School counselors should possess the
Roles, Functions and
Competencies of a Counselor
Guidance Counselor
Jhasmin De Castro
 Guidance counselors help students develop the
academic and social skills necessary to lead
successful lives. They observe students in the
classroom and at play to assess their knowledge and
abilities, help them develop academic and career
goals, and provide interventions that address
shortcomings.
ROLES AND FUNCTIONS
 Carry out individual and group counseling
 Plan motivational program for students and staff
 Help the student to understand inner self and his
social relationship
 Help the students to maximize his potential and
capability
 Aid individuals in efficient decision making
 Bring about changes in the attitude and behavior of
individuals
ASCA SCHOOL COUNSELOR COMPETENCIES
1. School Counseling Programs
- School counselor should possess the knowledge,
abilities, skills, and attitudes necessary to plan,
organize, implement and evaluate a PROS
comprehensive, developmental, results-based
school counseling program that aligns with the
ASCA National Model.
2. Foundations
- School counselors should possess the
knowledge, abilities, skills and attitudes
necessary to establish the foundations of a
school counseling program aligning with the
ASCA National Model.
3. Management
- School counselors should possess the
knowledge, abilities, skills and attitudes
necessary to manage a school counseling
program aligning with the ASCA National Model.
4. Delivery
- School counselors should possess the
knowledge, abilities, skills and attitudes
necessary to deliver a school counseling
program aligning with the ASCA National Model.
5. Accountability
-
knowledge, abilities, skills and attitudes
necessary to monitor and evaluate the processes
and results of a school counseling program
aligning with the ASCA National Model.
Career Opportunities &
Areas of Specialization of
Counselors
Kryzel Anne D. Cortez and Yhama Mhae V. Fadul
COUNSELING
 A process of guiding a person during a stage of
life when reassessments or decisions have to be
made about himself and his life course.
 A purposeful conversation; willingness of a
person to assist someone to reflect on and
resolve a problem in a living.
COUNSELOR
 They are trained to assist people who are
struggling with a variety of problems in their
lives, from marital or family difficulties to career
or financial issues. These professionals help
people manage stress, adopt new habits, skills
and perspectives that will help them make good
decisions, and overcome specific problems.
Why Specialize?
 Intimacy and familiarity with the topic and issue
at hand
 Provide proper guidance and education to other
counselors
CONS
 Less marketable
 At risk on becoming unfulfilled professionally
COUNSELING SPECIALTIES
Marriage and Family Counselor
 Helping people work on their relationships.
Marriage and family therapists offer guidance to
couples and families who are dealing with issues
that affect their mental health and the well-
being of the whole family.
Career Counselor
 Help people to gain awareness of personal skills
and values, generate career and educational
 options, clarify, set, and meet reasonable goals,  is a developing area of expertise in counseling
and cope with career challenges and transitions. profession. The counseling strategies focus on
helping children and adolescents acquire coping
Rehabilitation Counselor skills through promotion of resiliency positive
 People with disabilities face challenges that attachment relationship, emotional and
require creative solutions. Whether a person has intellectual intelligence, and other qualities that
a physical, mental or emotional disability, promote optional development.
rehabilitative counseling helps them achieve
personal and professional goals, and lead their Group Counselor
lives more freely.  It is the dynamic field in the counseling
Mental Health Counselor profession. Group counseling as a practice can
 They are often one of the first helping be located in most counseling programs and
professionals available to people in need of became the essential part of counselor’s system.
emotional and psychological support. They help
their clients learn how to make healthy decisions
about themselves, their relationships and their
futures. Offer guidance to individuals, couples,
families and groups that are dealing with issues Responsibilities and
that affect their mental health and well-being.
Accountability in Guidance
Substance Abuse Counselor
 Support people with drug and alcohol
Counseling
Jillian Belaro
addictions, eating disorders and other behavioral
issues. They are compassionate and patient
RESPONSIBILITIES
problem-solvers, and there are many job
 As their profession is largely people-focused,
opportunities and great projected job growth for
guidance counselors must have a high level of
this field.
compassion and empathy when dealing with
students, especially those undergoing touch or
School Counselor
stressful situations.
