PRE-HISTORIC PHILIPPINES - Corazon Aquino

- EDSA Revolution I 1996

- Datus, Rajahs, Sultans
- Spanish Colony
- Crown Colony (Grear Britain and France War)
PHILIPPINE REVOLUTIONARY MOVEMENTS
1. La Solidaridad
- Created in Spain (September 13, 1756) comp.
of Filipino Liberals (viled in 1872)
1. Jose Rizal
2. Graciano Lopez Jaena
3. Marcelo H. del Pilar
2. La Liga Filipina
- by Dr. Jose Rizal in Philippines in house of
Doroteo Ongjunco at Ilaya Street, Tondo, Manila (1982)
- aim is to unite the whole archipelago into one
compact, vigorous, homogenous body.
- non – violent organization
- arrested on July 6, 1892 in Dapitan
3. KKK – Kataas – taasang Kagalang-galangang
Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan
- founded by anti – Spanish Colonialism Filipinos
in Manila on July 7, 1892 and was discovered in 1896
- goal:
Andres Bonifacio, Teodoro Plata, Ladislao Diwa
Four (4) Aims:
1. to develop a strong alliance with w each and every
katipunero
2. to unite Filipino into solid nation
3. to win Philippine Independence by means of an
armed conflict
4. to establish a republic after independence.
FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC (MALOLOS REPUBLIC)
- Inauguration (January 22, 1899)
PHILIPPINE – AMERICAN WAR (American Territory
(Manila))
- Headed by US Military Governor: Arthur
MacArthur Jr.
COMMONWEALTH OF THE PHILIPPINES
- Manuel L. Quezon
FIFTH REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES
- Corazon Aquino
- Fidel Ramos
- Joseph Estrada
- EDSA II
- Gloria Macapagal – Arroyo
- Benigno Aquino III
PHILIPPINE SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS
NATION AND 4 MAJOR CONSTITUTIONS
1. The 1899 Constitution which established the First
Republic in Asia.
2. The 1935 Constitution which served as the basic law
during the period of self – government while the
Philippines was still under American rule after it became
independent in 1946.
3. The 1973 Constitution which allowed Ferdinand
Marcos to continue to hold office as president.
4. The 1987 Constitution, upon which the present
government is based which essentially restores
institutions and process dismantled by Marcos during
his regime.
1. Type of government Spain established in the
Philippines UNITARY/CENTRALIZED
2. Headed the towns GOBERNADORCILLO/CAPTAIN
3. Headed the provinces GOVERNOR
4. Since Philippines is a republic, the form of
government used PRESIDENTIAL
5. 3 branches of government EXECUTIVE, LEGISLATIVE,
JUDICIARY
6.
7. Who does the settlement of legal controversies
JUDICIARY
8. Revolution led by the Katipunan occur
9. Central government of Katipunan SUPREME COUNCIL
10. Kind of council each town had POPULAR COUNCIL
11. When were the officials elected when Gen.
Aguinaldo was President? TAJEROS CONVENTION,
MARCH 22, 1897

THIRD REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES 12. Republic Aguinaldo established

