Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
SUBMITTED BY
Javeria Irshad
(2016-BBA-16)
Hira Nazar
(2016-BBA-14)
Qurat-ul-ain Waheed
(2017-BBA-27)
Hafsa Sheikh
(2016-BBA-13)
DATE
18-12-18
SUBJECT
Organizational Behavior
DEPARTMENT
Business Administration
Contents
CHAPTER#1................................................................................................................3
Introduction:................................................................................................................3
Significance:...............................................................................................................3
Objectives:..................................................................................................................4
CHAPTER#2................................................................................................................4
Literature Review.......................................................................................................4
CHAPTER#3..............................................................................................................14
Methodology.............................................................................................................14
Introduction:.............................................................................................................14
Research strategy:..................................................................................................15
Research Design.......................................................................................................15
Research Method:......................................................................................................15
Interviews:................................................................................................................15
Sampling strategy:.................................................................................................15
Instrument Design.....................................................................................................15
Analysis:...................................................................................................................15
CHAPTER#4..............................................................................................................16
Discussion.................................................................................................................16
CHAPTER#5..............................................................................................................18
Conclusion and Recommendations...........................................................................18
CHAPTER#6..............................................................................................................19
References.................................................................................................................19
Appendix...................................................................................................................20
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Impact of knowledge sharing on organizational performance
CHAPTER#1
Introduction:
In our project we are going to explain how employee empowerment can enhance the
creativity of the employee. We will also discuss the importance of the training session
to empower the employees which would lead towards the creativity of employees. We
will discuss how the creativity can be beneficial and profitable for the organizations.
As our title explains the relationship between employee empowerment and creativity
through the moderating role of the training. Empowered employees are loyal,
committed and potentially more productive. When employees are given the tools and
resources needed to successfully manage or lead their own projects, work toward their
goals and drive their own career, the benefits are endless. Empowered employees are
more likely to:
Go the extra mile
Follow best practices
Be more productive
Have good communication
Embrace change
Have a “can do” attitude
Provide better customer service
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Impact of knowledge sharing on organizational performance
Significance:
Because of the rapid changes in business environment and the pressure exerted by the
global competition forced the organizations to adopt modern management concepts to
achieve its goals in the competitive world. Consequently a few organizations started
to pay exceptional consideration regarding HR through the adaptation of the idea of
empowering, as it significantly affects enhancing results or performance. Leading
business organizations perceives that the concern of the human component is the best
approach to compete and accomplish excellence. There is no uncertainty that
employee’s interest is a basic and critical component for a wide range of
organizations.
Training is teaching how to use a process that employee already naturally have. It is
teaching them skills that they already have the capability and the capacity to
implement. It is giving them some framework so the training helps the employee to
improve their capabilities and teach them how to use the creative ways to increase the
performance of employees and also of organization.
Objectives:
The objective of our project is
To increase our knowledge about the empowerment and creativity.
To explore how creativity can be beneficial for the organizations.
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Impact of knowledge sharing on organizational performance
To learn how the empowerment would enhance the creativity of the employee.
To understand how the creative employees can help organizations hold unique
identity because this organization don’t copy what others do.
To understand the need to encourage and support the senior management of any
new ideas offered by employees and different functional levels.
To understand the impact of the empowerment of employees in enhancing
creativity.
To determine how training can help employee improve their skills.
To determine the extent of productivity and profitability employees gain from
creative training.
To understand how the decentralized decision making can be cost effective for
organization because when the organization have empowered employees they can
save the organization from losses.
CHAPTER#2
Literature Review
Journal Name:
The Leadership Quarterly
Title of the Article:
How feedback about leadership potential impacts ambition, organizational
commitment, and performance
About Article:
In the present research we report results from two experimental studies that examine
how feedback about leadership potential impacts leadership ambition, organizational
commitment, and performance. Study 1 used an experimental vignette methodology
that controls for prior performance. Results show that individuals who receive
feedback that they have low potential to be a future leader have lower ambition and
organizational commitment relative to those who receive feedback that they have high
potential to be a future leader. Study 2 provides evidence of the causal behavioral
effects of feedback about leadership potential using a real task effort environment.
Results show that participants informed to be unlikely future leaders display lower
performance in a subsequent task than participants informed to be likely future
leaders. The findings from the two studies demonstrate that information about
leadership potential affects subsequent ambition to become leaders as well as
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Impact of knowledge sharing on organizational performance
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Impact of knowledge sharing on organizational performance
Journal Name:
Academy of Management Proceeding
Title of the Article:
DIFFERENT KNOWLEDGE, DIFFERENT BENEFITS: TOWARD A
PRODUCTIVITY PERSPECTIVE ON KNOWLEDGE SHARING IN
ORGANIZATIONS
About the Article:
Investigating the implications of sharing different types of knowledge for task
performance in a study of 164 sales teams in a management consulting company, we
find that the benefits are complementary but distinct: while sharing of codified
knowledge improves task efficiency, sharing of personalized knowledge improves
task quality and signals competence to clients.