 They are advocates for students’ well-being, and
 They must also possess excellent interpersonal
are a valuable resource for their educational and
skills, as their role will typically encounter
personal development. They help students work
various people of all backgrounds and
through issues such as bullying, disabilities, low
personalities.
self-esteem, poor academic performance, social
 As much of their work involves helping others,
anxiety, problems with authority or problems at
they must also have sharp communication and
home.
listening skills in order to identify the needs of
Military Counselor
the individual.
 They help people uncover their strengths and
 Guidance counselors are also required to be
resources to solve immediate issues. A military
highly analytical, as they may regularly perform
counselor will help the service member find ways
assessments to determine the skills and
to adapt to this extremely difficult job.
academic levels of students. They must then be
able to interpret this information in order to
Gerontologist
match student abilities and interests to potential
 might find themselves counseling older adults,
careers.
challenging common misconceptions about the
aging, researching the effects of aging or
ACCOUNTABILITY
diseases that affect older adults, teaching in a
 “Accountability requires systematically collecting,
university setting, or advocating for better
analyzing, and using critical data elements to
services and care for the aging.
understand the current achievement story for
students, and to begin to strategize, impact, and
Child and Adolescent Counselor
 document how the school counseling program
contributes toward supporting student success”
(Stone & Dahir, 2003, p. 214).
 Accountability within an educational system
typically refers to whether or not a person or
program is making a positive impact in areas
such as test scores, attendance, retention,
dropout rates, grades, and success in more
difficult academic curriculums.
 School counselors need to show that their
programs are making a difference in their
students’ lives (Gysbers, 2004). This means
evaluating the program as a whole and
evaluating the different programs within the
curriculum. According to Astramovich and Coker
(2007), program evaluation happens before
accountability because program evaluation helps
counselors plan, implement, and refine their
counseling practices. Accountability is a way to
provide information to the different stakeholders
within the school and community to
demonstrate the effectiveness of the different
counseling services.
MARRIAGE AND FAMILY COUNSELLOR
Some types of issues that marriage and family therapists
treat include:
• Child and adolescent behavioral problems
• Grieving
• Depression and anxiety
• LGBTQ issues
• Domestic violence
• Infertility
• Marital conflicts
• Substance abuse
• Observe how people interact within units
• Evaluate and resolve relationship problems
• Diagnose and treat psychological disorders
within a family context
• Guide clients through transitional crises such as
divorce or death
• Highlight problematic relational or behavioral
patterns
• Help replace dysfunctional behaviors with
healthy alternatives
• Take a holistic (mind-body) approach to wellness
Get a Bachelor’s Degree
Earning an undergraduate degree in psychology is the
first step toward becoming a therapist or counsellor.
Pass the Marriage and Family Therapy Exam
Many states also require you to take and pass the exam
given by the Association of Marital and Family
Therapy Regulatory Boards (AMFTRB).
REHABILITATION COUNSELLOR
• Provide individual and group counselling to
help clients adjust to their disability
• Evaluate clients’ abilities, interests, experience,
skills, health, and education
• Develop a treatment plan in consultation with
other professionals, such as doctors, therapists,
and psychologists
• Create rehabilitation or treatment plans
based on clients’ values, strengths, limitations,
and goals
• Arrange for clients to obtain services, such as
medical care or career training
• Help employers understand the needs and
abilities of people with disabilities, as well as
laws and resources that impact people with
disabilities
• Assist clients in creating strategies to develop
their strengths and adjust to their limitations
• Locate resources, such as wheelchairs or
computer programs, that help clients live and
work more independently
• Monitor clients’ progress and adjust the
rehabilitation or treatment plan as necessary
• Advocate for the rights of people with
disabilities to live in the community and work in
the job of their choice
MILITARY COUNSELLOR
• Frequently meet with soldiers attempting to
overcome substance abuse and other
destructive behaviors, cope with grief and
anxiety, and resolve marital problems.
