Reg.No.

VIVEKANANDHA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING FOR WOMEN

[AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTION AFFILIATED TO ANNA UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI]
Elayampalayam – 637 205, Tiruchengode, Namakkal Dt., Tamil Nadu.

Question Paper Code: 8027

B.E. / B.Tech.DEGREE END-SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS –OCT. / NOV. 2017

Sixth Semester
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
U14EE631- DESIGN OF ELECTRICAL APPARATUS
(Regulation2014)
Time : Three hours Maximum : 100 marks
PART – A
Answer ALL Questions (20 x 1 = 20 marks)
(Objective type with every wrong answer carrying0.25 Negative Mark)

1. A 350 kW, 500 V, 450 rpm, 6 pole DC generator is built with an armature
diameter of 0.87 m and a core length of 0.32m. The lap wound armature has
660 conductors. Calculate the specific electric loadings.
a) 28200 ampere conductors per meter
b) 38560 ampere conductors per meter
c) 40783 ampere conductors per meter
d) 28020 ampere conductors per meter
2. A 30 watt DC motor has a full load efficiency of 60 per cent. Calculate the
power developed by the armature at full load if the sum of iron, friction and
windage losses is 1/3 of total losses.
a) 481W
b) 793W
c) 366W
d) 289W

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3. Compare the outputs of two synchronous machines having linear dimensions
in the ratio x:1 and running at different speeds but subjected to equal
centrifugal stress. Assume that the specific magnetic loading and current
density are the same in the two machines.
a) x:1
b) x2:1
c) x3:1
d) x4:1
4. Find the minimum permissible conductor area for a 1000kW, 500V, 8 pole
DC generator if the permissible copper loss is not to exceed 8000 Watt per m2
of armature surface. The armature diameter is 2.1m, and there are 760 lap
connected armature conductors. Assume value of resistivity for copper
conductor be 2 X 10-8Ω-m.
a) 42 mm2
b) 48 mm2
c) 40 mm2
d) 44 mm2
5. Find the number of parallel paths in a 2 layer DC armature winding with
6poles, 32 slots and 2 coil sides / slot.
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
6. A 4 pole, DC machine has 44 slots. It is to be provided with 2 equaliser rings.
Find the number of taps. There are two coil sides per slot.
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5

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7. A slot 50mm wide is to have 5 equal layers of single solid conductors each
35mm wide. What depth of conductor would give the minimum loss?
a) 8 mm
b) 10 mm
c) 12 mm
d) 14 mm
8. A 3 phase 16 pole synchronous machine is to be provided with a 3 phase
single layer winding. Find the possible number of parallel circuits per phase.
a) 3,4,5,6
b) 1,2,3,4
c) 1,2,4,8
d) 3,6,7,8
9. Calculate the core and window areas required for a 1000kVA, 6600/400 V,
50Hz, single phase core type transformer. Assume a maximum flux density of
1.25 Wb/m2 and a current density of 2.5 A/mm2. Voltage per turn = 30 V and
window space factor = 0.32.
a) 453 x 102 mm2, 78.3 x 102 mm2
b) 108 x 102 mm2, 83.4 x 102 mm2
c) 258 x 102 mm2, 74.6 x 102 mm2
d) 369 x 102 mm2, 14.3 x 102 mm2
10. A 3 phase 50Hz oil cooled core type transformer has the following
dimensions: distance between core centers=0.2m, height of window=0.24m,
diameter of circumscribing circle =0.14m. The flux density in the core is
1.25Wb/m2and the current density in the conductors is 2.5 A/mm2. Estimate
the kVA rating. Assume a window space factor of 0.2 and a core area
factor=0.56. The core is 2 stepped.
a) 12.3 kVA
b) 10.8 kVA
c) 14.2 kVA
d) 16.5 kVA

