Safety Training Program

Hazard Recognition
(HR)
 OBJECTIVES

 Provide PR employees and contractors the required

knowledge about:
 Hazards Types

 Hazard Preventions

 Enhance safety awareness among employees

and contract workmen.
 WHAT IS A HAZARD?

It is an unsafe condition or practice that could

cause an injury or illness to an employee and it is
preventable.
 MAIN SOURCES OF HAZARDS

• Materials - liquids, solids, gasses, etc.

• Equipment - includes machinery, tools, devices

• Environment - noise, temperature, atmospheres,

workstation design

• Employees – any one in the workplace

 CLASSIFICATION OF HAZARDS
• A condition or practice likely to cause permanent
disability, loss of life or body part and/or extensive loss
of structure, equipment and material

• A condition or practice likely to cause serious injury or

illness, resulting in temporary disability or property
damage that is disruptive but not extensive

• A condition or practice likely to cause minor non-

disabling injury or illness or non-disruptive property
damage
 IDENTIFYING HAZARDS

It takes a hazard and someone

exposed to the hazard to produce
an accident.

Hazard + Exposure a Accident

 THE FOUR PRINCIPALS OF
HAZARD RECOGNITION
A. All employees have a responsibility to understand rules
and associated hazards.

B. Management is responsible for providing training to

recognize hazards.

C. Hazard exist every where, can be identified and

prevented.

D. Hazard recognition is a key element of “Doing the Job

Safely”
 WHEN CAN HAZARDS BE
RECOGNIZED?

• Before exposure to the hazard

 Done in the planning, design and preparation phase
 Most effective area for accident prevention

• During exposure to the hazard

 Before an unwanted event occurs

• After exposure to the hazard

 Critique or review a task after completion
 Critique or review a procedure/permit
 HAZARDS SURROUNDED
• HAZCOM
• FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
• EXCAVATIONS & CONFINED SPACE
• LADDER AND STAIRWAY
• ELECTRICAL SAFETY
• MATERIALS HANDLING
• FIRE SAFETY
• SCAFFOLDS
• CRANES
• COMPRESSED GASES
• RADIATION
• COMPRESSED AIR EQUIPMENT
• PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS (PPE)
(HAZCOM)
 INTRODUCTION
The Hazard Communication:
Is an established policy that sets guidelines for
Chemical Hazards including MSDS ( Material Safety
Data Sheet), labeling, dealing in case of spillage and
emergency.
 PURPOSE OF PETRO RABIGH’S
HAZARD COMMUNICATION STANDARD
To ensure that employees know about work hazards
and how to protect themselves so that the incidence
of illnesses and injuries due to hazardous chemicals
is reduced.

Hazard Container Material Safety

Communication Labeling Data Sheet
Program

Program MSDS
Label
 CHEMICAL LABELING

Each container of hazardous

chemicals entering the workplace
must be labeled or marked with:
• Identity of the chemical
• Appropriate hazard warnings
• Name and address of the
responsible party
 LABELS COLOR CODING

• The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

utilizes a diamond divided into four color coded
sections:
• Blue - Health Hazard
• Red - Flammability
• Yellow - Reactivity Hazard
• White - Other Hazard Information
 LABELS DEGREE OF HAZARDS

Within each section, a number ranks the degree of Hazard:

• 0 - No or Minimal Hazard
• 1 - Slight Hazard
• 2 - Moderate Hazard
• 3 - Serious Hazard
• 4 - Extreme Hazard
 LABELS SPECIAL

The white section alerts the user to special

hazards that a material may possess, such as:
• Water reactivity
• Strong oxidizer
• Corrosivity
• Radioactivity
 CONTAINER LABELING IN
THE WORKPLACE
 The hazard warning can be any type
of message: picture, or symbol that
provides information on the hazards
of the chemical(s)