• Recommend stress management techniques
and other strategies, so soldiers not only cope
with problems, but eliminate them as well.
• The military offers numerous opportunities for
qualified counsellors. Military counsellors are
usually assigned duties matching their
qualifications. Certain branches of the military
sponsor training programs for aspiring
counsellors. Counsellors are hired by the
military to assist service members and their
families.
• Spend a lot of time assisting soldiers' family
members struggling to cope with multiple
 deployments and other military-related issues.
Angry children separated from their parents for
long periods of time sometimes become
Clientele and Audiences in
bullies, abuse drugs, or struggle with other Counseling
behavioral problems.
John Rojell Y. Elizaga
• Counsellors also work frequently with
soldiers returning from combat and
CHARACTERISTICS OF CLIENTELE AND AUDIENCES
transitioning back to the civilian world. Most
Neurotic - is a long-term tendency to be in a
soldiers struggle to make this transition since
negative emotional state. People with neuroticism
they spend a considerate amount of time
tend to have more depressed moods they suffer
reflecting on their experiences or coping with
from feelings of guilt, envy, anger, and anxiety more
depression.
frequently and more severely than other individuals.
Neuroticism is the state of being neurotic.
GERONTOLOGISTS
• Examining the condition of patients and
Psychotic - are severe mental disorders that cause
analyzing their needs.
abnormal thinking and perceptions. People with
• Planning treatment and providing it to the
psychoses lose touch with reality. Two of the main
respective patient.
symptoms are delusions and hallucinations
• Keeping an eye on their medical condition.
• Reviewing progress and upgrading the
Personality Disorder - it involves long-term
prescribed treatment as per the requirement.
patterns of thoughts and behaviors that are
• Educating the patients’ family and employer
unhealthy and inflexible. The behaviors cause serious
about their needs and how to provide
problems with relationships and work. People with
adequate medical care to them.
personality disorders have trouble dealing with
everyday stresses
SERVING AS A COMMUNITY RESOURCE
Older adults often do not understand the
NEEDS OF CLIENTELE AND AUDIENCES
services that are provided by governmental or
• Be genuinely engaged in therapeutic claims
private agencies, and a counsellor can let them
• Have unconditional positive regard for the client
know about healthcare or social services that can
• Feel empathy for the client
help them enjoy an active and independent
• Clearly communicate these attitudes
lifestyle.
TYPES OF CLIENTELE AND AUDIENCES
PROVIDING INDEPENDENT CONSULTATION
• People who abuse drugs
SERVICES
• People who abuse alcohol
The loss of personal relationships through the
• People who abuse tobacco
aging process can cause depression and other
• People with AIDS
mental health conditions that respond to
• Women
counselling. Aging adults face an onslaught of
• Older Adults
changes that are beyond their control, and
• LGBTQIA+
gerontological counsellors can help them accept
• Victims of Abuse
change as a part of life.
The Social Work Policy Institute at addresses Settings, Processes,
issues related to providing services in
community organizations as well as in senior Methods, and Tools in
living centers. Concerns about personal
health, financial resources and isolation are
Guidance Counseling
Lanz Paolo DR. Agcolicol, Fidel Louis B. Cenidoza,
constant among some of the aging
Razelle Camille Samiling
population as they represent serious
problems.
 Counseling settings vary widely but the processes,
methods, and tools used by counselors are very
similar. Counseling professionals in government
setting work with various government agencies that
have counseling services such as:
• Social welfare
• Correctional department
• The court system
• Child and women affairs services
• Schools
• Military
• Police
• Mental and foster homes, and
• Rehabilitation centers
PRIVATE SECTOR SETTINGS
In the private sector, counselors range from
independent providers of services or work for NGOs, or
specialized for profit centers and organization that
render a variety of counselling services.