13. Biak Na Bato established NOVEMBER 1, 1897
- Manuel Roxas
- Elpidio Quirino 14. Aim of the revolutions like Katipunan SEPARATION
- Ramon Magsaysay OF PHILIPPINES FROM SPANISH MONARCHY
- Carlos P. Garcia
15. Spanish – American War APRIL 25, 1898
- Diosdado Macapagal
MARTIAL LAW ERA 16. Type of government Gen. Aguinaldo established on
May 24, 1898? DICTATORSHIP GOVNT
- Ferdinand Marcos
- Benigno Aquino Jr.
17. Most important achievement of the Dictatorial
Government PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENCE AT KAWIT ON
JUNE 12, 1898
18. Kind of government established during the
American occupation MILITARY GOVERNMENT
19. Military government begin APRIL 4, 1898
20. 3 commander in Chief of the Armed Forces of the US
WESLEY MERRITT, ELWELL OTIS, MAJOR GEN. ARTHUR
MCARTHUR
21. Type of government established pursuant to the so-
called Spooner government CIVIL GOVERNMENT
22. Start and end of Civil government 1901 – 1907
23. Agency acted as the upper house of Legislative
branch from 1907 – 1916 PHILIPPINE COMMISSION
24. Served the lower house PHILIPPINE ASSEMBLY
25. Form of government established pursuant to an act
of the US Congress on March 24, 1934
COMMONWEALTH GOVERNMENT
26. Law provided for a transition of 10 years until its
expiration on July 4, 1896 TYDINGS MCDUFFIE
27. First National Election held NOVEMBER 15, 1935
28. President of Vice President won in the 1935 Natl
Elections MANUEL QUEZON AND SERGIO OSMENA
16 PHILIPPINE PRESIDENTS
EMILIO AGUINALDO (1869-1964)
"We cannot free ourselves unless we move forward
united in a single desire"
Independence From Spain
• Eager to fight for the cause of Philippine
independence, in 1895 Aguinaldo took up with
a secret society of revolutionaries headed by
fellow lodge member Andres Bonifacio. When a
rival faction executed Bonifacio in 1897,
Aguinaldo assumed total leadership of the
revolution against Spain.
• Emilio Aguinaldo (1869-1964) was the first
president of the Philippines. In addition to that,
he was also a noted general who played a key
role in the country’s revolt against its Spanish
rulers as well as fighting against the occupation
by the United States. His military abilities saw
him featured heavily in the Philippine-American
War that eventually led to the country’s
independence. His time in power remains
controversial as he was both a renowned
freedom fighter and a dictatorial leader.
Early life
• Aguinaldo was born on March 22, 1868, in
Cavite, the second-youngest of eight children.
His family was wealthy and influential; his
father held a mayoral post. The young boy was
given a good education, but his father’s death in
1883 forced him to drop out of high school
before he finished. From then onward, he was
employed by his mother in running the family’s
farms. He entered politics in January 1895,
becoming “capitan municipal” in Cavite.
Major contributions
• As the revolutionary, he defeated the army of Governor
General Blanco in Cavite when the revolution had
started.
• As the president, he ordered the creation of the
Philippine flag and composition of the national anthem,
and declared the nation’s independence from Spain on
June 12, 1898.
• By December 1897, Aguinaldo had managed to reach the
Truce of Biak-na-Bato with Spain. He and his rebels
agreed to a surrendering of arms and accepted exile to
Hong Kong in exchange for amnesty, indemnity and
liberal reform. However, neither side kept up their end of
the bargain. The Spanish government did not deliver in
full all that was promised, and the rebels did not truly
surrender arms. In fact, Aguinaldo's revolutionaries used
some of Spain's financial compensation to purchase
additional arms for the resistance. From Hong Kong,
Aguinaldo also made arrangements to assist Americans
fighting against Spain in the Spanish-American War. As
neither peace nor independence had been achieved, in
1898 Aguinaldo returned to the Philippines to resume his
rebellion against Spanish rule.
• After three years at war, Aguinaldo was captured by
American General Frederick Funston on March 23, 1901.
After swearing an oath of allegiance to the United States,
on April 19, 1901, Aguinaldo officially declared peace
with the United States. By this time, the United States
was ready to support limited Philippine independence. It
wasn't until 1946 that the Philippines would have
absolute control of its own sovereignty.
• Aguinaldo retreated to a private life as a farmer but
never forgot the men who fought alongside him. In their
honor, he would later establish the Veterans of the
Revolution, an organization that arranged their pensions,
as well as affordable payment plans for land purchases.
Death
• Emilio Aguinaldo died of a heart attack at
Veterans Memorial Hospital in Quezon City,
Philippines, on February 6, 1964, at the age of
94. His private land and mansion, which he had
donated the prior year, continue to serve as a
shrine to both the revolution for Philippine
independence and the revolutionary himself.
MANUEL L. QUEZON August 19, 1878 – August 1,
1944
• Second President of the Philippines (November
15, 1935)
• First President of the Philippine Commonwealth
 • First President to rule the Philippines for two  Proclamation 30 war against USA and UK
terms
 Filipinos are against Laurel
1st term: 1935 – 1941
 Term of President Diosdado Macapagal
nd
2 term: 1941 – 1944 world war II (Japanese acknowledge the legitimacy of his presidency
conquest)
 Run for office but lost to Osmena in the election
HIS CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE PHILIPPINES considered as the dirtiest at that time

• Implemented the law that set minimum wage  Came back to senate 1951, then retired from
for the workers public service 1957

• His regime led to economic growth  August 17, 1945, Executive Proclamation ended
his regime
- The agricultural sector has become well
established which paved the way to the SERGIO OSMEÑA
growth of our merchandise exports
worldwide.  Born on September 9, 1878.

