ART APPRECIATION

MIDTERM HANDOUT

Museum is an open place that houses the artistic culture and legacy of one’s nation and people. It is often open to
public to commemorate and celebrate their tradition, history, and fine arts.
It came from the French word mouseion, the temple of Muses. It is intended for the Greek patronesses of the arts.

The Muses were nine very intelligent, beautiful and

careless divinities. Each Muse is responsible for a different literary
or poetic genre. They were created by Zeus after getting
inspiration from Dionysus, the God of Wine/Entertainment/ Merry-
making/Festivities.
Later on, they became guardians of visual and
performing arts.

PAINTING
 It is the expression of ideas and emotions, with the creation of certain aesthetic qualities, in a two-dimensional
visual language.
 The elements of this language—its shapes, lines, colours, tones, and textures—are used in various ways to produce
sensations of volume, space, movement, and light on a flat surface.
 These elements are combined into expressive patterns in order to represent real or supernatural phenomena, to
interpret a narrative theme, or to create wholly abstract visual relationships.
 An artist’s decision to use a particular medium, such as tempera, fresco, oil, acrylic, watercolour or other water-based
paints, ink, gouache, encaustic, or casein, as well as the choice of a particular form, such as mural, easel, panel,
miniature, manuscript illumination, scroll, screen or fan, panorama, or any of a variety of modern forms, is based on the
sensuous qualities and the expressive possibilities and limitations of those options.
 With the use of semiotic plane, painting is often symbolic i.e. signs.
Historical Development
Art explains the reflects the progress of mankind from the beginning of its existence. It shows the intrinsic value of art as
a form of language that narrates the knowledge, belief, and experience of each specific generation of mankind per era or
epoch. Art will always be the foundation of mankind’s pursuit for higher intellect.
Thus, it is essential to understand the underlying history and philosophy of the era or movement in mankind’s art history
and movements
Please see attached table for the summary of art movements,
MUSIC
 Music is an art whose medium is sound and silence.
 Music, art concerned with combining vocal or instrumental sounds for beauty of form or emotional expression, usually
according to cultural standards of rhythm, melody, and, in most Western music, harmony.
 Music is an art that, in one guise or another, permeates every human society. Modern music is heard in a bewildering
profusion of styles, many of them contemporary, others engendered in past eras.
 Music is a protean art; it lends itself easily to alliances with words, as in song, and with physical movement, as in dance.
 Throughout history, music has been an important adjunct to ritual and drama and has been credited with the capacity
to reflect and influence human emotion.
 Popular culture has consistently exploited these possibilities, most conspicuously today by means
of radio, film, television, musical theatre, and the Internet. The implications of the uses of music
in psychotherapy, geriatrics, and advertising testify to a faith in its power to affect human behaviour.
 This is considered as the least tangible of the arts as it is auditory arts.

Elements of Music
Please see table below for the summary.

ELEMENTS OF MUSIC DESCRIPTION Sub-Element

This has something to do with patterns in musical scale of time i.e. tempo (fast or slow), meter(unit of time ,
Rhythm
ritartando (gradually slowing down the tempo), rhythmic pattern
This refers to the succession of consecutive notes or tones changing in
Melody pitch and direction. It is inseparable with rhythm. It is the linear
representation of pitches.
This may refer to a combination of different tones or pitches played or Tonality (focus on home key center)
Harmony sung together. Notes played or sung together are called a chord.
Thus, harmony is playing chords successively.
This refers to the number of individual lines (melodies) and the monophonic, homophonic, polyphonic
Texture relationship these lines have to one another.