CIVIL SOCIETY SETTING
The context of civil society is generally charities
or non-profit and issue-based centers or organizations
such as:
 For abused women
 Abandoned children and elderly
 Veterans
 Teachers
 Professionals or,
 Religious groups
SCHOOL SETTINGS
In the school setting, the role of the school
counsellor is more complex since the needs of students
can vary widely. This gives rise to the more dynamic and
complex role of school counsellor; it depended on a
school’s local circumstances as well as the dynamism
within the profession itself.
As such, school counselors assume many different
responsibilities and task based on the particular needs
students in the school context. “Guidance process occurs
in an individual in a developmental sequence to the age
of maturity” (Coy, 1999)
It is very important that school counselors “define
their role better by recognizing that they cannot do their
work alone and they need to collaborate with other
stakeholders.”
MULTIPLE ROLES OF SCHOOL COUNSELORS
Apart from their counselling roles, school counselors are
also assigned non-counselling roles. There can range
from:
01. Part-time teaching
02. Secretarial responsibilities
03. Substituting teachers (when not available)
04. Lunch duty
05. Other responsibilities
06. Assigned by the administrators and staff looking
for extra assistance
 Non-counselling tasks can take a considerably
amount of time and pull counselors away from
more appropriate counselling activities. Presence of
these non-counselling roles often brings confusion
and lack of effectiveness to the guidance programs
of the school.
 In the Philippines, the roles of the school counselors
have been prescribed and professionalized the
practice (R.A. 9258)
Roles of Elementary Counselor (K-6)
 Development and implementation or
facilitation of classroom guidance activities
 Individual and group counselling
 Parent education
 Parent-teacher consultation
 Referrals to professionals and public
agencies
 Crisis intervention and management
Roles of Junior High School Counselor
 Provide guidance and counselling in dealing
with peer relationships and social interactions,
and as such, includes work with student,
teachers, and parents in the attempt to help
each understand the other.
Roles of Senior High School Counselor
 Provide guidance and counselling pertaining to
educational and career decisions as well as
college placement counselling.
Roles of College Counselor
 Provide counselling, appraisal and assessment,
information, placement, research and evaluation,
follow up and students’ activities. (CMO 21 s.
2006)
PROCESSES
01. Relationship Building
 02. Problem Assessment 6. Facilitate the responsiveness of the institutional
03. Goal Setting systems to meet health and human service
04. Intervention needs.
05. Evaluation 7. Promote social justice and equality of all
06. Follow-up, Termination, or Referral people with regard to full participation in
society.
8. Contribute to the development of knowledge
The Discipline of Social Work for social work profession through research
Rogelio P. Liwanag & Jonaleen Mae P. Tangonan and evaluation.
9. Encourage exchange of information in those
Social Work - is a profession that fulfills the social institutional systems in which both problems
welfare mandate to promote well-being and quality of and resources opportunities and produced.
life. 10. Enhance communication through an
appreciation of diversity and through ethnically
Context of Social Work - is a place that requires sensitive, non-sexist social work practice.
professionals to direct their service on the needs and 11. Employ educational strategies for the prevention
empowerment of people who experience some form of and resolution of problems.
vulnerability, oppression, and living in poverty. 12. Embrace a world view of human issues and
solutions to problems.
Settlement Movement - the next movement that
emerged as if to complement the first wave of social
work which began in 1887 (Segal, Gerdes, and Steiner
2005). Principles of Social Work
The social work profession promotes social change,
problem solving in human relationships and
empowerment and liberation of people to enhance
well-being. Principles Relative to
Principles Relative to
Respect for Human
Social Justice
AIM OF SOCIAL WORK Rights
1. Help individuals to fit better into their
environment.
