EXPERIMENT NO-3

FLOW METER

Objectives:
 To appreciate the linear momentum equations as applied to fluid.
 To determine the force exerted on a vane by jet impinging on it.
 To determine the vane coefficient vane for different vane geometries.

Observations:
a) Cross-section area of the volumetric tank, a=34*60cm2
b) Exit diameter of the nozzle d=6cm
c) Exit area of the nozzle A= cm2

Measured data:

Nozzle Pipe Diameter = 32mm

Exit Diameter of Nozzle = 13mm
Venturi meter Pipe Diameter = 32 mm
Venturi Meter Throat Diameter= 15 mm
Orifice Pipe Diameter = 32 mm
Orifice Throat Diameter = 13 mm

Re Time Nozzle head cm orifice head cm venturi head cm

2000 357.67 1 2.1 0.7
5000 143 6.9 12 12.5
10000 71.53 16.7 30.8 14.9
11920 60 24.2 45.5 18.5
15000 47.68 37.2 70.9 22.5
16900 42.31 59.8 97 26.6

Formulae used:

𝜋𝑑1 2
Area of nozzle 𝐴1 = 4
Area of tank 𝐴2 = 34 ∗ 60𝑐𝑚2
 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑜𝑓𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑘𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 × ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒, 𝑄 =
𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
𝐴1 𝐴2 √2𝑔(𝜌𝑓 − 𝜌𝑚 )
𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡, 𝐶 =
√(𝐴1 2 − 𝐴2 2 )𝜌𝑓

𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒, 𝑄𝑡ℎ = 𝐶√ℎ

𝑄
𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑐𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒, 𝐶𝑑 =
𝑄𝑡ℎ

Nozzle Meter:

Re Time Qac Head in m Qth Cd

2000 357.67 5.7475E-05 0.01 0.00005961 0.964189
5000 143 0.00014376 0.069 0.00015658 0.918088
10000 71.53 0.00028739 0.167 0.0002436 1.179773
11920 60 0.00034262 0.242 0.00029324 1.168385
15000 47.68 0.00043115 0.372 0.00036357 1.18587
16900 42.31 0.00048587 0.598 0.00046097 1.054026

Orifice Meter:

Re Time Qac Head in m Qth Cd

2000 357.67 5.75E-05 0.021 8.64E-05 0.665354
5000 143 0.000144 0.12 0.000206 0.696175
10000 71.53 0.000287 0.308 0.000331 0.868723
11920 60 0.000343 0.455 0.000402 0.852095
15000 47.68 0.000431 0.709 0.000502 0.858985
16900 42.31 0.000486 0.97 0.000587 0.827591
Venturimeter:

Re Time Qac Head in m Qth Cd

2000 357.67 5.75E-05 0.007 6.71E-05 0.856187
5000 143 0.000144 0.125 0.000284 0.506768
10000 71.53 0.000287 0.149 0.00031 0.927938
11920 60 0.000343 0.185 0.000345 0.992803
15000 47.68 0.000431 0.225 0.000381 1.13285
16900 42.31 0.000486 0.266 0.000414 1.17413

Graphs:

Nozzle
1.4

1.2

0.8
Cd

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
Re 2000 5000 10000 11920 15000
Re
 Orifice
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
Cd

0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
Re 2000 5000 10000 11920 15000
Re

Venturi
1.4

1.2

0.8
Cd

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
Re 2000 5000 10000 11920 15000
Re
Discussion:

1) Coefficient of discharge:

Flowmeter Cd
Venturi Meter 0.9318
Orifice 0.7948
Nozzle 1.0784

2) As the Flow rate increases the piezo metric head also increases.
3) As the Reynolds Number increases the Coefficient of Discharge decreases
except in the case of Venturi meter.