• Prioritized education together with Rafael  He was 65 when he became president

Palma  Second President of the Commonwealth
- Established the National Council of Education  Term: August 1, 1994- May 27, 1946
- Public Schools in the Philippines  Founder or Nationalista Party and was also the
• Women were given the rights to vote. first Visayan president.

• Declared Tagalog as the National Language  He was vice president under Manuel Quezon.

 Sergio Osmeña appears on the 50 peso bill

JOSE PACIANO LAUREL
 A lawyer by profession-placed 2nd in the overall
 March 9, 1891, Tanauan, Luzon, Philippines—
ranking with an average grade of 95.66,
died November 6, 1959, Manila.
 Served as Governor of Cebu
 President of the Second Philippine
Republic (1943–45) during the Japanese  A Senator from 1922-35, He joined fellow
occupation during World War II Senator Manuel Roxas in the United States to
lobby for Philippines independence at the
 Law degree from the University of the
American Congress.
Philippines in 1915 and advanced jurisprudence
degree in 1919 before earning a doctorate  The OSROX Mission played a vital role in the
in civil law from Yale University. approval of the Hare-Hawes-Cutting Act which
was eventually replaced by the Tydings-
 Elected to the Philippine Senate in 1925
McDuffie Act .
 Appointed an associate justice of the Supreme
Contributions
Court in 1936.
 Joined wit U.S Gen. Douglas McArthur on Leyte
 Offered his services to the Japanese, and,
on October 20, 1944 to begin restoration of
because of his criticism of U.S. rule of the
Philipine freedom after Japanese Occupation.
Philippines, held a series of high posts in 1942–
43, climaxing in his selection as president in  During his time, the Philippine National Bank
1943. has been rehabilitated.
 Delegate for the 1935 constitution convention  The country joined the International Monetary
Fund and International Bank for reconstruction
 One of the 7 wise men of the convention
and development.
 Lead the filing of provisions in the Bill of rights
 On his time, the Bell Trade Act was approved by
 Provisional Government or the Second the US congress.
Philippine Republic
MANUEL A. ROXAS
 Hunger ultimate problem because of on going
war 5th President of the Philippines and the 3rd and last
President of the Philippine Commonwealth
1944 Proclamation 29, Martial Law