2. Change the environment so that it works better Principles Relative to Principles Relative to
for them. Respect for Human Social Justice
Rights
GOALS AND SCOPE OF SOCIAL WORK 1. Upholding and
1. Empowering people, individually and promoting human 1. Challenging
collectively, to utilize their own problem- dignity and well Discrimination
solving and coping capabilities more being 2. Recognizing
effectively. 2. Respecting the right diversity
2. Support a proactive position with regard to to self- 3. Distributing
social and economic policy development to determination resources
prevent problems for individuals and society 3. Promoting the right 4. Challenging unjust
occurring. to participation policies and
3. Uphold the integrity of the profession in all 4. Creating each practices
aspects of social work practice. person as a whole 5. Working in Solidarity
4. Establish linkages between people and societal 5. Identifying and
resources to further social functioning and developing
enhance the quality of life. strengths
5. Develop cooperative networks within the
institutional resources system.
CORE VALUES OF A SOCIAL WORKER
1. Compassion, can be considered as an important
value for all humankind but in social work, it
occupies a special impetus to the functioning of the
profession.
2. Service, as a value, directs social workers to go
beyond purely performing a service for a pay and
allow them to be generous with their time.
3. Social Justice, as a value for social workers, is a
basis of their understanding of the need to ensure
that everyone get serviced and that everyone get a
share of what the community possesses in material
and non-material assets.
4. Dignity and worth of the person, is a value that
provides the determination and drive for social
workers to seek the marginalized in all forms
without much regard as to whether such problem is
self-inflicted or socially imposed.
5. Importance of Human Relationships, as a value,
makes it possible for social workers to do their job
as most human situations they seek to address
require collaborating with so many other
professionals and individuals with a stake in the
issue.
6. Integrity, is necessary in all human endeavors. In
social work, nothing can be accomplished without
integrity.
7. Competence, is a very important value for social
work because it separates social caregiving from
social work professional practice.
Professionals and Practitioners
in Social Work
Angeline V. Hipolito and Marie Frances M. Taguiam
WHAT IS SOCIAL WORK?
 According to International Federation of Social
Workers, social work is a practice-based
profession, that means as you are experiencing to
be a social worker and practicing professional
standards, as time passes by, you are learning to be
an excellent practitioner in this profession. It also is
an academic discipline that promotes social
change, an alteration in the social order of one
society, and promotes social cohesion wherein it
enables individuals to be closely united with each
other. Social work practitioners also help on the
empowerment and liberation or freeing of people.
This profession has principles that will serve as a
guide and center of the work like the principle of
collective responsibility, human rights, social justice,
and respect for the differences of an individual.
 Social work profession is a broad academic zone
as it also covers some of the fields in social sciences
such as anthropology, criminology, economics,
psychology, political sciences, and sociology.
 Social work provides a significant service to our
society. Most of the time, individuals and families
are the main focus of social work, and they are
referred to be their clients. As a social worker, our
purpose is to assist the clients to be more
productive in their life and community. To be
able to do this we must provide a support for family
members, relatives, local religious leaders and
elders and other most leverage members of society.
 Social work is a multi-discipline profession and
utilizing a group approach. They are willing to
give a support to the individuals who require help,
particularly the old, youthful, poor, mishandled,
abused, debilitated, jobless, the wiped out ones and
the destitute. Its approach is to utilize the available
resources to solve issues in order to empower the
clients to abidingly help themselves.
ROLES OF A SOCIAL WORKER
 Advocate – In the advocate role, the social
worker fights for the rights of those
disempowered by society with the goal of
empowering the client.
 Counselor – In the role of the counselor, the
social worker helps clients express their needs,
clarify their problems, explore resolution
strategies, and applies intervention strategies to
develop and expand the capacities of clients to
deal with their problems more effectively.
 Mediator – In the mediator role, the social
worker intervenes in disputes between parties to
help them find compromises, reconcile
differences, and reach mutually satisfying
agreements.
 Researcher – In the researcher role, a social
worker evaluates practice interventions and with
others evaluates program outcomes. The
researcher critically analyzes the literature on
 relevant topics of interest and uses this
information to inform practice.