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11. In a transformer having 10:1turns ratio, the copper loss in the primary
winding is 15 percent less than that in the secondary winding. The resistance
per turn of the primary is 0.00394Ω and there are 1485 more turns in the
primary than in the secondary. Calculate the resistance of the secondary
winding.
a) 0.0489 Ω
b) 0.0675 Ω
c) 0.0892 Ω
d) 0.0978 Ω
12. A 100kVA, 2000/400V, 50Hzsingle phase shell type transformer has two full
HV coils, one full HV coils and two half HV coils. Calculate the value of
average axial force acting on the end coils under short circuit at full voltage if
its leakage reactance is 0.035p.u. Length of mean turn 1.5m, width of coils =
0.12m, HV winding turns = 200, p.u. resistance of transformer =0.01.
a) 35.2 x 103 N
b) 47.6 x 103 N
c) 26.8 x 103 N
d) 78.9 x 103 N
13. A 3 phase, 4 pole induction motor has 24 slots. Calculate the order of slot
harmonics produced.
a) 10,12
b) 11,13
c) 10,11
d) 12,13
14. A 3 phase induction motor has 54 slots with 8 conductors per slot and 72 rotor
slots with 4 conductors per slot. Find the number of stator and rotor turns.
a) 48,72
b) 63,34
c) 72,48
d) 34,63
15. A 150 HP, 3 phase, 2000V, 50Hz, 10 pole star connected induction motor has

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 3 slots per pole per phase on the stator. The flux per pole is 25 x 10-3Wb. The
air gap area per pole is 48 x 10-2 m2 and the effective air gap length is 1mm. If
the mmf for iron parts is to be 25 percent of that required for single gap,
calculate the magnetizing current for the motor.
a) 15.4 A
b) 16.7 A
c) 17.3 A
d) 18.1 A
16. A 5 HP, 440V, 3 phase, 4 pole motor with 375 turns per phase in the stator
has the following design data: Rotor slots = 30; rotor bar size = 8.5 x 6 mm2;
length of each bar = 0.125m; end ring size = 10 x 15 mm2; mean diameter of
end ring =0.125m. The bars and end rings of copper for which the resistivity
is 0.021Ω/m and mm2 at the working temperature. Calculate the rotor
resistance referred to stator winding.
a) 3.55 Ω per phase
b) 5.63 Ω per phase
c) 4.25 Ω per phase
d) 6.89 Ω per phase
17. Determine suitable stator dimensions for a 500kVA, 50Hz, 3 phase alternator
to run at 375rpm. Take mean gap density over the pole pitch as 0.55 Wb/m2,
the specific electric loading as 25,000 A/m. The peripheral speed should not
exceed 35 m/s.
a) D = 1.75m, L = 0.18m
b) D = 3.24m, L = 0.28m
c) D = 6.89m, L = 1.52m
d) D = 2.69m, L = 1.47m

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18. A 3 phase alternator has a stator bore of 1.70m and a core length of 0.35m.
The average gap density is approximately 0.55 Wb/m2. Determine suitable
number of slots and conductors per slot for a terminal voltage of 6600V,
50Hz and 375 rpm. Use star connections.
a) 100,20
b) 200,15
c) 163,58
d) 144,10
19. An alternator has parallel sided slots 25mm wide and 80mm deep. The cross
section of conductors measures 50 x 20 mm2 and they are covered with the
coil side insulation of uniform thickness and placed at the bottom of the slot
which is closed by a non-magnetic wedge. Determine the leakage reactance
due to slot flux only, if the alternator has a single layer winding having
12turns per coil and 40 coils in series per phase. The core length is 0.8m and
the frequency 50Hz.
a) 5.8 A
b) 9.6 A
c) 7.3 A
d) 6.2 A
20. Obtain the main dimensions of the rotor of a 50MVA, 2 pole,and 50Hz
synchronous generator. The peripheral speed is limited to approximately
160m/s. Take an electric loading of 65,000 A/m and a mean gap density of
0.575 Wb/m2. Assume a gap length of 25mm.
a) D = 5.2 m, L = 3.6 m
b) D = 1.0 m, L = 2.3 m
c) D = 2.4 m, L = 4.8 m
d) D = 3.9 m, L = 5.9 m

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 PART – B
Answer ALL Questions (10 x 2 = 20 marks)
(Objective type with every wrong answer carrying0.5 Negative Mark)
21. A 50kW, 800 rpm DC generator has full load efficiency of 88 per cent. If now
another similar DC generator having two times the linear dimensions of
50kW generator is built to work at 800 rpm, find the efficiency of the new
generator. Assume that the flux densities and current densities are the same
for the two machines.
a) 0.732
b) 0.869
c) 0.485
d) 0.937
22. Determine the maximum allowable core length for a DC machine which has
the following data: Maximum gap flux density at no load =0.54 Wb/m2,
maximum gap flux density at full load = 1.3 times no load value. Turns per
coil = 2; Peripheral speed = 30 m/s. The maximum allowable voltage between
adjacent segment at full load is 30V.
a) 0.8526 m
b) 0.356 m
c) 0.478 m
d) 0.268 m
23. An 8 pole DC machine with a duplex wave winding requires about 720
conductors. Using single turn coils, find the nearest number of commutator
segments and a suitable number of slots that can be used to give a
symmetrical winding with 2 coils per slot.
a) 378,486
b) 471,263
c) 358,362
d) 864,632

