University of Koya

Faculty of Science and Engineering

School of Petroleum and Chemical
Chemical Engineering Department

Prepared by:
• Abdurrahman Khdr (2nd Stage)
• Dastan Sallih (3rd Stage)
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 What Is Chemical Engineering?

 Definition found in a standard dictionary:

“A branch of engineering which involves the design and
operation of large scale chemical plants, petrochemical
refineries, and the like.”

 Another definition (from the web):

“Concerned with processes that cause substances to
undergo required changes in their chemical or physical
composition, structure, energy content or physical state.”

 An Engineer who manufactures chemicals

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 Application of basic sciences (math, chemistry, physics & biology)
and engineering principles to the development, design, operation &
maintenance of processes to convert raw materials to useful
products and improve the human environment.
 It is true that chemical engineers are comfortable with chemistry,
but they do much more with this knowledge than just make
chemicals. In fact, the term "chemical engineer" is not even
intended to describe the type of work a chemical engineer
performs. Instead it is meant to reveal what makes the field
different from the other branches of engineering.
 For the other established branches of engineering, there were ready
associations in the mind of the common man: Mechanical
Engineering meant machines, Electrical Engineering meant
circuitry, and Civil Engineering meant structures. So Chemical
Engineering can be symbolized as chemicals production.

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 All engineers employ mathematics, physics, and the engineering
art to overcome technical problems in a safe and economical
fashion. Yet, it is the chemical engineer alone that draws upon the
vast and powerful science of chemistry to solve a wide range of
problems. The strong technical and social ties that bind chemistry
and chemical engineering are unique in the fields of science and
technology. This marriage between chemists and chemical
engineers has been beneficial to both sides and has rightfully
brought the envy of the other engineering fields.

 The breadth of scientific and technical knowledge inherent in the

profession has caused some to describe the chemical engineer as
the "universal engineer." Yes, you are hearing me correctly;
despite a title that suggests a profession composed of narrow
specialists, chemical engineers are actually extremely versatile
and able to handle a wide range of technical problems.

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History Of Chemical Engineering
 The Industrial Revolution(18th century) led to an unprecedented
escalation in demand, both with regard to quantity and quality,
for bulk chemicals such as sulfuric acid and soda ash. This
meant two things: one, the size of the activity and the efficiency
of operation had to be enlarged, and two, serious alternatives to
batch processing, such as continuous operation, had to be
examined. This created the need for an engineer who was not
only conversant with how machines behaved, but also
understood chemical reactions and transport phenomena (how
substances came together to react, how the required conditions
could be achieved, etc.), and the influence the equipment had on
how these processes operated on the large scale. Thus, Chemical
Engineering was born as a distinct discipline; distinct from both
Mechanical Engineering on one hand and industrial chemistry on
the other.

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 Chemical Engineering Today &
Tomorrow
 The "Big Four" engineering fields consist of civil,
mechanical, electrical, and chemical engineers. Of these,
chemical engineers are numerically the smallest group.
However, this relatively small group holds a very prominent
position in many industries, and chemical engineers are, on
average, the highest paid of the "Big Four“
 The necessary skills encompass all aspects of design, testing,
scale-up, operation, control, and optimization, and require a
detailed understanding of the various "unit operations", such as
distillation, mixing, and biological processes, which make these
conversions possible. Today there are around 70,000 practicing
chemical engineers in the United States (57,000 of these are
AIChE members).

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 What Are The Fields Of Ch E?
The traditional fields of (ChE) and the
Chemical Process Industries (CPI) are:
 Petrochemicals, petroleum and natural gas processing
(upstream and downstream)
 Chemicals,
 Plastics and polymers
 Pulp and paper
 Instrumentation and process control
 Energy conversion and utilisation
 Environmental control
 Biomedical and Biochemical
 Food processing
 Composite materials, corrosion and protective coatings
 Manufacture of microelectronic components
 Pharmaceuticals
 Agricultural Chemicals Industries
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 Many Chemical Engineers also work in supplier, consulting and
governmental agencies related to the CPI by engaging in
equipment manufacture, plant design, consulting, analytical
services and standards development.

 Chemical Engineers hold lead positions in industrial firms and

governmental agencies concerned with environmental protection
since environmental problems are usually complex and require a
thorough knowledge of the Social Sciences, Physics, Biology,
Mathematics and Chemistry for their resolution.

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What Is The Difference Between Chemistry And
Chemical Engineering?
 Chemical engineering is the application of science, in particular
chemistry, physics and mathematics, to the process of converting raw
materials or chemicals into more useful or valuable forms.
 Chemistry (derived from alchemy) is the science of matter at or near the
atomic scale. In this pursuit chemistry deals with the properties of such
matter, the transformations of matter and the interactions of matter with
other matter and with energy.
 Chemical Engineering is more physics and math oriented than
Chemistry.
 Chemistry you'll be dealing with chemical knowledge (as a science) and
info regarding particular compound types and principles.
 A lot of people will tell that chemistry works on the scale of a lab (think
test tubes and flasks) and Chemical engineers will work on industrial
scale. But in fact Chemistry is a science not based on a scale. Facts to
consider are that Chemical Engineers are better paid on average .

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Traditional View Of Chemical
Engineering

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How Much Money Do Chemical
Engineers Make? Starting salaries (USA)
 The National Association of Colleges and
Employers (NACE) reported that, between Sept
1999 - Jan 2000, the average starting salary offer
made to graduating chemical engineering students
in the USA was:

* $49,418 with a Bachelor's degree

* $56,100 with a Master's degree
* $68,491 with a Ph.D.

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A Chemical Engineer Is More
Than A Chemist

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Chemical Engineering At The Center

Materials Science Computer Science.

Electrical Eng.

Physics

Chem. Eng. Civil Eng.

Chemistry.

Mechanical Eng..
Biology. Mathematics.

 Chemical Engineering is connected to many disciplines

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Thanks, and
love to all

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