3. Bearing by bolt ∅ = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓, 𝛀 = 𝟐.

𝟎
𝑳𝑹𝑭𝑫 Pu = ∅Pn
𝑷𝒏 = 𝟏. 𝟖 𝑭𝒚 𝑨𝒑
ASD 𝑃𝑎 = 𝑃𝑛 / Ω

Compression Member 𝑨𝒑 = ∑ 𝒅𝒃 𝒕

𝐾𝐿
𝑟
≤ 𝐶𝑐 4. Shear on bolt ∅ = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓, 𝛀 = 𝟐. 𝟎

𝐹𝑦
𝐹𝑐𝑟 = (0.658 𝐹𝑒 )𝐹𝑦 𝑷𝒏 = ∑ 𝑨𝒃 𝑭𝒗

𝐾𝐿 5. Block shear ∅ = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓, 𝛀 = 𝟐. 𝟎

> 𝐶𝑐
𝑟

𝐹𝑐𝑟 = (0.877 )𝐹𝑒 𝑷𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟎 𝑭𝒚 𝑨𝒏𝒆𝒕 + 𝑼𝑭𝒖 𝑨𝒗

Where

𝜋2 𝐸 𝑾𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 U = Shear lag

𝐹𝑒 = 𝐾𝐿
(
𝑟
) Factor
𝑼 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟎 for Plate
𝐸
𝐶𝑐 = 4.71 √𝐹 𝑼 = 𝟏. 𝟎 for Angle and
𝑦
gusset plate

Tension Member
Weld Connection
Bolt Connection
6. Shear in weld ∅ = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓, 𝛀 = 𝟐. 𝟎

Mode of Failure
𝑷𝒏 = (𝟎. 𝟕𝟎𝟕 𝒕𝒘 𝑳𝒘 )𝑭𝒏𝒘
1. Gross Area ∅ = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟎, 𝛀 = 𝟏. 𝟔𝟕
𝑭𝒏𝒘 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝑭𝑬𝑿𝑿 (𝟏 + 𝟎. 𝟓 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝜽)𝟏.𝟓 )

𝑷𝒏 = 𝑭𝒚 𝑨𝒈

2. Net Area ∅ = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓, 𝛀 = 𝟐. 𝟎

𝑷𝒏 = 𝑭𝒖 𝑨𝒆

𝑨𝒆 = 𝑼𝑨𝒏𝒆𝒕
𝑨𝒏𝒆𝒕 = 𝑨𝒈 − ∑ 𝒅𝒉 𝒕 ≤ 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 𝑨𝒈
 𝑀𝑛 = 𝐹𝑐𝑟 𝑆𝑥 ≤ 𝑀𝑝
Flexural Member ∅ = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟎, 𝛀 = 𝟏. 𝟔𝟕
𝐶𝑏 𝜋 2 𝐸 𝐽𝑐 𝐿𝑏 2
𝐹𝑐𝑟 = 2
√1 + 0.078 ( )
𝐿 𝑆𝑥 ℎ𝑜 𝑟𝑡𝑠
A) Lateral Torsional buckling ( 𝑏)
𝑟𝑡𝑠

𝐸 B) Flange Local Buckling

𝐿𝑝 = 1.76 𝑟𝑦 √
𝐹𝑦
𝐛𝐟
𝛌=
𝟐𝒕𝒇

𝐸 𝐽𝑐 0.7 𝐹𝑦 𝑆𝑥 ℎ𝑜 2
𝐿𝑟 = 1.9 𝑟𝑡𝑠 √ √1 + √1 + 6.76 ( )( ) 𝐄
0.7𝐹𝑦 𝑆𝑥 ℎ𝑜 𝐸 𝐽𝑐 𝛌𝐩𝐟 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟖√
𝑭𝒚

12.5𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝐶𝑏 = 𝑅 ≤ 3.0 𝐄
2.5 𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 + 3𝑀𝐴 + 4𝑀𝐵 + 3𝑀𝐶 𝑚 𝛌𝐫𝐟 = 𝟏. 𝟎√
𝑭𝒚
Typical Values of Lateral-Torsional Buckling
Modification Factor, Cb  For 𝛌 ≤ 𝛌𝐩𝐟 , Compact flange

𝑀𝑛 = 𝑀𝑝 = 𝐹𝑦 𝑍𝑥

 For 𝛌𝐩𝐟 ≤ 𝛌 ≤ 𝛌𝐫𝐟 , Non Compact flange

𝛌 − 𝛌𝐩𝐟
𝑀𝑛 = 𝐶𝑏 [𝑀𝑝 − (𝑀𝑝 − 0.7𝐹𝑦 𝑆𝑥 ) ( )]
𝛌𝐫𝐟 − 𝛌𝐩𝐟

 For 𝛌𝐫𝐟 ≤ 𝛌, Slender flange

The webs of all hot-rolled shapes in the

Manual are compact, so the non-compact
shapes are subject only to the limit states of
lateral-torsional buckling and flange
localbuckling. Built-up welded shapes,
however, can have noncompact or slender
webs as well as noncompact or slender
flanges. These cases are covered in AISC
Sections F4 and F5.