 Labels must be legible, in English

(plus other languages, if desired),
and prominently displayed`
 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS
(MSDS)
Prepared by the chemical manufacturer or
importer and describe:
• Physical hazards, such as fire and explosion
• Health hazards, such as signs of exposure
• Ways of exposure
• Precautions for safe handling and use
• Emergency and first-aid procedures
• Control measures
 SAFETY SHOWER & EYEWASH
FOUNTAIN
Sometimes no matter of how careful you are a chemical or
any hazardous material may contact your skin or eyes.
Emergency eyewash and safety shower must be available
in areas where chemical handled or stored.
 SAFETY SHOWER & EYEWASH
FOUNTAIN cont.
Portable Eyewash are used in areas where fixed units are
not installed.
You should take them whenever your are going to areas
were contact with chemical or hazardous material could
occur.
 HAZARDS SURROUNDED
• HAZCOM
• FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE
LIQUIDS
 CONTROL FLAMMABLE
MATERIALS RISKS

It is important to understand if the materials in your work

area are flammable and combustible so that you may
properly store and isolate them from ignition sources.

In addition to control the risk of the flammable materials

we should :

1. Control of ignition sources

2. Provide proper storage
3. Have Fire control
4. Exercise Safe handling
 SOURCES OF IGNITION

We must take adequate precautions to prevent ignition of

flammable vapors.
Some sources of ignition include:

1. Static electricity
2. Smoking
3. Cutting and welding
4. Hot surfaces
5. Electrical and mechanical sparks
6. Lightning
 STATIC ELECTRICITY
A static electricity is generated when
a fluid flows through a pipe or from
an opening into a tank.

How can we prevent it ?

Bonding or grounding of flammable
liquid containers is necessary to
prevent static electricity from
causing a spark.
 SMOKING

Smoking is prohibited in restricted areas. Where is the risk of

fire associated is highly with presence of hydrocarbons and
chemicals.
 CUTTING AND WELDING

Cutting and welding is considered as a main source of fire

hazards in construction areas.

How can we reduce its risks ?

We must comply with PR safety standers and work permit
system precautions.
 HOT SURFACES

Hot surfaces are a source of ignition that may cause a

fire and big disaster!!

How can we reduce its risks ?

 Comply with PR Safety Standers and Procedures

 Use proper insulation
 Prevent any combustible materials from contacting the
hot surface.
 ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL
SPARKS
Electrical and mechanical sparks can be
a real source of fire hazard not in industries
only, it involved in a large percentage of
fires occurs in all over the world.

How can we reduce its risks ?

Always, we need to care while any job performed at restricted

areas by applying all the precaution covered by work permit
system.
 LIGHTNING

Lightning is an electrical discharge within a

thunderstorm. As the storm develops, the
clouds become charged with electricity which causes the
lightning to occur.

How can we reduce its risks ?

• During the cloudy weather do not use mobiles

• All industrials equipments must be grounded
 HAZARDS SURROUNDED
• HAZCOM
• FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
• EXCAVATIONS & CONFINED SPACE
EXCAVATIONS & CONFINED SPACE
 WHAT IS AN EXCAVATION ?

An excavation is simply refers to digging and removing

the soil by ether using machines tools or hand tools.
 WHAT ARE THE HAZARDS
ASSOCIATED?
Cave in & collapse of sides

Type of soil structure is an important factor. What might appear to be a

safe soil structure can change dramatically with changes in the weather.

Physical Hazards

• Materials falling on to people working in the excavation

• People & vehicles falling into excavation
• Contact with underground services
• Drains/sewers

Chemical hazards

• Fumes from vehicles/plant

• Contaminated land/previous use
 EXCAVATION SAFETY

Support with timber, sheeting or proprietary support

systems
Use shoring and sloping method to prevent soil collapse
Use 1.2 m as a guide for support and assess conditions
at all times.
When excavation reaches 1.2 m or deeper gas test will
take place & it should be treated as a confined space as
risk of accumulation of hazardous gases and potential
risk will be high.
 EXCAVATION SAFETY

Ladder or other means of access shall be provided

every 7.5 m (25 ft) in all occupied excavations, extending
a minimum of 1 m(3 ft) above the top of excavation wall.