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24. The air gap flux distribution of an alternator contains 5thand 7th harmonics
whose magnitudes are respectively 10 percent and 5 percent of the
fundamental. Find the corresponding percentage of harmonics in the terminal
voltage. The machine has 105 stator slots, 14 poles and a 3 phase double layer
winding with a coil span of 6 slots.
a) 0.82 percent of 7th harmonics
b) 0.65 percent of 5th harmonics
c) 0.82 percent of 5th harmonics
d) 0.65 percent of 7th harmonics
25. The tank of a 1250kVA natural oil cooled transformer has the dimension
length, width and height as 1.55 m x 0.65 m x 1.85 m respectively. The full
load loss is 13.1 kW. Find the number of tubes for this transformer assuming:
W/m2 - C due to convection = 6.5; improvement in convection due to
provision of tubes = 40 percent; temperature rise = 40C; length of each tube
= 1m; diameter of tubes = 50 mm. Neglect the top and bottom surfaces of the
tank as regards cooling.
a) 170 tubes
b) 180 tubes
c) 190 tubes
d) 200 tubes
26. With 100 A taken from the terminals of a certain transformer connected to a
25Hz primary supply circuit, the resulting total reactive drop is 5 percent.
Calculate the percentage reactive drop if the same transformer is rewound
with 15 percent more turns in both windings and connected to a 60Hz circuit
with a load drawing 110A from secondary winding. Assume the terminal
voltage and dimensions of all leakage paths to remain unaltered.
a) 17. 5 percent
b) 19.5 percent
c) 21.5 percent
d) 23.5 percent

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27. Calculate the magnetizing current of a 415V, 4 pole, 3 phase, 50Hz induction
motor having the following data: Stator slots = 36; conductors per stator slot
=30; stator bore = 0.13m; stator core length = 0.13m; effective gap length =
1mm. The windings are full pitch and the phase spread is 60. Assume that
iron has infinite permeability.
a) 3.78 A
b) 4.64 A
c) 5.78 A
d) 6.89 A
28. A 6 pole, 10 hp, 60 Hz motor has its maximum power factor of 0.83 at full
load, when its efficiency is 85 percent. Estimate its maximum power factor,
and full load output and efficiency if it is rewound for 40 Hz with 6 poles.
a) 0.59, 2.9 hp, 0.69
b) 0.45, 2.9 hp, 0.96
c) 0.27, 2.9 hp, 0.28
d) 0.83, 6.4 hp, 0.82
29. A two pole, 50Hz turbo-alternator has a core length of 1.5m. The mean flux
density over the pole pitch is 0.5Wb/m2, the stator ampere conductors per
meter are 26,000 and the peripheral speed 100m/s. The average span of coils
is one pole pitch. Determine the output which can be obtained from the
machine.
a) 2.3 MVA
b) 4.1 MVA
c) 3.9 MVA
d) 8.4 MVA

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30. A 500kVA,4 pole 3 phase, 60Hz, 0.8 power factor, 208V, salient pole
generator has 72 slots, 2 conductor per slot and conductor having 16 parallel
strands. The area of each strand is 8.35mm2.The length of mean turn is 2.0m.
The winding is connected in star with 4 circuits per phase. The field current at
full load is 27.2 Aand the field resistance is 4.55Ω at 75C. The friction and
windage loss is 4.1kW, the total iron loss 6.2kW and the stray load loss
1.5kW. Determine the efficiency of the generator at full load.
a) 82.3%
b) 79.8%
c) 89.7%
d) 95.5%

PART – C

Answer ALL Questions (6 x 10 = 60 marks)

31. a) The losses in a 11kW, 3 phase, 4000 V, 50Hz, 1000 rpm inductive
motor are:I2R losses = 950W, iron losses = 500 W and friction and
windage losses = 110W. Find the output losses and efficiency of a
similar motor designed with each linear dimensions 1.5 times the linear
dimension of the given motor. Compare the values of efficiency of the
two motors.
(OR)
b) A 1.1 kW, 3 phase, 50 Hz, 1500 rpm delta connected induction motor
has : stator bore D=0.15m and core length L=0.06m. Estimate the main
dimensions of a 3.7 kW, 3 phase, 50Hz, 1000 rpm delta connected
motor having the same loadings as the previous one. The efficiency and
power factor are same. Assume the same L /  ratio.