 For 𝐿𝑏 ≤ 𝐿𝑝

𝑀𝑛 = 𝑀𝑝 = 𝐹𝑦 𝑍𝑥

 For 𝐿𝑝 ≤ 𝐿𝑏 ≤ 𝐿𝑟

𝐿𝑏 − 𝐿𝑝
𝑀𝑛 = 𝐶𝑏 [𝑀𝑝 − (𝑀𝑝 − 0.7𝐹𝑦 𝑆𝑥 ) ( )]
𝐿𝑟 − 𝐿𝑝

1. A 12 x 250 mm plate of A36 steel is used as a tension

 For 𝐿𝑝 ≤ 𝐿𝑏
member. It is connected to a gusset plate with four 16 mm
diameter bolts assumed that effective net area is 85% of the b = 150 mm
computed net area. Use Fy = 248 MPa , Fu = 400 MPa What 𝑡𝑤 = 12 𝑚𝑚
is the design strength . 𝐹𝐸𝐸𝑋 = 485 𝑀𝑃𝑎

2. A 10 x 350 mm plate of A36 steel is used as a tension Find the maximum allowable design deadload
member. It is connected to a gusset plate with 9 - 20 mm
diameter bolts and diameter of hole is 3 mm greater than
diameter of bolts.
Given
Yield Strength Fy = 248 MPa
Fracture Strength Fu = 400 MPa
Shear Strength Fv = 305 MPa

The Applied load PDL = 300 KN

Determine the maximum axial live load for the connection.

5.Verify the adequacy of W18x50 beam with a simple span

of 10m Due to architectural Limitation, the beam depth shall
be maximum of 450 mm. Nominal load are uniform dead of
6.5 KN/m and Uniform live load of 10.90 KN/m. Limit the
live load deflection to L/360. Assume the beam is braced at
the third point and both ends. Fy = 345 Pa; Fu = 448 MPa.

Designation Weight Area Web Flange

A d tw bf tf
HxW W(Kg/m)
mm2 (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
3.The bracket connection shown in Figure must support an W18x50 74.6 9484 456.9 9 190.40 14.5
eccentric load consisting of 9 kips of dead load and 27 kips
of live load. The connection was designed to have two rts Moment of Inertia Elastic Modulus Plastic Modulus
vertical rows of four bolts, but one bolt was inadvertently Ix Iy
Sx
(x10^3
Sy
(x10^3
Zx
(x10^3
Zy
(x10^3
omitted. If 7/8-inch-diameter Group A bolts are used, is the mm (x10^6 mm4) (x10^6 mm4)
mm3) mm3) mm3) mm3)
connection adequate? If yes, What is maximum additional 50.29 332.985 16.691 1457.6 175.3 1655.1 272.03
allowable live load Use Fv =54 Ksi
Torsional Moment Warping ho
of Inertia, J Constant
mm4 mm6 mm
516.13 x 10^3 816.13 x 10^9 442.4

4.Given weld connection the properties 6. A Simply supported beam with span of 13.72 m and is
a = c = 100 mm laterally supported at its ends is subjected to the following
service load

Wdl = 5.94 KN

Assume Fy = 345 MPa, determin the maximum live load

should be applied using LRFD and ASD method (Use
W18x50 Section)

(NOV 2018) A 12 m long beam is simply supported is simply

supported at the left end and fixed at the right end. It is
subjected to uniform distributed load
Deadload = 16.7 KN/m
Bending about x axis
Given
Section W 540 mm x 150 kg/m

d=540 mm
tf = 20 mm
tw = 12.5 mm
bf = 320 mm
Sx = 3.72 x 10^6 mm3
Sy = 0.66 x 10^6 mm3
Zx = 4.14 x 10^6 mm3
Zy = 1.01 x 10^6 mm3
Fy =345 MPa
E = 200 GPa

7. Based on design of flexural strength, What is the

maximum live load that beam can carry
8. Based on design of shear strength, What is the
maximum live load that beam can carry

9. Based on design of allowable deflection due to live

load (1/340), What is the maximum live load that
beam can carry

A w14X142 is used as a column having length of 9 m long. It

is hinge at the upper end and fixed at the lower end but there
is a lateral bracing perpendicular to minor axis 5.4 m above
the bottom support.
Fy =248 MPa
E = 200 MPa
A= 274.65 mm
tf = 27 mm
bf = 393.70 mm
tw = 17.27 mm
Iy = 274 x 10^6 mm4
Ix = 362 x 10^6 mm4

10 Determine the critical slenderness ratio

12. Determine the critical buckling stress
13. Capacity of column secrtion in KN