RAMÓN DEL FIERRO MAGSAYSAY
ELPIDIO QUIRINO Nov. 16, 1890, Vigan, Phil.
Feb. 28, 1956, Novaliches
6th President of the Philippines
Timeline of his Presidency
• In 1934 he was a member of the Philippine
independence mission to Washington, D.C., headed
by Manuel Quezon, which secured the passage in
Congress of the Tydings–McDuffie Act, setting the
date for Philippine independence as July 4, 1946.
• He was also elected to the convention that drafted a
constitution for the new Philippine Commonwealth.
Subsequently he served as secretary of finance and
secretary of the interior in the Commonwealth
government.
• After World War II, Quirino served as secretary of
state and vice president under the first president of
the independent Philippines, Manuel Roxas. When
Roxas died on April 15, 1948, Quirino succeeded to
the presidency.
• President Quirino’s administration faced a serious
threat in the form of the Communist-led Hukbalahap
(Huk) movement. Though the Huks originally had
been an anti-Japanese guerrilla army in Luzon, the
Communists steadily gained control over the
leadership, and, when Quirino’s negotiations with
Huk commander Luis Taruc broke down in 1948,
Taruc openly declared himself a Communist and
called for the overthrow of the government.
• By 1950 the Huks had gained control over a
considerable portion of Luzon, and Quirino
appointed the able Ramon Magsaysay as secretary
of national defense to suppress the insurrection.
• Quirino’s six years as president were marked by
notable postwar reconstruction, general economic
gains, and increased economic aid from the United
States. Basic social problems, however, particularly
in the rural areas, remained unsolved; Quirino’s
administration was tainted by widespread graft and
corruption.
• The 1949 elections, which he had won, were among
the most dishonest in the country’s history.
Magsaysay, who had been largely successful in
eliminating the threat of the Huk insurgents, broke
with Quirino on the issue of corruption, campaigning
for clean elections and defeating Quirino as the
Nacionalista candidate in the presidential election of
1953. Subsequently, Quirino retired to private life.
• as a Filipino statesman who served as the
seventh President of the Philippines, from
December 30, 1953 until his death in an aircraft
disaster.
• Born: 31 August 1907, Iba
• Died: 17 March 1957, Balamban
• Presidential term: 30 December 1953 – 17
March 1957
• Years of service: 1942–1945
• Education: José Rizal University (1928–1932),
University of the Philippines, University of the
East College of Law
• Best known for successfully defeating the
communist-led Hukbalahap (Huk) movement.
• President Elpidio Quirino appointed Magsaysay
secretary of defense to deal with the threat of
the Huks, whose leader, Luis Taruc, in February
1950 established a People’s Liberation Army
and called for the overthrow of the
government. Magsaysay then carried out until
1953 one of the most successful antiguerrilla
campaigns in modern history.
• Although Magsaysay was a Liberal, the
Nacionalista Party successfully backed him for
the presidency against Quirino in the 1953
elections, winning the support of Carlos P.
Romulo, who had organized a third party.
Magsaysay promised reform in every segment
of Philippine life, but he was frustrated in his
efforts by a conservative congress that
represented the interests of the wealthy.
• Despite initial support of Congress in July 1955,
Magsaysay was unable to pass effective land-
reform legislation; government indifference to
the plight of the peasants then undid most of
his good work in gaining the support of the
people against the Huks. Nevertheless, he
 remained extremely popular and had a well-
deserved reputation for incorruptibility.
• In foreign policy, Magsaysay remained a close
friend and supporter of the United States and a
vocal spokesman against communism during
the Cold War. He made the Philippines a
member of the Southeast Asia Treaty
Organization, which was established in Manila
on Sept. 8, 1954. Before the expiration of his
term as president, Magsaysay was killed in an
airplane crash; he was succeeded by the vice
president, Carlos P. Garcia.
CARLOS P. GARCIA
The 8th President of the Philippines
• Born in November 4, 1896 (Talibon, Bohol) -
June 14, 1971 ( Quezon City)
• Elected representative of the 3rd district of
Bohol and held it for 6 years; then elected
provincial governor of Bohol for 3successive
terms
• Drafted as Nacionalista senatorial candidate in
1941.
• Fourth President of the Third Republic of the
Philippines
• Maintained strong traditonal ties with United
States
• Won and he has been elected three times to
the Senate until his election as Vice-President of
the Philippines in 1953.
• leader of the resistance movement in bohol, for
which he received a citation from the late
President Manuel L. Quezon of the Philippines
• Member of the Philippine Rehabilitation and
war damage Commission to Washington in
1959.
• Delegate to the Interparliamentary Union
Conference in Dublin
• Distinguished chairman of the historic
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
• Fourth President of the Third Republic
• First term: March 18, 1957-December 30, 1957
(succeeded)
• Second term: December 30, 1957-December 30,
1961 (elected)
Contributions
• Filipino First Policy
The government sector would help local
businessmen are entering industry that was filled with
foreign competitors and give them aid and sometimes
financial assistance.
• Bohlen–Serrano Agreement
Law that shortened the original 99 year lease of
US bases here in the Philippines to 25 years, the
agreement was renewable for periods only up to 5
years.
• Austerity Program
Implemented by Garcia in order to curt the
rampant graft and corruption within the country. The
program centered on wise spending, industry, thrift,
trustworthiness, integrity and honesty.
• Republic Cultural Awards
instituted by the administration of President
Carlos P. Garcia. The problem mainly faced by President
Garcia was of economic nature: imports coming in
vastly outnumbered the exports going out. Hence, at
the time, there was a resurgence of nationalism, which
would be seen in the policies that Garcia introduced.
DIOSDADO P. MACAPAGAL Sept 28, 1910-April
21, 1997
 Born on Sept. 28, 1910 in Lubao, Pampanga
 Parents:Urbano and Ramana Pangan
 Education: Philippine Law School
 First wife: Purita dela Rosa
 Children: Cielo and Arturo
 Second wife: Evangelina Makaraig
 Children: Diosdado Jr. and Maria Gloria
 Death: April 21, 1997 in Quezon City
Public Service
 Before he became the 9th President of the
Philippines(1961-1965),He also serves the
public as a member of the House of
Representatives and headed the Constitutional
Convention of 1970 and a Vice President serving
from 1957-1961.
Did you know?
 With the validity of Republic act 4166 passed on
August 04, 1964, Pres. Macapagal ordered the
transfer of Independence day from July o4 to
July 12.As an acknowledgement to the first
republic of Pres. Emilio Aguinaldo. July 04 which
then became the Philippines and American
Friendship Day.
Programs of his Administration Include
 Helping the Filipino Farmers
 MAPHILINDO
  Pagpapalaganap ng wikang Filipino 1954 but abandoned further studies in 1955 to marry
 Pag aangkin sa isla ng Sabah Benigno Simeon Aquino, Jr., who was then a
Conclusion promising young politician