Use hand / mechanical signals

Grade soil for at least 0.6 m away from excavation

Use a warning signs and signals as barricades are not

enough for protection especially in night time
HOW TO ELIMINATE EXCAVATION RISKS ?

Look around for obvious signs of underground services

e.g. drains, patching of surface etc
Use cable locators to trace any services and utilities
When underground hazards are located they must be
clearly marked with spry paint or other visible method
Hand dig if in doubt (particularly for plastic cables which
cannot be detected)
Gas Test should be controlled by Work Permit System
CONFINED SPACE
 CONFINED SPACE ENTRY
What is a Confined Space ?

A. Is a space large enough and

so configured that an
employee can enter and
perform assigned work;

B. a space that is limited or

restricted means for entry or
exit

C. Is a space that is not

designed for continuous
employee occupancy.
 EXAMPLES OF CONFINED SPACES

Manholes
Steam pit
Electrical pit
Storm drain manhole
Sump pit
Tanks, vessels, drums and reactors
Excavation when is equal or more
than 1.2 m
 EXCAVATION HAZARDS?
Oxygen Hazards:
Too much or too little
Toxic Hazards:
hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide,
carbon monoxide, Ethylene oxide
etc..
Flammable or Explosive
Hazards:
Vapors or dusts in concentrations
large enough to ignite
Engulfment
Shifting liquid or solid
substance that traps employee
Configuration
Walls or floor which slope
downward can trap an
employee
Energy Hazards
Contact with mechanical or
electrical equipment, steam or
other sources of heat
CONFINED SPACE GAS TESTING

1. O2 levels

2. Flammable gases

3. Toxic gasses
 CONFINED SPACE GAS TESTING

Always test the air at

various levels to be
sure that the entire
space is safe from
Top level
dangerous gases.

Middle level

Bottom level
 OXYGEN DEFICIENCY
&
Enrichment

1 >23.5 O2 enriched atmosphere – Highly

Flammable
2 20.9 Normal Concentration
3 < 20.0 Deficient atmosphere or low oxygen
atmosphere
 TOXIC CONTAMINANTS

Example:

Ammonia
Chlorine
Ethylene Oxide
Ethylene Chloride
Benzene
Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S) etc.,
 FIRE HAZARDS

Fire:
The uncontrolled oxidation of a
combustible substance.

Fire Triangle:
For combustion to take place the
following components are required:
Fuel
O2
Ignition Source
 EXPLOSIVE LIMITS
The range of air/fuel mixture at which the combustible
gases will ignite / explode is defined by:

Lower Explosive Limit (L.E.L)

Upper Explosive Limit (U.E.L)

NOTE: Concentrations above the UEL should not be

considered safe because:
O2 may have been displaced
Ventilation may have been raised
 HAZARDS SURROUNDED
• HAZCOM
• FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
• EXCAVATIONS & CONFINED SPACE
• LADDER AND STAIRWAY
LADDER AND STAIRWAY
 LADDER AND STAIRWAY HAZARDS

1. Slips
Loss of balance caused by too little friction between
a person’s foot and a walking surface.

2. Falls:
Loss of balance due to instability & drop from a level
on the floor.
 FALLS & SLIPS CAUSES

Reasons for falls & slips:

 Bad Housekeeping
 Improper using of ladders
 Stairways Design
 BAD HOUSEKEEPING

Bad housekeeping considered as main

reason for all slipping and falling accidents
the following safety guidelines must be
complied:

1. Cleaning up the spills immediately.

2. Mark spills and wet areas.
3. Mop or sweep slippery materials from floor.
4. Store the tools and equipments
properly.
 FALLS & SLIP PRECAUTIONS

Stairway side and floor must be

guarded by a standard railing on
all exposed sides (except at
entrance).
 FALLS & SLIP PRECAUTIONS
(CONT.)
Opening at least 30 inch. high and 18
inch. wide, must be guarded

Open-sided floors or platforms 4 feet or

more above ground level must be
guarded by a standard railing (or
equivalent)
 FALLS & SLIP PRECAUTIONS
(CONT.)