 Educator – In the educator role, social workers
are involved in teaching people about resources
and how to develop particular skills such as
budgeting, the caring discipline of children,
effective communication, the meaning of a
medical diagnosis, and the prevention of
violence.
 Case Manager – In the role of the case
manager, the social worker locates services and
assists their clients to access those services.
 Community Change Agent – As a community
change agent, the social worker participates as
part of a group or organization seeking to
improve or restructure some aspect of
community service provision.
 Facilitator – In this role, social workers are
involved in gathering groups of people together
for a variety of purposes including community
development, self-advocacy, political
organization, and political change.
 Broker – In the role of a broker, a social worker
is responsible for identifying, locating, and
linking clients to needed resources in a timely
manner. The social worker is also concerned with
the quality, quantity, and accessibility of services.
 Manager – As managers, social workers are
better able to influence policy change and/or
development, and to advocate, on a larger scale,
for all unprivileged people.
FUNCTIONS OF A SOCIAL WORKER
 Help people enlarge their competence and
increase their client to view their problem
solving and coping abilities. – A practitioner
must assist their clients to view the struggles in
another perspective or in a positive way,
considering various alternative methods on
solving it and making plan B’s, and show the
value of awareness of strengths and many more.
 Help people obtain needed resources. –
Practitioners have a responsibility for linking
their clients to many different resources and
services.
 Make organization responsive to people. –
The practitioners must examine the policies and
series of actions of the organizations to know if
their clients have their access to their needed
resources.
 Facilitate interactions between individuals
and others in their environment. – Social
workers must enhance the relationship and
interactions of every member of the family, help
troubled students, and provide for consumer
input into agency policy-making boards.
 Influence interactions between organization
and institutions. – Social work practitioners are
able to participate in medical, educational,
mental health, and rehabilitative services
provided a given family with multiple resource
systems.
 Influence social and environmental policy. –
They also have the responsibility to work
towards improving the quality of an individual’s
life by promoting some social policies that can
enhance the client physical and social
environment.
COMPETENCIES OF A SOCIAL WORKER
1. The Social Worker’s Conduct and Comportment as a
Social Worker
 Propriety – being a social worker, the
practitioner must act properly and maintain
high standards of personal behavior in the
capacity or identity as a social worker.
 Competence and Professional Development
– social worker must do his/her best to become
proficient in professional guidelines and
maintain the performance of professional
functions.
 Service – The social worker should give
attention as primary the service duties or
responsibilities of the social work profession.
 Integrity – The social worker must act
appropriately with the greatest or high-class
standards of professional integrity.
 Scholarship and Research – The social worker
who is involved in study and research should
be guided by the conventions of scholarship
inquiry.
2. The Social Worker’s Ethical Responsibility to Clients
 Primacy of Clients Interests – The social
worker’s primary obligation is to clients. He or
she must prioritize his or her clients.
 Rights and Prerogatives of Clients – The
social worker should do his or her best and
 make every effort to enrich self-determination  The Social Worker’s Ethical Responsibility to
on the part of the clients. Society
 Confidentiality and Privacy – The social  Promoting the General Welfare – The social
worker should value the privacy of clients and worker should advocate the general welfare of
hold in confidence all information taken in the the society.
course of professional service.