 Because of Pres. Macapagal good objectives for 2. Benigno Aquino’s wife

the Filipino farmers, he was famously known as
Corazon remained in the background during her
Ama ng Reporma sa Lupa.
husband’s subsequent career, rearing their five children
 But because of corruption and many political at home. Benigno was assassinated upon his return to
scandals by his administration he is later the Philippines in August 1983. This event galvanized
defeated by Ferdinand Marcos in the next opposition to the Marcos government.
election.
3. Lynchpin of the revolution
FERDINAND EMMANUEL
1986 Snap elections
EDRALIN MARCOS SR September 11, 1917 –
September 28, 1989 • . When Ferdinand E. Marcos unexpectedly
called for presidential elections in February
1st term (1965-1969) 1986, Corazon Aquino became the
• Infrastructure Programs unified opposition’s presidential candidate.
• urged the revitalization of the: • Though she was officially reported to have lost
1. Judiciary the election to Marcos, Aquino and her
supporters challenged the results, charging
2. National defense posture
widespread voting fraud.
3. Fight against smuggling, criminality, graft and
4. The eleventh president
corruption in the government.
2nd term (1969 – 1972)  Corazon Aquino was swept into the presidency
by the February 1986 "People's Power"
• The birth of first quater storm uprising amid high expectations that she
• Declared Martial Law (september 21 1972) would be able to right all of the wrongs in the
• Effective government Philippine body politic.
• Parliamentary government • Corazon Cojuangco Aquino was president of the
• Martial law was declared null and void Philippines from 1986 to 1992. The first female
• Set forth new election and he won again leader of a Southeast Asian country,
THIRD TERM • Often described as a shy housewife who
• The death of the opposition leader Benigno became leader of country, she liked to wear
Simeon Aquino Jr. yellow, a symbol of democracy. Her years in
• Marcos with lupus power were anything but tranquil. Among other
• Snap election things she survived family coup attempts (six to
• People Power Revolution nine depending on the source), mostly by
• Marcos escapes to hawaii rightists and Marcos sympathizers.
• The death of marcos • There was however no change in the social and
economic circumstances under Aquino's
PERSONAL BACKGROUND government.
Born on: September 11, 1917 • It is important to realize that her government
was pressured by huge popular expectations
Where in: Village of Sarrat, Ilocos Norte She saw herself as a transition president, from
going to dictatorship to democracy, as
Father: Mariano Marcos
she believed the Philippines would take at
Mother: Josefa Edralin least 10 years to recover after Marcos Regime.

Siblings: Pacifico E. Marcos, Elizabeth Marcos, Fortuna FIDEL VALDEZ RAMOS (june 30,1992-june
Marcos 30,1998)
2nd president of the Fifth republic
CORY AQUINO 12th president of the Philippines
Biography
Maria Corazon Cojuangco Aquino
• Born on March 18, 1928 in Lingayen,
1. Early Life Pangasinan.
Born January 25, 1933, Tarlac province. She graduated • His Father, Narciso Ramos, was a Lawyer,
from Mount St. Vincent College in New York City in Journalist and 5-term Legislator of the House of
 the Representatives, who eventually rose to the
position of Secretary of Foreign Affairs.
• His Mother, Angela Valdez-Ramos, was an
Educator, Woman Suffragette and daughter of
the respected Valdez clan of Batac, Ilocos Norte
making him a second degree cousin to
Ferdinand Marcos.
• He took his elementary education in Lingayen
and secondary education at the University of
the Philippines Integrated School and Centro
Escolar University Integrated School.
• Masters Degree in Civil Engineering in the
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,
where he was a government scholar in 1951.
• He also holds a master’s degree in National
Security Administration from the National
Defense College of the Philippines and a
Masters‘ degree in Business Administration
(MBA) from the Ateneo de Manila University.
• Married to Amelita Martinez, on October 21,
1954 and had five daughters.
His contributions