Flights of stairs with 4 or more

risers or steps must have standard
stair railings or handrails.
 FALLS & SLIP PRECAUTIONS
(CONT.)

Cages required if longer than 20 ft

(6 m) to a maximum unbroken
length of 30 ft.
 FALLS & SLIP PRECAUTIONS
(CONT.)

For ladders:
Use at angle where the
horizontal distance from the
top support to the foot of the
ladder is ¼ the working length
of the ladder or 75 degree
tilted
 HAZARDS SURROUNDED
• HAZCOM
• FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
• EXCAVATIONS & CONFINED SPACE
• LADDER AND STAIRWAY
• ELECTRICAL SAFETY
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
 ELECTRICITY HAZARDS
Direct Hazards:

• Electrocution or death due to electrical shock

• Electrical shock
• Burns

Indirect Hazards:

• Falls
• Body defects
 ELECTRICITY HAZARDS

Electrocution:
Exposure to electricity leading to death
 ELECTRICITY HAZARDS

Electrical shock:
a reflex response to the passage of electric current
through the body
 ELECTRICITY HAZARDS

Electrical Burn:
Occurs when current jumps from an electrical outlet, cord or
appliance and passes through your body.
 ELECTRICITY HAZARDS

Falling:
Electric shock can also
cause indirect or secondary
injuries that is falling.
 HAZARD PRECAUTIONS

 Electrical PPE (Personal Protective Equipments)

 Use GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter)
 Isolate exposed electrical parts
 Use the Correct Wire
 Remove Defective Wires from service
 Avoid Overload Circuits
 Provide Grounding to all Sockets
 Guarding of Live Parts
 HAZARD PRECAUTIONS

Electrical PPE:

Whenever you work with electricity you have to follow

the PR company compliance regarding electrical PPE!!
 HAZARD PRECAUTIONS
Use GFCI:
is a safety device to protect against electrical shock by
cutting off the flow of electricity.
 HAZARD PRECAUTIONS

Isolate exposed electrical parts:

Isolation would prevent the danger of electrical
shock.
 HAZARD PRECAUTIONS

Use the Correct Wire:

Wire used depends on operation, building materials,
electrical load, and environmental factors.
 HAZARD PRECAUTIONS

Remove Defective Wires from service

 HAZARD PRECAUTIONS

Avoid Overload Circuits

 HAZARD PRECAUTIONS
Guarding of Live Parts:

Must guard live parts of live parts of electric equipment

operating at 50 volts or more against accidental contact
 HAZARDS SURROUNDED
• HAZCOM
• FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
• EXCAVATIONS & CONFINED SPACE
• LADDER AND STAIRWAY
• ELECTRICAL SAFETY
• MATERIALS HANDLING
MATERIALS HANDLING, STORAGE,
USE, AND DISPOSAL
 OVERVIEW - HANDLING AND
STORING MATERIALS

Usually material handling involves several ways such as :

• Manual material handling:

 Carrying bags or materials

 Unpacking materials

• Material handling via machine:

 Forklift
 Crane
 HAZARDS

Improper manual lifting that

are too large or heavy.

Being struck by bulk materials.

Crushed by machines, falling

materials or improperly stored
materials.
MATERIAL HANDLING - SAFE LIFTING

• Break load into parts

• Lift with legs, keep back straight,
do not twist
• Use handling aids - such as steps,,
shoulder pads, handles, and
wheels
• Avoid lifting above shoulder level
 HAZARDS SURROUNDED
• HAZARD COMMUNICATION
• FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
• EXCAVATIONS & CONFINED SPACE
• LADDER AND STAIRWAY
• ELECTRICAL SAFETY
• MATERIALS HANDLING
• FIRE SAFETY
FIRE SAFETY
 INTRODUCTION

Fires and explosions kill more than 200

and injure more than 5,000 workers
each year.