Most of the theory and research about the strategic advantages of knowledge for
organizations has focused on firm level rather than task unit level variation in
performance (e.g., Bierly & Chakrabarti, 1996; Decarolis & Deeds, 1999; Grant,
1996; Kogut & Zander, 1992). In contrast, knowledge management research has
focused on the sharing of knowledge between task units within firms (e.g,
Athanassiou & Nigh, 1999; Gupta & Govindarajan, 2000; Szulanski, 1996), but has
rarely examined the implications of this knowledge sharing for task unit outcomes.
Thus, these approaches do not address the question of the productivity of knowledge
work, because they do not investigate the effects of the application of available
knowledge to tasks.
Sample & sample size:
We tested our hypotheses at Centra Consulting, a management consulting firm that
employs more than 10,000 consultants in over 100 offices across the U.S. and
provides business, tax, and audit consulting services to corporate clients in a range of
industries. Our research focused on Centra teams that were developing sales proposals
with the purpose of bidding for a new client contract. Examples of client contracts
might be for business strategy development, enterprise resource software
implementation, or corporate tax advice. We sent surveys to the leaders of 259 bids.
Our final dataset includes 164 bids, of which 112 were won (68%) and 52 were lost
(32%). To measure the teams’ outcomes, we asked the bid leaders to respond to three
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Impact of knowledge sharing on organizational performance
statements on scales from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree): “We were able
to spend much less time on the proposal because we used existing knowledge in
Centra” (time savings); “The proposaloverall (solution, methods, value, presentation,
and documentation) was among the best I have seen in Centra” (work quality); and
“We were able to communicate to the client Centra’s unique competencies in the areas
of the proposal” (signal of competence).
Results:
The main finding in this study is that different types of knowledge have different
impacts on a task unit’s performance. Electronic documents improved the time
efficiency of the teams at Centra, while personal advice improved the quality of work
and signaled their competence to clients. In addition, the results also demonstrate the
usefulness of distinguishing between content and process variables: controlling for
processing issues, the content of the knowledge being shared (i.e., quality and
relevance) had a positive impact on task performance, while the processing variables
had a negative effect on task performance holding content constant.
Conclusion:
The study can provide some insight into the causal mechanisms that link knowledge
sharing activities to task outcomes. We believe that such insights are crucial for
understanding how the productivity of knowledge workers such as management
consultants may be enhanced by sharing knowledge within organizations.
Journal Name:
Journal of Organizational Behavior
Title of the Article:
Two roads to effectiveness: CEO feedback seeking, vision articulation, and firm
performance
About the Article:
Humble leadership is attracting increased scholarly attention, but little is known about
its effects when used in conjunction with less humble leadership behaviors that rely
on a perception of the leader as confident and charismatic. This study contrasts the
effects on top management team (TMT) potency and organizational performance of a
more humble (feedback seeking) and a less humble (vision) CEO leader behavior. We
hypothesize that CEO feedback seeking increases TMT potency and firm performance
by communicating to TMT members that the organization values their input and
encouraging their own feedback seeking, whereas CEO vision articulation influences
these outcomes by fostering greater clarity about the firm's direction, and an enhanced
ability to coordinate efforts within theTMT. CEOs who have not developed a vision
can achieve a similar positive impact on TMT potency and firm performance by
seeking feedback. In a sample of CEOs and TMT members from 65 firms, both CEO
feedback seeking and vision articulation exhibit positive direct relationships with firm
performance. However, only feedback seeking displays an indirect effect on
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Impact of knowledge sharing on organizational performance
performance via TMT potency. Finally, CEO feedback seeking has its strongest
effects on firm performance and TMT potency for CEOs who are not seen as having a
vision.
Sample & sample size:
The data used in the present study were collected as part of a larger global research
project. Survey data were gathered from 69 small‐ to mid‐sized for‐profit
organizations from 18 different industries located in the United States and Belgium.
We initially contacted 165 CEOs about participating in the study. The U.S. CEOs
were identified and contacted individually by the research team, whereas the Belgian
CEOs were invited to participate as part of an executive education program facilitated
by one of the authors. Once the CEO's agreed to participate, they provided the names
and contact information of the various members of their firm's TMT, who were
assigned surveys to complete as described below. Due to substantial missing data,
four firms were excluded from the sample, leaving us with a final sample of 422 TMT
members from 65 firms.
Results:
As firms' top leaders, CEOs are charged with enhancing firm performance and can use
a variety of strategies and tactics to do so. This study builds on prior research on
leader humility by comparing the effects of a more humble (FSB) and less humble
(CEO vision) means through which CEOs might increase the potency of their TMT
and thereby improve firm performance. In a multisource study of the CEOs and TMTs
of 65 small‐ to mid‐sized firms in the United States and Belgium, we found that both
CEO FSB and vision articulation are associated with improved TMT potency and firm
performance. However, although the indirect effect of FSB on performance via
potency is significant when controlling for vision, the indirect effect of vision on
performance via potency is not significant when controlling for FSB. Our results are
further qualified by a significant interaction between FSB and vision articulation.
