Practice Questions

Lectures (8-12)

Question no.1
Definition: Echelon form, reduced echelon form.

Solution

Row Echelon Form

A matrix is in row echelon form (ref) when it satisfies the following conditions.

 The first non-zero element in each row, called the leading entry, is 1.
 Each leading entry is in a column to the right of the leading entry in the previous row.
 Rows with all zero elements, if any, are below rows having a non-zero element.

A matrix is in reduced row echelon form (rref) when it satisfies the following conditions.

 The matrix is in row echelon form (i.e., it satisfies the three conditions listed above).
 The leading entry in each row is the only non-zero entry in its column.

Question no.2
 2 2 1 1 0 0 
 
If A  2 6 5 , I  0 1 0 then find A2  3I .
   
0 0 1 0 0 1 
Where I is the identity matrix of order 3*3
Answer:
A2  3 I 
AA  3I 
 2 2 1   2 2 1  1 0 0 
 2 6 5  2 6 5  3 0 1 0 
    
 0 0 1   0 0 1  0 0 1 
 0 16 7   3 0 0 
 16 32 37   0 3 0 
 0 0 1  0 0 3 
 3 16 7 
 16 29 37 
 0 0 2 
Question no.3
Find the matrix of cofactors of the given matrix
 2 1 1 
Cij   5 3 5 
 4 6 2 

Answer:
3 5
C11  (1)11  1{(3)*(2)  5*6}  6  30  36
6 2
5 5
C12  (1)1 2  1{(5*2  5*4}  1(10  20)  10
4 2

Similarly you can find the rest of cofactors

Matrix of cofactors is as follows.

 36 10 42 
Cij   8 8 8 
 2 5 11 

Question no4
Given matrices A and B such that
 4  2 0  5
A  B
9 8  5 8 
Evaluate A-3B.
Solution
A  3B
 4  2  0  5
 3
9 8  5 8 
 4 13
 
 6  16 

Question no.5
 4 8 6
  5 6 8
Check whether the matrix A  11 6 5  and B    can be multiplied?
 9 4 7  4 7 9
 
Justify your answer.

Solution:
order of A=3*3
Order of B=2*3
Inner dimensions do not match so this multiplication is not possible.

Question no.6
1 2
Find the inverse of A= 
3  4

Solution
1 2
A
3  4 
A  4*1  (2*3)  4  6  2
 4 2
AdjA  
 3 1
 2 1 
1  4 2 
1 
1
A  AdjA / A    3
2  3 1 
2 2
Question no.7

Find the determinant of the following matrix

 3 4 9 
A   6 1 5
 2 8 7 

Solution

 3 4 9 
A   6 1 5
 2 8 7 
1 5 6 5 6 1
A  3 4 9
8 7 2 7 2 8
 3(7  40)  4(42  10)  9(48  2)
 99  208  450
 143