For that, we need to exercise extra

precautions when dealing with fires &
follow Petro Rabigh guidelines in regards of:

 Emergency action plan

 Exit routes
 Fire prevention plan
 Types of fire extinguisher & classification
 EXIT ROUTE
An EXIT ROUTE is a continuous
and clear path of exit travel from
any point within a workplace to
an assembly point or safe place

It consists of two parts:

 Exit access or passageway
 Exit doors or discharge
 EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN

Describes actions that must

be taken to ensure that
employee safety in
emergencies.
 FIRE PREVENTION PLAN

The plan must include:

• A list of the major fire hazards and handling, storage,

and control procedures
• Names or job titles of persons responsible for
maintenance of equipment and systems to prevent or
control ignitions or fires
• Names or job titles of persons responsible for control
of fuel source hazards or utilities
 EXTINGUISHER CLASSIFICATION

• Class A – For ordinary combustibles (wood, cloth, paper)

• Class B – For flammable liquids, gases, greases
• Class C – For electrical fires
• Class D – For combustible metals ( Magnesium, Sodium)

Combustible
Ordinary Flammable Electrical

A B
Liquids
C
Equipment
D
Combustibles
Metals
 HAZARDS SURROUNDED
• HAZCOM
• FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
• EXCAVATIONS & CONFINED SPACE
• LADDER AND STAIRWAY
• ELECTRICAL SAFETY
• MATERIALS HANDLING
• FIRE SAFETY
• SCAFFOLDS
SCAFFOLDS
 WHAT IS A SCAFFOLD?

It is an elevated, temporary work platform

It has three basic types:

 Supported scaffolds
Platforms supported by rigid, load such
as legs, frames.
 Suspended scaffolds
Platforms suspended by ropes or other
non-rigid, overhead support
 Aerial Lifts
such as boom trucks or man lift
 HAZARDS
Employees working on scaffolds are exposed to these
hazards:

• Falls from elevation

• Struck by falling tools
• Electrocution
• Scaffold collapse
 FALL HAZARDS

Falls may happened :

• While climbing on or off the

scaffold
• Working on unguarded
scaffold platforms
• When scaffold platforms or
planks fail
 PROTECTING WORKERS FROM FALLS

If a workers on a scaffold
can fall more than 6 feet,
protect them by:

• Guardrails
• Full body harnesses
 FULL BODY HARNESS

You must be trained how to properly

use Harness' include anchorage,
lifeline and body harness.

Fall Protection is required when

working in unprotected areas at heights
above 1.8 m (6 ft).
AVOID THE MAIN HAZARDS OF SCAFFOLDS

• Falls from elevation • Getting struck by falling

• Scaffold collapse • Electrocution
 HAZARDS SURROUNDED
• HAZCOM
• FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
• EXCAVATIONS & CONFINED SPACE
• LADDER AND STAIRWAY
• ELECTRICAL SAFETY
• MATERIALS HANDLING
• FIRE SAFETY
• SCAFFOLDS
• CRANES
CRANES
 MAIN CRANE HAZARDS

 Electrocution
 Crane flip over
 Struck by load
 Exposure to Moving Parts
 ELECTROCUTION

Electrocution hazards are always

associated with working with
cranes and other material handling
equipment.

It is primarily caused by contacting

with overhead electrical power
lines.
 CRANE FLIP OVER
The most common accidents happened
with crane operation is flipping over
caused by:

 Exceed the load capacity

 Exceed wend speed Max 25 Km/Hr
or 15 Mph.
 Out rigger jack is not supported
 STRUCK BY LOAD

Hazards associated with being struck-

by either a falling or flying object while
working around cranes such:

 Falling or failing loads.

 Swinging loads.
 EXPOSURE TO MOVING
PARTS

Moving parts is a potential source of

hazard because of the:
Swiftness of their action.
Unforgiving motion.

