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Essay
“Management is Science or an Art”
Edgar Degas “Art is not what you see, but what you make
others see”.
Art is ability, skill, creativity and imagination and we can define art as
“Ability or skill associated to do a particular task”.
Science is the logic, reason and factual analysis and we can define
Science as “Science is the logic and reasoning of ‘WHY’ Behind
every task, something which can be proved on the basis of
experiments”
I think Art and Science can not be separated completely from each
other.
We can relate art and science
Art of cooking tasty food – HOW to cook food to make it tasty.
Art of designing jeweller – How to make ornaments using metal and
stone.
Art of sketching a beautiful building – How to convert brick, mortar,
steel to build a Building.
Management as an art
Art refers to the way of doing specific things. It is the skill in conducting
any human activity. Art indicate how an object can be achieved
through the application of skill. Art is therefore, a skilful application of
knowledge which entirely depends on the inherent capacity of a person
and is learned from practice and experience. Art is concerned with the
understanding of how a particular work can be accomplished. In this
sense, management is certainly an art as manager uses his skill,
knowledge and experience in solving various problems that arise in the
working of his enterprise successful.
Management as a science
Science can be described as a systematically body of knowledge based
on proper findings and exact principles and is capable of verification. It
is a reservoir of fundamental truths and its findings apply in all the
situations. Science is knowledge as of facts and principles; knowledge
gained by systematic study or observation and experimentation. The
methods used in scientific inquiries are systematic and empirical.
Moreover, information can be ordered and analysed and the result or
findings of scientific studies are cumulative. Based on this,
management is a science because it has developed some systematized
knowledge.
Management empirical studies the man and the factors affecting him
to understand human behaviour in the work place. It is therefore a
behavioural science. Managers when faced with managerial problems
usually expect that there is a rational an objective way to determine
the correct course of action. Lastly, early management researchers
subscribed to the vision of managers as scientists.
Conclusion
As an engineer after looking to the aspects of Art of Skill to manage
people, situations, material etc. In conclusion I also accept the fact
“Management is an Art as well as a Science”. It involves both the
elements of art and science. It is considered an art because managing
requires application of certain skills and a science because it has an
organized body of knowledge which contains certain universal truths.
The science provides the knowledge and the art deals with the
application of knowledge and skills. According to the American society
of mechanical Engineers, management is the art and science of
preparing, organizing and directing human efforts to control the forces
and utilize the material of nature for the benefit of men. Thus, it has
now been accepted that management is both an art and a science.