• His administration committed to the vision

“Fairer, faster, and more meaningful
implementation of the Agrarian Reform
Program”.
• In 1993, he quickly led the nation out of
darkness putting an end to the power crisis that
crippled Filipino homes and industries for two
years.
• He made programs to fight poverty in
accordance with the will of the Filipino people
expressed by 229 structural/reform laws
enacted by Congress during his term.
• He implemented a comprehensive Social
Reform Agenda (SRA).
• He pushed for the deregulation of key
industries and the liberalization of the
economy.
• He embarked on an ambitious development
plan dubbed “Philippines 2000”. Under the
plan, several industries critical to economic
development were privatized such as electricity,
telecommunications, banking an domestic
shipping.
• The taxation system was reformed, and external
debt was brought to more manageable levels by
debt restructuring and sensible fiscal
management.
JOSEPH EJERCITO ESTRADA
PRESIDENT, VICE PRESIDENT, MAYOR
GLORIA MACAPAGAL ARROYO Born in April 5,
FILIPINO POLITICIAN FORMER ACTOR 13TH PRESIDENT 1947
9TH VICE PRESIDENT MAYOR OF THE CITY OF MANILA 14th President of the Philippines

All About Her:

– Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo is the Philippines 2nd

Female President (2001-2010) and the daughter
 of former President Diosdado Macapagal (1961-
1965)
– Fourth President of the Fifth Republic
– She was elected on May 10, 2004 with
12,905,808 votes (39.99% of the electorate)
– Arroyo studied economics at Georgetown
University, in Washington D.C., where she
began a lasting friendship with classmate and
future U.S President Bill Clinton.
– After returning to the Philippines and
graduating magna cum laude from Assumption
College in Manila in 1968.
– Arroyo earned a master’s degree in economics
(1978) from Ateneo de Manila University and a
doctorate in economics (1986) from the
University of the Philippines in Quezon City.
Achievements
NAMED OUTSTANDING SENATOR BY:
1. Trade Union Congress of the Philippines
2. SBN 336, Magna Carta for the Urban Poor
3. Philippine Graphic Weekly Magazine
4. Public Eye Magazine
5. Emil Jurado, Manila Standard Columnist
OUTSTANDING LEGISLATOR
1. Garnered the biggest number of votes in
Philippine history (1995 elections) – an
unparalleled 16 million. Another record that
was set is the margin of votes between the first
and second placer, which is approximately 3.2
million. This record still stands in the senate.
2. Filed over 400 Senate Bills and Resolutions
3. Authored co-authored 55 bills signed into law of
socio-economic legislation. These laws
constituted the core of the economic program
of President Fidel Ramos – laws that have
brought our country to the status of Asia’s next
tiger.
4. 4. Ranked No. 1 in a public opinion survey of
performance and awareness among incumbent
Senators.
5. 5. Cited by Asia Week as one of Asia’s most
powerful women
6. 6. Selected Woman of the Year by the Catholic
Education Association of the Philippines.
Other Achievements and Contributions
– First president to had oath taking outside Luzon
– An ex-professor of Economics at the Ateneo de
Manila University where Noynoy Aquino was
one of her students.
– She regained higher economic growth than the
past 3 presidents before her
– Peso became the best performing currency of
the year in Asia in 2007
FOR A BETTER BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
– RA 7844, The Export Development Act
– RA 7661, Extending the Life of the Asset
Privatization Trust
– RA 7651, Revitalizing and Strengthening the
Bureau of Customs
– RA 7843, Strengthening the Anti-Dumping
Provisions
FOR WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
– Establishment of the Movement Against Sexual
Abuse (MASA)
– SBN 362, Mandatory employment of women
– SBN 356, Increasing penalties for wife-beating
– Women’s desk to provide assistance to battered
wives and other victims of domestic violence
FOR AGRICULTURE & THE ENVIRONMENT
– RA 7900, Promoting the production, processing,
marketing and distribution of high-value crops
– RA 7942, Instituting a new system of mineral
resources exploration, development, utilization
and conservation
– Co-host “Dighay Bayan” TV program catering to
farmers
– Pres. Macapagal Awards for best rice farm
cooperative
ISSUES/CONTROVERSIES
OF FORMER PRESIDENT GLORIA MACAPAGAL
ARROYO
THE OAKWOOD MUTINITY
A group of composing of more than 300 fully armed
soldiers took over Oakwood Premier in Ayala, Makati
City. The soldiers were led by Navy Ltsg. Antonio
