Integrative Art as Applied to Contemporary Arts
reflective of the world we live in. Events in the world
Integrated arts
Practice refers to inter-disciplinary art, art research,
development, production, presentation or artistic
creation of work that fully uses two or more art
disciplines to create a work for a specific audience.
Art
Is “human ingenuity in adapting natural things to man’s
use” (Webster)
Art comes from the word “ars” which means skill
It is synonymous with skill, cunning, artifice, and craft,
which all mean the faculty of what is devised
Skill
Skill stresses technical knowledge and proficiency
Cunning
Cunning suggest ingenuity and subtlety in devising,
inventing, or executing.
Artifice
Suggest mechanical skill especially in imitating things in
nature
Craft
May imply expertness in workmanship and guile in
attaining one’s end.
Art is a Natural Human Behavior
Art is communication
Art is healing
Art tells our story
Art is a shared experience
Contemporary
/kənˈtempəˌrerē/
Synonymous to present, current, modern.
Living or occurring at the same time
Belonging to or occurring in the present.
Contemporary Art
It is the art of today
Produced by artist who is living in the 21st Century.
It is not restricted to individual experience but it is
having an effect to the Philippines.
Artwork that is created by today’s contemporary artists
and has world view, and its sensitive to changing times.
The term “contemporary art” refers to art made and
produced by artists living today
Today’s artists work in and respond to a global
environment that is culturally diverse, technologically
advancing, and multifaceted.
Working in a wide range of mediums, contemporary
artists often reflect and comment on modern-day
society.
Contemporary art: is the art of today, produced by
artists who are living in the twenty-first century.
Contemporary art: provides an opportunity to reflect on
contemporary society and the issues relevant to
ourselves, and the world around us.
Contemporary artists: work in a globally influenced,
culturally diverse, and technologically advancing world.
Their art is a dynamic combination of materials,
methods, concepts and subjects that challenge
traditional boundaries and defy easy definition.
Characteristics of Philippine Contemporary Arts (by
classification)
Dominant/Mainstream: foreign influenced, industry-
driven, technology assisted, oriented for mass
consumption. (E.g Ogie Alcasid and Sarah Geronimo)
Alternative: usually social realist and/or advocacy
oriented individuals. (E.g. Joey Ayala, Grace Nono, Kidlat
Tahimik)
Traditional/Indigenous: preserves local traditions. (E.g.
GAMABA awardees- Samaon Sulaiman, Lang Dulay)
Elements/Principles of Contemporary Art
Appropriation
Existing artworks are appropriated to produce another
artwork. Usage of prints, images, and icons to produce
another art form.
Combines past from the present. Revives interests to
existing forms of art.
Performance
Performance evolved to “emphasize spontaneous
elements of chance.” (Walker Art Center)
Interpreting various human activities such as ordinary
activities such as chores, routines and rituals, to socially
relevant themes such as poverty, commercialism and
war.
Space
Arts transforming space. For example: flash mobs, art
installation in malls and parks.
Site Specific forms: art form that is performed and
positioned in a specific space such as public places.
Hybridity
Usage of unconventional materials, mixing of unlikely
materials to produce an artwork. For example: coffee
for painting, miniature sculptures using crayons.
Technology
Usage of technology in the creation and dissemination
of art works.
Video phenomenon from MTV to Youtube. Recording
performances, video posting, sharing, live streaming.
Modern Art Contemporary Art
Started in 1860’s Started in 1970’s - Present
Abstractions Social Issues
Art experimentation: Art experimentation
Drawing Video Art
Sculpture Land Art
Painting Performance Art
Virtual Art
VISUAL ELEMENTS
Line: a line is an identifiable path created by a point
moving in space. It is one-dimensional and can vary in
width, direction, and length. Lines often define the
edges of a form. Lines can be horizontal, vertical, or
diagonal, straight or curved, thick or thin.
An element of art that is used to define shape,
contours, and outlines, also to continuous mark made
on a surface with a pointed tool or implied by edges of
shapes and forms.
Characteristics of a line are:
Width: thick, thin, tapering, uneven.
Length: long, short, continuous, broken
Direction: horizontal, vertical, diagonal, curving,
perpendicular, oblique, parallel, radial, zigzag.
Focus: sharp, blurry, fuzzy, choppy
Feeling: sharp, jagged, graceful, smooth.
Types of Line
