1000𝑚𝑚)
= = = 20
𝑑 𝑑 50𝑚𝑚
 Type of Beam Span and Nature of Value of
Load Effective
  𝐸   7310
𝐾 = 0.671 = 0.671 = 18.55 Length, le
𝐹 9.56
1. Single-span beam, load 1.61lu
𝑙 concentrated at the center
𝐾< < 50
𝑑 2. Single-span beam, uniformly 1.92lu
Thus, distributed load
0.30𝐸 3. Single-span beam, equal end 1.84lu
𝐹 = = 5.48𝑀𝑃𝑎
20 moments
4. Cantilever beam, load 1.69lu
concentrated at the free end
2. Allowable unit stress in bending (major axis) with adjustment5. Cantilever beam, uniformly 1.06lu
distributed load
  𝑙 𝑑 6. Cantilever beam, uniformly 1.69lu
𝐶 = = 10.73 distributed load with concentrated
𝑏
load at cantilever end

𝐸  
7. Single-span or cantilever beam, 1.92lu
𝐶 = 0.811 = 17.07 any other load
𝐹

10 < 𝐶 < 𝐶
 Use the interaction equation for members subjected to
both flexure and axial compression
Thus,
1 𝐶
𝐹 =𝐹 1− = 15.64 𝑀𝑃𝑎
3 𝐶

Determine the actual stresses.

1. Actual compressive stress.

15000𝑁
𝑓 = = 2.0 𝑀𝑃𝑎
50𝑚𝑚(150𝑚𝑚)

2. Actual bending stress (major axis).

𝑤 𝐿
6𝑀 6
8 (1000)
𝑓 = =
𝑏𝑑 50𝑚𝑚 150𝑚𝑚