Department of Mechanical Engineering

Bapatla Engineering College: Bapatla

(Affiliated to Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur)

CAD AND MODELING LAB

(18MEL33)
Third Semester Mechanical Engineering
(2019-20)

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Register No:…………………………………

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Submission
S.No Date Name of Exercise Marks Sign
date
 INTRODUCTION
Computer Aided Drafting is a process of preparing a drawing of an object on the screen of a
computer. There are various types of drawings in different fields of engineering and sciences.
In the fields of mechanical or aeronautical engineering, the drawings of machine components
and the layouts of them are prepared. In the field of civil engineering, plans and layouts of the
buildings are prepared. In the field of electrical engineering, the layouts of power distribution
system are prepared. In all fields of engineering use of computer is made for drawing and
drafting.

The use of CAD process provides enhanced graphics capabilities which allows any designer
to

• Conceptualize his ideas

• Modify the design very easily
• Perform animation
• Make design calculations
• Use colors, fonts and other aesthetic features.

REASONS FOR IMPLEMENTING A CAD SYSTEM

APPLICATION OF CAD:
There are various processes which can be performed by use of computer in the drafting
process.
1. Automated drafting: This involves the creation of hard copy engineering drawings
directly from CAD data base. Drafting also includes features like automatic dimensioning,
generation of cross – hatched areas, scaling of the drawing and the capability to develop
sectional views and enlarged views in detail. It has ability to perform transformations of
images and prepare 3D drawings like isometric views, perspective views etc.,
2. Geometric modeling: concerned with the computer compatible mathematical description
of the geometry of an object. The mathematical description allows the image of an object to
be displayed and manipulated on a graphics terminal through signals from the CPU of the
CAD system. The software that provides geometric modeling capabilities must be designed
for efficient use both by computer and the human designer.
BENEFITS OF CAD:
The implementation of the CAD system provides variety of benefits to the industries
in design and production as given below:
1. Improved productivity in drafiting
2. Shorter preparation time for drawing
3. Reduced man power requirement
4. Customer modifications in drawing are easier
5. More efficient operation in drafting
6. Low wastage in drafting
7. Minimized transcription errors in drawing
8. Improved accuracy of drawing
9. Assistance in preparation of documentation
10. Better designs can be evolved
11. Revisions are possible
12. Colours can be used to customize the product
13. Production of orthographic projections with dimensions and tolerances
14. Hatching of all sections with different filling patterns
15. Preparation of assembly or sub assembly drawings
16. Preparation of part list
17. Machining and tolerance symbols at the required surfaces
18. Hydraulic and pneumatic circuit diagrams with symbols
19. Printing can be done to any scale

LIMITATIONS OF CAD
1. 64 – bit word computer is necessary because of large amount of computer memory
and time
2. The size of the software package is large
3. Skill and judgment are required to prepare the drawing
4. Huge investment
CAD SOFTWARES
The software is an interpreter or translator which allows the user to perform specific
type of application or job related to CAD. The following softwares are available for drafting.
1. AUTOCAD
2. Pro – E
3. CATIA
4. MS OFFICE
5. PAINT
6. ANSYS
7. MSc.NASTRAN
8. IDEAS
9. SOLID WORKS
10. HYPERMESH
11. FLUENT – GAMBIT
The above software is used depending upon their application.
 INTRODUCTION TO SOLID EDGE

Solid Edge Version 19 is the latest release of UGS’ hybrid 2D/3D software and the premier
design-centric solution in the mid range CAD industry. It is easiest to learn and use, and the
most productive mainstream CAD system available. It has superior large assembly modeling
and management. In this software migration of 2D to 3D is very simple. Step1: Start Solid
Edge On the start menu, click all programs, click Solid Edge V19, and then click Solid Edge.
The startup screen is displayed.