Outlines: lines made by the edge of an object or its
silhouette
Contour lines: lines that describe the shape of an object
and the interior detail
Expressive lines: lines that are energetic and catches the
movement and gestures of an active figure.
Sketch line: lines that captures the appearance of an
object or impression of a place
Calligraphic lines: Greek word meaning “beautiful
writing” precise, elegant handwriting or letting done by
hand. Also artwork that has flowing lines like an elegant
handwriting.
Implied line: lines that are not actually drawn but
created by a group of objects seen from a distance.
Shape
Shape is a flat, enclosed area of an artwork created
through lines, textures, colors or an area enclosed by
other shapes such as triangles, circles and squares.
Likewise, a form can refer to a three-dimensional
composition or object within a three-dimensional
composition.
Categories of Shapes
Geometric Shapes: circles, squares, rectangles, and
triangles. We see them in architecture and
manufactured items.
Organic shapes: leaf, seashells, flowers. We see them in
nature and with characteristics that are free flowing,
informal and irregular.
Positive shapes: in a drawing or painting positive shapes
are the solid forms in a design such as a bowl of fruit. In
a sculpture it is the solid form of the sculpture.
Negative Shapes: in a drawing it is the space around the
positive shape or the shape around the bowl of fruit. In
sculpture it is the empty shape around and between the
sculptures.
Static shapes: Shapes that appears stable and resting
Dynamic Shapes: shapes that appears moving and
active.
Color
Is the element of art that is produced when light,
striking an object, is reflected back to the eyes. There
are three properties to color. The first is hue, which
simply means the name we give to a color (red, yellow,
blue green, etc.). The second property is intensity,
which refers to the vividness of the color.
Categories of Color
Color Wheel: is a tool used to organize color. It is made
up of PSTACMWC
Primary Colors: red, yellow, blue these colors cannot be
mixed, they must be bought in some form.
Secondary Colors: orange, violet, green these colors are
created by mixing two primaries.
Tertiary/Intermediate Colors: red orange, yellow green,
blue violet, etc., mixing a primary with a secondary
creates these colors.
Analogous colors: the analog colors are those colors
which lie on either side of any given color.
Ex ; orange, red, cherry
Complementary colors: are colors that are opposite
each other on the color wheel. When placed next to
each other they look bright and when mixed together
they neutralize each other.
Ex; yellow, blue, green, pink
Monochromatic: is where one color is used but in
different values and intensity.
Ex: dark brown, brown, light brown
Warm colors: are on one side of the color wheel and
they give the feeling of warmth for example red, orange
and yellow are the color of fire and feel warm.
Cool colors: are on the other side of the color wheel and
they give the feeling of coolness for example, blue,
violet are the color of water and green is the color of
cool grass.
Space
Space is any conducive area that an artist provides for a
particular purpose. Space includes the background,
foreground, and middle ground, and refers to the
distance or area(s) around, between, and within things.
Categories of Space
Positive space: like in positive shape it is the actual
sculpture or building.
Negative space: also like negative shape it is the space
around the sculpture or building
Picture Plane: is the flat surface of your drawing paper
or canvas.
Composition: is the organization and placement of
elements on your picture plane
Focal Point: is the object or area you want the viewer to
look at first.
Types of Perspective
Perspective is an approximate representation, on a flat
surface (paper), of an image as it is perceived by the eye
Nonlinear Perspective
Is the method of showing depth that incorporates the
ffg. Techniques
Position: placing an object higher on the page makes it
appear farther back than objects placed lower.
Overlapping: when an object overlaps another object, it
appears closer to the viewer, and the object behind
appears farther.
Size Variation: smaller objects look farther away in the
distance. Larger objects look closer.
Color: bright colors look like they are closer to you and
neutral colors look farther away.
Value: lighter values look like they are brighter and
darker values look like they are closer.
Linear Perspective
Is the method of using lines to show the illusion of
depth in a picture
One-point Perspective: when lines created by the sides
of tables or building look like that are pointing to the