Trillanes IV, Army Capt. Gerardo Gambala, Army Capt.
Milo Maestrecampo, Navy Ltsg. James Layug and
Marine Capt. Gary Alejano. The group called themselves
the new “Katipuneros” but they were dubbed by the
media as the “Magdalo” soldiers. They claim that the
taking over of the Oakwood Premier in Makati was
spontaneous, and that their goal was only to be able to
air their grievances and complaints about the corruption
in military and in the government. They also stated that
they saw signs that GMA was going to declare Martial
Law.
One of the accusations made by the soldiers was
that the Arroyo Administration was selling arms and
ammunitions to the enemy forces. These enemy forces
include the MILF and the Abu Sayyaf. Also they claim
that Arroyo issued the order to bomb Davao City so that
Arroyo would be able to ask the United States of America
for anti-terrorist support. Arroyo also planned to bomb
several areas in Metro Manila so that she could declare
Martial Law.
Some of the grievances include general cases like the
corruption of the government and its officials, low
salaries of soldiers and the differences of salaries
between the AFP soldiers and the Air Force Pilots,
insufficient supply of medicines in the army and the
powerful “controller” family who is enjoying promotions
and positions and are manipulating funds and that the
government funds for the soldiers never or seldom reach
them.
The bloodless mutinity ended after 18 hours. The soldiers
surrendered as they failed to rally support from the
public. All the 300 soldiers were arrested and charged in
the general court martial.
HELLO GARCI CONTROVERSY
The Hello “Garci” Controversy is about wiretapped
recordings of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo’s conversations
with COMELEC Commissioner Virgilio Garcilliano. The
conversations was about rigging or cheating the 2004
national elections. Former NBI Deputy Director Samuel
Ong released the wiretapped tapes: he also claimed that
he had the “mother of all tapes” which was released to
few days later. The National Telecommunications
Commission initially banned the playing of the tapes in
the media, and threatened that any media group who
plays the tapes will be forced to close. The tape was then
allowed by the Supreme Court to be aired by the media
with a vote of 9-6, this was against the NTC’s decision.
In the tape a woman who sounds like Gloria
Macapagal Arroyo was talking to Virgilio “Garci”
Garcilliano about by how many votes she would win in
her run for the presidency. In the conversation she asked
if she would win by a million votes and Garci replied that
she will; coincidentally or suspiciously she did win by
over a million voters in the 2004 presidential elections.
GMA admitted that she was the woman in the
wiretapped conversations but said that she only talked to
Garci after the counting has been done. She also aired on
national television her apology to the public for her
“lapse in judgement”.
Virgilio Garcilliano’s whereabouts were unknown
right after the Hello Garci tapes came out. There were
even some rumors that he was able to escape the
country. 5 months later he resurfaced and admitted that
he was the one talking to GMA in the tapes but the
conversation took place after the counting of votes had
been done. He also denied that GMA instructed him to
cheat in the 2004 national elections.
The issue created a lot of tension and anger in the
public . Thousands went to the street to call GMA to step
down. There was even on attempt to create another
People Power, this failed however due to the lack
protestors that attended the peaceful gatherings. GMA
survived the storm; this issue was the biggest issue that
threatened her presidency. Until now the issue has not
yet been solved, and no one has been punished.
BENIGNO AQUINO III
 Benigno Simeon Cojuangco Aquino III, also
called Noynoy
 Born on February 8, 1960, Manila, Philippines
 Filipino politician who served as president of
the Philippines (2010–2016) and was the scion
of a famed political family
 He was the son of Corazon Aquino, who served
as president of the Philippines (1986–92), and
political leader Benigno Simeon Aquino, Jr.—
themselves the children of politically connected
families.
 In 1998, he made the move to politics as a
member of the Liberal Party, serving the
constitutional maximum of three consecutive
terms as a representative of the 2nd district of
Tarlac province.
 During this time he also served as deputy
speaker of the House of Representatives (2004–
06), but he resigned from the post in advance of