The startup Screen Solid Edge has four separate document types: Parts (.par), Sheet Metal
Parts (.psm), Assemblies (.asm) and drawings (.dft). Solid Edge provides many tutorials to
learn the usage of the product. The startup screen is always available. At any time it is
possible to open Solid Edge documents to access the favorite links, commands, tutorials, tips
and apprentice mode option.
Mouse Buttons Left button – use this button to select geometry, command and option buttons,
and entries in the Edge bar tool. The left button is used most of the time.

Mouse Buttons Left button – use this button to select geometry, command and option buttons,
and entries in the Edge bar tool. The left button is used most of the time.
BASIC COMMANDS USED IN SOLID EDGE

Line command: Draws continuous series of lines and arcs that can be perpendicular or
tangent to each other.

Curve command: Draws a smooth curve using points by click and drag or by clicking
several edit points to define the curve.

Arc command: Draw an arc using three points, the first point defines the center o the arc and
the next two points define the sweep.

Circle command: Draws a circle using centre point and radius.

Rectangle command: Draws rectangle using three points the first point two points define the
width and rotation angle of the rectangle, and the third point defines the height and also draw
a square with this command.

Fillet command: Draws a fillet between two elements. The element can be arcs, lines,
circles, ellipses or curves.

Chamfer command: Draws the chamfer or bevel between two elements. This command
copies elements while maintaining characteristics such as the angle of lines and the centre
point of circles.

Fill command: Places a fill inside a closed boundary and can modify fill properties with the
fill ribbon bar.

Smart dimension command: Places a dimension on any single element or between any two
elements. The dimension types available depend on the element selection.

Distance between command: Places a linear dimension that measures the distance between
elements or key points.

Angle between command: Places a dimension that measures the angle between elements or
key points and the dimension is placed in one of the four quadrants.

Construction command: Changes profile elements into a construction elements or

construction element into a profile element.
Trim command: Trims open and closed elements either to the closest intersection in both
directions or to selected elements.

Trim corner command: Draws corner by extending and / or trimming two selected open
elements.

Extend to next command: Extends one or more open elements until they intersect with the
nearest element or the element selected in the active window. The extension direction is
determined by the selection of the elements to extend.

Split command: Splits open and closed elements at the location specified, this command is
used when working with 2D elements such as profiles, sketches, Cutting planes, lines and so
forth to spilt a2D wire frame elements into two separate elements.

Move command: Moves element from one location to another. One or more elements
movement at a time is possible.

Rotate (2D Elements) command: Rotates one or more 2D elements a precise distance or
angle about a specified point.

Mirror command: Mirrors one or more selected elements about a line or axis that defined
and mirror without copying or mirror and copy.

Scale command: Reduces or enlarges selected elements by a defined scale factor.

Connect command: A key point of one element remains connected to key point of another
element.

Concentric command: Makes an arc or circle concentric with another arc or circles.

Horizontal/Vertical command: Makes a line horizontal or vertical.

Collinear command: Makes two lines collinear.

Perpendicular command: Makes two elements perpendicular. It makes two lines, a line and
an arc or a line and a circle perpendicular.

Tangent command (Profile Environment): Makes two elements tangent. A tangent

relationship at the end point between a line and an arc is also possible.
Equal command: Makes elements equal. It can apply between the equal relationship to the
lengths of lines and the radii of arcs and circles.

Symmetric command: Makes element symmetric about an axis. The characteristics of the
elements on each side of the axis, such as size and position are maintained by the symmetric
relationship.
2D practice
 PART MODELING

Create 3D Assembly models of a SCREW JACK for the given detail parts.

AIM: To draw the detail view of the Stuffing Box and assemble the parts by using the Solid
Edge software and obtain its respective views.
COMMANDS USED: Sketch, pad, Shaft, Pattern, Mate, Align, Helical Sweep, Round,
Chamfer etc
 STUFFING BOX

AIM: To draw the detail view of the Stuffing Box and assemble the parts by using the Solid
Edge software and obtain its respective views.
COMMANDS USED: Sketch, pad , Shaft, Pattern, Mate, Align, Helical Sweep, Round,
Chamfer etc,
 SOLID EDGE ASSEMBLY

Solid Edge Assembly An assembly is a collection of parts and subassemblies that are
positioned in a meaningful way. The parts can be in their final orientation, or have freedom of
movement in translation and rotation. Solid Edge Assembly provides the tools needed to lay
out and position the parts relative to each other. Many methods exist to accomplish this task
and these approaches to building assemblies will be covered in this text.

