1. What is oil well blow out ?

A blowout is the uncontrolled release of crude oil and/or natural gas from an oil well or gas
well after pressure control systems have failed.
A blowout may consist of water, oil, gas or a mixture of these. Blowouts may occur during all types of well
activities and are not limited to drilling operations.

2. Type of blow out ?

Well blowouts can occur during the drilling phase, during well testing, during well completion,
during production, or during workover activities.

a. Surface blowouts[edit]

Blowouts can eject the drill string out of the well, and the force of the escaping fluid can be
strong enough to damage the drilling rig.

b. Subsea blowouts

The two main causes of a subsea blowout are equipment failures and imbalances with
encountered subsurface reservoir pressure.[23] Subsea wells have pressure control
equipment located on the seabed or between the riser pipe and drilling platform.

c. Underground blowouts[edit]

An underground blowout is a special situation where fluids from high pressure zones flow
uncontrolled to lower pressure zones within the wellbore

3. What causes blow outs

When the kick can not be overcome, either because the kick comes too fast, or because the operator
is too slow to know, or because it is naturally very vicious, for example the gas zone is very high
pressure.

4. Penangulanganya
Frist thing : Stop the operation, inject the appropriate heavy mud, partial cement, and install
additional string casing

a. Bloq out preventer (bop) =

A tool that located just above the surface of the well used to cover the well if there is a
sudden and dangerous increase in the base pressure of the well during drilling operations.

5. Conclusion
1. Blow out preventer system is very necessary in drilling operation to prevent if at any time
happened kick.
2.
 1. What is kick ?

The formation pressure is bigger than the hydrostatic pressure of the sludge causing the
formation fluid flow into the borehole

2. Gejala

1. Drilling Break is the occurrence of changes in drilling speed or penetrate rate penetration rate is
striking followed by changes in drill parameters such as SPM pumps, pump pressure, WOB etc.

3. Change the size of cutting from small to large.

4. Increase the drilling fluid temperature significantly in the flow line.

5. Changes in the properties of drilling fluids (mud properties) prominently.

3. Causes of kick

1. Rising formation pressure.

2. The hydrostatic pressure of the mud column drops.

3. Filling the drill hole at the time of unplug the circuit is not done as needed.