joining other Liberal Party leaders in making a
call for the resignation of Pres. Gloria
Macapagal Arroyo (2001–10), who was accused
of corrupt dealings including the rigging of the
2004 presidential election.
 From 2006 Aquino served as vice-chairman of
the Liberal Party, and in 2007, at the end of his
final term in the House of Representatives, he
made a successful bid for a Senate seat.
Contributions of President Benigno Aquino III in the
Philippines are:
Aquino and His Social Contract: The K-12 Program
- Approved the Republic Act 10533 signing into
the law the k-12 Program on May 15, 2013.
Aquino and the Economy
- 6% Average GDP Growth.
Aquino and the Sea
- Filed an arbitration Case against China on January
22, 2013.
Aquino Going Green
- Battle against deforestation
RODRIGO ROA DUTERTE
“the punisher”
16TH PRESIDENT OF THE PHILIPPINES
• Duterte is the first president
from Mindanao and the oldest person (77 years
old) to be elected president of the Philippines.
• He is also the first Philippine president to have
worked in the three branches of the
government.
• He is also the first graduate of Lyceum of the
Philippines University and San Beda College of
Law to become president
MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS OR ACHIEVMENTS
Bloody war on drugs
• The Duterte government has lived up to the
President’s promise of a “relentless” anti-drugs
campaign. While the campaign has been
modified and reorganized thrice, Duterte’s
 marching orders have been to arrest drug members to streamline processes in their
suspects and kill them if they “fight back.” Here departments.
are the numbers as of June 30 (as reported by
OTHER HIGHLIGHTS
the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency):
• Distribution of 358 hectares in Hacienda Luisita
• 1,007,153 drug users and pushers surrendered
and a nationwide freeze in land conversion as
to government.
ordered by the Presidential Agrarian Reform
• 42,978 pushers and users arrested Commission.
• 5,868,832 houses of suspected drug • Mining audit and the suspension of companies
personalities visted by police to invite them to engaged in destructive mining operations.
surrender to government for rehabilitation
• An end to the “tanim-bala” scam and the
under Project Tokhang.
scrapping of the Overseas Employment
TAX REFORM LAW Certificate for returning OFW’s.
• The first tax reform law (Tax Reform for • DSWD Memorandum Circular 9 which upholds
Acceleration and Inclusion or TRAIN law) was the Supreme Court ruling against pork barrel
signed in December 2017, Duterte’s 2nd year in funds by members of Congress, and gives the
office. DSWD the final say in determining what kind of
assistance will be given to requests endorsed by
• It’s primarily a revenue-generating measure to
lawmakers.
fund the administration’s infrastructure
program, health, education, and social services • Creating favorable conditions for the return of
programs. the displaced Lumad to their communities.
Official acknowledgement that paramilitary
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES
groups sowing terror in the countryside are
• Some of Duterte’s most decisive policies were government-backed.
on the environment. In fell verbal swoops,
he closed world-famous Boracay for
• Exposing the gravity and extent of problem of
rehabilitation, jump-started efforts to clean
illegal drugs and its connection to corruption in
Manila Bay and Laguna Lake, and got Canada
the police, local government units and agencies
to take back its illegal garbage stranded in the
of the executive.
Philippines for 6 years.
• Freedom of Information Executive Order during
• He’s threatened mining companies and local
its first month in office, covering all agencies
government officials who don’t follow
under the executive branch.
environmental regulations.
BANGSAMORO AUTONOMOUS REGION AND
GOVERNMENT

• The signing then ratification of the Bangsamoro

Organic Law is a major achievement for both
the Mindanaoan President and Congress.
• It built on the Comprehensive Agreement on
the Bangsamoro, signed during the Aquino
administration. Duterte has appointed officials
to lead the new Bangsamoro government and
continues to be involved in shepherding the
region.
CUTTING RED TAPE

• Duterte’s simple promise to reduce processing

of government permits to 3 days has branched
into various presidential actions meant to cut
red tape.
• He signed the Ease of Doing Business Act,
issued an executive order for faster anti-poverty
services, put up the 8888 hotline for citizen
complaints, and constantly reminds Cabinet