Objectives This lesson introduces the Solid Edge Assembly interface and discusses the
different workflows for creating an assembly with the most commonly used part
relationships. Placing parts in assemblies You can place any of the following types of solid
parts in Solid Edge assemblies using the Parts Library tab:

• A part constructed in the Solid Edge Part environment.

• A part constructed in the Solid Edge Sheet Metal environment.

• Another assembly constructed in the Solid Edge Assembly environment.

• Any file that is open in Solid Edge other than a draft file. To place parts that were
constructed in other CAD formats, you must first convert them to Solid Edge part files.

Sharing assemblies

You can place parts in assemblies by selecting them from a local folder path or from a
network share. If you use local folder paths, other Solid Edge users who access the assembly
over a network will not be able to view its parts and subassemblies. If you intend to share an
assembly over a network, you should always select the parts through a network share, even if
they are stored on your computer. To do this, use the arrow on the right side of the Look In
option on the Parts Library tab to browse to and select the folder on a network drive where
the part or subassembly is stored. The network share approach also allows you to build an
assembly using parts that are stored on several computers on your network. For example,
your company may have one or more computers that are used as servers, where commonly
used parts are stored.

Placing the first part in an assembly

To start the part placement process, in the Parts Library tab, select the part you want, then
drag it in the assembly window. You can also start the part placement process by double-
clicking the part in the Parts Library tab. The first part you place into an assembly is
important. It serves as the foundation upon which the rest of the assembly will be built.
Therefore, the first part should represent a fundamental component of the assembly. Because
the first part is placed grounded, you should pick a part with a known location, such as a
frame or base. Although Solid Edge makes it easy to edit parts during the design cycle, the
first part you place in the assembly should be as completely modelled as possible. In the same
way, although it is easy to delete parts from assemblies and change assembly relationships,
the first part you place should remain grounded and not be deleted. To reposition the first
part, you should first delete the ground relationship. You can then apply assembly
relationships between the first part and the assembly reference planes or subsequent parts you
place in the assembly.

Placing additional parts in an assembly

You can use the Assembly tab on the Options dialog box to specify whether subsequent parts are
temporarily placed in the assembly window (A), or displayed in a separate Place Part window (B).
When you set the Do Not Create a New Window During Place Part option, the part is
temporarily placed in the assembly window at the location where you dragged and dropped
the part. To make the positioning process easier, drop the part in a location where it is easy to
select the positioning elements you want to use. If you start the part placement process by
double-clicking the part in the Parts Library tab, the display area of the assembly window is
adjusted so you can see the new part. When you clear the Do Not Create a New Window
During Place Part option, the part is displayed in a separate Place Part window. If the active
window is maximized, the Place Part window is also maximized, essentially hiding the
assembly window from view. Due to this, beginning users should not maximize the active
window. Let the windows overlap, and this will make placing parts into the assembly and
applying relationships much easier.

Positioning parts

You use assembly relationships to position the new part relative to a part already in the
assembly. The Relationships Types option on the Assemble command bar contains a wide
range of assembly relationships for positioning parts relative to one another. In addition to
traditional assembly relationships, the FlashFit option reduces the steps required to position a
part using the mate, planar align, or axial align relationships. This option is recommended in
most situations. For example, you can use FlashFit to mate a face on the placement part (A)
with a face on the target part (B).
After you apply the first assembly relationship, the new part is repositioned within the
assembly.

As you apply the remaining assembly relationships, the software positions and reorients the
part in the assembly.
EXERCISES

Stuffing box

Screw jack