Dynamics It is the relative loudness or softness of a sound. crescendo, decrescendo

This refers to the tone color, quality of sound generated by an
Timbre soprano, alto, tenor etc.
instrument or a voice.
*Ludwig van Beethoven bridged the Classical to Romantic Period
*Arnold Schoenberg formulated the twelve-tone matrix
*George Handel is a Baroque era composer who wrote Hallelujah Chorus
*Queen of the Night was composed by Mozart
 HISTORICAL MOVEMENTS OF ART (PAINTING AND MUSIC)

NOTEABLE ARTISTS/
ART MOVEMENT DESCRIPTION/DEFINITION NOTEABLE EVENTS
CONTRIBUTIONS
 Refers to all artworks produced by  China has the oldest  Angono Petrogyphs of Rizal,
ancient men before any preconceived artistic traditions which is Charcoal Drawings of
culture and known method of writing and traced down to 5000 Penablanca, Cagayan and
record keeping. B.C. Singnapan Caves in Palawan.
 The term cave painting or petrograph  Cavemen are  Animal Paiting in Lascaux Cave
PREHISTORIC
refers to any parietal art, which involves considered as first artists in France
the application of color pigments on the of the world proving of
walls, floors, ceilings of ancient rock mankind’s eternal quest
dwellings; most of which subjects are not only of truth but also
animals. beauty.
 Refers to the arts produced from Greece  Used of stone arch for  Rebuilding of the Parthenon,
and Rome or also known as classical the Roman; post and temple for Athena.
antiquity. lintel for the Greeks.  Statue of Zeus in Olympia and
 Greek antiquity focused on architecture  Naturalism in painting; Statue of Athena in Parthenon
and sculpture. Stone figures are called use of light and shade  Socrates, paved the way for the
kourui; with a focus on human body. founding of Philosophy.
CLASSICAL  Roman Antiquity focused on the
practical use of art particularly
architecture and engineering; bridges,
aqueducts, public baths, and
marketplaces.
 In terms of music, it is lighter and lesser
complex.
 Refers to the period of 10 centuries of  Illuminated manuscripts,  The official music of the Church
religious domination between the fall of decorated religious texts is the Gregorian Chant (please
Rome (450 C.E.) and the Early Italian  Stained glass became search this in the internet)
Renaissance (1400). dominant in Western
 From this period, only one social institution Churches
MEDIEVAL survived; the Catholic Church.  Jade was the most
 It became the main sponsor and focus of precious stone valued
architecture and all other art works. and adored by the
 Everything was commissioned by Chinese.
religious authorities and mostly made by  Metalwork adornment in
monks/priests. the Church.
  There was a very sharp division among  Ceramic became the
three social classes; nobility, peasantry, focus of art tradition in
and clergy. the East particularly
 Women were not allowed to sing in Japan holding the
church. oldest of this tradition.
 Cathedrals became the center of msuci
life.
 Refers to the period from 14th to the 17th  The introduction of  Dome of Florence Cathedral
century. It serves as the link between the Copernican Theory, (Brunellsechi)
Middle Ages and Modern History. heliocentricity of the  Expulsion from the Garden of
 Began as cultural movement in Italy, Universe. Eden (Masaccio)
which signifies rebirth; re (again) and  Humanism, combination  Birth of Venus (Boticelli)
nascere (be born). of reasoning and  David, Ignudi, and Genesis by
 It has altered literature, philosophy, art, empirical evidence Michelangelo
politics, science, religion, and all other  School of Athens, Sistine
RENAISSANCE
aspects of intellectual investigation. Madonna, by Raphael,
 Highly influenced by classical era,  Mona Lisa, Virgin of the Rocks,
science became the turning point of its Last Supper by Da Vinci.
three subdivisions; early renaissance, high  It has produced three great
renaissance, and late renaissance. masters; Leonardo Da Vinci,
 The is high obsession on balance, Michelangelo, and Raphael.
harmony, intellectual order, and  Pablo Picasso, founder and
PROPORTION i.e Vitruvian Man. Father of Cubism
 Refers to the period from 1590 to 1720  Emergence of
which shows the religious conflicts of Protestantism with a
Catholicism and Protestantism. forward movement for
 It comes the Portuguese word barroco public and monumental
which means oddly shaped pearl. arts.
 It portrays a soft edge, strong sense of  Emergence of Japanese
movement, using upward and spiral art which makes use of
BAROQUE diagonals, with strong sumptuous colors in woodblocks as canvas
painting. known as Ukiyo-e.
 Under this period is the rococo (shell-
shaped curves) and detail-centered
artworks.
 Public concerts are so limited so as not
ignite issues and problems between
churches.