Consistent with our predictions, we found that CEOs who are not perceived as
articulating a clear vision can create the same level of TMT potency and head
organizations with the same level of firm performance as more visionary CEOs, so
long as they are seen as frequently seeking feedback from TMT members. In contrast,
the benefits of FSB are less pronounced for CEOs who are described as articulating a
vision.
Conclusion:
In the end, even the highest levels of organizations are populated by people: people
who are responsive to the behaviors of their supervisor (in this case the CEO), who
feel various levels of confidence about their tasks (TMT potency), and whose
contributions help determine the organizations' performance. Our study suggests a
new and important means through which CEOs might lead these people—by asking
them for their feedback about their work behaviors and style. Importantly, we found
that seeking feedback from TMT members was especially helpful to CEOs who
engaged in lower levels of the vision articulation that customarily has been associated
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Impact of knowledge sharing on organizational performance
with effective top‐level leadership. Our findings highlight FSB as a humble means
through which CEOs might enhance firm performance
Journal Name
Academy of management proceeding (2017)
Article Name
Shaping environments conducive to creativity: the role of feedback, autonomy, and
self-concordance.
Sample
The sample consisted of 482supervisor-subordinate dyads from four consulting firms,
each employing between 300 and 800 employees. Two sets of online questionnaires
were used: a subordinate survey, measuring the antecedent variables and a survey for
the immediate supervisors of the subordinates to assess employee creativity. On
average supervisors evaluated 3.73 employees. The average job tenure and company
tenure of the employee sample was respectively2.7 years and 3.3 years. The average
dyadic relationship length was 2.5 years. 73.2 percent of our employee sample was
male, 77 percent worked full-time and the average age of the respondents was34 years
Findings
The findingsshow that self-concordance mediates the relationship between perceptions
of the coworker feedback environment and creative performance as well as the
relationship between perceptions of the supervisor feedback environment and creative
performance.
Conclusion
The present study contributes to the literature on the feedback-creativity relationship
by highlighting employees’ perceptions of the broader feedback environment as a new
avenue for enhancing employee creativity. Our results indicated that employees’
perceptions of a favorable coworker or supervisor feedback environment indirectly
influence their level of creative performance through the internalization of work
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Impact of knowledge sharing on organizational performance
goals. In addition, we found that autonomy moderated this mediation, such that the
more autonomy employees experienced at work, the stronger this relationship was.
Journal Name
Leadership Quarterly (2016)
Article Name
Dispersed leadership predictor of the work environment for creativity and
productivity.
Sample
The study involves a questionnaire-based survey of employees from a high
technology organisation operating in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). A total of 104
useable questionnaires were received from employees who are engaged in self-
managing activities. These were subjected to a series of correlational and regression
analyses.
Findings
There are three major findings in this research. First, the relationship between
dispersed leadership and the “stimulant” dimensions of the work environment for
creativity is positive and significant. Second, the relationship between dispersed
leadership, with the exception of encouraging self-reinforcement, and the “obstacle”
dimensions of the work environment for creativity is negative and significant. Finally,
the findings have clearly shown that the “stimulant” dimensions of the work
environment for creativity have a positive and significant impact on both creativity
and productivity.
Conclusion
It is concluded that leadership in a creative organisation is largely a matter of giving
employees resources, creative freedom, enthusiasm, support, a sense of ownership and
encouragement. Thus, the role of the leader is to be the provider of a context and
situation for creativity and productivity. The art lies in creating an organisational
culture which reinforces reciprocally warm relationships and facilitates dialogue, a
creative climate and innovativeness.
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Impact of knowledge sharing on organizational performance
Journal Name
Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology(2016)
Article Name
Psychosocial safety climate as a precursor to conducive work environments,
psychological health problems, and employee engagement
Findings
Top management support and commitment are necessary in stress prevention to
ensure that appropriate values and philosophies are adopted by giving people a voice
can be productive and empowering, giving workers a sense of control. An important
contribution of the study is that it proposed anew construct that is causally prior to
working conditions. It found evidence of a top-down effect of PSC on lower level
work entities, PSC predicting changes in skill discretion, work pressure, and
emotional demands over time. When senior managers failed to value worker well-
being, this will lead to an erosion of health.
Conclusion
An important contribution of the study is that it tests the longitudinal relationship of
PSC to changing working conditions over a12-month period and gives confidence that
PSC predicts job demands, psychological health problems, and employee
engagement. it also shows that PSC is a fundamental organizational condition
associated with both work psychological health and employee engagement.
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Impact of knowledge sharing on organizational performance
CHAPTER#3
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CHAPTER#4
Findings
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Impact of knowledge sharing on organizational performance
9.
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CHAPTER#5
Discussion
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CHAPTER#6
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CHAPTER#7
References
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Impact of knowledge sharing on organizational performance
APPENDIX
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