Using guards we can eliminate this

hazard.
 RIGGING

Is using a mechanical load shifting equipment and associated

gear to move and place including plant, equipment and
ensure the stability of the loads.
HOW DO ACCIDENTS HAPPENED?

• Instability while lifting load

• Lack of communication
• Lack of training for both crane operator
and rigger.
• Poor maintenance or Inspection
 PREVENTING CRANE ACCIDENTS
Using a Critical lift plan

 A critical lifting plan must be done before allowing

carne activity in the area.
 Critical lifting plane will insure the safe operating
condition including load capacity, wind speed
(Not exceeding 25Km/hr or 15 Mph) , restrictions
before starting any lifting in the area and
emergency procedure in place.

Inspection of all equipment involved in the lifting:

 Inspection of crane
 Inspection of baskets
 Inspection slings
 Inspection of ropes
 Inspection of chains
 Inspection of wires
 PLANNING BEFORE START-UP

• Level the crane and ensure support surface is firm and

able to support the load
• Contact power line owners and determine precautions.
• Know the location and voltage of overhead power lines.
• Know the basic crane capacities, limitations, and job site
restrictions, such as the location of power lines,
unstable soil, or high winds.
• Barricade areas within swing radius.
• Ensure that carne is already inspected.
 HAZARDS SURROUNDED
• HAZCOM
• FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
• EXCAVATIONS & CONFINED SPACE
• LADDER AND STAIRWAY
• ELECTRICAL SAFETY
• MATERIALS HANDLING
• FIRE SAFETY
• SCAFFOLDS
• CRANES
• COMPRESSED GASES
COMPRESSED GASES
 COMPRESSED GAS SAFETY

Compressed gases cylinder can be

hazardous because each cylinder
contains large amounts of energy and
may have high flammability and toxicity
potential.
 POTENTIAL HAZARDS

Physical Hazards Chemical Hazards

Reactivity,
Pressure
Explosion

Biological Hazards Health Hazards

Bacteria and
Poisoning
infections
 SAFE PRACTICE FOR HANDLING
& USE
Some gases have very specific procedures for safe use.
Before handling any compressed gas cylinder, locate the
Material Safety Data Sheet, or MSDS, for the gas you
are using. This document contains vital information for
handling each gas.
 SAFE PRACTICE FOR HANDLING
& USE
• Do not rely on cylinder color.
• The cylinder should be clearly stamped
• Always store compressed gas cylinder
in a shade place with upright position.
• We should keep at least 6.5 m
between compressed gas cylinders
containing flammable gasses and
cylinders that contains oxidizers such
as Oxygen
• Before handling, make sure that valve
cap is secured
 SAFE PRACTICE FOR HANDLING
& USE
• Inspecting & Testing Compressed Gas Cylinders.
• Safely Store Compressed Gas Cylinders in a shaded
area.
• Be sure the work & store area is well ventilated.
• Know the emergency procedures for the particular gas
being used and the location of the emergency
equipment.
 HAZARDS SURROUNDED
• HAZCOM
• FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
• EXCAVATIONS & CONFINED SPACE
• LADDER AND STAIRWAY
• ELECTRICAL SAFETY
• MATERIALS HANDLING
• FIRE SAFETY
• SCAFFOLDS
• CRANES
• COMPRESSED GASES
• RADIATION
 RADIATION

Is electromagnetic energy that

comes from radioactive
sources and X-ray
equipments.
 RADIATION HAZARD

• The radiation can damage human blood cells and tissue.

 PRECAUTION
• Follow PR safety standard and comply with Hot Work
Permit system.
• Identify the radiation by the sign, Rope, or barrier tape.
• Apply the principle of time, distance, shielding.
• Radiographer must mentor the area with a survey meter
to make sure the radiation level is safe and to keep
unauthorized people away.
 Radiation Precautions
• A hot work permit is required as the radiation survey
meters are considered a potential ignition source.