32. a) Draw a winding diagram for a 4 pole, 24 slot, 3 phase wave connected
armature.
(OR)
b) A simplex wave winding has 8 poles, 105 slots and 105 coils. Find
i. Tappings of a winding for a 3 phase load.
ii. Opening for a symmetrical 3 phase winding with a phase spread
of 60.
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33. a) Calculate the main dimension and winding details of a 100kVA,
2000/400 volt, 50Hz, single phase shell type, oil immersed, self-cooled
transformer. Assume: Voltage per turn, 10V, flux density in core,1.1
Wb/m2, current density A/mm2, window space factor, 0.33.The ratio of
window height to window width and ratio of core depth to width of
central limb = 2.5. The stacking factor is 0.9.
(OR)
b) Determine the dimension of core and yoke for a 200kVA, 50Hz single
phase transformer. A cruciform core is used with distance between
adjacent limb equal to 1.6 times the width of core laminations. Assume
voltage per turn 14V, maximum flux density 1.1 Wb/m2, window space
factor 0.32, current density 3 A/mm2 and stacking factor =0.9. The net
iron area is 0.56d2 in a cruciform core where d is the diameter of
circumscribing circle. Also the width of largest stumping is 0.35d.

34. a) A 75kW, 3300 V, 50Hz, 8 pole, 3 phase star connected induction motor
has a magnetizing current which is 35 percent of the full load current.
Calculate the value of stator turns per phase if the mmf required for
flux density at 30 from pole axis is 500A. Assume winding factor =
0.95 and full load efficiency and power factor to be 0.94 and 0.86,
respectively.
(OR)
b) A 3 phase 2 pole, 50 Hz squirrel cage inductor motor has a rotor
diameter 0.20 m and core length 0.12 m. The peak density in the air
gap is 0.55 Wb/m2. The rotor has 33 bars, each of resistance 125µΩ
and a leakage inductance 2µH. The slip is 6%. Calculate
i. The peak value of current in each bar
ii. Rotor I2R loss
iii. Rotor output
iv. Torque exerted
Neglect the resistance of end rings.
35. a) Find the main dimensions of a 2500kVA, 187.5 rpm, 50Hz, 3 phase,
3kV, salent pole synchronous generator. The generator is to be a
vertical, water wheel type. The specific magnetic loading is 0.6Wb/m2
and the specific electric loading is 34000A/m. Use circular poles with
ratio of core length to poles pitch = 0.65. Specify the type of pole
construction used if the run away speed is about 2 times the normal
speed.
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 (OR)
b) Two preliminary designs are made for a 3 phase alternator, the two
designs differing only in the number and size of stator slots and the
dimensions of the stator conductors. The first design uses 2 slots per
pole per phase and there are 9 conductors per slot, each slot
being75mm deep and 19mm wide, and the mean width of stator tooth is
25mm. The thickness of slot insulation is 2mm; all other insulations
may be neglected. The second design is to have 3 slots per pole per
phase. Retaining the same flux density in the teeth and current density
in the stator conductor as in the first design, calculate the dimensions of
the stator slots for the second design. The total height of tip and wedge
may be assumed as 5mm.

36. a) A 2500kVA, 32 pole, 3 phase, 60Hz, 2400V, star connected salient

pole alternator has the following design data: Stator bore = 2.5m, core
length = 0.44m. turns per phase =224, winding factor =0.96, air gap
length = 10m, air gap contraction factor =1.11, ratio of pole arc to pole
pitch = 0.69, ratio of amplitude of fundamental of gap flux density to
maximum gap density = 1.068, per unit leakage reactance
=0.14.Determine the direct and quadrature axis synchronous reactance.
(OR)
b) A 3000 rpm, 50Hz, 3 phase turbo-alternator has a core length of 0.94m.
The average gap density is 0.45 Wb/m2 and the ampere conductor per
meter are 25000. The peripheral speed of rotor is 100 m/s and the
length of air gap is 20mm. Find the kVA output of the machine when
the coils are
i. Full pitch
ii. Chorded by ½ pole pitch
The winding can be taken as infinitely distributed with a phase spread
of 60.

______________

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