 Fees – When setting fees, the social worker AREAS OF SPECIALIZATION
must be fair or rational enough, reasonable,  Addictions Prevention/Treatment
considerate, prudent, and proportionate with  Adoption & Foster Care
the service performed and consider the client’s  Advocacy Consulting and Planning
ability to pay for the service.  Alternative School Programs
 Child Abuse & Neglect
3. The Social Worker’s Ethical Responsibility to  Child Welfare Services
Colleagues  Chronic Pain
 Respect, Fairness, and Courtesy – The Social  Criminal Justice
worker should treat colleagues better with  Crisis Intervention
respect, courtesy, fairness and good faith.  Community Mental Health
 Dealing with Colleagues’ Clients – The  Delinquent / at-risk youth
social worker has the obligation to treat  Depression
colleagues’ clients properly and to relate to  Development Disabilities Social Work
them with full professional consideration and  Disaster Belief
in accordance with the ethical responsibility  Domestic Violence
to clients.  Eating Disorders
 The Social Worker’s Ethical Responsibility  Employee Assistance Programs
to the employer and Employing  Genetics / Transplant Gerontology Services
Organizations – A social worker must act  HIV/AIDS
appropriately with respect to his or her  Homeless Family Assistance
employer and employing organization  Hospice and Palliative Care
 Commitments to Employing  Housing Assistance
Organizations – The social worker must be  In-Home Services
committed and adhere to promissory made  International Social Work
to the employing organizations.  Law/ Courts/ Enforcement
 Mental Health Therapy
4. The Social Worker’s Ethical Responsibility to the Social  Military Social Work Outpatient Treatment
Work Profession (Services can be provided in private, faith-based,
 Maintaining the integrity of the profession – governmental, nonprofit, or NGO settings)
As a social worker, he or she must not only  Parent Education Community
keep his or her own integrity but as well as the  Planning & Advocacy
integrity of social work profession. A social  Political Development
worker should uphold and enrich the values,  Private Clinical Practice
ethics, knowledge, and mission of the  Prisons
profession.  Public Health
 Community service – The social worker should  Rural Social Work
make sure and help in the availability of social  School Violence
services in the general public  Veterans Services
 Development of Knowledge – The social
worker has the obligation for identifying, TYPES OF SOCIAL WORKERS
developing, and fully utilizing knowledge for  Corporate Social Worker - Works with
the professional practice. employees whose personal issues, substance use
or problems with coworkers may be causing
trouble on the job.

 School Social Worker - School social workers
specialize in helping students with school-
related issues and personal problems that affect
their lives at school and at home. Working at
one or more schools, these social workers
mediate between community resources and
students who need special services.
 Gerontology Social Worker - Gerontology
social workers provide services for elderly people
and advise these individuals about housing,
transportation, meal delivery and long-term
care. The social workers also coordinate client
services and may facilitate support groups for
family caregivers.
 Clinical Social Worker - Clinical social workers
offer counseling or psychotherapy services in
clinics, public agencies, medical facilities and
private practices. Some social workers are
licensed to provide therapy for children and
families coping with life changes, such as
divorce, death or other serious family problems.
 Child and Family Social Workers - These are
social workers provide information about
resources for children and families, coordinate
services and facilitate contact with local and
state agencies and community organizations.
They also perform supportive casework with
parents and offer advice about positive
parenting skills. It’s also the responsibility of
child and family social workers to protect
vulnerable or at-risk children and aid families
who need help finding or applying for services,
such as childcare, food stamps and other
benefits. They step in when children are in
danger of neglect or abuse, arrange for foster
care homes for children, work to reunite families
and help evaluate and place adoptions.
soldiers’ relatives in coping with their post-
traumatic stresses.
 Community Social Workers – Community
social workers make improvement in fettle and
should give resources for particular institution or
society. A community social worker will often
give an attention to the organization of the
community, for its innovation, improvement,
planning, administration and social action in
order to develop a better condition within their
communities.
 Social Work Administrators, Researchers,
Planners and Policymakers – Social work
administrators, researchers, planners, and
policymakers belong to another group of social
workers. They hold administrative roles and
indirectly work with the individuals or groups
they are aiming to help.
 Medical and Public Health Social Workers –
Medical social workers help people who have
serious or chronic health problems. They advise
individuals and families about methods to deal
with being ill. They also find services, such as
nursing care, nutrition classes and therapies that
are available to help sick individuals and their
families.

 Mental Health and Substance Abuse Social

Workers – This kind of social workers are
helping to provide treatment with persons who
have issues on the substance abused.

 Military Social Workers – They are the Social

workers that deal with the families that have a
military life. They are helping the soldiers and