• A person responsible to handle, transport store and use

radiographic material must have a valid radiographer's
certificate in his possession.

• Additional ropes, barriers and Warning signs may be

needed where people can enter the affected area.
• Signs that states DANGER RADIATION must be used.

• Radiographer’s must monitor the area with survey

meters to make sure the radiation level is within safe
limit.
 HAZARDS SURROUNDED
• HAZCOM
• FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
• EXCAVATIONS & CONFINED SPACE
• LADDER AND STAIRWAY
• ELECTRICAL SAFETY
• MATERIALS HANDLING
• FIRE SAFETY
• SCAFFOLDS
• CRANES
• COMPRESSED GASES
• RADIATION
• COMPRESSED AIR EQUIPMENT
 COMPRESSED AIR EQUIPMENT

Equipment powered by compressed air such as Sandblasting,

Jackhammers…etc
 COMPRESSED AIR HAZARDS

• Pressurized air penetrating to the skin

• Hoses and Couplings failure hazards
 PRECAUTION

• Always check the equipments before using it.

• Inspect the grounding connected to the machine
probably.
• Check the damaged hose and coupling.
• Make sure the technicians wear the prober PPE.
• Install safety wire in every coupling to prevent
separating
 HAZARDS SURROUNDED
• HAZCOM
• FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
• EXCAVATIONS & CONFINED SPACE
• LADDER AND STAIRWAY
• ELECTRICAL SAFETY
• MATERIALS HANDLING
• FIRE SAFETY
• SCAFFOLDS
• CRANES
• COMPREDSSE GASES
• RADIATION
• COMPRESSED AIR EQUIPMENT
• PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS (PPE)
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS
(PPE)
 HEAD PROTECTION

CAUSES OF HEAD INJURIES:

• Falling objects
• Bumping head against fixed objects, such as exposed
pipes or beams
• Contact with exposed electrical conductors
 HEARING PROTECTION

EXAMPLES OF HEARING PROTECTORS

Earmuffs Earplugs Canal Caps

FOOT PROTECTION
 CAUSES OF FOOT INJURIES

• Heavy objects such as barrels or tools that might roll

onto or fall on employees’ feet
• Sharp objects such as nails or spikes that might pierce
the soles or uppers of ordinary shoes
• Molten metal that might splash on feet
• Hot or wet surfaces
• Slippery surfaces
 SAFETY SHOES PROPERTIES

• Have impact-resistant toes that

protect against hot surfaces.
• have metal insoles to protect
against puncture wounds
• May be designed to be
nonconductive to protect from
workplace electrical hazards
HAND PROTECTION
 HAND INJURIES YOU NEED TO GUARD
AGAINST?

• Burns
• Bruises
• Cuts
• Punctures
• Fractures
• Chemical Exposures
 TYPES OF GLOVES

Gloves resistant to Toxic /

hazardous chemicals

Gloves resistant to gas or

water vapors
 TYPES OF GLOVES (CONT’D)

Gloves resistant to chlorinated

and aromatic solvents that may
cause cancer

Gloves resistance to solvents,

harsh chemicals, fats and
petroleum products and also
provides excellent resistance
to cuts, punctures
BODY PROTECTION
 CAUSES OF BODY INJURIES?

• Intense heat
• Splashes of hot metals and other hot liquids
• Impacts from tools, machinery, and materials
• Cuts
• Hazardous chemicals
• Contact with potentially infectious materials, like blood
• Radiation
 BODY PROTECTION

Coveralls Full Body Suit

 OVER ALL SUMMARY

3 % of all workplace
• Conditions account for _____
accidents.

95
• Behaviors account for _____ % of all workplace
accidents.

2 % of all
• Uncontrollable acts account for ____
workplace accidents.

Conclusion: Management has some degree of control

over 98% of the causes for all accidents in the
workplace!
 Human Resources
Thank You
Employee Relations & Training

Petro Rabigh Training Unit