distance and they all meet at one point perspective.
Two-point Perspective: the lines look like they are
meeting at two points on the horizon line
Visual Elements
Texture
Stimulates the senses of sight and touch and refers to
the tactile quality of the surface of the art.
Based on the perceived texture of the canvas or surface,
which includes the application of the paint.
Two types: Visual and Actual
Categories of Texture
Real Texture: actual texture of an object. Artist may
create real texture in art to give visual interest or evoke
a feeling.
Implied Texture: where a piece of art is made to look
like a certain texture. Like drawing a rough tree trunk
but it is actually smooth paper.
Value
Relevant to the lightness or darkness of any color, but
its importance is easy to visualize in a work with no
colors other than black, white, and grayscale.
Categories of Value
Tint: adding white to color paint to create lighter values
such as pink or light blue.
Shade: adding black to paint to create dark values such
as dark blue or dark red.
High-key: is where the picture is all light values.
Low-key: is where the picture is all dark values
Value Contrast: where light values are placed next to
the dark values to create contrast or strong differences
Value Scale: is a scale that shows the gradual change in
value from its lightest value, to its darkest value black.
Form
Element of art that is three-dimensional and encloses
volume; includes height, width and depth (cube, sphere,
pyramid, cylinder). May also be free flowing.
Shading a circle in a certain manner can turn it into a
sphere
Form Types:
Square – cube; rectangle – cylinder; triangle – cone;
circle- sphere
Balance
The way the elements are arranged
Keeping your design like a pattern. A balanced pattern
would be if you had a border on your pattern black.
Unbalanced pattern would be if approximately one-
third of the border was orange and two-thirds pink
Keeping your design symmetric is a good technique for
good balance.
A. Symmetrical Balance – the parts of an image are
organized so that one side mirrors the other
B. Asymmetrical Balance – when one side of a
composition does not reflect the design of the other
Unity
Creates a sense of harmony and wholeness, by using
similar elements with composition and placing them in
a way that brings them all together.
Variety adds interest by using contrasting elements with
composition.
Keeping your design in a sort of harmony in which all
sections of the pattern make other sections feel
complete. Unity helps the design to be seen as one
design instead of randomness all around your design.
Harmony
the quality of how the visual elements are working
together in a composition. It is achieved when all
elements have unity and cohesion, giving a sense of
completion in an artwork.
Similar to unity. Harmony brings together a composition
with similar units. If your composition was using wavy
lines and organic shapes you would stay with those
types of lines and not put in just one geometric shape
Pattern
Is an underlying structure that organizes surfaces or
structures in a consistent, regular manner.
Can be described as a repeating unit of shape or form,
but it can also be thought of as the “skeleton” that
organizes parts of a composition.
Simply keeping your design in a certain format
Contrast
Is simply defines as difference.
Difference between art elements like color, value, size,
texture, and so on can intensify the elements used.
As a result, the elements used in a work of art can
become more powerful. Although contrast is closely
related with variety, it is usually considered a principle
of art.
Visual Art Elements and Principles of Design SHAPE

-the building blocks or ingredients of art COLOR

Principles of Art SPACE

What we use to organize the elements of art, or tools to TEXTURE

make art
VALUE

Balance

The way the elements are arranged

Keeping your design like a pattern

A. Symmetrical Balance – the parts of an image are

organized so that one side mirrors the other

B. Asymmetrical Balance – when one side of a

composition does not reflect the design of the other

Emphasis

The focal point of an image, or when one area or thing

stand out the most

Contrast

A large difference between two things to create interest

and tension

Rhythm and Movement

A regular repetition of elements to produce the look

and feel of movement

Pattern and Repetition

Repetition of a design

Unity

When all elements and principles work together to

create a pleasing image

Variety

The use of differences and change to increase the visual

interest of the work

Proportion

The comparative relationship of one part to another

with respect to size, quantity or degree ; SCALE

VISUAL ELEMENTS

LINE FORM